CN108340048B - Non-contact arc ignition circuit for argon arc welding machine - Google Patents
Non-contact arc ignition circuit for argon arc welding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108340048B CN108340048B CN201711479472.XA CN201711479472A CN108340048B CN 108340048 B CN108340048 B CN 108340048B CN 201711479472 A CN201711479472 A CN 201711479472A CN 108340048 B CN108340048 B CN 108340048B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 82
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
- B23K9/067—Starting the arc
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/06—Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc
- B23K9/067—Starting the arc
- B23K9/0672—Starting the arc without direct contact between electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding Control (AREA)
- Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路。本发明包括高频引弧控制电路，高频引弧电路和辅助引弧电路。当焊枪开关闭合时，高频引弧控制电路处理控制系统发出脉冲信号HFc，三级管Q1导通，开关K1和K2原边有电流流过；高频引弧电路开关K1和K2副边闭合主变压器原边第一次级绕组的交流电，经过倍压电路和高频发生电路后，经过引弧电感，作用于焊机输出负极OUT‑；同时，辅助引弧电路处理控制系统发出的引弧信号HFc，导通MOS管Q4，则主变压器原边第二次级绕组的交流电，经二极管D12整流后，经MOS管Q4作用于焊机输出正极OUT+；从而引燃电弧。本发明电路可极大减小引弧时电磁干扰和引弧噪声，提高引弧成功率。
The invention provides a non-contact arc starting circuit for an argon arc welding machine. The invention includes a high frequency arc starting control circuit, a high frequency arc starting circuit and an auxiliary arc starting circuit. When the welding torch switch is closed, the high-frequency arc ignition control circuit processing control system sends a pulse signal HFc, the triode Q1 is turned on, and the primary side of the switch K1 and K2 has current flowing; the secondary side of the high-frequency arc ignition circuit switch K1 and K2 is closed The alternating current of the first secondary winding on the primary side of the main transformer, after passing through the voltage doubler circuit and the high-frequency generating circuit, passes through the arc ignition inductance, and acts on the output negative pole OUT‑ of the welding machine; at the same time, the auxiliary arc ignition circuit processes the arc ignition issued by the control system The signal HFc turns on the MOS transistor Q4, and the alternating current of the second secondary winding on the primary side of the main transformer is rectified by the diode D12, and acts on the positive electrode OUT+ of the welding machine through the MOS transistor Q4; thereby igniting the arc. The circuit of the invention can greatly reduce electromagnetic interference and arc striking noise during arc striking, and improve the success rate of arc striking.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种电焊机中的电路，具体地，涉及一种用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路。The invention relates to a circuit in an electric welding machine, in particular to a non-contact arc starting circuit for an argon arc welding machine.
背景技术Background technique
目前，氩弧焊机的引弧的方式有两种。一种是接触引弧，这种引弧方式电路简单，但是引弧时，容易导致焊缝夹钨，钨针损耗大且影响焊缝质量。另一种引弧方式为非接触引弧，利用高频高压击穿氩气达到引弧的目的，这种引弧方式可以解决焊缝夹钨的问题。但是传统的非接触引弧，采用高压包做引弧电路，有电磁干扰大，引弧噪声大，引弧成功率低的缺点。At present, there are two ways to start the arc of the argon arc welding machine. One is contact arc ignition. This arc ignition method has a simple circuit, but it is easy to cause tungsten in the weld seam when the arc is struck. The loss of the tungsten needle is large and the quality of the weld seam is affected. Another arc starting method is non-contact arc starting, which uses high frequency and high voltage to break down argon gas to achieve the purpose of arc starting. This kind of arc starting method can solve the problem of tungsten inclusion in the weld seam. However, the traditional non-contact arc ignition uses a high-voltage package as the arc ignition circuit, which has the disadvantages of large electromagnetic interference, large arc ignition noise, and low arc ignition success rate.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术中的缺陷，本发明的目的是提供一种用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路。Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a non-contact arc striking circuit for an argon arc welding machine.
根据本发明提供的一种用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路，包括高频引弧控制电路、高频引弧电路以及辅助引弧电路；A non-contact arc starting circuit for an argon arc welding machine provided according to the present invention includes a high frequency arc starting control circuit, a high frequency arc starting circuit and an auxiliary arc starting circuit;
所述高频引弧控制电路分别与高频引弧电路、辅助引弧电路相连接。The high-frequency arc-starting control circuit is connected with the high-frequency arc-starting circuit and the auxiliary arc-starting circuit respectively.
优选地，高频引弧控制电路根据脉冲信号HFc，控制开关K1和开关K2的吸合；Preferably, the high-frequency arc ignition control circuit controls the pull-in of the switch K1 and the switch K2 according to the pulse signal HFc;
在开关K1和开关K2的吸合时，高频引弧电路形成高压高频脉冲，再经引弧电感L1，最终耦合到焊机输出负极OUT-；When the switch K1 and the switch K2 are pulled in, the high-frequency arc circuit forms a high-voltage high-frequency pulse, and then through the arc inductance L1, it is finally coupled to the output negative electrode OUT- of the welding machine;
当焊枪开关按下时，焊机输出正极OUT+通过辅助引弧电路耦合到同样频率的高压脉冲，与焊机输出负极OUT-通过高频引弧电路耦合到的高压高频脉冲，共同作用击穿氩气，引燃电弧。When the welding torch switch is pressed, the positive electrode OUT+ of the welding machine is coupled to the high-voltage pulse of the same frequency through the auxiliary arc ignition circuit, and the high-voltage high-frequency pulse coupled to the negative electrode OUT- of the welder through the high-frequency arc ignition circuit works together to break down Argon, to ignite the arc.
优选地，高频引弧控制电路包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、二极管D1、二极管D2、运算放大器U1D、电容C1、三极管Q1、继电器K1A；所述继电器K1A包括开关K1的控制部、开关K2的控制部；Preferably, the high-frequency arc ignition control circuit includes a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D1, a diode D2, an operational amplifier U1D, a capacitor C1, a transistor Q1, and a relay K1A; the relay K1A includes a switch The control part of K1 and the control part of switch K2;
所述电阻R1的一端构成第一电压连接端；One end of the resistor R1 constitutes a first voltage connection end;
所述电阻R1的另一端分别连接至电阻R2的一端、运算放大器U1D的反相输入端；The other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1D;
所述电阻R2的另一端接地；The other end of the resistor R2 is grounded;
所述电阻R3与二极管D1并联；The resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the diode D1;
所述运算放大器U1D的正相输入端分别连接至电阻R3的一端、二极管D1的负极以及电容C1的一端；The positive phase input terminal of the operational amplifier U1D is respectively connected to one terminal of the resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D1 and one terminal of the capacitor C1;
所述电阻R3的另一端连接至二极管D1的正极形成脉冲信号HFc端；The other end of the resistor R3 is connected to the anode of the diode D1 to form a pulse signal HFc end;
所述运算放大器U1D的输出端连接至电阻R4的一端；The output end of the operational amplifier U1D is connected to one end of the resistor R4;
所述电阻R4的另一端分别连接至电阻R5的一端、三极管Q1的基极；The other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the base of the transistor Q1;
所述电阻R5的另一端分别连接至电容C1的另一端、三极管Q1的发射极，并接地；The other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, the emitter of the transistor Q1, and grounded;
所述三极管Q1的集电极分别连接至继电器K1A的一端、二极管D2的正极；The collector of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to one end of the relay K1A and the anode of the diode D2;
所述二极管D2的负极、继电器K1A的另一端均连接至第二电源连接端；Both the cathode of the diode D2 and the other end of the relay K1A are connected to the second power supply connection end;
第一电源连接端的电压值高于第二电源连接端的电压值。The voltage value of the first power connection end is higher than the voltage value of the second power connection end.
优选地，所述高频引弧电路包括倍压电路、高频引弧子电路；Preferably, the high-frequency arc ignition circuit includes a voltage doubling circuit and a high-frequency arc ignition sub-circuit;
所述倍压电路、高频引弧子电路相互连接。The voltage doubling circuit and the high-frequency arc striking sub-circuit are connected to each other.
优选地，所述高频引弧子电路包括电阻R6、电阻R7、电阻R8、电阻R9、电阻R10、电阻R11、电阻R12、电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15、电阻R16、继电器K2B、二极管D7、二极管D8、双向晶体管D9、二极管D10、二极管D12、电容C12、电容C13、电容C14、引弧电感L1、IGBT管Q2以及晶闸管Q3；Preferably, the high frequency arc ignition sub-circuit includes resistor R6, resistor R7, resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12, resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, relay K2B, diode D7 , diode D8, bidirectional transistor D9, diode D10, diode D12, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, capacitor C14, arcing inductance L1, IGBT tube Q2 and thyristor Q3;
所述开关K1的控制部一端连接至电阻R6的一端；One end of the control part of the switch K1 is connected to one end of the resistor R6;
所述电阻R6的另一端分为多个支路；The other end of the resistor R6 is divided into multiple branches;
所述电阻R6的另一端的第一支路为电阻R7与电阻R8串联连接；The first branch at the other end of the resistor R6 is connected in series with the resistor R7 and the resistor R8;
其中，电阻R6的另一端连接至电阻R7的一端；Wherein, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to one end of the resistor R7;
所述电阻R7的另一端连接至电阻R8的一端；The other end of the resistor R7 is connected to one end of the resistor R8;
所述电阻R6的另一端的第二支路为倍压电路；The second branch at the other end of the resistor R6 is a voltage doubler circuit;
其中电阻R6的另一端连接至倍压电路的输入端；Wherein the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the input end of the voltage doubler circuit;
所述电阻R8的另一端、倍压电路的输出端均连接至二极管D7的正极；The other end of the resistor R8 and the output end of the voltage doubler circuit are both connected to the anode of the diode D7;
所述二极管D7的负极分别连接至IGBT管Q2的集电极、电阻R9的一端、电阻R10的一端；The cathode of the diode D7 is respectively connected to the collector of the IGBT tube Q2, one end of the resistor R9, and one end of the resistor R10;
所述IGBT管Q2的发射极分别连接至电阻R13的一端、电阻R14的一端；The emitter of the IGBT tube Q2 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R13 and one end of the resistor R14;
所述电阻R13的另一端、电阻R14的另一端均连接至晶闸管Q3的正极、二极管D8的正极、二极管D10的负极、电阻R15的一端以及电容C14的一端；The other end of the resistor R13 and the other end of the resistor R14 are both connected to the anode of the thyristor Q3, the anode of the diode D8, the cathode of the diode D10, one end of the resistor R15 and one end of the capacitor C14;
所述IGBT管Q2的基极分别连接至电阻R9的另一端、二极管D8的负极；The base of the IGBT tube Q2 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R9 and the cathode of the diode D8;
所述晶闸管Q3的负极分别连接至电阻R11的一端、双向晶体管D9的一端；The cathode of the thyristor Q3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the bidirectional transistor D9;
所述电阻R11的另一端连接至电阻R12的一端；The other end of the resistor R11 is connected to one end of the resistor R12;
所述双向晶体管D9的一端分别连接至电容C12的一端、电容C13的一端以及继电器K1B的一端；One end of the bidirectional transistor D9 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C12, one end of the capacitor C13 and one end of the relay K1B;
所述继电器K1B的另一端连接至电阻R10的另一端；The other end of the relay K1B is connected to the other end of the resistor R10;
所述二极管D10的正极分别连接至二极管D12的负极、电阻R15的另一端以及电阻R16的一端；The anode of the diode D10 is respectively connected to the cathode of the diode D12, the other end of the resistor R15 and one end of the resistor R16;
其中，电阻R15的另一端连接至电阻R16的一端；Wherein, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to one end of the resistor R16;
所述电容C14的另一端连接至引弧电感L1的输入端A；The other end of the capacitor C14 is connected to the input terminal A of the arcing inductance L1;
所述引弧电感L1的输入端B、电阻R16的另一端、晶闸管Q3的负极、电阻R12的另一端、电容C13的另一端、电容C12的另一端、倍压电路中的电容C6、电容C7以及二极管D3均连接至开关K2；The input terminal B of the arc starting inductance L1, the other terminal of the resistor R16, the negative pole of the thyristor Q3, the other terminal of the resistor R12, the other terminal of the capacitor C13, the other terminal of the capacitor C12, the capacitor C6 and the capacitor C7 in the voltage doubler circuit and diode D3 are both connected to switch K2;
所述引弧电感L1与输入端A对应的输出端连接焊机输出负极Out-，引弧电感L1的与输入端B对应的输出端接地；The output terminal corresponding to the input terminal A of the arc starting inductance L1 is connected to the output negative electrode Out- of the welding machine, and the output terminal corresponding to the input terminal B of the arc starting inductance L1 is grounded;
所述开关K1的控制部另一端、开关K2的控制部另一端连接主变压器原边第一次级绕组。The other end of the control part of the switch K1 and the other end of the control part of the switch K2 are connected to the first secondary winding of the primary side of the main transformer.
优选地，所述辅助引弧电路包括电阻R17、电阻R18、电阻R19、电阻20、电阻21、二极管D13、二极管D14、稳压管D15、电容C15、电容C16、MOS管Q4以及光耦U2；Preferably, the auxiliary arc ignition circuit includes a resistor R17, a resistor R18, a resistor R19, a resistor 20, a resistor 21, a diode D13, a diode D14, a voltage regulator tube D15, a capacitor C15, a capacitor C16, a MOS transistor Q4 and an optocoupler U2;
所述电阻R17的一端连接至高频引弧控制电路的继电器K1A的另一端；One end of the resistor R17 is connected to the other end of the relay K1A of the high frequency arc ignition control circuit;
所述电阻R17的另一端连接至二极管D13的正极；The other end of the resistor R17 is connected to the anode of the diode D13;
所述二极管D13的负极分别连接至电容C15的一端、电阻R18的一端、MOS管Q4的漏极；The cathode of the diode D13 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C15, one end of the resistor R18, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q4;
所述电容C15的另一端、光耦U2的第二引脚均接地；The other end of the capacitor C15 and the second pin of the optocoupler U2 are both grounded;
所述电阻R18的另一端连接至二极管D14的正极；The other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the anode of the diode D14;
所述二极管D14的负极分别连接至电容C16的一端、稳压管D15的负极以及光耦U2的第四引脚；The cathode of the diode D14 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C16, the cathode of the voltage regulator D15 and the fourth pin of the optocoupler U2;
所述稳压管D15的正极、电容C16的另一端均连接至焊机输出正极Out+；The positive pole of the regulator tube D15 and the other end of the capacitor C16 are both connected to the positive pole Out+ of the welder output;
所述光耦U2的第三引脚连接至电阻R20的一端；The third pin of the optocoupler U2 is connected to one end of the resistor R20;
所述电阻R20的另一端分别连接至电阻R21的一端、MOS管Q4的栅极；The other end of the resistor R20 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R21 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q4;
所述电阻R21的另一端、MOS管Q4的漏极均连接至The other end of the resistor R21 and the drain of the MOS transistor Q4 are both connected to
焊机输出正极Out+；光耦U2的第一引脚通过一电阻连接脉冲信号HFc端；The welding machine outputs the positive pole Out+; the first pin of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the pulse signal HFc terminal through a resistor;
光耦U2的第一引脚、光耦U2的第二引脚分别是光耦U2发光源的正极、负极，光耦U2的第三引脚、光耦U2的第四引脚分别是发射极、集电极。。The first pin of optocoupler U2 and the second pin of optocoupler U2 are the positive and negative poles of the light source of optocoupler U2 respectively, the third pin of optocoupler U2 and the fourth pin of optocoupler U2 are emitters respectively ,collector. .
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下的有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明采用高频引弧电路作用于焊机输出负极，辅助引弧电路作用于焊机输出正极，具有电磁干扰小，引弧噪声小，引弧成功率高的优点。The invention adopts a high-frequency arc striking circuit to act on the negative output pole of the welding machine, and an auxiliary arc striking circuit acts on the positive output pole of the welding machine, which has the advantages of small electromagnetic interference, low arc striking noise and high arc striking success rate.
附图说明Description of drawings
通过阅读参照以下附图对非限制性实施例所作的详细描述，本发明的其它特征、目的和优点将会变得更明显：Other characteristics, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
图1为本发明用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路的高频引弧控制电路原理图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the high frequency arc starting control circuit used in the non-contact arc starting circuit of the argon arc welding machine according to the present invention.
图2为本发明用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路的高频引弧电路原理图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the high frequency arc starting circuit used in the non-contact arc starting circuit of the argon arc welding machine according to the present invention.
图3为本发明用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路的辅助引弧电路原理图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary arc starting circuit used in the non-contact arc starting circuit of the argon arc welding machine according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明，但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是，对本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变化和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
如图1至图3所示，本发明提供了一种用于氩弧焊机的非接触式引弧电路，包括高频引弧控制电路、高频引弧电路以及辅助引弧电路；所述高频引弧控制电路分别与高频引弧电路、辅助引弧电路相连接。高频引弧控制电路根据脉冲信号HFc，控制开关K1和开关K2的吸合；在开关K1和开关K2的吸合时，高频引弧电路形成高压高频脉冲，再经引弧电感L1，最终耦合到焊机输出负极OUT-；当焊枪开关按下时，焊机输出正极OUT+通过辅助引弧电路耦合到同样频率的高压脉冲，与焊机输出负极OUT-通过高频引弧电路耦合到的高压高频脉冲，共同作用击穿氩气，引燃电弧。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention provides a non-contact arc ignition circuit for argon arc welding machines, including a high frequency arc ignition control circuit, a high frequency arc ignition circuit and an auxiliary arc ignition circuit; The high frequency arc starting control circuit is respectively connected with the high frequency arc starting circuit and the auxiliary arc starting circuit. The high-frequency arc ignition control circuit controls the pull-in of switch K1 and switch K2 according to the pulse signal HFc; when the switch K1 and switch K2 are pulled in, the high-frequency arc strike circuit forms a high-voltage high-frequency pulse, and then passes through the arc strike inductance L1, Finally coupled to the negative output of the welding machine OUT-; when the welding torch switch is pressed, the positive output of the welding machine OUT+ is coupled to the high-voltage pulse of the same frequency through the auxiliary arc ignition circuit, and the negative output of the welding machine OUT- is coupled to the high-frequency arc ignition circuit. The high-voltage and high-frequency pulses work together to break down the argon and ignite the arc.
如图1所示，所述高频引弧控制电路包括电阻R1、电阻R2、电阻R3、电阻R4、电阻R5、二极管D1、二极管D2、运算放大器U1D、电容C1、三极管Q1、继电器K1A；所述继电器K1A包括开关K1的控制部、开关K2的控制部；开关K1的控制部、开关K1的控制部分别为继电器K1A的输入回路、输出回路，或者分别称为控制系统、被控制系统，开关K2同理；所述电阻R1的一端构成第一电压连接端，例如15V电源连接端；所述电阻R1的另一端分别连接至电阻R2的一端、运算放大器U1D的反相输入端；所述电阻R2的另一端接地；所述电阻R3与二极管D1并联；所述运算放大器U1D的正相输入端分别连接至电阻R3的一端、二极管D1的负极以及电容C1的一端；所述电阻R3的另一端连接至二极管D1的正极形成脉冲信号HFc端；所述运算放大器U1D的输出端连接至电阻R4的一端；所述电阻R4的另一端分别连接至电阻R5的一端、三极管Q1的基极；所述电阻R5的另一端分别连接至电容C1的另一端、三极管Q1的发射极，并接地；所述三极管Q1的集电极分别连接至继电器K1A的一端、二极管D2的正极；二极管D2的负极、继电器K1A的另一端连接第二电源连接端，例如12V电源连接端。第一电源连接端的电压值高于第二电源连接端的电压值。As shown in Figure 1, the high-frequency arc ignition control circuit includes resistor R1, resistor R2, resistor R3, resistor R4, resistor R5, diode D1, diode D2, operational amplifier U1D, capacitor C1, transistor Q1, and relay K1A; The relay K1A includes the control part of the switch K1 and the control part of the switch K2; the control part of the switch K1 and the control part of the switch K1 are respectively the input circuit and the output circuit of the relay K1A, or respectively called the control system, the controlled system, and the switch The same is true for K2; one end of the resistor R1 constitutes a first voltage connection end, such as a 15V power supply connection end; the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the inverting input end of the operational amplifier U1D; The other end of R2 is grounded; the resistor R3 is connected in parallel with the diode D1; the positive phase input end of the operational amplifier U1D is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R3, the cathode of the diode D1 and one end of the capacitor C1; the other end of the resistor R3 Connect to the anode of the diode D1 to form the pulse signal HFc end; the output end of the operational amplifier U1D is connected to one end of the resistor R4; the other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R5 and the base of the transistor Q1; The other end of the resistor R5 is respectively connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, the emitter of the triode Q1, and grounded; the collector of the triode Q1 is respectively connected to one end of the relay K1A and the positive pole of the diode D2; the negative pole of the diode D2, the relay K1A The other end is connected to the second power connection end, such as a 12V power connection end. The voltage value of the first power connection end is higher than the voltage value of the second power connection end.
如图2所示，所述高频引弧电路包括倍压电路、高频引弧子电路；所述倍压电路、高频引弧子电路相互连接。As shown in Figure 2, the high-frequency arc ignition circuit includes a voltage doubler circuit and a high-frequency arc ignition sub-circuit; the voltage doubler circuit and the high-frequency arc ignition sub-circuit are connected to each other.
所述高频引弧子电路包括电阻R6、电阻R7、电阻R8、电阻R9、电阻R10、电阻R11、电阻R12、电阻R13、电阻R14、电阻R15、电阻R16、继电器K1B、继电器K2B，即为图1中的高频引弧控制电路的继电器K1A,包括开关K1的控制部、开关K2的控制部,为了便于区分两个电路，因此，将图2中的高频引弧子电路的继电器命名为K2B，即K2B包括开关K1、开关K2；二极管D7、二极管D8、双向晶体管D9、二极管D10、二极管D12、电容C12、电容C13、电容C14、引弧电感L1、IGBT管Q2以及晶闸管Q3；所述继电器K2B的第一支路的一端，即为开关K1的控制部一端连接至电阻R6的一端；所述电阻R6的另一端分为多个支路；所述电阻R6的另一端的第一支路为电阻R7与电阻R8串联连接；其中，电阻R6的另一端连接至电阻R7的一端；所述电阻R7的另一端连接至电阻R8的一端；所述电阻R6的另一端的第二支路为倍压电路；其中，电阻R6的另一端连接至倍压电路的输入端；所述电阻R8的另一端、倍压电路的输出端均连接至二极管D7的正极；所述二极管D7的负极分别连接至IGBT管Q2的集电极、电阻R9的一端、电阻R10的一端；所述IGBT管Q2的发射极分别连接至电阻R13的一端、电阻R14的一端；所述电阻R13的另一端、电阻R14的另一端均连接至晶闸管Q3的正极、二极管D8的正极、二极管D10的负极、电阻R15的一端以及电容C14的一端；所述IGBT管Q2的基极分别连接至电阻R9的另一端、二极管D8的负极；所述晶闸管Q3的控制极分别连接至电阻R11的一端、双向晶体管D9的一端；所述电阻R11的另一端连接至电阻R12的一端；所述双向晶体管D9的一端分别连接至电容C12的一端、电容C13的一端以及继电器K1B的一端；所述继电器K1B的另一端连接至电阻R10的另一端；所述二极管D10的正极分别连接至二极管D12的负极、电阻R15的另一端以及电阻R16的一端；其中，电阻R15的另一端连接至电阻R16的一端；所述电容C14的另一端连接至引弧电感L1的输入端A；所述引弧电感L1的输入端B、电阻R16的另一端、晶闸管Q3的负极、电阻R12的另一端、电容C13的另一端、电容C12的另一端、倍压电路中的电容C6、电容C7以及二极管D3均连接至继电器K2B的第二支路的一端，即为开关K2的控制部的一端。引弧电感L1与输入端A对应的输出端连接焊机输出负极Out-，引弧电感L1的与输入端B对应的输出端接地；所述继电器K2B的第一支路的另一端，即为开关K1的控制部另一端、第二支路的另一端，即为开关K2的控制部的另一端连接主变压器原边第一次级绕组。上述中提到的IGBT管，即为绝缘栅双极型晶体管，(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，IGBT)。The high-frequency arc ignition sub-circuit includes resistor R6, resistor R7, resistor R8, resistor R9, resistor R10, resistor R11, resistor R12, resistor R13, resistor R14, resistor R15, resistor R16, relay K1B, relay K2B, namely The relay K1A of the high-frequency arc ignition control circuit in Figure 1 includes the control part of the switch K1 and the control part of the switch K2. In order to facilitate the distinction between the two circuits, the relay of the high-frequency arc ignition sub-circuit in Figure 2 is named is K2B, that is, K2B includes switch K1, switch K2; diode D7, diode D8, bidirectional transistor D9, diode D10, diode D12, capacitor C12, capacitor C13, capacitor C14, arcing inductance L1, IGBT tube Q2 and thyristor Q3; One end of the first branch of the relay K2B is one end of the control part of the switch K1 connected to one end of the resistor R6; the other end of the resistor R6 is divided into multiple branches; the first end of the other end of the resistor R6 The branch circuit is connected in series with resistor R7 and resistor R8; wherein, the other end of resistor R6 is connected to one end of resistor R7; the other end of resistor R7 is connected to one end of resistor R8; the second branch of the other end of resistor R6 The road is a voltage doubler circuit; wherein, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the input end of the voltage doubler circuit; the other end of the resistor R8 and the output end of the voltage doubler circuit are connected to the positive pole of the diode D7; the negative pole of the diode D7 respectively connected to the collector of IGBT tube Q2, one end of resistor R9, and one end of resistor R10; the emitter of said IGBT tube Q2 is respectively connected to one end of resistor R13 and one end of resistor R14; the other end of resistor R13, resistor The other end of R14 is connected to the anode of the thyristor Q3, the anode of the diode D8, the cathode of the diode D10, one end of the resistor R15 and one end of the capacitor C14; the base of the IGBT tube Q2 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R9, the diode The negative pole of D8; the control pole of the thyristor Q3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R11 and one end of the bidirectional transistor D9; the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to one end of the resistor R12; one end of the bidirectional transistor D9 is respectively connected to a capacitor One end of C12, one end of capacitor C13 and one end of relay K1B; the other end of said relay K1B is connected to the other end of resistor R10; the anode of said diode D10 is respectively connected to the negative pole of diode D12, the other end of resistor R15 and the resistor One end of R16; wherein, the other end of the resistor R15 is connected to one end of the resistor R16; the other end of the capacitor C14 is connected to the input terminal A of the arc inductance L1; the input terminal B of the arc inductance L1, the resistor R16 The other end, the negative pole of the thyristor Q3, the other end of the resistor R12, the other end of the capacitor C13, the other end of the capacitor C12, the capacitor C6 in the voltage doubler circuit, the capacitor C7 and the diode D3 are all connected to the second branch of the relay K2B One end is one end of the control part of the switch K2. The output terminal corresponding to the input terminal A of the arc starting inductance L1 is connected to the output negative electrode Out- of the welding machine, and the output terminal corresponding to the input terminal B of the arc starting inductance L1 is grounded; the other end of the first branch of the relay K2B is The other end of the control part of the switch K1 and the other end of the second branch, that is, the other end of the control part of the switch K2 is connected to the first secondary winding of the primary side of the main transformer. The IGBT tube mentioned above is an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, IGBT).
如图3所示，所述辅助引弧电路包括电阻R17、电阻R18、电阻R19、电阻20、电阻21、二极管D13、二极管D14、稳压管D15、电容C15、电容C16、MOS管Q4以及光耦U2；所述电阻R17的一端连接至高频引弧控制电路的继电器K1A的另一端；所述电阻R17的另一端连接至二极管D13的正极；所述二极管D13的负极分别连接至电容C15的一端、电阻R18的一端、MOS管Q4的漏极；所述电容C15的另一端、光耦U2的第二引脚均接地；所述电阻R18的另一端连接至二极管D14的正极；所述二极管D14的负极分别连接至电容C16的一端、稳压管D15的负极以及光耦U2的第四引脚；所述稳压管D15的正极、电容C16的另一端均连接至焊机输出正极Out+；所述光耦U2的第三引脚连接至电阻R20的一端；所述电阻R20的另一端分别连接至电阻R21的一端、MOS管Q4的栅极；所述电阻R21的另一端、MOS管Q4的漏极均连接至焊机输出正极Out+；光耦U2的第一引脚通过一电阻连接脉冲信号HFc端。光耦U2的第一引脚、光耦U2的第二引脚分别是光耦U2发光源的正极、负极，光耦U2的第三引脚、光耦U2的第四引脚分别是发射极、集电极。As shown in Figure 3, the auxiliary arc ignition circuit includes resistor R17, resistor R18, resistor R19, resistor 20, resistor 21, diode D13, diode D14, voltage regulator tube D15, capacitor C15, capacitor C16, MOS tube Q4 and light Coupling U2; one end of the resistor R17 is connected to the other end of the relay K1A of the high frequency arc ignition control circuit; the other end of the resistor R17 is connected to the positive pole of the diode D13; the negative pole of the diode D13 is respectively connected to the capacitor C15 One end, one end of the resistor R18, and the drain of the MOS transistor Q4; the other end of the capacitor C15 and the second pin of the optocoupler U2 are grounded; the other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the positive pole of the diode D14; the diode The negative pole of D14 is respectively connected to one end of the capacitor C16, the negative pole of the regulator tube D15 and the fourth pin of the optocoupler U2; the positive pole of the voltage regulator tube D15 and the other end of the capacitor C16 are connected to the welder output positive pole Out+; The third pin of the optocoupler U2 is connected to one end of the resistor R20; the other end of the resistor R20 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R21 and the gate of the MOS transistor Q4; the other end of the resistor R21 is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q4 The drains of both are connected to the positive output of the welding machine Out+; the first pin of the optocoupler U2 is connected to the pulse signal HFc terminal through a resistor. The first pin of optocoupler U2 and the second pin of optocoupler U2 are the positive and negative poles of the light source of optocoupler U2 respectively, the third pin of optocoupler U2 and the fourth pin of optocoupler U2 are emitters respectively ,collector.
下面对本发明提供的工作原理进行进一步说明：The working principle provided by the present invention is further described below:
如图1所示，当焊枪开关按下时，控制系统发出设定的脉冲信号HFc加在脉冲信号HFc端。当脉冲信号HFc为高，例如15V电源，即为电压为15V时，通过二级管D1快速给电容C1充电至15V，送入运算放大器U1D的正相输入端；15V电源经过电阻R1与电阻R2分压后，送入运算放大器U1D的反相输入端；此时，由于运算放大器U1D正相输入端大于反相输入端，则运算放大器U1D输出电压为高，该输出电压经过电阻R4和电阻R5分压后，驱动优选的为NPN的三级管Q1导通，则继电器K1和继电器K2原边有电流流过，继电器K1和继电器K2吸合。As shown in Figure 1, when the welding torch switch is pressed, the control system sends out a set pulse signal HFc and adds it to the pulse signal HFc terminal. When the pulse signal HFc is high, such as 15V power supply, that is, when the voltage is 15V, the capacitor C1 is quickly charged to 15V through the diode D1, and sent to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier U1D; the 15V power supply passes through the resistor R1 and the resistor R2 After the voltage is divided, it is sent to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1D; at this time, since the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier U1D is greater than the inverting input terminal, the output voltage of the operational amplifier U1D is high, and the output voltage passes through the resistor R4 and the resistor R5 After the voltage is divided, the preferably NPN triode Q1 is driven to be turned on, then the primary side of the relay K1 and the relay K2 has current flowing, and the relay K1 and the relay K2 are pulled in and closed.
当脉冲信号HFc为低，例如电压为0V时，电容C1两端电压，经过电阻R3缓慢放电，使得脉冲信号HFc再次翻转为高,例如，15V，在OV到达15V之前，电容C1两端的电压一直大于运算放大器U1D的反相输入端电压，则运算放大器U1D的输入电压为高，例如，15V，三极管Q1导通，继电器K1和继电器K2吸合。则高频引弧控制电路，保证当有一定频率的脉冲信号HFc时，继电器K1和继电器K2处于吸合状态。When the pulse signal HFc is low, for example, when the voltage is 0V, the voltage across the capacitor C1 is slowly discharged through the resistor R3, so that the pulse signal HFc turns high again, for example, 15V, before OV reaches 15V, the voltage across the capacitor C1 remains constant If the voltage is greater than the inverting input terminal voltage of the operational amplifier U1D, the input voltage of the operational amplifier U1D is high, for example, 15V, the transistor Q1 is turned on, and the relay K1 and the relay K2 are turned on. Then the high-frequency arc striking control circuit ensures that when there is a pulse signal HFc of a certain frequency, the relay K1 and the relay K2 are in the pull-in state.
如图2所示，当继电器K1和继电器K2吸合后，接主变压器原边第一次级绕组的高频交流电经由电解电容C2、电容C3、电容C4、电容C5、电容C6、电容C7、电容C8、电容C9、电容C10、电容C11和二极管D3、二极管D4、二极管D5、二极管D6组成的4倍压电路，再经二极管D7后，变成高压直流电，图中电阻R6为限流电阻，电阻R7和电阻R8为吸收电阻。As shown in Figure 2, when the relay K1 and the relay K2 are pulled together, the high-frequency alternating current connected to the primary winding of the main transformer passes through the electrolytic capacitor C2, capacitor C3, capacitor C4, capacitor C5, capacitor C6, capacitor C7, Capacitor C8, capacitor C9, capacitor C10, capacitor C11 and diode D3, diode D4, diode D5, diode D6 form a quadruple voltage circuit, and then through diode D7, it becomes a high-voltage direct current. The resistor R6 in the figure is a current-limiting resistor. Resistor R7 and resistor R8 are absorbing resistors.
二极管D7的高压直流电经电阻R9、稳压二极管D8，电阻R15和电阻R16后，在IGBT管Q2的GE间产生导通电压，IGBT管Q2导通。则二极管D7的高压直流电通过IGBT管Q2、电阻R13和电阻R14给电容C14充电，当电容C14两端电压达到一定值时，IGBT管Q2截至。同时二极管D7阴极的高压直流电经过电阻R10、继电器K1给电容C12、电容C13充电，当电压超过双向稳压管D9的阀值电压时，双向稳压管D9导通，并驱动晶闸管Q3导通。晶闸管Q3导通后，电容C14通过晶闸管Q3放电，同时由于电容C14与引弧电感L1谐振，在引弧电感L1的B端，即引弧电感L1的输入端B产生正相电压，经二极管D10和二极管D11箝位后在晶闸管Q3上形成反相电压，晶闸管Q3截至。After the high voltage direct current of the diode D7 passes through the resistor R9, the Zener diode D8, the resistor R15 and the resistor R16, a conducting voltage is generated between the GEs of the IGBT tube Q2, and the IGBT tube Q2 is turned on. Then the high voltage direct current of the diode D7 charges the capacitor C14 through the IGBT tube Q2, the resistor R13 and the resistor R14, and when the voltage across the capacitor C14 reaches a certain value, the IGBT tube Q2 is turned off. At the same time, the high-voltage direct current of the cathode of diode D7 charges the capacitors C12 and C13 through the resistor R10 and the relay K1. When the voltage exceeds the threshold voltage of the bidirectional regulator D9, the bidirectional regulator D9 is turned on and drives the thyristor Q3 to turn on. After the thyristor Q3 is turned on, the capacitor C14 discharges through the thyristor Q3, and at the same time, due to the resonance between the capacitor C14 and the arc inductance L1, a positive phase voltage is generated at the B terminal of the arc inductance L1, that is, the input terminal B of the arc inductance L1, and passes through the diode D10 After being clamped by the diode D11, a reverse voltage is formed on the thyristor Q3, and the thyristor Q3 is cut off.
二极管D7阴极的高压直流电，再次通过IGBT管Q2和电阻R13、电阻R14给电容C14充电，当电容C14电压充到一定值后，IGBT管Q2截至。二极管D7阴极的直流高压再次通过电阻R10给电容C12、电容C13充电，达到双向晶体管D9阀值，导通晶闸管Q3，进入下一个震荡周期。图中电阻R11和电阻R12为放电电阻。最终在电容C14上形成高压高频脉冲，再经引弧电感L1，最终耦合到焊机输出负极。The high-voltage direct current of the cathode of diode D7 charges the capacitor C14 through the IGBT tube Q2, the resistors R13 and R14 again, and when the voltage of the capacitor C14 is charged to a certain value, the IGBT tube Q2 stops. The DC high voltage of the cathode of the diode D7 charges the capacitors C12 and C13 again through the resistor R10 to reach the threshold value of the bidirectional transistor D9, turns on the thyristor Q3, and enters the next oscillation cycle. In the figure, resistor R11 and resistor R12 are discharge resistors. Finally, a high-voltage and high-frequency pulse is formed on the capacitor C14, which is then coupled to the output negative electrode of the welding machine through the arc-starting inductance L1.
如图3所示，当焊枪开关按下时，控制系统发出具有一定频率的脉冲信号HFc，当HFc信号为高时，通过电阻R19使光耦U2导通；同时，主变压器原边第二次级绕组交流电经过电阻R17，在经过二极管D12整流，电容C15滤波后变换成高压直流电；当光耦U2导通时，该高压直流电一方面经电阻R18、二极管D13，光耦U2，再经电阻R20和电阻R21分压后，驱动MOS管Q4导通，二极管D14起稳压作用，电解电容C16起滤波作用；另一方面该高压直流电经导通的Q4耦合到焊机输出正极OUT+。当HFc信号为低时，光耦U2和MOS管Q4均不导通，辅助引弧电路没有电压耦合到焊机输出正极OUT+。因此，当焊枪开关按下时，控制系统发出具有一定频率的脉冲信号HFc，焊机输出正极OUT+可以通过辅助引弧电路耦合到同样频率的高压脉冲，与焊机输出负极OUT-通过高频引弧电路耦合到的高频高压，共同作用击穿氩气，引燃电弧。As shown in Figure 3, when the welding torch switch is pressed, the control system sends out a pulse signal HFc with a certain frequency. When the HFc signal is high, the optocoupler U2 is turned on through the resistor R19; at the same time, the primary side of the main transformer The alternating current of the primary winding passes through the resistor R17, rectified by the diode D12, filtered by the capacitor C15, and converted into high-voltage direct current; when the optocoupler U2 is turned on, the high-voltage direct current passes through the resistor R18, diode D13, optocoupler U2, and then through the resistor R20 After dividing the voltage with the resistor R21, the driving MOS transistor Q4 is turned on, the diode D14 acts as a voltage stabilizer, and the electrolytic capacitor C16 acts as a filter; on the other hand, the high-voltage direct current is coupled to the welding machine output positive electrode OUT+ through the turned-on Q4. When the HFc signal is low, neither the optocoupler U2 nor the MOS transistor Q4 is turned on, and the auxiliary arc ignition circuit has no voltage coupled to the positive output terminal OUT+ of the welding machine. Therefore, when the welding torch switch is pressed, the control system sends out a pulse signal HFc with a certain frequency, and the positive electrode OUT+ of the welding machine can be coupled to the high-voltage pulse of the same frequency through the auxiliary arc ignition circuit, and the negative electrode OUT- of the welding machine can be triggered by high frequency. The high frequency and high voltage coupled to the arc circuit work together to break down the argon gas and ignite the arc.
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是，本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式，本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变化或修改，这并不影响本发明的实质内容。在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例和实施例中的特征可以任意相互组合。Specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention. In the case of no conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.
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| CN109604772A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-04-12 | 上海广为焊接设备有限公司 | A kind of circuit improving inverter argon arc welding machine arcing initiation success rate and stability |
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| CN112238280B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2025-04-04 | 深圳市佳士科技股份有限公司 | High frequency arc starting circuit of welding machine and welding machine |
| CN116727808B (en) * | 2023-05-05 | 2024-02-02 | 佛山市三乔焊接实业有限公司 | Arc striking circuit of stud welding machine |
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| AT413953B (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2006-07-15 | Fronius Int Gmbh | METHOD AND CIRCUIT FOR TOUCH-FREE IGNITION OF A WELDING ARC |
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| CN202129536U (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-02-01 | 杭州恒湖科技有限公司 | Argon-arc-welding arc ignition circuit |
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