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CN108343562A - A kind of fan blade damage sync detection device - Google Patents

A kind of fan blade damage sync detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108343562A
CN108343562A CN201810106452.6A CN201810106452A CN108343562A CN 108343562 A CN108343562 A CN 108343562A CN 201810106452 A CN201810106452 A CN 201810106452A CN 108343562 A CN108343562 A CN 108343562A
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infrared
fan blade
detection device
annulus
lazy
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王向红
刘文杰
胡宏伟
何绪晖
沈晓炜
徐玉立
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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Changsha University of Science and Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03DWIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置,所述装置包括起升机构、推进机构、同步机构、移动机构、圆环采集机构、信息处理单元,同步机构包括同步机构基体、智能锁紧装置,圆环采集机构包括红外成像仪、红外闪光灯激励源调节系统。本发明的优点在于:实现风机叶片损伤在线同步检测,具有适应叶片曲面、厚度变化的激励源调节系统,通过风机叶片红外三维热像图分析判断损伤,具有自动化程度高、适应性强、检测效率高等优点。

The invention relates to a synchronous detection device for fan blade damage. The device includes a lifting mechanism, a propulsion mechanism, a synchronous mechanism, a moving mechanism, a circular collection mechanism, and an information processing unit. The synchronous mechanism includes a synchronous mechanism base and an intelligent locking device. The ring collection mechanism includes an infrared imager, an infrared flashlight excitation source adjustment system. The invention has the advantages of realizing online synchronous detection of fan blade damage, having an excitation source adjustment system that adapts to changes in blade curvature and thickness, and judging damage through infrared three-dimensional thermal image analysis of fan blades, with high automation, strong adaptability, and detection efficiency Advanced merit.

Description

一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置A synchronous detection device for fan blade damage

技术领域technical field

本发明属于风机损伤检测技术领域,尤其涉及一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置。The invention belongs to the technical field of wind turbine damage detection, and in particular relates to a wind turbine blade damage synchronous detection device.

背景技术Background technique

风是一种没有公害的能源,利用风力发电非常环保,且能够产生的电能非常巨大,因此越来越多的国家更加重视风力发电。风机叶片作为风能转换为电能的最前端设备,其性能的好坏直接决定了转换效率的高低。因而定期检测其状况是非常重要。Wind is a non-polluting energy source. Using wind power to generate electricity is very environmentally friendly and can generate huge amounts of electricity. Therefore, more and more countries pay more attention to wind power generation. Fan blades are the front-end equipment for converting wind energy into electrical energy, and their performance directly determines the conversion efficiency. Therefore, it is very important to check its condition regularly.

风机叶片是一个复合材料制成的薄壳结构,其重量的90%以上由复合材料组成,每台发电机一般有多支叶片。叶片在运输和安装过程中,由于叶片本身尺寸和自重较大而且具有一定的弹性会造成风机叶片内部损伤的产生。更值得注意的是,由于工作环境的恶劣性与工况的复杂多变性,风机叶片在阳光,酸雨,狂风,自振,风沙,盐雾等不利的条件下随着时间的变化,其性能也发生着退化,直至产生自然开裂,沙眼,表面磨损,雷击损坏,横向裂纹等故障。而且,在运行过程中也会出现不同程度的疲劳损伤;如果日常能对叶片进行定期维护,就可以避免日后高额的维修费用,减少停机所造成的经济损失。The fan blade is a thin shell structure made of composite materials, and more than 90% of its weight is composed of composite materials. Each generator generally has multiple blades. During the transportation and installation process of the blade, due to the large size and dead weight of the blade itself and its certain elasticity, the internal damage of the fan blade will be caused. What is more noteworthy is that due to the harsh working environment and the complex and variable working conditions, the performance of fan blades will change over time under adverse conditions such as sunlight, acid rain, strong wind, natural vibration, wind and sand, and salt spray. Degradation occurs until failures such as natural cracking, trachoma, surface wear, lightning damage, and transverse cracks occur. Moreover, different degrees of fatigue damage will also occur during operation; if the blades can be regularly maintained on a daily basis, high maintenance costs in the future can be avoided and economic losses caused by downtime can be reduced.

通过检测与监测相结合的方式,可以预防并且能够避免事故的发生。目前对风机叶片检测可分为生产质检和服役叶片在位检测。生产质检往往是对在生产过程的生产缺陷、材料检测,这种检测是容易操作实现的。然而对服役的叶片在位检测大部分依然依靠人工检测,人工检测具有危险性高、检测效率低、劳动强度大、数据不易保存、并且检测时间过长等缺陷。因此,服役叶片在线检测逐渐得到越来越多重视。随着无损检测技术的提升,可以将无损检测与先进的机械装置相结合,使用不同无损检测技术设计出不同的服役叶片在位检测。常用的风机叶片无损检测技术有:超声波、声发射、X射线、红外热成像等检测技术。但每种检测方法都具有各自的优点和使用局限性,而且并没有完善的标准来规定检测方法的适用阶段。如授权公布号CN204961177U,公布日2016年1月13日的专利文献公开了一种风机叶片检测装置,是一种利用主动式红外热成像技术的风机叶片实时检测装置,该检测装置特点是在于检测前手动将检测与光照单元各参数设置成最佳状态;如申请公布号CN107063602A,公布日2017年8月18日的专利文献公开了一种风机叶片机械损伤检测装置,是一种基于对图像进行数字图像处理可以准确的将受损叶片部位识别出来的智能程度高的检测装置,该装置解决了现有的风力机叶片存在着不方便、检测不准确、智能程度低、实用性性差、结构复杂等缺点;如申请公布号CN106501280A,公布日2017年3月15日的专利文献公开了一种基于激光测距的风机叶片在线检测装置及其检测方法,该发明采用三维激光测距对叶片进行非接触式的检测技术,能够有效监测叶片的情况,及时发现故障。然而,上述风机叶片服役在位检测只能实现风机叶片在位静止检测,并且静止检测时间过长带来相当大的经济损失等问题。因此,研究一种适宜于风机叶片服役在位与在线检测的装置具有重要的工程应用价值和实际意义。授权公告号CN20483211U,公布日2015年12月2日的专利文献公开了一种风场运行中的风力发电机叶片检测装置,该检测装置是利用声相仪的原理,通过声源接收设备接收风机发电机转动时叶片发出的声音,经过及时数据处理检测出叶片损害状态,该装置解决了不具备及时准确的检测出风力发电机叶片的损害状态的检修装置的技术问题,且可以放在离风机一定间距的地上对运行中的风机进行检测。但该装置在很大程度上受周围介质环境的影响,影响成像质量,并且也没有考虑到当风向发生改变时,风机也会随着风向发生周向转动,从而检测装置在迎风面放置的前提条件就会发生改变,使得检测产生的误差较大。Through the combination of detection and monitoring, accidents can be prevented and avoided. At present, the inspection of fan blades can be divided into production quality inspection and in-situ inspection of service blades. Production quality inspection is often the detection of production defects and materials in the production process, which is easy to operate. However, most of the in-situ inspections of blades in service still rely on manual inspections. Manual inspections have defects such as high risk, low detection efficiency, high labor intensity, difficult data preservation, and long inspection time. Therefore, online detection of blades in service has gradually received more and more attention. With the improvement of non-destructive testing technology, non-destructive testing can be combined with advanced mechanical devices, and different non-destructive testing technologies can be used to design different in-situ inspections of service blades. Commonly used non-destructive testing technologies for fan blades include: ultrasonic, acoustic emission, X-ray, infrared thermal imaging and other testing technologies. However, each detection method has its own advantages and limitations, and there is no perfect standard to specify the applicable stage of the detection method. For example, the authorized publication number CN204961177U, the patent document published on January 13, 2016 discloses a fan blade detection device, which is a real-time detection device for fan blades using active infrared thermal imaging technology. The detection device is characterized in that it detects Manually set the parameters of the detection and illumination unit to the best state; for example, the patent document of application publication number CN107063602A, published on August 18, 2017, discloses a mechanical damage detection device for fan blades, which is based on image Digital image processing can accurately identify the damaged blade parts with a highly intelligent detection device. This device solves the problems of existing wind turbine blades such as inconvenience, inaccurate detection, low intelligence, poor practicability, and complex structure. and other shortcomings; such as the application publication number CN106501280A, the patent document published on March 15, 2017 discloses a kind of fan blade online detection device and detection method based on laser ranging. The contact detection technology can effectively monitor the condition of the blades and detect faults in time. However, the above-mentioned fan blade in-service detection can only realize the fan blade static detection, and the static detection time is too long to bring considerable economic losses and other problems. Therefore, it is of great engineering application value and practical significance to study a device suitable for in-service and on-line detection of fan blades. Authorized announcement number CN20483211U, the patent document published on December 2, 2015 discloses a wind turbine blade detection device in wind farm operation. The sound made by the blades when the generator rotates, and the damage state of the blades is detected through timely data processing. This device solves the technical problem of not having a maintenance device that can detect the damage state of the wind turbine blades in a timely and accurate manner, and can be placed away from the wind turbine. The fan in operation is detected on the ground at a certain distance. However, the device is largely affected by the surrounding medium environment, which affects the imaging quality, and it does not take into account that when the wind direction changes, the fan will also rotate in the circumferential direction with the wind direction, so the premise of placing the detection device on the windward side The conditions will change, making the detection error larger.

因此,风机叶片损伤检测既要满足服役在线检测,而且也要适应风向的变化,从而可以很好的完成叶片的检测呈现出非常直观的缺陷。Therefore, the damage detection of fan blades must not only meet the online detection of service, but also adapt to the change of wind direction, so that the detection of blades can be well completed and present very intuitive defects.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置,该检测装置可以实现风机叶片在线的检测。通过圆环采集机构采集叶片不同方向的热像图,经信息处理单元处理构建风机叶片的红外三维热像图,叶片的损伤就能非常形象直观的呈现在三维热像图中,在风机运行过程中完成热像图的采集,这样可以减少因停机检测时间过长而带来的经济损失。该检测装置能够根据风机叶片不同部位曲面自动调节红外闪光灯激励源的角度与高度,这样就会降低由温度场空间梯度较大、均匀性差等引起的采集误差,根据叶片不同部位的厚度调节激励源频率,这样可以减小由于激励不当而漏检深处的损伤。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a synchronous detection device for fan blade damage, which can realize online detection of fan blades. The thermal images of the blades in different directions are collected by the ring acquisition mechanism, and the infrared three-dimensional thermal images of the fan blades are processed by the information processing unit. The damage of the blades can be presented in the three-dimensional thermal images very vividly and intuitively. During the operation of the fan The collection of thermal images can be completed in the process, which can reduce the economic loss caused by the long shutdown detection time. The detection device can automatically adjust the angle and height of the infrared flash lamp excitation source according to the curved surface of different parts of the fan blade, which will reduce the acquisition error caused by the large spatial gradient and poor uniformity of the temperature field, and adjust the excitation source according to the thickness of different parts of the blade. Frequency, which can reduce the missed detection of deep damage due to improper excitation.

本发明采用的技术方案:一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置,包括起升机构、推进机构、同步机构、移动机构、圆环采集机构、信息处理单元;起升机构由举升模块与箱型椭圆式伸缩臂组成;起升机构与推进机构连接;推进机构与同步机构活动连接;同步机构装有多组移动机构,分别与风机叶片个数相同;移动机构装有移动工作台;移动工作台与圆环采集机构连接。The technical scheme adopted in the present invention: a device for synchronous detection of fan blade damage, including a lifting mechanism, a propulsion mechanism, a synchronizing mechanism, a moving mechanism, a ring acquisition mechanism, and an information processing unit; the lifting mechanism is composed of a lifting module and a box-shaped elliptical The lifting mechanism is connected with the propulsion mechanism; the propulsion mechanism is movably connected with the synchronous mechanism; the synchronous mechanism is equipped with multiple sets of moving mechanisms, which are the same as the number of fan blades; the moving mechanism is equipped with a mobile workbench; The ring collection mechanism is connected.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的起升机构由举升模块与箱型椭圆式伸缩臂构成,举升模块是将检测装置从平行地面的初始位置举升至平行风机塔的竖直位置,箱型椭圆式伸缩臂是将检测装置起升至同步机构基体中轴线与风机轮毂外壳轴线重合;所述举升模块包括三角臂、拉杆、液压缸总成,所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂由多节臂套接而成;所述三角臂与所述拉杆均为对称布置,所述三角臂下端与底座前端铰接,所述拉杆下端与所述三角臂上端铰接,所述拉杆上端与所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂铰接,所述液压缸总成的上端与所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂铰接,下端与所述三角臂中部铰接;所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂单节伸缩臂总长等于单节伸长长度与嵌套长度之和,单节伸缩臂在前一节伸缩臂内的嵌套部分根据最小搭接长度原则来选取,伸长量根据所选材料的弹性模量与泊松比来选定;所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂连接推进机构。推进机构由一套液压系统构成,该机构是沿风机轮毂外壳轴线方向推送检测装置,推送机构收回的同时触发智能锁紧装置。The lifting mechanism of the fan blade damage synchronous detection device is composed of a lifting module and a box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm. The lifting module lifts the detection device from an initial position parallel to the ground to a vertical position parallel to the wind tower. Position, the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm is to lift the detection device until the central axis of the synchronization mechanism base coincides with the axis of the fan hub shell; the lifting module includes a triangular arm, a pull rod, and a hydraulic cylinder assembly, and the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm The arm is made of multi-section arms; the triangular arm and the pull rod are arranged symmetrically, the lower end of the triangular arm is hinged to the front end of the base, the lower end of the pull rod is hinged to the upper end of the triangular arm, and the upper end of the pull rod is connected to the upper end of the triangular arm. The box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm is hinged, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly is hinged with the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm, and the lower end is hinged with the middle part of the triangular arm; the single-section telescopic arm of the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm The total length is equal to the sum of the elongation length of the single section and the nesting length. The nesting part of the single-section telescopic boom in the previous telescopic boom is selected according to the principle of minimum lap length, and the elongation is based on the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio is selected; the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm is connected to the propulsion mechanism. The propulsion mechanism is composed of a hydraulic system, which pushes the detection device along the axial direction of the fan hub shell, and triggers the intelligent locking device when the push mechanism is retracted.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的同步机构,是一种将检测装置与风机同步的机构,该机构通过对轴向的自由度与径向自由度约束来达到同步效果,径向的自由度通过与风机轮毂外壳、叶片的叶根配合的同步基体凹型结构来完成约束,轴向自由度通过智能锁紧装置来完成约束,所述智能锁紧装置包括锁舌、传动机构、减速机构、驱动电机、触发模块;所述触发模块包括压力传感器、压力球、压力弹簧,其中压力弹簧的平均螺旋直径小于压力球直径;多组触发模块采用或门电路连接,防止单一触发模块损坏而影响整个检测装置正常工作。The synchronization mechanism of the fan blade damage synchronization detection device is a mechanism for synchronizing the detection device with the fan. The mechanism achieves the synchronization effect by constraining the axial degree of freedom and the radial degree of freedom. The degree of freedom is constrained by the concave structure of the synchronous base that cooperates with the fan hub shell and the blade root of the blade, and the axial degree of freedom is constrained by an intelligent locking device, which includes a lock tongue, a transmission mechanism, and a reduction mechanism , a drive motor, a trigger module; the trigger module includes a pressure sensor, a pressure ball, and a pressure spring, wherein the average spiral diameter of the pressure spring is smaller than the diameter of the pressure ball; multiple groups of trigger modules are connected by an OR gate circuit to prevent a single trigger module from being damaged and affecting The whole detection device works normally.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的移动机构,通过滚珠丝杠机构将电机的回转运动转化为工作台直线运动的精密机械装置,滚珠丝杠使得叶片每段的检测都衔接地非常紧密,检测过程非常的平稳,由于滚珠丝杠具有传动的可逆性,所以检测完毕后采用快退,使用这种高精密的机械装置会使得检测误差大大减小。The moving mechanism of the fan blade damage synchronous detection device is a precision mechanical device that converts the rotary motion of the motor into the linear motion of the workbench through the ball screw mechanism. The ball screw makes the detection of each section of the blade very closely connected. , The detection process is very stable. Because the ball screw has the reversibility of transmission, it uses fast rewind after the detection. Using this high-precision mechanical device will greatly reduce the detection error.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的圆环采集机构,包括多台红外成像仪、红外闪光灯激励源调节系统与圆环基体。所述红外闪光灯激励源调节系统之间均匀安置在圆环基体上,多台红外成像仪均匀分布于红外闪光灯激励源调节系统之间的圆环基体上。The ring acquisition mechanism of a fan blade damage synchronous detection device includes a plurality of infrared imagers, an infrared flash lamp excitation source adjustment system and a ring base. The infrared flashlight excitation source adjustment systems are evenly arranged on the circular base body, and multiple infrared imagers are evenly distributed on the circular ring base body between the infrared flashlight excitation source adjustment systems.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的圆环采集机构,其中激励源选择红外灯泡,因为红外灯的热转换效率和加热效率高,并且启动效率高,可以在较短时间内辐射达到最高值,不会造成灯泡关闭后继续辐射的影响。In the circular acquisition mechanism of the fan blade damage synchronous detection device, the excitation source is an infrared bulb, because the infrared lamp has high heat conversion efficiency and heating efficiency, and has high start-up efficiency, and the radiation can reach the highest level in a short period of time. value, without the effect of continuing to radiate after the lamp is turned off.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的红外闪光灯激励源,单个脉冲红外闪光激励源在被检工件表面上产生温度场具有以激励源对应点为中心向四周递减的特点,偶数套脉冲红外闪光激励源同时对工件加热,脉冲红外闪光激励源的辐射会相互叠加,可减小由脉冲红外闪光激励源产生的热波温度。同理,如果采用四个、六个或者多个脉冲红外闪光激励源进行有规律的排布,则不仅会大大提高热波辐射的空间范围和一次检测面积,提高温升的时间梯度,还能更有效的减小空间梯度,这有利于对物体内部缺陷的探伤和提高检测效率。In the infrared flash lamp excitation source of the fan blade damage synchronous detection device, the temperature field generated by a single pulse infrared flash excitation source on the surface of the inspected workpiece has the characteristics of decreasing from the center to the surrounding point corresponding to the excitation source. Even sets of pulse infrared flash The flash excitation source heats the workpiece at the same time, and the radiation of the pulsed infrared flash excitation source will be superimposed on each other, which can reduce the heat wave temperature generated by the pulse infrared flash excitation source. Similarly, if four, six or more pulsed infrared flash excitation sources are used for regular arrangement, it will not only greatly increase the spatial range of thermal wave radiation and the primary detection area, increase the time gradient of temperature rise, but also It can reduce the spatial gradient more effectively, which is beneficial to the flaw detection of internal defects of the object and improves the detection efficiency.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的红外闪光灯激励源调节系统,通过调节激励源的高度与角度来使激励源适应所测叶片不同部位的曲面变化,使激励源离叶片的距离保持在550mm-650mm范围内;通过调节激励源的激励频率来适应叶片不同部位厚度的变化。The infrared flashlight excitation source adjustment system of the fan blade damage synchronous detection device adjusts the height and angle of the excitation source to make the excitation source adapt to the curved surface changes of different parts of the measured blade, so that the distance between the excitation source and the blade is kept at Within the range of 550mm-650mm; adjust the excitation frequency of the excitation source to adapt to the change of the thickness of different parts of the blade.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的红外闪光灯激励源调节系统,高度与角度调节装置包括距离与角度检测模块、微处理器模块、舵机、电动伸缩杆,距离与角度检测模块将红外闪光灯激励源距检测表面的距离与舵机实时的角度参数传递给微处理器模块,经处理器经分析计算得出激励最优调节参数,通过调节舵机与轻质电动伸缩杆,改善激励源之间由于角度与位置原因引起的温度场空间梯度较大、均匀性差等的缺点,一方面可以大大改善以上缺点,另一方面可以提高热波辐射的空间范围和一次检测面积。The infrared flashlight excitation source adjustment system of the fan blade damage synchronous detection device, the height and angle adjustment device includes a distance and angle detection module, a microprocessor module, a steering gear, an electric telescopic rod, and the distance and angle detection module converts the infrared The distance between the flashlight excitation source and the detection surface and the real-time angle parameters of the steering gear are transmitted to the microprocessor module. After analysis and calculation by the processor, the optimal adjustment parameters of the excitation are obtained. By adjusting the steering gear and the light electric telescopic rod, the excitation source is improved. The disadvantages of large spatial gradient and poor uniformity of the temperature field caused by the angle and position, on the one hand, can greatly improve the above shortcomings, on the other hand, it can increase the spatial range of thermal wave radiation and the primary detection area.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的红外闪光灯激励源调节系统对激励频率的调节,频率调节装置包括任意信号发生器、放大器,信息处理单元根据叶片数据库里的叶片厚度参数,选择适当的频率将指令发送至任意信号发生器,任意信号发生器通过放大器将信号发给红外闪光激励源,通过采用不同频率的红外闪光激励源来与风机叶片不同部位的厚度相匹配,不同的激励频率可以探测不同深度的损伤,当频率高时,有利于探测表面损伤。频率低时,可探测较深损伤,为三维热成像提供不同方向的二维红外热成像图,最终通过信息处理单元构建叶片的红外三维热像图分析判断。The infrared flash light excitation source adjustment system of the fan blade damage synchronous detection device adjusts the excitation frequency. The frequency adjustment device includes an arbitrary signal generator and an amplifier. The information processing unit selects an appropriate one according to the blade thickness parameters in the blade database. The frequency sends the command to any signal generator, and the arbitrary signal generator sends the signal to the infrared flash excitation source through the amplifier. By using different frequency infrared flash excitation sources to match the thickness of different parts of the fan blade, different excitation frequencies can be Detect damage at different depths, when the frequency is high, it is beneficial to detect surface damage. When the frequency is low, it can detect deep damage, provide two-dimensional infrared thermal imaging images in different directions for three-dimensional thermal imaging, and finally construct the infrared three-dimensional thermal image analysis and judgment of the blade through the information processing unit.

所述的一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置的选用材料,所诉机构均采用弯曲和压缩强度均在500Mpa以上,相对密度在1.0-1.5之间的高强度轻质材料;所述多组移动机构、所述圆环集机构的数量与风机叶片的数量相同。The materials selected for the synchronous detection device for damage to fan blades are all high-strength and lightweight materials with a bending and compressive strength of more than 500Mpa and a relative density between 1.0 and 1.5; the multiple sets of moving mechanisms , The number of the ring set mechanism is the same as the number of fan blades.

本发明的有益效果在于风机叶片的在线的检测;风机叶片不同的曲面,厚度存在差异,该检测装置具有适应叶片曲面、厚度变化的激励源调节系统;可实现风力叶片红外三维热像图的构建,通过三维红外热像图可以形象直观地找出缺陷所在之处;具有自动化程度高、适应性强、检测效率高等优点。The beneficial effect of the present invention lies in the online detection of fan blades; different curved surfaces of fan blades have differences in thickness, and the detection device has an excitation source adjustment system that adapts to blade curved surfaces and thickness changes; it can realize the construction of three-dimensional infrared thermal images of wind blades , Through the three-dimensional infrared thermal image, the location of the defect can be found visually and intuitively; it has the advantages of high degree of automation, strong adaptability, and high detection efficiency.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的整体装配示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention.

图2为本发明的圆环采集机构示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circular collection mechanism of the present invention.

图3为本发明的同步机构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism of the present invention.

图4为本发明的同步机构触发模块局部示意图。Fig. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of the synchronization mechanism trigger module of the present invention.

图5为本发明的推进机构示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the propulsion mechanism of the present invention.

图6为本发明的起升机构示意图。Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下将配合附图及实施例来详细说明本发明的实施方式,藉此对本发明如何应用技术手段来解决技术问题并达成技术功效的实现过程能充分理解并据以实施。The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, so as to fully understand and implement the implementation process of how to use technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects in the present invention.

如图1所示,为一种风机叶片损伤同步检测装置整体装配示意图,包括起升机构1、推进机构2、同步机构3、移动机构4、圆环采集机构5、移动工作台6、联接件7、信息处理单元8;所述起升机构1与所述推进机构2连接;所述推进机构2与所述同步机构3活动连接;所述同步机构3上装有多组移动机构4分别与风机叶片个数相同;所述移动机构4装有移动工作台6;所述移动工作台6与圆环采集机构5通过联接件7连接。As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of a fan blade damage synchronization detection device, including a lifting mechanism 1, a propulsion mechanism 2, a synchronization mechanism 3, a moving mechanism 4, a ring collection mechanism 5, a mobile workbench 6, and a connecting piece 7. Information processing unit 8; the lifting mechanism 1 is connected to the propulsion mechanism 2; the propulsion mechanism 2 is movably connected to the synchronous mechanism 3; multiple groups of moving mechanisms 4 are mounted on the synchronous mechanism 3 to connect with the fan The number of blades is the same; the moving mechanism 4 is equipped with a mobile workbench 6;

如图2所示,圆环采集机构5包括红外热像仪51、红外闪光灯激励源调节系统52、圆环基体53、红外闪光灯激励源调节系统52包括红外激励源闪光灯521、距离与角度检测模块522、激励源支座523、舵机524、电动伸缩杆525、任意信号发生器526、放大器527、圆环基体53;所述红外闪光灯激励源521固定在所述激励源支座523,激励源支座523的径向角度与轴向分别由所述舵机524、所述电动伸缩杆525的伸缩端与激励源支座523连接,所述红外热像仪51与所述电动伸缩杆525的固定端配合安装在圆环基体53内侧,圆环基体53通过连接件7与工作台6链接。As shown in Figure 2, the ring collection mechanism 5 includes an infrared thermal imager 51, an infrared flash lamp excitation source adjustment system 52, a ring base 53, an infrared flash lamp excitation source adjustment system 52 includes an infrared excitation source flash lamp 521, and a distance and angle detection module 522, excitation source support 523, steering gear 524, electric telescopic rod 525, arbitrary signal generator 526, amplifier 527, circular base 53; described infrared flash lamp excitation source 521 is fixed on described excitation source support 523, and excitation source The radial angle and axial direction of the support 523 are respectively connected by the steering gear 524, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 525 and the excitation source support 523, and the thermal imager 51 and the electric telescopic rod 525 The fixed end is mounted on the inner side of the circular base body 53 , and the circular ring base body 53 is linked with the workbench 6 through the connecting piece 7 .

如图3所示,同步机构3的装配示意图,包括同步机构基体31、智能锁紧装置32、传感器33、对中检测模块34,同步机构3通过同步机构基体31与智能锁紧装置32将检测装置与风机锁紧,同步机构基体31通过与风机轮毂外壳相配合的风机叶凹型结构进行径向约束,智能锁紧装置32完成轴向约束锁紧;对中检测装置检测同步机构基体中轴线与风机轮毂外壳轴线重合,传感器感应推送机构推送检测到位;智能锁紧装置32包括锁舌321、触发模块322、减速机构323、驱动电机324、控制器325、传动机构326;如图4所示,同步机构触发模块322局部示意图,所述触发模块包括压力传感器3221、压力弹簧3222、压力球3223,其平均螺旋直径小于球直径;多组触发模块322采用或门电路连接;所述触发模块322触发所述驱动电机324的转动,所述减速机构323完成所述驱动电机324与所述传动机构326之间的动力传输,所述传动机构326驱动所述锁舌321来执行智能锁紧装置32的开关。As shown in Figure 3, the assembly schematic diagram of synchronous mechanism 3, comprises synchronous mechanism substrate 31, intelligent locking device 32, sensor 33, centering detection module 34, synchronous mechanism 3 will detect by synchronous mechanism substrate 31 and intelligent locking device 32 The device is locked with the fan, the synchronous mechanism base 31 is radially restrained by the fan blade concave structure matched with the fan hub shell, and the intelligent locking device 32 completes the axial restraint locking; the centering detection device detects the axis of the synchronous mechanism base and The axis of the fan hub shell coincides, and the sensor sensing push mechanism pushes and detects it in place; the intelligent locking device 32 includes a lock tongue 321, a trigger module 322, a reduction mechanism 323, a drive motor 324, a controller 325, and a transmission mechanism 326; as shown in Figure 4, Synchronization mechanism trigger module 322 partial schematic diagram, described trigger module comprises pressure sensor 3221, pressure spring 3222, pressure ball 3223, and its average spiral diameter is less than ball diameter; Multiple groups of trigger modules 322 adopt OR gate circuit connection; Described trigger module 322 triggers With the rotation of the driving motor 324, the reduction mechanism 323 completes the power transmission between the driving motor 324 and the transmission mechanism 326, and the transmission mechanism 326 drives the locking tongue 321 to execute the locking action of the intelligent locking device 32. switch.

如图5所示,所述推进机构2,所述推进机构为机构起升机构1与同步机构3的中间连接机构,通过液压杆的伸缩控制着同步机构3的智能锁紧装置32的开闭。As shown in Figure 5, the propulsion mechanism 2, which is the intermediate connection mechanism between the mechanism lifting mechanism 1 and the synchronous mechanism 3, controls the opening and closing of the intelligent locking device 32 of the synchronous mechanism 3 through the expansion and contraction of the hydraulic rod .

如图6所示,所述起升机构1的起升机构,包括举升模块11、箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12、底座13所述举升模块包括三角臂111、拉杆112、液压缸总成113,所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12由多节臂套接而成;三角臂111与拉杆112都是对称布置的,三角臂111下端与底座13前端铰接,拉杆112下端与所述三角臂111上端铰接,拉杆112上端与所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12铰接,所述液压缸总成113的上端与所述箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12铰接,下端与所述三角臂111中部铰接。As shown in Figure 6, the lifting mechanism of the lifting mechanism 1 includes a lifting module 11, a box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm 12, and a base 13. The lifting module includes a triangular arm 111, a pull rod 112, and a hydraulic cylinder assembly. 113, the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm 12 is formed by socketing of multi-section arms; the triangular arm 111 and the pull rod 112 are arranged symmetrically, the lower end of the triangular arm 111 is hinged to the front end of the base 13, and the lower end of the pull rod 112 is connected to the triangular arm The upper end of 111 is hinged, the upper end of pull rod 112 is hinged with the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm 12, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 113 is hinged with the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm 12, and the lower end is hinged with the middle of the triangular arm 111.

起升机构起升过程:起升机构1的举升模块11启动,举升模块11的举升角由0°举升至90°,使得箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12从平行地面的初始位置举升至平行风机塔的竖直位置,箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12伸长,待位于同步机构3中轴线上的对中检测模块33检测到同步机构基体31中轴线与风机轮毂外壳轴线的重合时,箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12停止伸长。The lifting process of the lifting mechanism: the lifting module 11 of the lifting mechanism 1 is started, and the lifting angle of the lifting module 11 is lifted from 0° to 90°, so that the box-shaped elliptical telescopic boom 12 is lifted from the initial position parallel to the ground. Raised to the vertical position of the parallel fan tower, the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm 12 is extended, and when the centering detection module 33 located on the central axis of the synchronous mechanism 3 detects that the central axis of the synchronous mechanism base 31 coincides with the axis of the fan hub shell , the box-type elliptical telescopic arm 12 stops extending.

检测装置同步的过程:推进机构2的液压杆伸长,沿风机轮毂外壳轴线方向推送检测装置,待风机轮毂外壳触发同步机构凹槽底部的传感器33,推送机构2停止推送,推送过程中推送机构2的伸长端与同步机构3的压力球3223始终接触,智能锁紧装置32的锁舌321处于开锁状态;待风机轮毂外壳触发同步机构凹槽底部的传感器33,推送机构2停止推送,同时触发智能锁紧装置32,压力弹簧3222将压力球3223弹回,压力传感器3221将此时的压力信号传给控制器325,控制器325控制驱动电机324转动,减速机构323将驱动电机324的动力传递给传动机构326,智能锁紧装置的锁舌321闭合,最终同步机构3完成对检测装置与风机的径向与轴向的约束。The synchronization process of the detection device: the hydraulic rod of the propulsion mechanism 2 is extended, and the detection device is pushed along the axial direction of the fan hub shell. When the fan hub shell triggers the sensor 33 at the bottom of the groove of the synchronization mechanism, the push mechanism 2 stops pushing, and the push mechanism The extension end of 2 is always in contact with the pressure ball 3223 of the synchronization mechanism 3, and the dead bolt 321 of the intelligent locking device 32 is in an unlocked state; when the fan hub shell triggers the sensor 33 at the bottom of the groove of the synchronization mechanism, the push mechanism 2 stops pushing, and at the same time Trigger the intelligent locking device 32, the pressure spring 3222 will bounce the pressure ball 3223, the pressure sensor 3221 will transmit the pressure signal at this time to the controller 325, the controller 325 controls the rotation of the drive motor 324, and the speed reduction mechanism 323 will drive the power of the drive motor 324 The transmission is transmitted to the transmission mechanism 326, the lock tongue 321 of the intelligent locking device is closed, and finally the synchronous mechanism 3 completes the radial and axial constraints on the detection device and the fan.

移动机构运行:通过滚珠丝杠机构来驱动工作台6的移动,移动机构4将圆环采集机构5由初始的移动机构4末端传送至风机叶片的翼尖处,移动机构4以285mm-400mm的单次进给范围距离向叶根方向传动,直至传送到叶片叶根。Operation of the moving mechanism: the movement of the workbench 6 is driven by the ball screw mechanism, and the moving mechanism 4 transmits the ring collection mechanism 5 from the end of the initial moving mechanism 4 to the wingtip of the fan blade. The single feed range distance is transmitted to the root of the blade until it is transmitted to the root of the blade.

红外闪光灯激励源调节系统调节激励源高度与角度过程:距离与角度检测模块522将红外闪光灯激励源521距检测表面的距离与舵机524实时的角度参数传递给处理单元8,经处理单元8经分析计算得出激励调节的高度与角度,通过红外闪光灯激励源调节系统52的舵机524与电动伸缩杆525,将红外闪光灯激励源521距被测风机叶片之间的距离通过电动伸缩杆525调节至550mm-650mm,通过调节舵机524的角度来改变红外闪光灯激励源524之间的叠加区,通过红外闪光灯激励调节系统52来改善红外闪光灯激励源521之间由于角度与高度原因引起的温度场空间梯度较大、均匀性差等的缺点,一方面可以大大改善以上缺点,另一方面可以提高热波辐射的空间范围和一次检测面积。The infrared flashlight excitation source adjustment system adjusts the height and angle process of the excitation source: the distance and angle detection module 522 transmits the distance between the infrared flashlight excitation source 521 and the real-time angle parameters of the steering gear 524 to the processing unit 8, and the processing unit 8 passes Analyze and calculate the height and angle of the excitation adjustment, through the steering gear 524 and the electric telescopic rod 525 of the infrared flash lamp excitation source adjustment system 52, the distance between the infrared flash lamp excitation source 521 and the blade of the fan under test is adjusted through the electric telescopic rod 525 To 550mm-650mm, by adjusting the angle of the steering gear 524 to change the overlapping area between the infrared flashlight excitation sources 524, through the infrared flashlight excitation adjustment system 52 to improve the temperature field between the infrared flashlight excitation sources 521 due to angle and height The shortcomings of large spatial gradient and poor uniformity can be greatly improved on the one hand, and on the other hand, the spatial range of thermal wave radiation and the primary detection area can be increased.

红外闪光灯激励源调节系统调节激励频率过程:信息处理单元8通过数据库中叶片的厚度参数选择适宜的激励频率,信息处理单元8向任意信号发生器526发送所需的频率的指令,任意信号发生器526将信号发送至放大器527,放大器527再将最终信号传送至红外闪光灯激励源521,红外闪光灯激励源521的激励频率来适应所测风机叶片的厚度,从而使得红外热像仪51所采集到的热成像图为不同厚度部位的损伤的二维热像图。Infrared flash lamp excitation source adjustment system adjusts the excitation frequency process: the information processing unit 8 selects the appropriate excitation frequency through the thickness parameters of the blades in the database, and the information processing unit 8 sends the instruction of the required frequency to the arbitrary signal generator 526, and the arbitrary signal generator 526 sends the signal to the amplifier 527, and the amplifier 527 transmits the final signal to the infrared flash lamp excitation source 521, and the excitation frequency of the infrared flash lamp excitation source 521 adapts to the thickness of the measured fan blade, so that the infrared thermal imager 51 collects The thermal image is a two-dimensional thermal image of damage at different thicknesses.

风机叶片红外三维图像的建立过程:多组红外成像仪51完成叶片的同一部位多方向的红外二维热像图的采集,采样频率设为5Hz-10Hz,采集时间为90s,采集得到的叶片图像数据传送至信息处理单元8;经过信息处理单元8图像处理单元的数字图象处理算法对这些热像图进行像素级的处理和辨认,找出大量特点;使用匹配算法对不同热像图上的大量特点进行匹配,找出不同热像图上的哪些点是同一个点;构建场景坐标系,通过解高次方程组等方法反演推算每张热像图对应的采集位置和角度(三维),即对每张热像图拍摄时的热像仪进行定位;最后根据热像仪的相对空间坐标和方向和同名点数据,利用丈量学算法求出所有同名点的空间三维坐标;大量同名点构成点云,再将点连接起来构成面,最后把热像图贴在面上,构成红外三维热像模型,这样叶片的损伤的大小与位置就非常直观的显示出来了。The establishment process of the infrared three-dimensional image of the fan blade: multiple sets of infrared imagers 51 complete the acquisition of infrared two-dimensional thermal images of the same part of the blade in multiple directions, the sampling frequency is set to 5Hz-10Hz, and the acquisition time is 90s. The acquired blade image The data is sent to the information processing unit 8; through the digital image processing algorithm of the image processing unit of the information processing unit 8, these thermal images are processed and identified at the pixel level to find out a large number of features; Match a large number of features to find out which points on different thermal images are the same point; construct a scene coordinate system, and invert and calculate the acquisition position and angle (three-dimensional) corresponding to each thermal image by solving high-order equations and other methods , that is, to locate the thermal imager when each thermal image is taken; finally, according to the relative spatial coordinates and directions of the thermal imager and the data of the same-named points, use the metrology algorithm to find the spatial three-dimensional coordinates of all the same-named points; a large number of identical-named points Form a point cloud, then connect the points to form a surface, and finally paste the thermal image on the surface to form an infrared three-dimensional thermal image model, so that the size and position of the leaf damage can be displayed very intuitively.

装置复位过程:由移动机构4将圆环采集机构5快退至移动机构4末端的初始位置,推进机构2伸长至与同步机构3配合孔内触发智能锁紧装置32开锁,收回检测装置,起升机构1通过箱型椭圆式伸缩臂12出发与举升模块11将检测装置复位于初始的水平位置。Device reset process: the moving mechanism 4 quickly rewinds the ring collection mechanism 5 to the initial position at the end of the moving mechanism 4, and the propulsion mechanism 2 is extended to match the synchronous mechanism 3 to trigger the unlocking of the intelligent locking device 32, and retract the detection device. The lifting mechanism 1 starts with the box-shaped elliptical telescopic arm 12 and the lifting module 11 to reset the detection device to the initial horizontal position.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of fan blade damages sync detection device, which is characterized in that including lifting mechanism, propulsive mechanism, lazy-tongs, Mobile mechanism, annulus collecting mechanism, information process unit;The lifting mechanism is by lifting module and box elliptic telescopic arm group At the lifting mechanism is connect with the propulsive mechanism;The propulsive mechanism is flexibly connected with lazy-tongs;The lazy-tongs Upper that multigroup mobile mechanism is housed, mobile mechanism's number is identical as fan blade number;The mobile mechanism is equipped with mobile work platform; The mobile work platform is connect with annulus collecting mechanism;Information process unit is with annulus collecting mechanism by being wirelessly attached.
2. fan blade damage check synchronizing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lazy-tongs include Lazy-tongs matrix, intelligent locking apparatus;The intelligent locking apparatus includes lock tongue, transmission mechanism, deceleration mechanism, driving electricity Machine, multigroup trigger module;Multigroup trigger module includes pressure sensor, pressure ball, compression spring, wherein the pressure bullet Spring average helical diameter is less than the diameter of pressure ball;The trigger module is connected using OR circuit;The trigger module triggering The rotation of the driving motor, the deceleration mechanism realize the power transmission between the driving motor and the transmission mechanism, The transmission mechanism drives lock tongue to execute the switch of intelligent locking apparatus;The planform of the lazy-tongs matrix constrains The radial degree of freedom of detection device and wind turbine;The planform of the lazy-tongs matrix and intelligent locking apparatus are by detection device Together with wind turbine Complete Bind so that device detection is synchronous with blower fan work arrival.
3. fan blade according to claim 1 damages sync detection device, which is characterized in that the annulus collecting mechanism Including infrared thermoviewer, infrared flashlight driving source regulating system and annulus matrix, wherein infrared thermoviewer, infrared flashlight swashs It is multigroup to encourage source regulating system quantity;It is uniformly placed on annulus matrix between the infrared flashlight driving source regulating system, The more infrared thermoviewers are uniformly distributed in the annulus matrix between the infrared flashlight driving source regulating system;It is described red Outer flash lamp driving source regulating system carries out height, angle, frequency to infrared flashlight and adjusts;The regulating system to height, The regulating device of angle includes distance and Angle Measurement Module, microprocessor module, driving source bearing, steering engine, electric telescopic rod; The distance is located at Angle Measurement Module on driving source bearing, and axial length and the radial angle of the driving source bearing are distinguished It is adjusted by the electric telescopic rod and the steering engine, the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is connect with the excitation bearing, described The fixing end of thermal infrared imager and the electric telescopic rod coordinates and on the annulus matrix;The regulating system is to frequency The regulating device of rate includes arbitrarily signal generating device, amplifier, the input terminal of the arbitrarily signal generating device at described information Unit connection is managed, output end is connect with the amplifier, and the amplifier other end is connect with the infrared flare driving source;Institute Annulus matrix is stated to connect by chaining part and the workbench of mobile mechanism;The reception and transmitting of above equipment information are all to pass through nothing Line come complete transmission.
4. fan blade according to claim 1 damages sync detection device, which is characterized in that the hydraulic-feed mechanism Extension and contraction control described in lazy-tongs locking.
5. fan blade according to claim 1 damages sync detection device, which is characterized in that the mobile mechanism uses Ball screw framework converts the rotary motion of motor in the precision machinery device of workbench linear motion.
6. fan blade failed synchronization detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the lifting mechanism is by lifting Rising mould block and box elliptic telescopic arm composition, the lifting module includes Triangular Arm, pull rod, hydraulic cylinder assembly;Triangular Arm with Pull rod is to be arranged symmetrically, and the Triangular Arm lower end is hinged with pan frontward end, and the pull rod lower end is cut with scissors with the Triangular Arm upper end It connects, the pull rod upper end is hinged with the box elliptic telescopic arm, and the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly and the box are oval Formula telescopic arm is hinged, and lower end is equal to single with the hinged box elliptic telescopic arm single-unit telescopic arm overall length in the middle part of the Triangular Arm The sum of extended length and nested lengths are saved, nested parts of the single-unit telescopic arm in previous section telescopic arm are according to the minimum lap of splice Principle is chosen, and elongation selectes according to the elasticity modulus of selected materials with Poisson's ratio;On the box elliptic telescopic arm End connection propulsive mechanism.
7. fan blade according to claim 1 damages sync detection device, which is characterized in that described information processing unit In include the infrared three-dimensional thermography unit of two-dimensional infrared thermography structure, driving source parameter processing unit.
8. fan blade damage inspection sync detection device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mechanism is all made of Bending and compressive strength are in 500Mpa or more, high strength light material of the relative density between 1.0-1.5;Multigroup shifting Motivation structure, the quantity of the annulus collecting mechanism are identical as the quantity of fan blade.
CN201810106452.6A 2018-02-02 2018-02-02 A kind of fan blade damage sync detection device Withdrawn CN108343562A (en)

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CN108386323A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-08-10 长沙理工大学 A kind of fan blade damage sync detection device and method
CN111350917A (en) * 2020-03-18 2020-06-30 张红宾 Wind power detection device for civil engineering construction
CN112727693A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-04-30 温州思本德建筑工程有限公司 Wind power generation tower and using method

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CN108386323A (en) * 2018-02-02 2018-08-10 长沙理工大学 A kind of fan blade damage sync detection device and method
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CN112727693A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-04-30 温州思本德建筑工程有限公司 Wind power generation tower and using method

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Application publication date: 20180731