CN108294753A - The acquisition methods and device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure - Google Patents
The acquisition methods and device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the present application discloses a kind of acquisition methods and device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, and for this method based on two groups of echoes in collected two different repetition times in the more echo sequences of operation three-dimensional gradient, it is T to build multiple unknown numbers1、And/or the linear equation of proton density, and ensure number of the number not less than the unknown number in linear equation of the linear equation constructed, obtain T by way of solving the solution of linear equation1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed.Therefore, the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application convert the process for obtaining quantitative information figure to the process for solving system of linear equations, the characteristics of there are a data to acquire, while obtaining 3 quantitative information figures.When obtaining each quantitative information figure, only patient need to once be acquired, without being taken multiple scan to patient, save a large amount of data acquisition time, improve data acquisition rate.
Description
Technical field
This application involves mr imaging technique field more particularly to a kind of acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure and
Device.
Background technology
Magnetic resonance imaging (Magnetic Resonance Imaging, MRI) basic principle is：Proton in tissue
(hydrogen atom) there is spin motion to generate magnetic moment.Under the effect of strong homogeneous main magnetic field, the spin Hydrogen Proton of this No- L aw Order is certainly
Gyromagnet square can be arranged along main field direction, form macroscopic moment.Radio-frequency pulse excitation under, macroscopic magnetization vector will be turned to
The vertical direction of main field, can be received in precession rotary course by radio-frequency receiving system, to generate electromagnetic induction signal,
It rebuilds to form various magnetic resonance image by corresponding data.
Traditional magnetic resonance image mainly includes the qualitative picture such as T of different contrast property1Weighting, T2Weighting, proton are close
Degree weighting, diffusion-weighted, magnetic susceptibility weighting etc..But what magnetic resonance image can provide runs far deeper than these qualitative informations, also
Magnetic resonance quantitative information can be provided.The magnetic resonance quantitative information especially in cranial nerve scientific research and faces medical diagnosis on disease
Bed application aspect is even more important.Corresponding with the qualitative picture of different contrast property, magnetic resonance quantitative information figure includes T1It is fixed
Measure hum pattern (T1Mapping), T2Quantitative information figure (T2Mapping), proton density figure (PD mapping), the apparent expansion of disperse
Dissipate coefficient figure (ADC mapping) etc..
Existing magnetic resonance quantitative technique is all conceived to the measurement of single magnetic resonance quantitative parameter information, such as using only
Multi collect data carry out the Fitting Calculation T1It is quantitative, or corresponding MR data of multiple echo times is individually acquired to obtain T2
It is quantitative.One of the shortcomings that these technologies is can only to obtain single quantitative information figure every time, is unable to the multiple quantitative letters of integrated use
Breath figure is precisely diagnosed；Disadvantage second is that acquisition time is too long, can be up to as long as half an hour sometimes, the tolerance for patient
Degree is prodigious test；When especially needing to obtain multiple quantitative information figures, multiple sequences is needed separately to acquire, it is required to adopt
The collection time is the sum of the independent acquisition time of each quantitative information figure.In addition, data acquisition time is long, patient acquires in data
Non-autonomous movement may be will produce in the process, which can seriously affect the registration between each quantitative information figure, give
Quantitative analysis diagnosis makes troubles.
Invention content
In view of this, this application provides a kind of acquisition methods and device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, once to adopt
Multiple quantitative informations can be obtained during collection simultaneously, and shorten data acquisition time.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the embodiment of the present application uses following technical solution：
A kind of acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure includes T1Quantitative figure,It is fixed
Spirogram and proton density are quantitatively schemed, the method includes：
Obtain within the first repetition time of a three-dimensional gradient more echo sequences operation collected first group of echo and
Collected second group of echo in second repetition time；First group of echo and second group of echo include N number of difference
The magnetic resonance gradient echo of echo time；Each magnetic resonance gradient echo in first group of echo and second group of echo
It is identical in the echo time of corresponding acquisition position；In corresponding acquisition position in first group of echo and second group of echo
For the acquisition parameter of echo other than flip angle is different, other acquisition parameters are identical；N >=3, and N is integer；
By the T of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and tissue1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away time's
Relationship is separately converted to the ratio and T of magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue
Die-away timeRelationship；
According to the ratio and T of each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density with
And the die-away time of tissueRelationship build multiple linear equations；The solution for solving linear equation, to obtain T1Quantitative figure,
Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, whereinForInverse.
Optionally, the ratio and T according to each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1When relaxation
Between, die-away time of proton density and tissueRelationship build multiple linear equations；The solution for solving linear equation, to
To T1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, and specifically include：
According to the ratio and T of each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density with
And the die-away time of tissueRelationship structure unknown number be T1N number of first linear equation；
Simultaneous solution is carried out to N number of first linear equation, obtains T1, to obtain T1Quantitative figure；
The T that solution is obtained1Quantitative figure is updated to the ladder of each magnetic resonance in first group of echo or second group of echo respectively
Spend the ratio and T of echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship in,
Obtaining unknown number isWith N number of equation of proton density；
It is to unknown numberIt performs mathematical calculations operation with N number of equation of proton density, obtaining unknown number isAnd proton
N number of second linear equation of density；
Simultaneous solution is carried out to N number of second linear equation, is obtainedAnd proton density, to obtainQuantitative figure and matter
Sub- density is quantitatively schemed.
Optionally, according to the ratio and T of each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, matter
The die-away time of sub- density and tissueRelationship structure unknown number be T1N number of first linear equation, specifically include：
Just by identical magnetic resonance gradient echo of each echo time and flip angle in second group of echo and first group of echo
The ratio and T of string value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship subtract each other respectively, obtain N number of T1For
First linear equation of unknown number.
Optionally, it is to unknown numberIt performs mathematical calculations operation with N number of equation of proton density, obtaining unknown number is
With N number of second linear equation of proton density, specifically include：
It is to unknown numberIt with N number of equation of proton density carries out that logarithm operation is taken to operate, obtaining unknown number isAnd matter
N number of second linear equation of sub- density.
Optionally, the solution for solving linear equation, specifically includes：
The solution of linear equation is solved by least square method.
Optionally, described by each magnetic resonance gradient echo and T1When the decaying in relaxation time, proton density and tissue
BetweenRelationship be separately converted to the ratio and T of magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density with
And the die-away time of tissueRelationship, specifically include：
Convert relationship formula (I) to relationship formula (II)；
Wherein, the relationship formula (I) is specially：
The relationship formula (II) is specially：
In formula, S is magnetic resonance gradient echo, and θ is flip angle, ρ0For proton density, TR is the repetition time, when TE is echo
Between, T1For the relaxation time,For the die-away time of tissue；E1=exp (- TR/T1)。
A kind of acquisition device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure includes T1Quantitative figure,It is fixed
Spirogram and proton density are quantitatively schemed, and described device includes：
Echo acquiring unit is acquired for obtaining within the first repetition time of the more echo sequence operations of a three-dimensional gradient
The first group of echo and collected second group of echo in the second repetition time arrived；First group of echo and it is described second group return
Wave includes the magnetic resonance gradient echo of N number of different echo times；It is each in first group of echo and second group of echo
A magnetic resonance gradient echo is identical in the echo time of corresponding acquisition position；In first group of echo and second group of echo
The acquisition parameter of echo of acquisition position is being corresponded to other than flip angle is different, other acquisition parameters are identical；N >=3, and N
For integer；
Transformation unit is used for the T of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and tissue1Relaxation time, proton density and
The die-away time of tissueRelationship be separately converted to the ratio and T of magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1When relaxation
Between, die-away time of proton density and tissueRelationship；
Equation structure solve unit, for according to the ratio of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value with
T1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship build multiple linear equations；Solve linear equation
Solution, to obtain T1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, whereinForInverse.
Optionally, the transformation unit, specifically includes：
First structure subelement, for the ratio and T according to each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1
Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship structure unknown number be T1N number of first linear equation；
First computation subunit obtains T for carrying out simultaneous solution to N number of first linear equation1, to obtain T1It is quantitative
Figure；
Subelement is substituted into, for obtained T will to be solved1Quantitative figure is updated to respectively in first group of echo or second group of echo
Each magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value ratio and T1When the decaying in relaxation time, proton density and tissue
BetweenRelationship in, obtaining unknown number isWith N number of equation of proton density；
Mathematical operation operates subelement, for being to unknown numberIt performs mathematical calculations behaviour with N number of equation of proton density
Make, obtaining unknown number isWith N number of second linear equation of proton density；
Second computation subunit is obtained for carrying out simultaneous solution to N number of second linear equationAnd proton density, from
And it obtainsQuantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed.
Optionally, the first structure subelement, specifically includes：By each echo in second group of echo and first group of echo
The ratio and T of time identical magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue decline
Subtract the timeRelationship subtract each other respectively, obtain N number of T1For the linear equation of unknown number.
Optionally, the mathematical operation operates subelement, specifically includes：It is to unknown numberWith N number of side of proton density
Cheng Jinhang takes logarithm operation to operate, and obtains unknown number and isWith N number of second linear equation of proton density.
Compared to the prior art, the application has the advantages that：
Based on above technical scheme it is found that the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application, base
Two groups of echoes within collected two different repetition times in the more echo sequences of operation three-dimensional gradient, structure are multiple unknown
Number is T1、And/or the linear equation of proton density, and ensure that the number of the linear equation constructed is not less than linear equation
In unknown number number, obtaining T by way of solving the solution of linear equation1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure and proton are close
The quantitative figure of degree.Therefore, the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application will obtain quantitative information figure
Process is converted into the process for solving system of linear equations, there are a data to acquire, while obtaining the spy of 3 quantitative information figures
Point.Therefore, compared to the prior art, method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be obtained 3 by a data acquisition
Quantitative information figure carries out data acquisition, moreover, method provided by the embodiments of the present application is respectively without each quantitative information figure
When obtaining each quantitative information figure, only patient need to once be acquired, it, therefore, should without being taken multiple scan to patient
Method saves a large amount of data acquisition time, improves data acquisition rate.
In addition, the data for multiple quantitative information figures that this method obtains are when the more echo sequences of a three-dimensional gradient allow
It is collected after i.e. primary excitation, therefore, there is no scheme caused by movement of patient between each quantitative information figure of acquisition
It as unmatched problem, is exactly matched between obtained each quantitative information figure, therefore, it is possible to by comparing multiple
Quantitative information figure more accurately diagnoses to help clinician to make.
Description of the drawings
In order to which the specific implementation mode of the application is expressly understood, used when the application specific implementation mode is described below
Attached drawing do a brief description.
Fig. 1 is the more echo sequence schematic diagrames of the common three-dimensional gradient of industry；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application；
Fig. 3 is the more echo sequence schematic diagrames of three-dimensional gradient shown in the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 4 is the flow diagram of a concrete mode of step S23 provided by the embodiments of the present application；
Fig. 5 A to Fig. 5 C are to be got by the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application
T1Quantitative figure, proton density quantitatively scheme andQuantitative figure；
Fig. 6 is the control device structural representation for the acquisition methods that the embodiment of the present application is used to execute magnetic resonance quantitative information figure
Figure；
Fig. 7 is the acquisition device structural schematic diagram of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Specific implementation mode
In order to which the specific implementation mode of the application is expressly understood, used when the application specific implementation mode is described below
Technical term.
T1It is T that time, which is when the magnetization vector of the longitudinal axis increases to 63% by 0,1Relaxation time (also referred to as longitudinal magnetization vector).
T2Relaxation time is that transverse magnetization vector intensity is decayed to the time needed for 37% by maximum value.
Time be transverse magnetisation decay when due to the factors such as Magnetic field inhomogeneity degree cause faster dephasing back magnetization vector it is strong
Degree decays to the time needed for 37% by maximum value, tissueLess than the T of tissue2Relaxation time.
ForInverse, can also useTo weigh the decaying of transverse magnetization vector intensity.
Gtadient echo (GRE, gradient echo) is exactly the echo letter generated by the overturning in relation to gradient field direction
Number.Gtadient echo is called an echo (filed echo), and both its main distinction with spin echo, which is, generates swashing for echo
Encourage mode difference.GRE sequences are always started with a RF pulse less than 90 °.
In GRE sequences, RF excitation pulses one terminate, and just apply one on readout gradient direction and first bear rear positive gradient
.The direction change of gradient pulse is traditionally known as gradient flip.Therefore, proton group successively meet again by experience dephasing-phase
Process, to generate echo-signal.
Repetition time (the repetition time, abbreviation TR) refers to pulse train and executes a required time,
It is to occur the time undergone occur to the same pulse of next cycle from a RF driving pulse.As unit of millisecond.TR is determined
Time between one RF pulse and next RF pulses.TR is the determinant and picture contrast of sweep speed
(T1、T2With proton density contrast) main controlling elements..
It is required that echo time (the echo time, abbreviation TE) refers to the generation from first RF pulse to echo-signal
Time, in more echo sequences, the time that RF pulses occur to first echo-signal is known as TE1, until second echo-signal
Time be known as TE2.And so on.The contrast that TE with TR co-determination figures are compared.
In order to each concept in the more echo sequences of three-dimensional gradient is expressly understood, please refer to Fig.1 shown in three-dimensional gradient
More echo sequence schematic diagrames.In sequence shown in Fig. 1, example goes out two pulse periods, i.e. two repetition times TR1 and TR2.
Within each repetition time, it is provided with 4 echo acquirement windows, each echo acquirement window corresponding echo time is respectively TE1、
TE2、TE3And TE4。
T1Quantitative figure (T1Mapping) tissue T can be described1The variation in relaxation time.
Proton density, which quantitatively schemes (PD mapping), can describe the variation of water content in tissue.
Mapping causes the factor of magnetic susceptibility variation very sensitive tissue iron content element variation etc..So comprehensive
With T1Quantitative figure, proton density quantitatively scheme,Quantitatively scheme these three quantitative informations, it is especially refreshing for the diagnosis of histopathology
Accurate diagnosis through system lesion is very helpful.
It is required to disease when conventional MRI acquisition method will obtain each quantitative information figure in magnetic resonance imaging arts
People takes multiple scan, such as needs to obtain T1When mapping, conventional MRI acquisition method needs to run multiple acquisition sequences
It is fitted to obtain T to acquire the magnetic resonance signal under multiple flip angles1Value.It needs to obtain T2When mapping, conventional MRI is adopted
Set method needs to run multiple acquisition sequences to acquire the magnetic resonance signal under multiple and different echo times, and then passes through signal
Attenuation curve is fitted to obtain T2Value, moreover, when acquisition echo negligible amounts, the quantitative values fitted are only approximation, are not allowed
Really, therefore, it is accurately quantified in order to get, needs to acquire greater number of echo data, so, quantitative information diagram data
Conventional MRI signal acquisition method very take.It is required and when needing while obtaining multiple quantitative information figures
Acquisition time is often the sum of the independent acquisition time of each quantitative information figure.In this way, existing magnetic resonance data acquisition method
Acquisition time is too long, can be up to as long as half an hour sometimes, the tolerance level for patient is prodigious test；It especially needs to obtain
When multiple quantitative information figures, multiple sequences is needed separately to acquire, required acquisition time is the independent of each quantitative information figure
The sum of acquisition time.
In addition, because the data of each quantitative information figure are to separate acquisition, patient may produce in data acquisition
Raw non-autonomous movement, the non-autonomous movement can seriously affect the registration between each quantitative information figure, specified rate analyzing and diagnosing band
To bother.
Based on this, the embodiment of the present application is based on collected two different repetitions in the more echo sequences of operation three-dimensional gradient
Two groups of echoes in time, other than flip angle is different, other acquisition parameter all sames are based on the acquisition parameter of two groups of echoes
It is T that two groups of echoes, which build multiple unknown numbers,1、And/or the linear equation of proton density, and ensure the linear side constructed
The number of journey is not less than the number of the unknown number in linear equation, and T is obtained by way of solving the solution of linear equation1It is quantitative
Figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed.Therefore, the acquisition side of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application
Method converts the process for obtaining quantitative information figure to the process for solving system of linear equations, and there are a data to acquire, simultaneously
The characteristics of to 3 quantitative information figures.Therefore, compared to the prior art, method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be by primary
Data acquisition can be obtained 3 quantitative information figures, data acquisition be carried out respectively without each quantitative information figure, moreover, this Shen
Please embodiment provide method be obtain each quantitative information figure when, only patient need to once be acquired, without to patient
It takes multiple scan, therefore, this method save a large amount of data acquisition times, improve data acquisition rate.
In addition, the data for multiple quantitative information figures that this method obtains are when the more echo sequences of a three-dimensional gradient allow
It is collected after i.e. primary excitation, therefore, there is no scheme caused by movement of patient between each quantitative information figure of acquisition
It as unmatched problem, is exactly matched between obtained each quantitative information figure, therefore, it is possible to by comparing multiple
Quantitative information figure more accurately diagnoses to help clinician to make.
It is to be appreciated that the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure described in the embodiment of the present application includes T1 quantitatively schemes, R2*Quantitative figure and
Proton density is quantitatively schemed.
The specific implementation mode of the application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2 show a kind of flow chart of the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application, asks
With reference to Fig. 2, this method includes：
S21：It obtains and is returned for collected first group within the first repetition time of the more echo sequence operations of a three-dimensional gradient
Wave and collected second group of echo in the second repetition time.
The specific implementation side of this step is described in detail with reference to the more echo sequence schematic diagrames of three-dimensional gradient shown in Fig. 3
Formula.
The embodiment of the present application is in the first repetition time TR1 of three-dimensional gradient more echo sequences operation and the second repetition time
N number of collecting window is both provided in TR2, each collecting window can acquire the corresponding echo in the position.The embodiment of the present application will be same
Collected N number of echo is known as one group of echo in one repetition time.Specifically, the embodiment of the present application will be in the first repetition time
Interior collected N number of echo is known as first group of echo, collected N number of echo will be known as second group time within the second repetition time
Wave.
Wherein, each magnetic resonance gradient echo in first group of echo can use E11、E12…E1nIt indicates, each magnetic is total
The gtadient echo that the shakes corresponding echo time uses TE respectively11、TE12…TE1nIt indicates.Each magnetic resonance gradient in second group of echo
Echo can use E21、E22…E2nIt indicates, each magnetic resonance gradient echo corresponding echo time uses TE respectively21、TE22…
TE2nIt indicates.
Linear equation can be subsequently built for convenience, each magnetic resonance ladder in first group of echo and second group of echo
The echo time for spending echo in corresponding acquisition position is identical.That is, TE11=TE12, TE12=TE22..., TE1n=TE2n。
In the embodiment of the present application, the corresponding flip angle of N number of echo in first group of echo is identical, uses θ1It indicates, the
The corresponding flip angle of N number of echo in two groups of echoes is identical, uses θ2It indicates.Due to T1The overturning in relaxation time and echo-signal
Angle is related, can be by acquiring the echo-signal of different flip angles to determine T1Relaxation time.Based on this, in order to obtain T1
Relaxation time, first group of echo and second group of echo are corresponding to the acquisition parameter of the echo of acquisition position in addition to flip angle (i.e. θ1≠
θ2) different outer, other acquisition parameters are identical, and other acquisition parameters include but not limited to following parameter：Repetition time TR with
And corresponding echo time TE.
In addition, due to first group of echo and second group of echo corresponding acquisition position acquisition parameter in addition to flip angle it
Outside, other acquisition parameters are identical, therefore the image between each echo is registrated completely, provided soon for magnetic resonance Precise Diagnosis
The accurate quantitative information of speed.
In addition, being intended to structure in the embodiment of the present application with T1、And the simultaneous equations that proton density is unknown number, lead to
Solution equation is crossed, to obtain the solution of unknown number, to obtain T1、And proton density, and then get T1Quantitative figure,It is fixed
Spirogram and proton density are quantitatively schemed.Therefore, the equation number of simultaneous equations must not drop below the number of unknown number, thus simultaneous
The number of the equation of equation must not drop below 3.And in the embodiment of the present application, an echo time, corresponding echo can be built
One equation, so, three echo times corresponding echo is at least needed, therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, when a repetition
It is interior at least to acquire three echo times corresponding echo, therefore, N >=3, and N is integer.
S22：By the T of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and tissue1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship be separately converted to the ratio and T of magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and
The die-away time of tissueRelationship.
In the embodiment of the present application, the T of collected each magnetic resonance gradient echo-signal and tissue1Relaxation time, matter
The die-away time of sub- density and tissueThere are certain relationship, which can be described with relational expression (1), following institute
Show：
Wherein, S is magnetic resonance gradient echo, and θ is flip angle, ρ0To organize proton density, TR is repetition time, T1For group
The T knitted1Relaxation time, TE are the echo time,For tissueDie-away time, ρ0、T1AndThese three parameters are to need to determine
Measure the relative density parameter and relaxation parameter of the tissue solved.
In order to simplify calculate, facilitate subsequent conversion at unknown number be ρ0、T1AndLinear equation, the embodiment of the present application
Can on the basis of relational expression (1), both sides simultaneously divided by sin θ, obtain relational expression (2), further, can also be in relationship
Formula (2) both sides can also be multiplied by 1-cos θ * exp (- TR/T simultaneously1), relational expression (1) can be converted as follows：
Further, 1-cos θ * exp (- TR/T can also can also be simultaneously multiplied by relational expression (2) both sides1), and be
It is further simplified relationship relational expression, can will need the T of quantitative solving1Information E1It indicates, sets E1=exp (- TR/T1),
And then relational expression (3) is obtained, as follows：
It is added simultaneously on the equal sign both sides of relational expression (3)Relational expression (4) can be obtained, as follows：
Above-mentioned relation formula (4) can be considered as the ratio and T of transformed magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1It relaxes
The Henan time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship.
In this step, can will each magnetic resonance gradient echo and tissue shown in relational expression (1) T1It relaxes
The Henan time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship be separately converted to shown in relational expression (4) magnetic resonance ladder
Spend the ratio and T of echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship.Also
It is to say, each magnetic resonance gradient echo that can be directed in first group of echo and second group of echo is established as shown in relational expression (1)
Relationship relational expression, by being further converted to the relational expression as shown in relational expression (4).In this way, 2N magnetic can be obtained altogether
Relationship shown in the corresponding relational expression of resonance gradient echo (4).In relational expression (4), in addition to E1、ρ0WithOutside, other parameters are equal
For datum.
S23：According to the ratio and T of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density with
And the die-away time of tissueRelationship build multiple linear equations, the multiple linear equation of simultaneous solves, to obtain T1It is fixed
Spirogram,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed.
This step can be specially：Shown in the corresponding formula (4) of 2N magnetic resonance gradient echo obtained to above-mentioned steps S22
Relationship carry out various mathematical operations, be T to construct multiple unknown numbers1、And proton density is the linear of unknown number
Equation.
It should be noted that T1Value is related with flip angle, can be obtained by the way that different flip angles is arranged, thus, as
The example of the application, T1Value can be solved to obtain by the corresponding two groups of echoes of two difference flip angles.Work as T1Value is asked
It, can be by the T after solution obtains1To being updated in relational expression (4), only include to obtain unknown numberAnd the side of proton density
Journey makes it be converted to linear relationship by carrying out processing conversion to the equation.In this way, calculation amount can be simplified, improves and calculate effect
Rate.
Based on this, as the possible realization method of the application, as shown in figure 4, step S23 can specifically include with
Lower step：
S231：It is E to build unknown number according to 2N relational expression (4)1N number of first linear equation.
As previously mentioned, in the embodiment of the present application, in 2N magnetic resonance gradient echo of acquisition, when being repeated due to first
The echo E of interior acquisition11~E1nThe corresponding echo time respectively with the echo E that is acquired in the second repetition time21~E2nIt is corresponding
Echo time is identical, and flip angle is different.That is, TE11=TE21, TE12=TE22..., TE1n=TE2n, θ1≠θ2.And the
One repetition time is equal with the second repetition time.
Based on this, E11With E21Section 2 on the right of corresponding relational expression (4) equal sign is
It is identical, E12With E22Section 2 on the right of corresponding relational expression (4) equal sign is identical, E11With E21On the right of corresponding relational expression (4) equal sign
Section 2 it is identical, and so on, E1nWith E2nSection 2 on the right of corresponding relational expression (4) equal sign is identical.It therefore, will be
In one repetition time collected N number of echo subtract each other respectively with N number of echo of corresponding position in the second repetition time make it is poor, obtain
N number of and E1Relevant linear equation, as follows：
In order to facilitate understanding, formula (5) can also the universal equation formula shown in formula (6) be indicated, it is as a result as follows：
a2-a1=E1*(b2-b1) (6)
Wherein, a1、a2、b1And b2The related coefficients such as a kind of and echo-signal and its flip angle can be considered as.
S232：To the N number of first linear solving simultaneous equation, E is obtained1。
Accurate E in order to obtain1Value, this step can solve the first solution of equations by least square method, from
And E can be accurately obtained1Value.
Wherein, it is E that least square method, which is only to above-mentioned unknown number,1The first linear equation solution a kind of realization side
Formula in the embodiment of the present application in other possible realization methods, can also be solved, the embodiment of the present application using other methods
This is not limited.
S233：According to E1With T1Relationship, solution obtain T1。
According to E1=exp (- TR/T1), obtain T1Calculation formula, i.e. T1=-TR/lnE1.In this way, according to the first linear side
The solution E of journey1It can solve to obtain T1.The T obtained according to solution1, T can be obtained1Quantitative figure.
S234：The T that solution is obtained1Value, the N number of magnetic resonance ladder being updated to respectively in first group of echo or second group of echo
Relationship shown in the corresponding formula (4) of echo is spent, respectively obtaining N number of unknown number isWith the equation of proton density.
Work as T1After value solution obtains, in addition to ρ in relational expression (4)0WithOutside, other is all datum.
It is ρ to construct unknown number0WithMultiple equations, due to each echo time TE in the different repetition times
Difference therefore can be according to the corresponding echo of multiple and different echo times in the same repetition time (i.e. in same group of echo
Multiple echoes) to build unknown number beWith the equation of proton density.
Based on this, the embodiment of the present application will solve obtained T1Value is updated to first group of echo or second group of echo respectively
Relationship shown in the corresponding formula (4) of N number of magnetic resonance gradient echo, respectively obtaining N number of unknown number isWith the equation of proton density.
As an example, the T that solution is obtained1N number of magnetic resonance gradient echo that value is updated to first group of echo respectively corresponds to
Formula (4) shown in relationship, respectively obtaining N number of unknown number isIt is specific as follows with the equation of proton density：
S235：It is to each unknown numberIt carries out taking logarithm operation with the equation of proton density, respectively obtains N number of unknown number
ForWith the second linear equation of proton density.
Because in relational expression (4), there are power exponentiations, can be by taking logarithm operation by relational expression in order to simplify operation
(4) relational expression with linear relationship is converted to.
It, can be by the first item on the equal sign left side in relational expression (4) before carrying out taking logarithm operation in order to simplify relational expressionThe equal sign left side is moved on to, to obtain relational expression (8)：
SettingTo which relational expression (8) equivalence is converted to relational expression (9).
Then relational expression (9) is carried out being derived from right logarithm operation, obtains relational expression (10).
CauseSo relational expression (10) can be converted to relational expression (11)：
In the relational expression (11) of each echo, in addition to proton density ρ0WithOutside, other parameters are datum.Cause
This, it is the second line shown in (10) that can construct N number of relational expression by N number of echo in first group of echo or second group of echo
Property equation.
By taking first group of echo as an example, obtained N number of second linear equation is respectively：
In relational expression (12), Sc11For echo E11Corresponding Sc values, Sc12For echo E12Corresponding Sc values ... ..., Sc1N
For echo E1NCorresponding Sc values.
It is to be appreciated that above-mentioned example is to unknown numberTake the logarithm operation operation to be only with the equation of proton density
It is to unknown numberPerform mathematical calculations an example of operation with the equation of proton density.In fact, the embodiment of the present application, no
Be limited to it is above-mentioned shown in take log operations, can be by unknown number with otherLine is converted to the equation of proton density
Property equation other mathematical operations operation.
S236：To N number of second linear equation simultaneous solution, obtainWith proton density ρ0。
In order to obtain accuratelyWith proton density ρ0, the embodiment of the present application may be used least square method and solves the
Bilinear non trivial solution, obtainsWith proton density ρ0。
It is to be appreciated that least square method is only to be to unknown numberAnd the second linear equation simultaneous of proton density is asked
A kind of realization method of solution, in the embodiment of the present application in other possible realization methods, can also be asked using other methods
Solution, the embodiment of the present application do not limit this.
It is the specific implementation of the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application above, at this
In specific implementation, based on two groups in collected two different repetition times in the more echo sequences of operation three-dimensional gradient
Echo, for the acquisition parameter of two groups of echoes other than flip angle is different, other acquisition parameter all sames are based on two groups of echo structures
It is T to build multiple unknown numbers1、And/or the linear equation of proton density, and ensure that the number of the linear equation constructed is not small
The number of unknown number in linear equation obtains T by way of solving the solution of linear equation1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure
And proton density is quantitatively schemed.Therefore, the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application will be determined
The process of amount hum pattern is converted into the process for solving system of linear equations, and there are a data to acquire, while obtaining 3 quantitative letters
The characteristics of breath figure.Therefore, compared to the prior art, method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be acquired by a data
3 quantitative information figures are obtained, data acquisition is carried out respectively without each quantitative information figure, moreover, the embodiment of the present application provides
Method be obtain each quantitative information figure when, only patient need to once be acquired, without being taken multiple scan to patient,
Therefore, this method save a large amount of data acquisition time, data acquisition rate is improved.
In addition, the data for multiple quantitative information figures that this method obtains are when the more echo sequences of a three-dimensional gradient allow
It is collected after i.e. primary excitation, therefore, there is no scheme caused by movement of patient between each quantitative information figure of acquisition
It as unmatched problem, is exactly matched between obtained each quantitative information figure, therefore, it is possible to by comparing multiple
Quantitative information figure more accurately diagnoses to help clinician to make.
In addition, the acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the present application have already passed through abundant experiment, verification proves
Its is practical, obtained T1Quantitative figure (T1Mapping), proton density quantitatively schemes (PDmapping),Quantitatively scheme (
Mapping) respectively as shown in fig. 5A to 5C.Compared with existing quantitative empirical value, quantitative values that the embodiment of the present application obtains
Result of calculation is more accurate, and therefore, multiple quantitative figures that this method obtains can help clinician to make more accurately to examine
It is disconnected.
The acquisition methods of the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure of above-described embodiment can be as shown in Figure 6 control device execute.Fig. 6
Shown in control device include processor (processor) 610, communication interface (Communications Interface) 520,
Memory (memory) 630, bus 640.Processor 610, communication interface 620, memory 630 are completed mutually by bus 640
Between communication.
Wherein, the logical order of the acquisition of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, the memory example can be stored in memory 630
Such as can be nonvolatile memory (non-volatile memory).Processor 610, which can call, to be executed in memory 630
MR image reconstruction logical order, to execute the acquisition methods of above-mentioned magnetic resonance quantitative information figure.As embodiment,
The logical order of the acquisition of the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure can the corresponding program of software in order to control, execute the instruction in processor
When, control device can accordingly show the corresponding function interface of the instruction on display interface.
If the function of the logical order of the acquisition of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure is realized in the form of SFU software functional unit simultaneously
When sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on such reason
Solution, substantially the part of the part that contributes to existing technology or the technical solution can in other words for the technical solution of the disclosure
To be expressed in the form of software products, which is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions
With so that computer equipment (can be personal computer, server or the network equipment an etc.) execution present invention is each
The all or part of step of embodiment method.And storage medium above-mentioned includes：USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM,
Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD etc. it is various
The medium of program code can be stored.
The logical order of the acquisition of above-mentioned magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, is properly termed as that " magnetic resonance quantitative information figure obtains
Take device ", which can be divided into each function module.Referring specifically to following embodiment.
The specific implementation mode of the acquisition device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application is described below.
Fig. 7 is the acquisition device structural schematic diagram of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application.Such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show, the acquisition device of the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure includes：
Echo acquiring unit 71 is adopted for obtaining within the first repetition time of the more echo sequence operations of a three-dimensional gradient
The first group of echo and collected second group of echo in the second repetition time collected；First group of echo and second group described
Echo includes the magnetic resonance gradient echo of N number of different echo times；In first group of echo and second group of echo
Each magnetic resonance gradient echo is identical in the echo time of corresponding acquisition position；First group of echo and second group of echo
In corresponding acquisition position echo acquisition parameter other than flip angle is different, other acquisition parameters are identical；N >=3, and
N is integer；
Transformation unit 72 is used for the T of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and tissue1Relaxation time, proton density with
And the die-away time of tissueRelationship be separately converted to the ratio and T of magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation
Time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship；
Equation structure solves unit 73, for the ratio according to each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value
With T1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship build multiple linear equations；Solve linear equation
Solution, to obtain T1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, whereinForInverse.
As the example of the application, transformation unit 72 can specifically include：
First structure subelement, for the ratio and T according to each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1
Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship structure unknown number be T1N number of first linear equation；
First computation subunit obtains T for carrying out simultaneous solution to N number of first linear equation1, to obtain T1It is quantitative
Figure；
Subelement is substituted into, for obtained T will to be solved1Quantitative figure is updated to respectively in first group of echo or second group of echo
Each magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value ratio and T1When the decaying in relaxation time, proton density and tissue
BetweenRelationship in, obtaining unknown number isWith N number of equation of proton density；
Mathematical operation operates subelement, for being to unknown numberIt performs mathematical calculations behaviour with N number of equation of proton density
Make, obtaining unknown number isWith N number of second linear equation of proton density；
Second computation subunit is obtained for carrying out simultaneous solution to N number of second linear equationAnd proton density, from
And it obtainsQuantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed.
As the specific example of the application, the first structure subelement can specifically include：By second group of echo and first
The ratio and T of each echo time identical magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value in group echo1Relaxation time, proton
The die-away time of density and tissueRelationship subtract each other respectively, obtain N number of T1For the linear equation of unknown number.
As another specific example of the application, mathematical operation operation subelement can specifically include：It is to unknown numberWith
N number of equation of proton density carries out that logarithm operation is taken to operate, and obtains unknown number and isWith N number of second linear equation of proton density.
It is to be appreciated that the acquisition device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure provided by the embodiments of the present application is carried with the embodiment of the present application
The acquisition methods of the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure of confession are corresponding, the technology effect that the technique effect reached also reaches with acquisition methods
Fruit is corresponding.For the sake of brevity, it is not described in detail herein, refers to the corresponding technique effect of acquisition methods of above-mentioned example.
It is the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present application above.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of acquisition methods of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, which is characterized in that the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure includes T1It is quantitative
Figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, the method includes：
Obtain collected first group of echo and second within the first repetition time of the more echo sequence operations of a three-dimensional gradient
Collected second group of echo in repetition time；First group of echo and second group of echo include N number of different echoes
The magnetic resonance gradient echo of time；Each magnetic resonance gradient echo in first group of echo and second group of echo is right
Answer the echo time of acquisition position identical；In the echo of corresponding acquisition position in first group of echo and second group of echo
Acquisition parameter other than flip angle is different, other acquisition parameters are identical；N >=3, and N is integer；
By the T of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and tissue1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship
It is separately converted to the ratio and T of magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue decline
Subtract the timeRelationship；
According to the ratio and T of each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and group
The die-away time knittedRelationship build multiple linear equations；The solution for solving linear equation, to obtain T1Quantitative figure,It is quantitative
Figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, whereinForInverse.
2. acquisition methods according to claim 1, which is characterized in that it is described according to each magnetic resonance gradient echo and
The ratio and T of flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship structure it is multiple linear
Equation；The solution for solving linear equation, to obtain T1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, and specifically include：
According to the ratio and T of each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and group
The die-away time knittedRelationship structure unknown number be T1N number of first linear equation；
Simultaneous solution is carried out to N number of first linear equation, obtains T1, to obtain T1Quantitative figure；
The T that solution is obtained1Quantitative figure is updated to each magnetic resonance gradient echo in first group of echo or second group of echo respectively
With the ratio and T of flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship in, obtain not
Know that number isWith N number of equation of proton density；
It is to unknown numberIt performs mathematical calculations operation with N number of equation of proton density, obtaining unknown number isAnd proton density
N number of second linear equation；
Simultaneous solution is carried out to N number of second linear equation, is obtainedAnd proton density, to obtainQuantitative figure and proton are close
The quantitative figure of degree.
3. acquisition methods according to claim 2, which is characterized in that according to each magnetic resonance gradient echo and overturning
The ratio and T of angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship structure unknown number be T1N
A first linear equation, specifically includes：
By identical magnetic resonance gradient echo of each echo time and flip angle sine value in second group of echo and first group of echo
Ratio and T1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship subtract each other respectively, obtain N number of T1It is unknown
The first several linear equations.
4. acquisition methods according to claim 2, which is characterized in that be to unknown numberWith N number of equation of proton density
Perform mathematical calculations operation, obtains unknown number and isWith N number of second linear equation of proton density, specifically include：
It is to unknown numberIt with N number of equation of proton density carries out that logarithm operation is taken to operate, obtaining unknown number isIt is close with proton
N number of second linear equation of degree.
5. according to claim 1-4 any one of them acquisition methods, which is characterized in that the solution for solving linear equation, tool
Body includes：
The solution of linear equation is solved by least square method.
6. according to claim 1-4 any one of them acquisition methods, which is characterized in that described by each magnetic resonance gradient echo
With T1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship be separately converted to magnetic resonance gradient echo and overturning
The ratio and T of angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship, specifically include：
Convert relationship formula (I) to relationship formula (II)；
Wherein, the relationship formula (I) is specially：
The relationship formula (II) is specially：
In formula, S is magnetic resonance gradient echo, and θ is flip angle, ρ0For proton density, TR is the repetition time, and TE is echo time, T1
For the relaxation time,For the die-away time of tissue；E1=exp (- TR/T1)。
7. a kind of acquisition device of magnetic resonance quantitative information figure, which is characterized in that the magnetic resonance quantitative information figure includes T1It is quantitative
Figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, and described device includes：
Echo acquiring unit, it is collected within the first repetition time of the more echo sequence operations of a three-dimensional gradient for obtaining
First group of echo and collected second group of echo in the second repetition time；First group of echo and second group of echo are equal
Include the magnetic resonance gradient echo of N number of different echo times；Each magnetic in first group of echo and second group of echo
Resonance gradient echo is identical in the echo time of corresponding acquisition position；Right in first group of echo and second group of echo
Answer the acquisition parameter of the echo of acquisition position other than flip angle is different, other acquisition parameters are identical；N >=3, and N is whole
Number；
Transformation unit is used for the T of each magnetic resonance gradient echo and tissue1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue
Die-away timeRelationship be separately converted to the ratio and T of magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton
The die-away time of density and tissueRelationship；
Equation structure solves unit, for the ratio and T according to each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1It relaxes
The Henan time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship build multiple linear equations；The solution for solving linear equation, from
And obtain T1Quantitative figure,Quantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed, whereinForInverse.
8. acquisition device according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the transformation unit specifically includes：
First structure subelement, for the ratio and T according to each the magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation
Time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship structure unknown number be T1N number of first linear equation；
First computation subunit obtains T for carrying out simultaneous solution to N number of first linear equation1, to obtain T1Quantitative figure；
Subelement is substituted into, for obtained T will to be solved1Quantitative figure is updated to every in first group of echo or second group of echo respectively
The ratio and T of a magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away time
Relationship in, obtaining unknown number isWith N number of equation of proton density；
Mathematical operation operates subelement, for being to unknown numberIt performs mathematical calculations operation, obtains with N number of equation of proton density
It is to unknown numberWith N number of second linear equation of proton density；
Second computation subunit is obtained for carrying out simultaneous solution to N number of second linear equationAnd proton density, to
It arrivesQuantitative figure and proton density are quantitatively schemed.
9. acquisition device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the first structure subelement specifically includes：By
In two groups of echoes and first group of echo the ratio of each echo time identical magnetic resonance gradient echo and flip angle sine value with
T1Relaxation time, proton density and tissue die-away timeRelationship subtract each other respectively, obtain N number of T1For the linear of unknown number
Equation.
10. acquisition device according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the mathematical operation operates subelement, specific to wrap
It includes：It is to unknown numberIt with N number of equation of proton density carries out that logarithm operation is taken to operate, obtaining unknown number isAnd proton density
N number of second linear equation.
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