CN108327529A - The rear electric drive assembly of hybrid vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of rear electric drive assembly the present invention relates to hybrid vehicle includes driving motor and speed reducer assembly,Speed reducer assembly includes the differential assembly being mounted in reduction-gear housing body,Differential mechanism left shell and right differential housing are respectively equipped with the extension set pipeline section passed through for semiaxis,Extension set pipeline section is supported on by bearing on reduction case,A final gear is connected firmly on differential casing,The final gear receives the torque exported from driving motor,Differential casing internal clearance is with the rotatable planet carrier of unification,End-tooth is arranged in one axial end face of planet carrier,It is nested with one in differential casing and is axially movable gear ring,It is corresponding with the end-tooth of planet carrier that the end-tooth of gear ring is set to an axial end face,Multiple axially mounted columns are arranged in another axial end of gear ring,These axially mounted columns stretch out one signal panels of differential mount,Return spring is set between signal panels and differential casing,Setting one is used for the driving device of drive signal disk axial displacement on retarder.

Description

Rear electric drivetrain for hybrid vehicles

technical field

The invention relates to an automobile drive axle, in particular to a rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric automobile.

Background technique

With the increasing shortage of oil supply and the increasing environmental pollution, people are paying more and more attention to new energy vehicles. Among them, the hybrid electric vehicle has the advantages of obvious fuel saving, no mileage limit, pure electric driving, good power performance, etc., and the technology is becoming more and more mature, and has become the mainstream in the market. However, due to the limited space in the front cabin of the hybrid electric vehicle, the motor Placing it in the front compartment will lead to major changes in the vehicle, increased costs, and a long development cycle; and if the motor is placed in the front compartment of the engine, the output power of the motor must pass through the transmission mechanism to reach the rear wheels, which will cause serious power loss. For a conventional hybrid electric vehicle, when only the internal combustion engine is required to drive, the transmission structure of the vehicle will back-drag the motor that does not participate in the power output, resulting in energy losses such as oil stirring and friction in the electric drive assembly, thus wasting a part of the output of the internal combustion engine The power of the motor causes the problem of overspeeding of the motor and limitation of the vehicle speed.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art, to provide a rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle, which can facilitate the space layout of the vehicle front cabin of the hybrid electric vehicle, and can also facilitate the control of the power transmission and disconnection of the drive motor , to prevent the driving motor from being dragged backwards, it can also improve the efficiency of the vehicle and save energy.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved in this way: a rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle includes a drive motor and a speed reducer assembly, and the speed reducer assembly includes a differential assembly installed in the speed reducer casing, so The differential case of the differential assembly is connected and fixed by the left case of the differential and the right case of the differential to form a box structure, and the left case of the differential and the right case of the differential are respectively provided with There is an extension sleeve section through which the half shaft passes, and the extension sleeve section is supported on the reducer box through bearings, and a final reduction gear is fixedly connected to the differential case, and the final reduction gear receives the torque output from the drive motor A rotatable planetary carrier is fitted with clearance in the differential housing, and a planetary gear shaft is supported in the planetary gear shaft, and planetary gears arranged symmetrically are respectively empty on the planetary gear shaft, and the left housing of the differential and The right housing of the differential supports a side gear meshing with the planetary gears. An axial end surface of the planet carrier is provided with end teeth distributed along the annular end surface of the planet carrier. A shaft gear is nested in the differential housing. To move the gear ring, the end face teeth of the gear ring are arranged on one axial end face corresponding to the end face teeth of the planet carrier, and a plurality of axial mounting columns are arranged at the other axial end of the gear ring, and the gear ring passes through a plurality of shafts The mounting posts cooperate with the corresponding through holes on the differential case to form circumferential positioning. These axial mounting posts protrude from the differential and jointly support a signal disc, which is arranged between the signal disc and the differential case return spring, the reducer is provided with a drive device for driving the axial displacement of the signal disc, the push head of the drive device can axially act on the outer end surface of the signal disc, and the gear ring can be driven by the signal disc to make relative For the axial movement of the differential housing, a position sensor for judging the axial position of the signal disc is arranged in the reducer, and the position sensor and the axial drive device are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control system.

The left housing of the differential is in the shape of a cap, and the left end of the left housing of the differential is provided with an extension sleeve section protruding from the center of the end face, and the right edge of the left housing of the differential is connected with the right housing of the differential Fixed, the left end surface of the left housing of the differential is provided with a plurality of through holes centered on the axis line of the left housing of the differential and equally divided by 360°.

The gear ring includes an engaging ring gear, the lower end surface of the engaging ring gear is provided with end face teeth for engaging with the end face of the planet carrier, and the upper end surface of the engaging ring gear is provided with a plurality of And the 360° axial installation column is evenly divided, and the outer cylindrical surface of the axial installation column is provided with the installation shoulder of the signal plate, the circumferential positioning surface, and the fixing groove of the collar; the signal plate is sleeved on each The circumferential positioning curved surfaces of the axial mounting column jointly form the positioning cylindrical surface and are axially limited by the collar and the mounting shaft shoulder.

There is a reduction mechanism between the driving motor and the differential, and the torque output by the driving motor is decelerated and increased by the reduction mechanism, and then transmitted to the final reduction gear.

The deceleration mechanism is a two-stage deceleration mechanism, and the deceleration mechanism includes an intermediate shaft assembly. The intermediate shaft assembly includes an intermediate shaft, an intermediate shaft left bearing, and an intermediate shaft right bearing. An intermediate shaft gear, Two-stage driving gear, the two ends of the intermediate shaft are respectively supported on the reducer box through the left bearing of the intermediate shaft and the right bearing of the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft gear meshes with the output gear, and the secondary driving gear and the main reduction gear engage.

The return spring arranged between the signal disc and the end surface of the differential case is a counter-top wave spring, a butterfly spring or a helical spring.

The driving device is a linear motor, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder.

The planetary gear shaft is a cross planetary gear shaft, and the shaft rods of the planetary gear shafts are respectively provided with symmetrically arranged planetary gears.

The reducer is provided with at least three driving devices centered on the axis of the signal disc and equally divided by 360°.

The driving motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an AC asynchronous motor.

With the above solution, the reducer assembly includes a differential assembly installed in the reducer case, and the differential case of the differential assembly is opposed to each other by the left case of the differential and the right case of the differential. They are connected and fixed to form a box structure. The left casing of the differential and the right casing of the differential are respectively provided with extension sleeve sections for the half shaft to pass through. The extension sleeve sections are supported on the reducer box through bearings. A main reduction gear is fixedly connected to the differential case, and the main reduction gear receives the torque output from the driving motor. A rotatable planetary carrier is fitted in the differential case, and a planetary gear is supported in the planetary carrier. Shafts, the planetary gear shafts are respectively empty and symmetrically arranged with planetary gears, and the left case of the differential and the right case of the differential respectively support a half shaft gear meshing with the planetary gears, and one axis of the planetary carrier The end face is provided with end face teeth distributed along the annular end face of the planet carrier, and an axially movable gear ring is nested in the differential case, and the end face teeth of the gear ring are arranged on an axial end face corresponding to the end face teeth of the planet carrier, The other axial end of the gear ring is provided with a plurality of axial mounting columns, and the gear ring cooperates with the corresponding through holes on the differential case to form circumferential positioning through the plurality of axial mounting columns. The column protrudes from the differential to jointly support a signal disc, and a return spring is arranged between the signal disc and the differential case, and a drive device for driving the axial displacement of the signal disc is provided on the reducer, the drive device The push head of the pusher can axially act on the outer end surface of the signal disc, and the gear ring can be driven to move axially relative to the differential case through the signal disc. A position sensor, the position sensor and the axial drive device are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control system. The left casing of the differential and the right casing of the differential are respectively provided with extended sleeve sections through which the half shaft passes, which can realize the support of the differential casing on the reducer case through bearings. A rotatable planetary carrier is fitted in the differential housing with a gap, and a planetary gear shaft is supported in the planetary gear shaft. The planetary gears arranged symmetrically are respectively empty on the planetary gear shaft, and the left housing of the differential and the differential The right casing of the speed changer supports a side gear meshed with the planetary gear respectively, and the two side gears realize power distribution to the two rear wheels, and simultaneously the two side gears limit the planet carrier. A final reduction gear is fixedly connected to the differential case, and the final reduction gear receives the torque output from the driving motor to realize deceleration and torque increase. An axially movable gear ring is nested in the differential case, and the gear ring cooperates with corresponding through holes on the differential case through a plurality of axial mounting posts to form circumferential positioning. The engagement or disengagement with the upper end surface of the planet carrier realizes the engagement or disengagement of the differential case with the planet carrier, thereby realizing the engagement and disengagement of torque transmission between the differential case and the planet carrier. The axial mounting column protrudes from the differential and supports a signal disc together. The setting of the signal disc is convenient for applying an axial thrust to the signal disc. The device for applying thrust is located outside the differential housing, which is beneficial to the structure of the differential housing and The layout of the space. The return spring is set to make the signal at the outermost end, so as to ensure that when no force is applied to the signal plate, the transmission of torque between the differential case and the planet carrier is interrupted, so that the planet carrier will not drag the differential case back. The reducer is provided with a position sensor for judging the axial position of the signal disc, the position sensor and the axial drive device are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control system, the position sensor is used for signal collection and transmission, and the axial drive device Used to execute the command of the output thrust of the electronic control system. When the vehicle climbs a slope or accelerates, when the drive motor is required to participate in the drive of the vehicle, the electronic control system of the vehicle controls the axial drive device, and the push head will be pushed out. At this time, the push head will come into contact with the signal plate and generate a thrust to the signal plate. Under the action of this thrust, the signal plate can overcome the elastic force of the return spring and move axially, thereby driving the gear ring to move. When the gear ring After moving a certain distance, the end face teeth of the gear ring end face will engage with the end face tooth structure of the planet carrier end face, and at this time, torque transmission is realized between the gear ring and the planet carrier. At this time, the driving motor is working, and the power from the driving motor can be transmitted to the main reduction gear, and then the power is transmitted to the gear ring through the differential case, and the planetary carrier is driven by the end face tooth structure, and then transmitted to the planetary gear set, thus It is transmitted to the transmission axle shaft and wheels to realize the driving of the vehicle, that is, the electric drive assembly can participate in the driving and energy recovery of the vehicle and other working conditions. When the drive motor is not required to participate in power output or capacity recovery, the drive motor and the axial drive device have no power output. The push head of the axial drive device is in the non-extruded state, because the signal plate is under the elastic force from the return spring, that is, the axial drive device and the signal plate are located at the outermost end, and the end face teeth of the gear ring and the end face of the planet carrier are in a separated state , that is, the forceless action between the gear ring and the planet carrier. Since a rotatable planetary carrier is loosely fitted in the differential case, the planetary carrier can rotate freely inside the differential case. At this time, the motion of the planetary carrier and the gear ring will not be affected by each other, and the gear ring will not be dragged back. At this time, the power system of the front wheel of the vehicle can drive the vehicle alone; the drive motor, the input shaft assembly, and the differential assembly The left case of the differential, the right case of the differential, the main reduction gear, the gear ring, the signal plate, etc. are all in a static state, and will not rotate with the wheels, and will not cause energy losses such as oil stirring and friction, thereby To achieve a certain purpose of energy saving. With the present invention, the driving motor and the control and transmission mechanism of the driving motor are arranged near the rear wheel speed reducer outside the front cabin of the vehicle to facilitate the spatial arrangement of the front cabin of the hybrid vehicle; and the problem of serious power loss caused by the transmission mechanism is also avoided.

The gear ring includes an engaging ring gear, the lower end surface of the engaging ring gear is provided with end face teeth for engaging with the end face of the planet carrier, and the upper end surface of the engaging ring gear is provided with a plurality of And the 360° axial installation column is evenly divided, and the outer cylindrical surface of the axial installation column is provided with the installation shoulder of the signal plate, the circumferential positioning surface, and the fixing groove of the collar; the signal plate is sleeved on each The circumferential positioning curved surface of the axial mounting column forms the positioning cylindrical surface together and is axially limited by the collar and the mounting shoulder. This structure can facilitate the detachable connection and fixing of the signal plate with the gear ring, which is convenient for assembly and disassembly maintain.

A deceleration mechanism is set between the drive motor and the differential, and the torque output by the drive motor is decelerated and increased through the deceleration mechanism and then transmitted to the final reduction gear. High-efficiency interval operation ensures the efficiency of the drive motor.

The deceleration mechanism is a two-stage deceleration mechanism, and the deceleration mechanism includes an intermediate shaft assembly. The intermediate shaft assembly includes an intermediate shaft, an intermediate shaft left bearing, and an intermediate shaft right bearing. An intermediate shaft gear, Two-stage driving gear, the two ends of the intermediate shaft are respectively supported on the reducer box through the left bearing of the intermediate shaft and the right bearing of the intermediate shaft, the intermediate shaft gear meshes with the output gear, and the secondary driving gear and the main reduction gear Engagement, the power output by the drive motor passes through the gear pair composed of the output gear and the intermediate shaft gear to achieve primary deceleration and torque increase.

The return spring provided between the signal plate and the end face of the differential housing is a top-to-top wave spring, a butterfly spring or a helical spring, and the top-to-top wave spring has a small installation space, which has the ability to reduce noise and vibration; butterfly The shape spring has the characteristics of short stroke, heavy load, small space required, convenient combination and use, easy maintenance and replacement, economy, high safety, and long service life; the coil spring has the characteristics of easy manufacture, compact structure, and high energy rate. characteristic.

The driving device is a linear motor, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. The linear motor is a transmission device that directly converts electrical energy into linear motion mechanical energy without any intermediate conversion mechanism; the hydraulic cylinder converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy. The linear motion hydraulic actuator has a simple structure and reliable operation; the cylinder is a pneumatic actuator that converts the pressure energy of compressed gas into mechanical energy and performs linear motion to realize the linear motion of the thrust head of the axial drive device.

The planetary gear shaft is a cross planetary gear shaft, and the shaft rods of the planetary gear shaft are respectively provided with symmetrically arranged planetary gears, and each shaft rod of the cross planetary gear shaft shares the load and each planetary gear on the cross planetary gear shaft The shared load is smaller than the one-shaped planetary shaft, so the load that the cross planetary gear shaft can carry is relatively higher than that of the traditional one-shaped planetary shaft. Each shaft of the cross planetary gear shaft is not easy to deform, and the position accuracy between planetary gears is improved. The rotation movement between the internal gears of the differential will not be suddenly tightened and loosened, which can improve the service life, running stability and output torque of the rear drive reducer.

The reducer is provided with at least three driving devices centered on the axis of the signal disk and equally divided by 360°, which can ensure that the axial thrust of at least three driving devices acts on the signal disk and reduce the uneven force on the signal disk degree, to reduce the unbalanced load phenomenon.

The driving motor is a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an AC asynchronous motor. The permanent magnet synchronous motor itself has high power efficiency and high power factor; low heat generation, so the motor cooling system has a simple structure, small size, and low noise; the allowable overload current is large, and the reliability is significantly improved. AC asynchronous motors have high reliability and long service life; they are highly versatile and can provide various cooling types, protection levels and various models for corrosive environmental conditions and hazardous applications. Adopting the above invention, it can facilitate the space layout of the vehicle front cabin of the hybrid vehicle, and can also facilitate the control of the power transmission and disconnection of the drive motor, prevent the drive motor from being dragged backward, improve the efficiency of the whole vehicle, and save energy.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the installation structure of the gear ring.

In the drawings, 1 is the driving motor, 2 is the input shaft assembly, 3 is the intermediate shaft assembly, 4 is the differential assembly, 5 is the position sensor, 6 is the driving device, 7 is the reducer assembly, 1-1 is the motor Shaft left bearing, 1-2 is motor shaft, 1-3 is motor shaft right bearing, 1-4 is output gear, 2-1 is input shaft left bearing, 2-2 is input shaft, 2-3 is input shaft right Bearings, 3-1 is the left bearing of the intermediate shaft, 3-2 is the intermediate shaft, 3-3 is the gear of the intermediate shaft, 3-4 is the right bearing of the intermediate shaft, 3-5 is the secondary driving gear, 4-1 is the differential 4-10 is the main reduction gear, 4-11 is the right housing of the differential, 4-12 is the right bearing of the differential, 4-2 is the left housing of the differential, 4-3 is the signal plate , 4-4 is the return spring, 4-5 is the gear ring, 4-6 is the half shaft gear, 4-7 is the planetary gear shaft, 4-9 is the planet carrier, 6-1 is the push head, and a is the face tooth , b is the extended casing section, d is the planetary gear, e is the axial mounting column, f is the mounting shoulder, g is the circumferential positioning surface, and n is the collar.

Detailed ways

Referring to the accompanying drawings, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, an embodiment of the rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle, the rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle includes a drive motor 1 and a speed reducer assembly 7, and the speed reducer assembly 7 includes The differential assembly 4 installed in the reducer case, the differential case of the differential assembly is connected and fixed by the differential left case 4-2 and the differential right case 4-11 to form a box body structure, the differential left housing 4-2 and the differential right housing 4-11 are respectively provided with an extension sleeve section b for the half shaft to pass through, and the extension sleeve section b is supported on the reducer case by bearings superior. In this embodiment, the differential left housing 4-2 is in the shape of a hat, and the hat-shaped left transmission housing is used to accommodate the planet carrier 4-9 and the gear ring 4-5. The differential left housing 4 -2 The left end is provided with an extension sleeve section b protruding from the center of the end face, the right end edge of the differential left case 4-2 is connected and fixed with the differential right case 4-11, and the differential left case 4 - The extension sleeve section b of -2 is supported on the reducer casing through the differential left bearing 4-1, and the extension sleeve section b of the differential right housing 4-2 is supported by the differential right bearing 4-12 On the reducer case; the left end surface of the differential left housing 4-2 is provided with a plurality of through holes centered on the axis line of the differential left housing 4-2 and equally divided by 360°. This structure It can ensure uniform torque transmission between the left case of the differential and the gear ring 4-5, and improve the structural life of the left case of the differential and the gear ring 4-5.

A final reduction gear 4-10 is fixedly connected to the differential case, and the final reduction gear 4-10 receives the torque output from the drive motor 1. Preferably, the drive motor 1 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an AC asynchronous motor. Motor; permanent magnet synchronous motor itself has high power efficiency and high power factor; heat is small, so the motor cooling system is simple in structure, small in size and low in noise; the allowable overload current is large, and its reliability is significantly improved; AC asynchronous motor has high reliability, Long service life; extremely versatile with various cooling types, degrees of protection and models available for corrosive environmental conditions and hazardous applications. A rotatable planetary carrier 4-9 is loosely fitted in the differential case, and a planetary gear shaft 4-7 is supported in the planetary carrier 4-9. Preferably, the planetary gear shaft 4-7 is a cross planet For the gear shaft, the planetary gears d arranged symmetrically are respectively empty on the shaft rods of the planetary gear shafts 4-7, and each shaft rod of the cross planetary gear shaft shares the load and each planetary gear d on the cross planetary gear shaft shares the load. Compared with the one-shaped planetary shaft, the load that the crossed planetary gear shaft can carry is relatively higher than that of the traditional one-shaped planetary shaft. The rotation movement between the internal gears of the gear will not be suddenly tightened and loosened, which can improve the service life of the rear drive reducer, the stability of operation, and the output torque. Said planetary gear shafts 4-7 are respectively empty with symmetrically arranged planetary gears d, and each of the differential left housing 4-2 and the differential differential right housing 4-11 supports a half shaft meshing with the planetary gear d Gear 4-6, an axial end face of the planet carrier 4-9 is provided with end face teeth a distributed along the annular end face of the planet carrier 4-9, and an axially movable gear ring 4- 5. The end face teeth of the gear ring 4-5 are arranged on one axial end face corresponding to the end face teeth a of the planet carrier 4-9, and the other axial end of the gear ring 4-5 is provided with a plurality of axial mounting columns e, the gear ring 4-5 is positioned in the circumferential direction through a plurality of axial mounting columns e and the corresponding through holes on the differential housing, and these axial mounting columns e protrude from the differential to jointly support a signal plate 4 -3. In this embodiment, the gear ring 4-5 includes an engaging ring gear, the lower end surface of the engaging ring gear is provided with end face teeth a for engaging with the end face of the planet carrier 4-9, and the upper end surface of the engaging ring gear Set a plurality of axial installation columns e that are centered on the axis line of the engaging ring gear and equally divided by 360°, and the outer cylindrical surfaces of the axial installation columns e are all provided with the installation shoulder f and the circumference of the signal plate 4-3 The positioning curved surface g and the collar fixing groove; the signal disc 4-3 is sleeved on the positioning cylinder surface formed by the circumferential positioning curved surface g of each axial mounting column e, and is carried out by the collar n and the installation shoulder f Axial limit, this structure can facilitate the detachable connection and fixation of the signal plate 4-3 with the gear ring 4-5, which is convenient for assembly, disassembly and maintenance.

A return spring 4-4 is arranged between the signal disc 4-3 and the differential case, and the return spring 4-4 provided between the signal disc 4-3 and the end face of the differential case can be Top wave springs, butterfly springs or coil springs, the installation space of the top wave springs is small, and it can reduce noise and vibration; the butterfly springs have short strokes, heavy loads, small space requirements, convenient combination and use, and maintenance and replacement. It is easy to install, economical, high in safety and long in service life; the coil spring has the characteristics of easy manufacture, compact structure and high energy rate. A driving device 6 for driving the axial displacement of the signal disc 4-3 is arranged on the reducer. The driving device 6 can be a linear motor, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. Mechanical energy, without the transmission device of any intermediate conversion mechanism; the hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear motion. It has a simple structure and reliable operation; the cylinder converts the pressure energy of compressed gas into mechanical energy. Any air pressure actuator that performs linear motion can realize the linear motion of the thrust head 6-1 of the axial drive device 6. The push head 6-1 of the driving device 6 can axially act on the outer end surface of the signal disc 4-3, and can drive the gear ring 4-5 to move axially relative to the differential case through the signal disc 4-3. Preferably, at least three driving devices 6 centered on the axis of the signal disc 4-3 and equally divided by 360° are arranged on the reducer. If one of the driving devices 6 fails, the speed of at least three driving devices 6 can be guaranteed. The axial thrust acts on the signal disc 4-3 to reduce the degree of stress unevenness of the signal disc 4-3 and reduce the phenomenon of unbalanced load. A position sensor 5 for judging the axial position of the signal disc 4-3 is arranged in the reducer, and the position sensor 5 and the axial driving device 6 are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control system.

Preferably, a deceleration mechanism is set between the drive motor 1 and the differential, and the torque output by the drive motor 1 is decelerated and increased by the deceleration mechanism and then transmitted to the final reduction gear 4-10. Twist, and can ensure that the drive motor 1 runs in the high-efficiency range to ensure the efficiency of the drive motor 1 . In this embodiment, the motor shaft of the driving motor 1 extends into the reducer box, and the motor shaft 1-2 is connected with an input shaft 2-2 through a spline, and the input shaft 2-2 passes through the left bearing of the input shaft 2- 1 and the input shaft right bearing 2-3 are supported in the reducer casing. An output gear 1-4 is fixedly connected on the input shaft 2-2, and the reduction mechanism is a two-stage reduction mechanism, and the reduction mechanism includes an intermediate shaft assembly 3, and the intermediate shaft assembly 3 includes an intermediate shaft 3-2, The intermediate shaft left bearing 3-1 and the intermediate shaft right bearing 3-4, an intermediate shaft gear 3-3 and a secondary driving gear 3-5 are fixedly connected on the intermediate shaft 3-2, and the intermediate shaft 3-2 has two ends are respectively supported on the reducer case by the countershaft left bearing 3-1 and the countershaft right bearing 3-4, the countershaft gear 3-3 meshes with the output gear 1-4, and the secondary driving gear 3- 5 Meshes with the main reduction gear 4-10, the power output by the drive motor 1 passes through the gear pair composed of the output gear 1-4 and the intermediate shaft gear 3-3 to achieve primary deceleration and torque increase, and the power passes through the intermediate shaft 3-2 through the secondary drive The gear pair formed by secondary and final reduction gears 4-10 realizes secondary deceleration and torque increase.

When the vehicle is driven by the above scheme, when the vehicle climbs or accelerates, the drive motor 1 is required to participate in the vehicle drive, the electronic control system of the vehicle controls the axial drive device 6, and the pusher 6-1 will be pushed out. At this time, the push head 6-1 will contact the signal disk 4-3 and generate a thrust to the signal disk 4-3. Under the action of this thrust, the signal disk 4-3 can overcome the elastic force of the return spring 4-4, And the axial movement occurs, and then drives the gear ring 4-5 to move. When the gear ring 4-5 moves a certain distance, the end face tooth a of the end face of the gear ring 4-5 will have the same structure as the end face tooth a of the end face of the planetary carrier 4-9. Engagement, realize torque transmission between gear ring 4-5 and planetary carrier 4-9 this moment. At this time, the drive motor 1 is working, and the power from the drive motor 1 can be transmitted to the final reduction gear 4-10, and then the power is transmitted to the gear ring 4-5 through the differential case, and the planetary carrier is driven by the structure of the end tooth a 4-9, and then transmitted to the planetary gear d group, and then transmitted to the drive shaft and wheels to realize the driving of the vehicle, that is, the electric drive assembly can participate in the driving and energy recovery of the vehicle and other working conditions. When the drive motor 1 is not required to participate in power output or capacity recovery, the drive motor 1 and the axial drive device 6 have no power output. The push head 6-1 of the axial drive device 6 is in the non-extruded state, since the signal disc 4-3 is subjected to the elastic force from the return spring 4-4, that is, the axial drive device 6 and the signal disc 4-3 are located at the outermost At the end, the gear ring 4-5 and the end face tooth a of the end face of the planet carrier 4-9 are separated, that is, there is no power between the gear ring 4-5 and the planet carrier 4-9. Since a rotatable planetary carrier 4-9 is loosely fitted in the differential case, the planetary carrier 4-9 can freely rotate in the differential case. At this moment, the motions of the planetary carrier 4-9 and the gear ring 4-5 are not affected by each other, and the gear ring 4-5 can not be dragged back. At this time, the power system of the front wheel of the vehicle can drive the vehicle independently; the driving motor 1, Input shaft assembly 2, center shaft assembly, and differential left case 4-2, differential right case 4-11, final reduction gear 4-10, gear ring, signal disc 4 in differential assembly 4 -3, etc. are in a static state, will not rotate with the wheels, and will not cause energy losses such as oil churning and friction, so as to achieve a certain purpose of energy saving. Adopting the present invention can facilitate the space arrangement of the front cabin of the hybrid vehicle, and can also facilitate the control of the power transmission and disconnection of the drive motor, prevent the drive motor from being dragged backwards, improve the efficiency of the whole vehicle, and save energy.

Claims (10)

1. A rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle, including a drive motor (1) and a reducer assembly (7), characterized in that: the reducer assembly (7) includes a Differential assembly (4), the differential case of the differential assembly is connected and fixed by the differential left case (4-2) and the differential right case (4-11) to form a box structure, the differential left housing (4-2) and the differential right housing (4-11) are respectively provided with an extension sleeve section (b) for the half shaft to pass through, and the extension sleeve section (b) passes through The bearing is supported on the reducer case, and a final reduction gear (4-10) is fixedly connected to the differential case, and the final reduction gear (4-10) receives the torque output from the drive motor (1), so A rotatable planetary carrier (4-9) is loosely fitted in the differential case, and a planetary gear shaft (4-7) is supported in the planetary carrier (4-9), and the planetary gear shaft (4-7 ) are respectively empty and symmetrically arranged planetary gears (d), and the differential left housing (4-2) and the differential right housing (4-11) each support a half meshing with the planetary gears (d). Shaft gear (4-6), one axial end face of the planet carrier (4-9) is provided with end face teeth (a) distributed along the annular end face of the planet carrier (4-9), and the differential housing is nested An axially movable gear ring (4-5), the end face teeth of the gear ring (4-5) are arranged on an axial end face corresponding to the end face teeth (a) of the planet carrier (4-9), the gear The other axial end of the ring (4-5) is provided with a plurality of axial mounting columns (e), and the gear ring (4-5) is connected to the corresponding setting on the differential case through the plurality of axial mounting columns (e). The through-holes cooperate to form circumferential positioning, and these axial mounting columns (e) extend out of the differential to jointly support a signal plate (4-3), which is set between the signal plate (4-3) and the differential housing A return spring (4-4), a driving device (6) for driving the axial displacement of the signal disc (4-3) is arranged on the reducer, and the push head (6-1) of the driving device (6) It can axially act on the outer end surface of the signal disc (4-3), and can drive the gear ring (4-5) to move axially relative to the differential case through the signal disc (4-3). A position sensor (5) for judging the axial position of the signal disc (4-3) is arranged inside, and the position sensor (5) and the axial drive device (6) are respectively electrically connected to the electronic control system. 2. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the left case of the differential (4-2) is in the shape of a hat, and the left case of the differential (4-2) -2) The left end is provided with an extension sleeve section (b) protruding from the center of the end face, and the right end edge of the differential left case (4-2) is connected and fixed with the differential right case (4-11). The left end surface of the differential left case (4-2) is provided with a plurality of through holes centered on the axis line of the differential left case (4-2) and equally divided by 360°. 3. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the gear ring (4-5) includes an engaging ring gear, and the lower end surface of the engaging ring gear is set for contact with The end face teeth (a) of the planet carrier (4-9) are engaged by the end face, and the upper end face of the engaging ring gear is provided with a plurality of axial mounting columns (e) centered on the axis line of the engaging ring gear and equally divided by 360°, The outer cylindrical surface of the axial mounting column (e) is equipped with the mounting shoulder (f) of the signal plate (4-3), the circumferential positioning surface (g), and the fixing groove of the collar; the signal plate ( 4-3) Sleeve on the positioning cylinder surface jointly formed by the circumferential positioning curved surfaces (g) of each axial mounting column (e), and perform axial limitation through the collar (n) and the mounting shoulder (f). 4. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reduction mechanism between the drive motor (1) and the differential, the torque output by the drive motor (1) passes through The reduction mechanism decelerates and increases the torque and transmits it to the final reduction gear (4-10). 5. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that: the reduction mechanism is a two-stage reduction mechanism, the reduction mechanism includes an intermediate shaft assembly (3), and the intermediate shaft assembly (3) Including the intermediate shaft (3-2), the left bearing of the intermediate shaft (3-1) and the right bearing of the intermediate shaft (3-4), the intermediate shaft (3-2) is fixedly connected with an intermediate shaft gear (3 -3), the secondary driving gear (3-5), the two ends of the intermediate shaft (3-2) are respectively supported on the reducer through the left bearing of the intermediate shaft (3-1) and the right bearing of the intermediate shaft (3-4) On the box body, the intermediate shaft gear (3-3) meshes with the output gear (1-4), and the secondary driving gear (3-5) meshes with the final reduction gear (4-10). 6. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the return spring (4-4) arranged between the signal plate (4-3) and the end face of the differential case ) is a top-to-top wave spring, butterfly spring or helical spring. 7. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive device (6) is a linear motor, an air cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder. 8. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the planetary gear shaft (4-7) is a cross planetary gear shaft, and the planetary gear shaft (4-7) Planetary gears (d) arranged symmetrically are respectively empty on the shaft rods. 9. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reducer is provided with at least three centered on the axis line of the signal disc (4-3) and equally divided by 360° drive unit (6). 10. The rear electric drive assembly of a hybrid electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drive motor (1) is a permanent magnet synchronous motor or an AC asynchronous motor.