CN108314748A - Extraction process of aloe peel pectin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an aloe peel pectin extraction process which comprises a cleaning step, an enzyme deactivation step, a drying and crushing step, an enzymolysis step, a centrifugation step, a concentration step, an alcohol precipitation step, a suction filtration step and a drying step, and finally a solid pectin product can be obtained. The method takes aloe vera skin as a raw material, utilizes an enzyme extraction and alcohol precipitation method to extract pectin in the aloe skin to obtain optimal technological parameters, and performs pectin extraction on the waste aloe skin after aloe processing to improve the added value of aloe.

Description

A kind of aloe bark pectin extraction process

technical field

The invention relates to a pectin extraction technology, in particular to a process for reusing aloe vera processing waste and using a cellulase to extract pectin from aloe bark.

Background technique

Pectin is a complex natural polymer polysaccharide, its main component is D-galacturonic acid, and it also contains rhamnose, xylose, arabinose and galactose. At present, the raw materials of pectin are mainly citrus peels, orange peels, lemon peels, apple peels, banana peels and other peels. Others such as sunflower dishes, peaches, kiwis, pineapple peels and sweet potatoes are also rich in pectin. Aloe (Aloe) skin is rich in pectin, but domestic enterprises that process aloe into food and health products have not considered the comprehensive utilization of aloe skin, resulting in waste of resources.

There are many studies on the extraction of pectin from citrus (tangerine, orange) peel in the laboratory. Zhang Shengyan used ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis to extract pectin from orange peel, studied the effects of pH, extraction temperature and extraction time on the extraction rate of pectin, and determined the optimal extraction process conditions. Dai Yujin and others used the ion exchange method to extract orange peel pectin. Feng Hongmei studied the extraction and rheological properties of citrus pectin. Hang Yuyu also carried out the acid extraction process and physical and chemical properties of pineapple pomace pectin. Geng Lijing and others used Aloe vera as raw material to extract the pectin in the skin and meat by acid hydrolysis and ethanol precipitation.

The above-mentioned acid extraction is a traditional industrial pectin production method, but its main disadvantages are: first, pectin is prone to partial hydrolysis in the extraction process, which reduces the molecular weight of pectin and affects the yield and viscosity of pectin. Gel performance, etc.; second, because the multivalent metal ions in the peel can be combined with pectin through ionic bonds, it has a sealing effect on pectin, affecting the hydrolysis and purity of pectin, and some low molecular substances and pigments, etc. Impurities bind pectin, which will lead to low pectin yield, weak gelling degree, high ash content, and poor color; in addition, the acid extraction generally has a relatively high temperature, between 80°C and 100°C.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of aloe bark pectin extraction process. The invention uses the aloe bark as raw material, extracts the pectin in the aloe bark by enzymatic extraction and alcohol precipitation method, obtains the optimal process parameters, and extracts the pectin from the discarded aloe bark after aloe processing to increase the added value of the aloe.

The object of the present invention adopts following technical scheme to realize: a kind of aloe bark pectin extraction process, comprises,

Cleaning steps: After separating the skin and flesh of fresh aloe vera, rinse it several times with clean water to remove sediment, dust and mucus impurities;

Enzyme-killing steps: put the washed aloe vera skin into a constant temperature water bath to kill enzymes;

The step of drying and pulverizing: put the aloe vera bark after deenzyme into a constant temperature blast drying oven for drying, and then pulverize to obtain powder for future use;

Enzymolysis steps: prepare hydrochloric acid solution in a constant temperature water bath, add cellulase, take the sieved aloe vera powder and add it to a constant temperature water bath, and keep warm for enzymolysis;

Steps of centrifugation: centrifuge the solution after enzymolysis in a centrifuge, and take the supernatant;

The step of concentrating: concentrating the supernatant;

Alcohol precipitation step: add absolute ethanol solution to the concentrated solution, and after standing for a while, get flocculent pectin;

Suction filtration step: Suction filtration of flocculent pectin solution to obtain white pectin precipitate;

Drying step: put the white pectin precipitate into a constant temperature blast drying box for drying to obtain a solid pectin product.

Further, in the step of inactivating the enzyme, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath is 60-80° C., and the aloe bark is kept in the constant temperature water bath for 8-15 minutes.

Further, in the step of drying and pulverizing, the temperature of the constant temperature forced air drying oven is 40-60° C., and the powder passes through a 60-mesh standard sieve for later use.

Further, in the step of enzymatic hydrolysis, the pH of the hydrochloric acid solution is 4.5-6.5.

Further, in the step of enzymolysis, the enzyme activity of the cellulase is 40,000 U/g, and the mass fraction of the cellulase is 0.2%; the solid-liquid ratio of the aloe vera powder and the hydrochloric acid solution is 1:(18 -22), the unit of solid-liquid ratio is g/mL.

Further, in the step of enzymatic hydrolysis, the enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 35-45° C., and the enzymatic hydrolysis time is 1-3 h.

Further, in the centrifugation step, the centrifugation conditions are as follows: the rotation speed is 4500-5500r/min and the centrifugation operation is 5-15min.

Further, in the step of concentrating, the supernatant is concentrated to 1/4 of the original volume.

Further, in the step of alcohol precipitation, the added amount of the absolute ethanol solution is 8 times the volume of the concentrated solution; the standing time is 25-35min.

Further, in the drying step, the drying condition is that the temperature is below 60° C. for 24 hours.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The invention uses the aloe bark as raw material, extracts the pectin in the aloe bark by enzymatic extraction and alcohol precipitation method, obtains the optimal process parameters, and extracts the pectin from the discarded aloe bark after aloe processing to increase the added value of the aloe. details as follows:

(1) From the perspective of extraction efficiency, compared with the prior art, the aloe peel pectin extraction material-liquid ratio of the present invention is lower, higher than the pectin extraction rate using fresh aloe peel, reaching 21.32%;

(2) From the perspective of process cost, the process of the present invention requires less instruments and equipment, the process flow is simple, and it is easier to realize factory production.

All in all, compared with the prior art, the present invention reduces 90% storage, transportation and operation space than directly extracting pectin from fresh aloe bark, reduces the solid-liquid ratio of acid extraction operation by 5%, and improves the yield of pectin by 17%. %, greatly improving operating efficiency and reducing operating costs.

Detailed ways

In the following, the present invention will be further described in conjunction with specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, on the premise of not conflicting, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be combined arbitrarily to form new embodiments.

In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, all parts and percentages are in weight units, and the equipment and raw materials used can be purchased from the market or commonly used in the field. The methods in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are conventional methods in the art.

A process for extracting aloe bark pectin, comprising:

Cleaning steps: After separating the skin and flesh of fresh aloe vera, rinse it several times with clean water to remove sediment, dust and mucus impurities;

The step of killing enzymes: putting the washed aloe bark into a constant temperature water bath to kill enzymes; as a further preferred solution, the temperature of the constant temperature water bath is 60-80°C, and the aloe bark is kept in a constant temperature water bath for 8-15 minutes .

The step of drying and pulverizing: putting the aloe bark after deenzyme into a constant temperature blast drying box for drying, and then pulverizing to obtain powder for subsequent use; as a further preferred scheme, the temperature of the constant temperature blast drying box is 40- At 60°C, the powder passed through a 60-mesh standard sieve for later use. Compared with using fresh aloe bark to directly extract pectin, the raw material used is the dry powder of aloe bark passed through a 60-mesh standard sieve, which is easy to store and can reduce the ratio of material to liquid in the extraction operation to 1:(18-22), the unit is g /mL.

Enzymolysis steps: prepare hydrochloric acid solution in a constant temperature water bath, add cellulase, take the sieved aloe vera powder and add it to a constant temperature water bath, and keep warm for enzymolysis; as a further preferred solution, the pH of the hydrochloric acid solution is 4.5-6.5 . The enzyme activity of described cellulase is 40,000 U/g, and the mass fraction of cellulase is 0.2%; The solid-liquid ratio of described aloe powder and hydrochloric acid solution is 1:(18-22) (unit is g/mL) . The enzymolysis temperature is 35-45°C, and the enzymolysis time is 1-3h.

In the enzymolysis process of the present invention, the pH value of the solution in the pectin extraction operation is 5.5, which reduces the overall consumption of hydrochloric acid and saves the energy consumption required for the subsequent enzymolysis process; the enzymolysis temperature in the process conditions is 40 ° C, which is relatively Compared with the traditional 90°C acid hydrolysis conditions, it is milder, easier to implement, and less energy consuming.

Step of centrifugation: centrifuge the solution after enzymolysis in a centrifuge, and take the supernatant; as a further preferred solution, the centrifugation conditions are as follows: centrifugation at 4500-5500r/min for 5-15min.

The step of concentrating: concentrating the supernatant; as a further preferred solution, the supernatant is concentrated to 1/4 of the original volume.

The step of alcohol precipitation: add absolute ethanol solution to the concentrated solution, and after standing for a while, flocculent pectin is obtained; as a further preferred solution, the amount of added absolute ethanol solution is 8 times the volume of the concentrated solution; the standing time 25-35min.

Suction filtration step: Suction filtration of flocculent pectin solution to obtain white pectin precipitate;

Drying step: put the white pectin precipitate into a constant temperature blast drying box for drying to obtain a solid pectin product. As a further preferred solution, the drying condition is drying at a temperature below 60° C. for 24 hours.

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, and the raw materials and equipment used in the following embodiments can be obtained by purchasing unless otherwise specified.

Among them, the instruments and equipment used are shown in Table 1, and the enzyme activity of the cellulase used is 40,000 U/g, purchased from Ningxia Xiasheng Industrial Group Co., Ltd.

Table 1 Main instruments and equipment

Example 1:

A process for extracting aloe bark pectin, comprising:

Cleaning steps: After separating the skin and flesh of fresh aloe vera, rinse it with clean water 3 times to remove sediment, dust and mucus impurities;

Steps for inactivating enzymes: Put the washed aloe bark into a constant temperature water bath and keep it at 80°C for 8 minutes to achieve the purpose of inactivating enzymes;

The step of drying and pulverizing: put the aloe vera bark after deactivation into a constant-temperature blast drying oven, dry it at 60°C, and then pulverize it and pass it through a 60-mesh standard sieve to obtain a powder for future use;

Enzymolysis steps: prepare a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 4.5 in a constant temperature water bath, add cellulase with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and take the sieved aloe vera powder at a ratio of 1:18 (g/mL) to the solid-liquid ratio Add it to a constant temperature water bath, and incubate at 35°C for 1 hour for enzymatic hydrolysis;

Centrifugation steps: Centrifuge the solution after enzymolysis at 4500r/min for 5 minutes in a centrifuge, and take the supernatant;

Concentration steps: Concentrate the supernatant to 1/4 of the original volume;

Alcohol precipitation step: add 8 times the volume of absolute ethanol solution to the concentrated solution, and leave it for 25 minutes to obtain flocculent pectin;

Suction filtration step: Suction filtration of flocculent pectin solution to obtain white pectin precipitate;

Drying steps: put the white pectin precipitate into a constant temperature blast drying oven, and dry at a temperature below 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a solid pectin product.

Example 2:

A process for extracting aloe bark pectin, comprising:

Cleaning steps: After separating the skin and flesh of fresh aloe vera, rinse it with clean water 3 times to remove sediment, dust and mucus impurities;

Steps for inactivating enzymes: Put the washed aloe bark into a constant temperature water bath and keep it at 80°C for 10 minutes to achieve the purpose of inactivating enzymes;

The step of drying and pulverizing: put the aloe vera bark after deactivation into a constant-temperature blast drying oven, dry it at 60°C, and then pulverize it and pass it through a 60-mesh standard sieve to obtain a powder for future use;

Enzymolysis steps: prepare a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 5.5 in a constant temperature water bath, add cellulase with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and take the sieved aloe vera powder at a ratio of 1:20 (g/mL) to the solid-liquid ratio Add it to a constant temperature water bath, and keep it at 40°C for 2 hours for enzymatic hydrolysis;

Centrifugation steps: Centrifuge the solution after enzymolysis in a centrifuge at 5000r/min for 10min, and take the supernatant;

Concentration steps: Concentrate the supernatant to 1/4 of the original volume;

Alcohol precipitation step: add 8 times the volume of absolute ethanol solution to the concentrated solution, and leave it for 30 minutes to obtain flocculent pectin;

Suction filtration step: Suction filtration of flocculent pectin solution to obtain white pectin precipitate;

Drying steps: put the white pectin precipitate into a constant temperature blast drying oven, and dry at a temperature below 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a solid pectin product.

Example 3:

A process for extracting aloe bark pectin, comprising:

Cleaning steps: After separating the skin and flesh of fresh aloe vera, rinse it with clean water 3 times to remove sediment, dust and mucus impurities;

Steps for inactivating enzymes: Put the washed aloe bark into a constant temperature water bath and keep it at 80°C for 15 minutes to achieve the purpose of inactivating enzymes;

The step of drying and pulverizing: put the aloe vera bark after deactivation into a constant-temperature blast drying oven, dry it at 60°C, and then pulverize it and pass it through a 60-mesh standard sieve to obtain a powder for future use;

Enzymolysis steps: prepare a hydrochloric acid solution with a pH of 6.5 in a constant temperature water bath, add cellulase with a mass fraction of 0.2%, and take the sieved aloe vera powder at a ratio of 1:22 (g/mL) to the solid-liquid ratio Add it to a constant temperature water bath, and keep it at 45°C for 2 hours for enzymatic hydrolysis;

Centrifugation steps: Centrifuge the solution after enzymolysis in a centrifuge at 5500r/min for 15min, and take the supernatant;

Concentration steps: Concentrate the supernatant to 1/4 of the original volume;

Alcohol precipitation step: add 8 times the volume of absolute ethanol solution to the concentrated solution, and leave it for 35 minutes to obtain flocculent pectin;

Suction filtration step: Suction filtration of flocculent pectin solution to obtain white pectin precipitate;

Drying steps: put the white pectin precipitate into a constant temperature blast drying oven, and dry at a temperature below 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a solid pectin product.

Evaluation

The yield of pectin in Examples 1-3 is detected, and the results show that compared with the prior art, the present invention reduces 90% storage, transportation and operation space than directly using the fresh skin of aloe to extract pectin. The ratio of solid to liquid is reduced by 5%, and the yield of pectin is increased by 17%, which greatly improves the operation efficiency and reduces the operation cost.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention. Scope of protection claimed.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of aloe skin pectous extracting method, it is characterised in that including,

The step of cleaning：After fresh aloe is carried out skin and flesh separation, several times with clear water rinsing, silt, dust and mucus are removed Impurity；

The step of enzyme deactivation：Aloe skin after cleaning is put into enzyme deactivation in thermostat water bath；

The step of drying and crushing：Aloe skin after enzyme deactivation is put into constant temperature blast drying oven and is dried, then through crushing, obtains powder End is with spare；

The step of enzymolysis：Hydrochloric acid solution is prepared in thermostat water bath, cellulase is added, and the Alose after sieving is taken to be added In thermostat water bath, heat preservation enzymolysis；

The step of centrifugation：By the solution after enzymolysis in centrifuge centrifugally operated, take supernatant；

The step of concentration：Supernatant is concentrated；

The step of alcohol precipitation：Ethanol solution is added into concentrate, places in a moment, obtains cotton-shaped pectin；

The step of suction filtration：Cotton-shaped pectin solution is filtered, white pectin sediment is obtained；

Dry step：White pectin sediment is put into constant temperature blast drying oven and is dried, you can obtains solid pectin production Product.

2. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the enzyme deactivation the step of, the constant temperature The temperature of water-bath is 60-80 DEG C, and aloe skin water-bath in thermostat water bath keeps 8-15min.

3. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described in the drying and crushing the step of The temperature of constant temperature blast drying oven is 40-60 DEG C, and the powder passes through spare after 60 mesh standard sieves.

4. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step of digesting, the hydrochloric acid PH value of solution is 4.5-6.5.

5. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step of digesting, the fiber The mass fraction of 40,000 U/g of enzyme activity of plain enzyme, cellulase are 0.2%；The solid-liquid ratio of the Alose and hydrochloric acid solution is 1:(18-22), solid-liquid ratio unit are g/mL.

6. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step of digesting, the enzymolysis Temperature is 35-45 DEG C, enzymolysis time 1-3h.

7. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step of centrifuging, the centrifugation Condition is as follows：Rotating speed is 4500-5500r/min centrifugally operateds 5-15min.

8. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step of concentrating, the supernatant Liquid is concentrated into the 1/4 of original volume.

9. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described anhydrous in the alcohol precipitation the step of The addition of ethanol solution is 8 times of amount volumes of concentrate；Standing time is 25-35min.

10. aloe skin pectous extracting method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in dry step, the drying Condition be temperature be 60 DEG C or less dryings for 24 hours.