CN108341556A - A kind of advanced treatment of wastewater and the system and method for acid-basic regenerated waste liquids in water reuse - Google Patents
A kind of advanced treatment of wastewater and the system and method for acid-basic regenerated waste liquids in water reuse Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于污水处理技术领域,涉及一种废液回用的系统及方法,具体涉及一种污水深度处理及树脂再生废液回用的系统及方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and relates to a system and method for recycling waste liquid, in particular to a system and method for advanced sewage treatment and resin regeneration waste liquid reuse.
背景技术Background technique
随着城市建设和工业的发展,生活污水和工业废水产生量也在不断地增加。我国绝大部分污水处理厂常规采用生化工艺处理污水,虽然出水可达到一级A或一级B标准,然而尾水中残留的污染物如COD、BOD、SS、氨氮、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)等微量污染物均对人体健康和周边环境产生较大隐患。为最大限度消除这些污染物质,同时为了响应国家出台的更加严格的污水排放政策,急需在寻求经济最优化的基础上,研究开发相应深度水处理工艺。With the development of urban construction and industry, the amount of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater is also increasing. Most of the sewage treatment plants in my country routinely use biochemical processes to treat sewage. Although the effluent can reach the first-class A or first-class B standard, the residual pollutants in the tail water such as COD, BOD, SS, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen (TN), and total Phosphorus (TP) and other trace pollutants have great hidden dangers to human health and the surrounding environment. In order to eliminate these pollutants to the greatest extent, and in response to the more stringent sewage discharge policy issued by the country, it is urgent to research and develop corresponding advanced water treatment processes on the basis of seeking economic optimization.
目前针对市政污水厂的深度处理工艺,去除COD主要有生化法:湿地、氧化塘,物理法:微滤、超滤、纳滤、反渗透、活性炭吸附;去除TN主要有生化法:反硝化,化学法:电解法、氧化还原;物理吸附法:大孔脱氮树脂;去除氨氮主要有生化法:接触氧化法、活性污泥法等。At present, for the advanced treatment process of municipal sewage plants, there are mainly biochemical methods for COD removal: wetlands, oxidation ponds, physical methods: microfiltration, ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis, activated carbon adsorption; biochemical methods for TN removal: denitrification, Chemical methods: electrolysis, redox; physical adsorption: macroporous denitrification resin; biochemical methods for ammonia nitrogen removal: contact oxidation, activated sludge, etc.
生化法进行反硝化存在碳源不足的问题,且必须保证足够长的水力停留时间才能达到去除氨氮的效果,且生化处理法占地面积较大,不适用于现场有严格用地限制的系统;物理过滤法可有效去除SS,但仅依靠微滤、超滤工艺难以降低COD,纳滤或反渗透则成本较高;活性炭可有效吸附废水中的有机污染物,能满足COD的排放要求,但大规模使用将会面临再生及处置问题,氧化还原法脱氮会产生副产物,恐造成二次污染;电解脱氮存在脱氮效率低、能耗大等问题。Biochemical denitrification has the problem of insufficient carbon source, and must ensure a long enough hydraulic retention time to achieve the effect of removing ammonia nitrogen, and the biochemical treatment method occupies a large area, which is not suitable for systems with strict land use restrictions on site; Filtration can effectively remove SS, but it is difficult to reduce COD only by microfiltration and ultrafiltration, and the cost of nanofiltration or reverse osmosis is high; activated carbon can effectively absorb organic pollutants in wastewater and meet the COD discharge requirements, but Large-scale use will face regeneration and disposal problems. Redox denitrification will produce by-products, which may cause secondary pollution; electrolytic denitrification has problems such as low denitrification efficiency and high energy consumption.
现阶段正逐渐发展起来的粉末活性炭膜生物反应器,在反应器中集活性炭吸附、生物活性炭、微生物生化降解、曝气增氧、膜分离多种功能为一体,可去除COD、氨氮、胶体及悬浮物。大孔脱氮树脂吸附法技术成熟、脱氮效率高、自动化运行程度高,但吸附饱和的树脂需定期再生,再生废液含有较高浓度的氯离子和硝酸根离子,如不及时处理将对环境造成二次污染。若无法有效地解决树脂再生废液的处置难题,大孔脱氮树脂吸附法就很难在污水脱氮领域推广及应用。The powder activated carbon membrane bioreactor, which is gradually developing at this stage, integrates the functions of activated carbon adsorption, biological activated carbon, microbial biochemical degradation, aeration and oxygenation, and membrane separation in the reactor, which can remove COD, ammonia nitrogen, colloid and suspended solids. The macroporous denitrification resin adsorption method has mature technology, high denitrification efficiency, and high degree of automatic operation, but the saturated resin needs to be regenerated regularly, and the regeneration waste liquid contains relatively high concentrations of chloride ions and nitrate ions. The environment causes secondary pollution. If the disposal problem of resin regeneration waste liquid cannot be effectively solved, it will be difficult to popularize and apply the macroporous denitrification resin adsorption method in the field of sewage denitrification.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决上述的技术问题,本发明提供了一种污水深度处理及树脂再生废液回用的系统及方法。In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a system and method for advanced sewage treatment and resin regeneration waste liquid reuse.
本发明的系统所采用的技术方案是:一种污水深度处理及树脂再生废液回用的系统,其特征在于:包括生化池、沉淀池、粉末活性炭膜生物反应器、树脂罐、废液收集池、反硝化池、硝化池、污泥浓缩池;The technical scheme adopted by the system of the present invention is: a system for advanced sewage treatment and resin regeneration waste liquid reuse, which is characterized in that it includes a biochemical tank, a sedimentation tank, a powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor, a resin tank, and waste liquid collection pool, denitrification pool, nitrification pool, sludge thickening pool;
污水厂进水经预处理后,首先进入所述生化池,通过活性污泥中微生物的作用降解污染物,泥水混合液通过沉淀池固液分离,污泥排至所述污泥浓缩池,出水进入所述粉末活性炭膜生物反应器,投加一定量的粉末活性炭,进一步吸附难降解的污染物及色度物质,活性炭浆在所述粉末活性炭膜生物反应器内循环累积,定期少量排至所述污泥浓缩池,出水流入所述树脂罐,通过专性硝酸根离子交换树脂的作用,脱除污水中的硝酸根,降低出水总氮,出水达标排放实现了污水深度处理;After the influent water of the sewage plant is pretreated, it first enters the biochemical tank, and the pollutants are degraded by the action of microorganisms in the activated sludge. Enter the powder activated carbon membrane bioreactor, add a certain amount of powder activated carbon, and further absorb refractory pollutants and chromatic substances. In the sludge concentration tank, the effluent flows into the resin tank, and through the action of the specific nitrate ion exchange resin, the nitrate in the sewage is removed, the total nitrogen in the effluent is reduced, and the effluent reaches the standard discharge to realize the advanced treatment of sewage;
所述树脂罐内树脂吸附饱和后需用氯化钠溶液再生,形成的废液集中收集至所述废液收集池,之后进入所述反硝化池进行反硝化,在缺氧条件下通过反硝化细菌作用去除废液中的硝态氮,出水进入所述硝化池,在好氧条件下通过硝化细菌作用发生硝化反应,进一步降低氨氮、CODcr含量,所述硝化池出水混合液首先回流至所述反硝化池,所述硝化池最终流出的泥水混合液全部回流至所述生化池,实现了树脂再生废液的回用。After the resin in the resin tank is saturated with adsorption, it needs to be regenerated with sodium chloride solution, and the waste liquid formed is collected in the waste liquid collection pool, and then enters the denitrification pool for denitrification, and denitrification is carried out under anoxic conditions. The nitrate nitrogen in the waste liquid is removed by bacteria, and the effluent enters the nitrification tank, and the nitrification reaction occurs through the action of nitrifying bacteria under aerobic conditions, further reducing the content of ammonia nitrogen and CODcr, and the effluent mixture of the nitrification tank first flows back to the In the denitrification tank, the mud-water mixture that finally flows out of the nitrification tank is all returned to the biochemical tank, realizing the reuse of the resin regeneration waste liquid.
所述方法所采用的技术方案是:一种污水深度处理及树脂再生废液回用的方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:The technical solution adopted in the method is: a method for advanced sewage treatment and resin regeneration waste liquid reuse, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
步骤1:以污水厂预处理出水为系统进水,首先进入生化池,通过活性污泥中微生物的作用降解污染物,泥水混合液通过沉淀池固液分离,污泥排至污泥浓缩池,出水进入粉末活性炭膜生物反应器;Step 1: The pretreatment effluent of the sewage plant is used as the system inlet water, first enters the biochemical tank, and degrades pollutants through the action of microorganisms in the activated sludge. The mud-water mixture is separated from the solid and liquid in the sedimentation tank, and the sludge is discharged to the sludge concentration tank. The effluent enters the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor;
步骤2:向粉末活性炭膜生物反应器内投加一定比例的粉末活性炭,进一步吸附难降解的污染物及色度物质,活性炭浆在粉末活性炭膜生物反应器内循环累积,定期少量排至污泥浓缩池,出水流入树脂罐;Step 2: Add a certain proportion of powdered activated carbon to the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor to further absorb refractory pollutants and chromatic substances. The activated carbon slurry circulates and accumulates in the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor, and is regularly discharged to the sludge Concentration tank, the effluent flows into the resin tank;
步骤3:污水流经树脂罐,通过专性硝酸根离子交换树脂的作用,脱除污水中的硝酸根,降低出水总氮,出水达标排放;Step 3: The sewage flows through the resin tank, and through the action of the specific nitrate ion exchange resin, the nitrate in the sewage is removed, the total nitrogen in the effluent is reduced, and the effluent meets the discharge standard;
步骤4:吸附饱和的树脂采用4.0%~5.0%的NaCl溶液进行脱附再生,再生形成的废液收集至废液收集池,之后进入反硝化池进行反硝化,在缺氧条件下投加碳源,通过反硝化细菌作用去除废液中的硝态氮,将其转化为N2脱除,出水进入硝化池;Step 4: The adsorbed saturated resin is desorbed and regenerated with 4.0% to 5.0% NaCl solution, and the waste liquid formed by regeneration is collected into the waste liquid collection pool, and then enters the denitrification pool for denitrification, and carbon is added under anoxic conditions. Source, remove the nitrate nitrogen in the waste liquid through the action of denitrifying bacteria, convert it into N 2 for removal, and the effluent enters the nitrification tank;
步骤5:在硝化池内,在好氧条件下通过硝化细菌作用发生硝化反应,进一步降低氨氮、CODcr含量,硝化池出水混合液首先回流至反硝化池,硝化池最终流出的泥水混合液全部回流至原生化池,实现了树脂再生废液的回用。Step 5: In the nitrification tank, under aerobic conditions, the nitrification reaction occurs through the action of nitrifying bacteria to further reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen and CODcr. The primary chemical pool realizes the reuse of resin regeneration waste liquid.
本发明方法具有以下特点和有益效果:采用“生化法”、“粉末活性炭”、“超滤膜法”、“树脂吸附法”相结合的方式进行污水深度处理,在粉末活性炭膜生物反应器内,通过大量曝气,粉末活性炭可有效吸附难降解的有机污染物和色度物质,并降低氨氮,通过浸没式超滤膜组件过滤,将活性炭粉、悬浮物、胶体等全部截留,对于出水COD、氨氮、色度、浊度去除效果显著;同时由于一部分微生物可进入活性炭内部微孔中,内部孔洞中溶解氧不足形成缺氧环境,具有一定的反硝化效果,因此粉末活性炭膜生物反应器也具有一定的硝酸盐氮脱除功能;树脂吸附离子交换脱氮法具有技术成熟、设备简单、运行管理方便、硝酸盐去除程度高、运行费用低等优点,与现有技术相比,本发明所采用的硝酸根选择性离子交换树脂,为专性硝酸根树脂,性能稳定,可以减少硫酸根离子的竞争吸附,耐有机物的污染,脱氮效率高,采用普通食盐水即可脱附再生并重复使用;采用“反硝化法—硝化法—回流至原生化池”的方式进行再生废液的处理及回用,反硝化池和硝化池内均投加高盐度下成功培养驯化的活性污泥,即使流入的再生废液中氯化钠含量较高,在一定盐度范围(氯化钠含量不超过5%)内反硝化菌和硝化菌仍可保证较高的生物活性,对硝酸盐氮、氨氮、CODcr等指标去除效果显著,硝酸盐氮反硝化的转化产物N2直接排放至大气,出水回流至原生化池使之得到了充分回用,整个树脂再生废液处理过程中不产生任何污染物的外排。整个系统具有出水水质稳定、占地面积小、脱氮效率高、出水悬浮物低、污泥量少等优点,出水可稳定达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838-2002)Ⅲ类至Ⅳ类标准。The method of the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects: the advanced treatment of sewage is carried out by using the combination of "biochemical method", "powder activated carbon", "ultrafiltration membrane method" and "resin adsorption method". , through a large amount of aeration, powdered activated carbon can effectively adsorb refractory organic pollutants and chromatic substances, and reduce ammonia nitrogen, and filter through submerged ultrafiltration membrane modules to intercept all activated carbon powder, suspended solids, colloids, etc., for effluent COD , ammonia nitrogen, chroma, and turbidity are significantly removed; at the same time, because some microorganisms can enter the micropores inside the activated carbon, the dissolved oxygen in the internal pores is insufficient to form an anoxic environment, which has a certain denitrification effect, so the powder activated carbon membrane bioreactor is also It has a certain nitrate nitrogen removal function; the resin adsorption ion exchange denitrification method has the advantages of mature technology, simple equipment, convenient operation and management, high degree of nitrate removal, and low operating cost. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of The nitrate selective ion exchange resin used is a specific nitrate resin with stable performance, can reduce the competitive adsorption of sulfate ions, is resistant to organic pollution, and has high denitrification efficiency. It can be desorbed and regenerated with ordinary salt water and repeated. Use; adopt the method of "denitrification method - nitrification method - return to the original chemical tank" to treat and reuse the regeneration waste liquid, and add activated sludge successfully cultivated and domesticated under high salinity in the denitrification tank and nitrification tank, Even if the sodium chloride content in the inflowing regeneration waste liquid is relatively high, the denitrifying bacteria and nitrifying bacteria can still ensure high biological activity within a certain salinity range (sodium chloride content is not more than 5%), and are effective against nitrate nitrogen, The removal effect of ammonia nitrogen, CODcr and other indicators is remarkable. The conversion product N2 of nitrate nitrogen denitrification is directly discharged to the atmosphere, and the effluent is returned to the primary chemical tank to make it fully reused. The entire resin regeneration waste liquid treatment process does not produce any pollution. expulsion of things. The whole system has the advantages of stable effluent quality, small footprint, high denitrification efficiency, low effluent suspended solids, and less sludge volume, etc., and the effluent can stably meet Class III to Class IV of the "Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water" (GB3838-2002) standard.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1:本发明实施例的系统结构图;Fig. 1: system structural diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
图2:本发明实施例的方法流程图。Fig. 2: Method flow chart of an embodiment of the present invention.
图中,1.生化池,2.沉淀池,3.粉末活性炭膜生物反应器,4.树脂罐,5.废液收集池,6.反硝化池,7.硝化池,8.污泥浓缩池,9.碳源罐,10.粉末活性炭投加装置,11.微孔曝气装置,12.风机。In the figure, 1. Biochemical tank, 2. Sedimentation tank, 3. Powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor, 4. Resin tank, 5. Waste liquid collection tank, 6. Denitrification tank, 7. Nitrification tank, 8. Sludge concentration Pool, 9. Carbon source tank, 10. Powder activated carbon dosing device, 11. Microporous aeration device, 12. Fan.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于本领域普通技术人员理解和实施本发明,下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述,应当理解,此处所描述的实施示例仅用于说明和解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。In order to facilitate those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the implementation examples described here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.
请见图1,本发明提供的一种污水深度处理及树脂再生废液回用的系统,包括生化池1、沉淀池2、粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3、树脂罐4、废液收集池5、反硝化池6、硝化池7、污泥浓缩池8;Please see Figure 1, a system for advanced sewage treatment and resin regeneration waste liquid reuse provided by the present invention, including a biochemical tank 1, a sedimentation tank 2, a powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3, a resin tank 4, and a waste liquid collection tank 5 , denitrification pool 6, nitrification pool 7, sludge concentration pool 8;
污水厂进水经预处理后,首先进入生化池1,通过活性污泥中微生物的作用降解污染物,泥水混合液通过沉淀池固液分离,污泥排至污泥浓缩池8,出水进入粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3,投加30~50mg/L的粉末活性炭,进一步吸附难降解的污染物及色度物质,活性炭浆在粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3内循环累积,定期少量排至污泥浓缩池8,出水流入树脂罐4,通过专性硝酸根离子交换树脂的作用,脱除污水中的硝酸根,降低出水总氮,出水达标排放实现了污水深度处理;After the influent water of the sewage plant is pretreated, it first enters the biochemical pool 1, and the pollutants are degraded by the action of microorganisms in the activated sludge. Activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3, add 30-50mg/L powdered activated carbon to further absorb refractory pollutants and chromatic substances. Concentration tank 8, the effluent flows into the resin tank 4, through the action of the specific nitrate ion exchange resin, the nitrate in the sewage is removed, the total nitrogen in the effluent is reduced, and the effluent reaches the standard discharge to realize the advanced treatment of sewage;
粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3需定期反洗、化学清洗,反洗频率为每10~15min一次,化学清洗频率为1~2个月一次;Powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3 needs regular backwashing and chemical cleaning, the frequency of backwashing is once every 10-15 minutes, and the frequency of chemical cleaning is once every 1-2 months;
树脂罐4内树脂吸附饱和后需用氯化钠溶液再生,树脂再生形成的废液中氯化钠含量为1.5%~2.5%,硝态氮含量为650~800mg/L,废液集中收集至废液收集池5,之后进入反硝化池6进行反硝化,并投加碳源,碳源折算COD用量为反硝化池7内硝酸根浓度的3~4倍,溶解氧的含量控制为0.5~1.0mg/L,污泥浓度为3000~5000mg/L,在缺氧条件下通过来源于在一定盐度下经过成功驯化的活性污泥菌群中的反硝化细菌作用去除废液中的硝态氮,出水进入硝化池7,溶解氧的含量控制为2.0~4.0mg/L,污泥浓度为3000~5000mg/L,在好氧条件下通过来源于在一定盐度下经过成功驯化的活性污泥菌群中的硝化细菌作用发生硝化反应,进一步降低氨氮、CODcr含量,硝化池7出水混合液首先回流至反硝化池6,硝化池7最终流出的泥水混合液全部回流至生化池1,实现了树脂再生废液的回用。Resin in the resin tank 4 needs to be regenerated with sodium chloride solution after adsorption and saturation. The waste liquid formed by resin regeneration has a sodium chloride content of 1.5% to 2.5%, a nitrate nitrogen content of 650 to 800 mg/L, and the waste liquid is collected in a concentrated manner. Waste liquid collection tank 5, then enters denitrification tank 6 for denitrification, and add carbon source, carbon source conversion COD amount is 3 to 4 times of nitrate concentration in denitrification tank 7, dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 0.5- 1.0mg/L, the sludge concentration is 3000-5000mg/L, under anoxic conditions, the denitrification bacteria in the activated sludge flora that have been successfully domesticated at a certain salinity are used to remove the nitrate in the waste liquid Nitrogen, the effluent enters the nitrification tank 7, the dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 2.0-4.0mg/L, the sludge concentration is 3000-5000mg/L, and the activated sewage that has been successfully domesticated at a certain salinity is passed through under aerobic conditions. The nitrifying bacteria in the mud flora act on the nitrification reaction to further reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen and CODcr. The mixed solution of the effluent from the nitrification tank 7 first flows back to the denitrification tank 6, and the final mud-water mixture from the nitrification tank 7 flows back to the biochemical tank 1 to realize Reuse of resin regeneration waste liquid.
本实施例的粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3内设有浸没式超滤膜组件,膜材质为PVC中空纤维膜,过滤精度:0.001~0.02μm,过滤方式:内压式,产水浊度<0.1NTU,最大进水压力:0.45MPa,粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3内投加一定量的粉末活性炭,吸附难降解的污染物及色度物质,采用浸没式超滤膜组件对活性炭粉进行拦截,降低出水CODcr、色度、悬浮物及胶体。The powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3 of this embodiment is equipped with a submerged ultrafiltration membrane module, the membrane material is PVC hollow fiber membrane, the filtration accuracy: 0.001-0.02 μm, the filtration method: internal pressure type, and the turbidity of the produced water is <0.1 NTU, maximum water inlet pressure: 0.45MPa, a certain amount of powdered activated carbon is added to the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3 to absorb refractory pollutants and chromatic substances, and the activated carbon powder is intercepted by submerged ultrafiltration membrane modules. Reduce effluent CODcr, chroma, suspended solids and colloids.
本实施例的树脂罐4中填充的专性硝酸根离子交换树脂,为大孔阴离子硝酸根离子树脂,外观形态为球状颗粒,骨架为聚乙烯-二乙烯基苯,官能团为季胺基,粒度范围为300~1200μm,全交换容量大于900mol/m3,含水量为50-56%,装载密度为675-720g/l。The obligatory nitrate ion exchange resin filled in the resin tank 4 of the present embodiment is a macroporous anion nitrate ion resin, the appearance form is a spherical particle, the skeleton is polyethylene-divinylbenzene, and the functional group is a quaternary ammonium group. The range is 300-1200μm, the total exchange capacity is greater than 900mol/m3, the water content is 50-56%, and the loading density is 675-720g/l.
本实施例还配有碳源罐9和粉末活性炭投加装置10,用于向反硝化池6内投加碳源和向粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3内投加粉末活性炭;反硝化池6和硝化池7内均设有微孔曝气装置11,通过风机12供氧,并投放经过高盐度成功驯化的活性污泥。Present embodiment is also equipped with carbon source tank 9 and powdered activated carbon dosing device 10, is used for adding carbon source in denitrification pond 6 and in powder activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3, adds powdered activated carbon; Denitrification pond 6 and Microporous aeration devices 11 are provided in the nitrification tanks 7, and oxygen is supplied by fans 12, and activated sludge successfully domesticated through high salinity is put in.
生化池1和粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3内均设有曝气装置,通过风机曝气。Both the biochemical pool 1 and the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3 are equipped with an aeration device, which is aerated by a fan.
本实施例的系统可实现PLC全自动控制。The system of this embodiment can realize PLC automatic control.
本发明采用了“生化法”、“粉末活性炭”、“超滤膜法”、“树脂吸附法”相结合的方式进行污水深度处理,采用“反硝化法—硝化法—回流至原生化池”相结合的方式进行树脂再生废液的处理及回用,具体技术原理如下:The present invention adopts the combination of "biochemical method", "powder activated carbon", "ultrafiltration membrane method" and "resin adsorption method" to carry out advanced treatment of sewage, and adopts "denitrification method-nitration method-backflow to the primary chemical tank" The treatment and reuse of resin regeneration waste liquid are carried out in a combined manner. The specific technical principles are as follows:
污水厂进水经预处理后,首先进入生化池,通过池内活性污泥中微生物的作用降解污染物,并通过沉淀池泥水分离,降低出水CODcr、氨氮含量,流入粉末活性炭膜生物反应器,投加粉末活性炭,通过大量曝气,粉末炭可有效吸附难降解的有机污染物和色度物质,并降低氨氮,通过浸没式超滤膜组件过滤,将活性炭粉、悬浮物、胶体等全部截留,对于出水COD、氨氮、色度、浊度去除效果显著;同时由于一部分微生物可进入活性炭内部微孔中,内部孔洞中溶解氧不足形成缺氧环境,具有一定的反硝化效果,因此粉末活性炭膜生物反应器也具有一定的硝酸盐氮脱除功能;树脂罐内填充专性硝酸根树脂,通过离子交换法来吸附进水中的硝酸根离子,专性硝酸根树脂能减少硫酸根离子的竞争吸附,耐有机物的污染,脱氮效率高,出水硝酸盐氮的含量小于1mg/L,树脂吸附饱和后采用普通食盐水对其进行脱附再生,将树脂所吸附的硝酸根离子和其他杂质洗脱除去,使之恢复原来的组成和性能。After pretreatment, the influent water of the sewage plant first enters the biochemical tank, degrades the pollutants through the action of microorganisms in the activated sludge in the tank, and separates the mud and water through the sedimentation tank to reduce the CODcr and ammonia nitrogen content of the effluent, and flows into the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor. Add powdered activated carbon, through a large amount of aeration, powdered carbon can effectively adsorb refractory organic pollutants and chromatic substances, and reduce ammonia nitrogen, and filter through submerged ultrafiltration membrane modules to intercept all activated carbon powder, suspended solids, colloids, etc. The effect of removing COD, ammonia nitrogen, chroma, and turbidity in the effluent is remarkable; at the same time, because some microorganisms can enter the internal micropores of activated carbon, the dissolved oxygen in the internal pores is insufficient to form an anoxic environment, which has a certain denitrification effect. Therefore, powder activated carbon membrane biological The reactor also has a certain nitrate nitrogen removal function; the resin tank is filled with specific nitrate resin, and the nitrate ion in the influent is adsorbed by ion exchange method, and the specific nitrate resin can reduce the competitive adsorption of sulfate ion , resistant to organic pollution, high denitrification efficiency, nitrate nitrogen content in the effluent is less than 1mg/L, after the resin is saturated, it is desorbed and regenerated with ordinary salt water, and the nitrate ions and other impurities adsorbed by the resin are eluted Remove it to restore its original composition and performance.
再生废液首先进入反硝化池进行反硝化处理,池内投放经过高盐度成功驯化的活性污泥,可承受不高于5%的盐度,在此条件下反硝化菌仍保持较高的活性,将污水中硝酸根转化为N2直接排放至大气,出水进入硝化池,经过高盐度下成功驯化的硝化细菌作用,将氨氮转化为硝态氮,混合液回流至反硝化池,进一步去除氨氮、硝酸盐氮,硝化池最终流出的泥水混合液无需分离,全部回流至原生化池,实现了再生废液的处理及回用,整个树脂再生废液处理过程不产生任何污染物的外排。The regenerated waste liquid first enters the denitrification tank for denitrification treatment. The activated sludge that has been successfully domesticated with high salinity is placed in the tank, which can withstand a salinity of no higher than 5%. Under this condition, the denitrifying bacteria still maintain a high activity , the nitrate in the sewage is converted into N 2 and directly discharged to the atmosphere, the effluent enters the nitrification tank, and through the action of nitrifying bacteria successfully domesticated under high salinity, the ammonia nitrogen is converted into nitrate nitrogen, and the mixed solution is returned to the denitrification tank for further removal Ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and the mud-water mixture that finally flows out of the nitrification tank do not need to be separated, and all flow back to the primary chemical tank, realizing the treatment and reuse of the regeneration waste liquid, and the entire resin regeneration waste liquid treatment process does not produce any pollutants. .
请见图2,本发明提供的一种污水深度处理及树脂再生废液回用的方法,包括以下步骤:Please refer to Fig. 2, a method for advanced sewage treatment and resin regeneration waste liquid reuse provided by the present invention, comprising the following steps:
步骤1:以污水厂预处理出水为系统进水,首先进入生化池1,通过活性污泥中微生物的作用降解污染物,泥水混合液通过沉淀池2固液分离,污泥排至污泥浓缩池8,出水进入粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3;Step 1: The pretreatment effluent of the sewage plant is used as the system inlet water, first enters the biochemical tank 1, and degrades the pollutants through the action of microorganisms in the activated sludge, the mud-water mixture is separated from the solid and liquid through the sedimentation tank 2, and the sludge is discharged to the sludge concentration Pool 8, the effluent enters the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3;
步骤2:向粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3内投加一定比例的粉末活性炭,粉末活性炭的投加量为30~50mg/L,进一步吸附难降解的污染物及色度物质,活性炭浆在粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3内循环累积,定期少量排至污泥浓缩池,出水流入树脂罐4;粉末活性炭膜生物反应器3需定期反洗、化学清洗,反洗频率为每10~15min一次,化学清洗频率为1~2个月一次;Step 2: Dosing a certain proportion of powdered activated carbon into the powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3, the dosage of powdered activated carbon is 30-50mg/L, further adsorbing refractory pollutants and chromatic substances, activated carbon slurry in powdered activated carbon Membrane bioreactor 3 accumulates in circulation, and regularly discharges a small amount to the sludge concentration tank, and the effluent flows into resin tank 4; powdered activated carbon membrane bioreactor 3 needs regular backwashing and chemical cleaning, and the backwashing frequency is once every 10 to 15 minutes. The cleaning frequency is once every 1 to 2 months;
步骤3:污水流经树脂罐4,通过专性硝酸根离子交换树脂的作用,脱除污水中的硝酸根,降低出水总氮,出水达标排放;Step 3: The sewage flows through the resin tank 4, and the nitrate in the sewage is removed through the action of the specific nitrate ion exchange resin, the total nitrogen in the effluent is reduced, and the effluent meets the discharge standard;
步骤4:吸附饱和的树脂采用4.0%~5.0%的NaCl溶液进行脱附再生,树脂再生形成的废液中氯化钠含量为1.5%~2.5%,硝态氮含量为650~800mg/L,废液先收集至废液收集池5,之后进入反硝化池6进行反硝化,溶解氧的含量控制为0.5~1.0mg/L,污泥浓度为3000~5000mg/L,并在缺氧条件下投加碳源,碳源折算COD用量为反硝化池6内硝酸根浓度的3~4倍,通过来源于在一定盐度下经过成功驯化活性污泥菌群中的反硝化细菌作用去除废液中的硝态氮,将其转化为N2脱除,出水进入硝化池7;Step 4: The adsorbed saturated resin is desorbed and regenerated with 4.0% to 5.0% NaCl solution, the sodium chloride content in the waste liquid formed by resin regeneration is 1.5% to 2.5%, and the nitrate nitrogen content is 650 to 800 mg/L. The waste liquid is first collected into the waste liquid collection pool 5, and then enters the denitrification pool 6 for denitrification. The dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 0.5-1.0 mg/L, and the sludge concentration is 3000-5000 mg/L. Dosing of carbon source, the amount of COD converted from carbon source is 3 to 4 times of the nitrate concentration in the denitrification tank 6, and the waste liquid is removed through the action of denitrification bacteria derived from the successfully domesticated activated sludge flora at a certain salinity Nitrate nitrogen in, it is converted into N 2 is removed, and the effluent enters the nitrification tank 7;
步骤5:在硝化池7内,溶解氧的含量控制为2.0~4.0mg/L,污泥浓度为3000~5000mg/L,在好氧条件下通过来源于在一定盐度下经过成功驯化活性污泥菌群中的硝化细菌作用发生硝化反应,进一步降低氨氮、CODcr含量,硝化池7出水混合液首先回流至反硝化池6,硝化池7最终流出的泥水混合液全部回流至生化池1,实现了树脂再生废液的回用。Step 5: In the nitrification tank 7, the content of dissolved oxygen is controlled to be 2.0-4.0 mg/L, and the sludge concentration is 3000-5000 mg/L. The nitrifying bacteria in the mud flora act on the nitrification reaction to further reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen and CODcr. The mixed solution of the effluent from the nitrification tank 7 first flows back to the denitrification tank 6, and the final mud-water mixture from the nitrification tank 7 flows back to the biochemical tank 1 to realize Reuse of resin regeneration waste liquid.
应当理解的是,本说明书未详细阐述的部分均属于现有技术。It should be understood that the parts not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art.
应当理解的是,上述针对较佳实施例的描述较为详细,并不能因此而认为是对本发明专利保护范围的限制,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可以做出替换或变形,均落入本发明的保护范围之内,本发明的请求保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。It should be understood that the above-mentioned descriptions for the preferred embodiments are relatively detailed, and should not therefore be considered as limiting the scope of the patent protection of the present invention. Within the scope of protection, replacements or modifications can also be made, all of which fall within the protection scope of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the appended claims.
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