CN108287951B - Method and device for eliminating idle speed jitter of automobile steering wheel - Google Patents
Method and device for eliminating idle speed jitter of automobile steering wheel Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for eliminating idle speed jitter of an automobile steering wheel, which aim at a supporting tubular beam in an automobile steering system to carry out simulation analysis, obtain a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam by establishing a three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam and introducing the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software, and solve the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam which meet a preset anti-jitter criterion by adopting a genetic algorithm based on an optimized model of the supporting tubular beam. The method and the device provided by the invention can simply, efficiently and accurately eliminate the problem of idle speed jitter of the steering wheel of the automobile.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle engineering, in particular to a method and a device for eliminating idle speed jitter of an automobile steering wheel.
Background
The steering wheel is a key component in an automobile steering system, and in the driving process of a vehicle, a driver controls the steering wheel to drive the steering system to enable a steering wheel to deflect a certain angle so as to realize a steering function. When the automobile engine is in an idling working condition after being started, the natural frequency of the steering system is often excited by the idling vibration frequency of the engine due to the unreasonable design of the steering system, so that the steering wheel shakes. Steering wheel shake is one of the key factors affecting the Noise, Vibration and Harshness (NVH) performance of a vehicle.
At present, related patents related to automobile steering wheel idle speed jitter management, such as CN103407495B, disclose a connecting bracket of an automobile steering supporting beam for improving the mode of a steering system and avoiding the risk of steering wheel idle speed jitter, in the scheme, a complex finite element model of a steering system-supporting pipe system and a plate system needs to be established, and complex finite element mode calculation is performed, so that the modeling time is long, and the timeliness of jitter management is affected; there are also related patents, such as CN106114606A, which disclose a steering column structure for preventing idle speed from shaking, which require complicated experimental modal parameter identification of the steering column structure and then structural modification to eliminate the shaking, and these methods are complicated and expensive.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for eliminating idle speed jitter of an automobile steering wheel, which are used for simply, efficiently and accurately eliminating the idle speed jitter of the automobile steering wheel.
The invention provides a method for eliminating idle speed jitter of an automobile steering wheel, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a three-dimensional model of a supporting tubular beam of an automobile steering system, and introducing the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software to obtain a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam, which are output by the finite element analysis software, wherein the mass matrix M and the rigidity matrix K are determined according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam;
solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam by adopting a genetic algorithm based on the optimal model of the supporting tubular beam, wherein the optimal model is used for indicating the constraint relation among the mass matrix M, the rigidity matrix K and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam meets a preset anti-jitter criterion;
outputting the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the optimization model of the supporting tubular beam specifically includes:
|K-p2m | ═ 0, equation one
The first formula is a characteristic equation of the support tubular beam, p is the natural frequency of the support tubular beam, K is a rigidity matrix of the support tubular beam, and M is a mass matrix of the support tubular beam.
Optionally, based on the optimized model of the supporting tubular beam, solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam by using a genetic algorithm, including:
obtaining a mass matrix M corresponding to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam0And a stiffness matrix K0；
Adjusting the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beam to obtain a mass matrix M corresponding to each adjusted diameter and wall thicknessiAnd a stiffness matrix KiWherein i is the population size of the genetic algorithm;
according to the optimization model, acquiring the first-order natural frequency p of the support tubular beam corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness1；
According to each said p1And each of said p1Solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam; wherein, the p is1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam is based on the p1Corresponding diameters and wall thicknesses.
Optionally, said p is according to each said1And each of said p1Solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam, wherein the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam comprise:
according to each said p1And each of said p1Acquiring a target function value according to the mass of the corresponding support tubular beam through a formula II;
wherein, the p is1Is the first order natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, m is the p1The mass of the corresponding support tubular beam,z is the objective function value;
according to the objective function value z and the p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, said calculating is based on said objective function value z and said p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam, comprising the following steps:
judging whether p meeting preset anti-jitter criteria exists or not1The preset anti-jitter criterion is shown as a formula III;
if so, the maximum p1And the corresponding diameter and wall thickness are used as the optimal diameter and optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the adjustment range of the diameter of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.8 phi0≤Φ≤1.2Φ0，
Wherein phi is the diameter of the adjusted support tubular beam0Is the initial diameter of the support tubular beam; and
the adjusting range of the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.5 delta0≤δ≤1.5δ0，
Wherein, delta is the wall thickness of the adjusted supporting tubular beam, delta0To support the initial wall thickness of the tubular beam.
Optionally, in said each of said p1And each of said p1Before solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam, the corresponding mass of the supporting tubular beam further comprises:
judging the p1Whether the formula IV is met or not is judged to be yes;
a second aspect of the present invention provides an apparatus for eliminating idle shake of a steering wheel of an automobile, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for establishing a three-dimensional model of a supporting tubular beam of an automobile steering system, and guiding the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software to obtain a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam, which are output by the finite element analysis software, wherein the mass matrix M and the rigidity matrix K are determined according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam;
the solving module is used for solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam by adopting a genetic algorithm based on the optimal model of the supporting tubular beam, wherein the optimal model is used for indicating the constraint relation among the mass matrix M, the stiffness matrix K and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam meets a preset anti-jitter criterion;
and the output module is used for outputting the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the establishing of the optimization model of the supporting tubular beam specifically includes:
|K-p2m | ═ 0, equation one
The first formula is a characteristic equation of the support tubular beam, p is the natural frequency of the support tubular beam, K is a rigidity matrix of the support tubular beam, and M is a mass matrix of the support tubular beam.
Optionally, the solving module is specifically configured to:
obtaining a mass matrix M corresponding to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam0And a stiffness matrix K0；
Adjusting the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beam to obtain a mass matrix M corresponding to each adjusted diameter and wall thicknessiAnd a stiffness matrix KiWherein i is the population size of the genetic algorithm;
according to the optimization model, acquiring the first-order natural frequency p of the support tubular beam corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness1；
According to each said p1And each of said p1Solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam; wherein, the p is1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam is based on the p1Corresponding diameters and wall thicknesses.
Optionally, the solving module is further specifically configured to:
according to each said p1And each of said p1Acquiring a target function value according to the mass of the corresponding support tubular beam through a formula II;
wherein, the p is1Is the first order natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, m is the p1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam, and z is an objective function value;
according to the objective function value z and the p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the solving module is further specifically configured to:
judging whether p meeting preset anti-jitter criteria exists or not1The preset anti-jitter criterion is shown as a formula III;
if so, the maximum p1And the corresponding diameter and wall thickness are used as the optimal diameter and optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the adjustment range of the diameter of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.8 phi0≤Φ≤1.2Φ0Wherein phi is the diameter of the adjusted support tubular beam0Is the initial diameter of the support tubular beam; and
the adjusting range of the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.5 delta0≤δ≤1.5δ0Wherein δFor adjusted wall thickness, delta, of the supporting tubular beams0To support the initial wall thickness of the tubular beam.
Optionally, the solving module is further specifically configured to:
judging the p1Whether the formula IV is met or not is judged to be yes;
the method and the device for eliminating the idle speed jitter of the automobile steering wheel provided by the invention are used for carrying out simulation analysis on a supporting tubular beam in an automobile steering system, obtaining a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam by establishing a three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam and introducing the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software, and solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam which meet the preset anti-jitter criterion by adopting a genetic algorithm based on an optimized model of the supporting tubular beam. The method and the device provided by the invention can simply, efficiently and accurately eliminate the problem of idle speed jitter of the steering wheel of the automobile.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a position relationship of a support tube beam for a method of eliminating idle-speed steering wheel vibration according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a support tube beam for eliminating idle-speed steering wheel vibration according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of a method for eliminating idle speed vibration of a steering wheel of an automobile according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a genetic algorithm of a second embodiment of the method for eliminating idle speed vibration of a steering wheel of an automobile according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the device for eliminating idle shaking of the steering wheel of the automobile provided by the invention.
Description of the drawings:
1-a steering wheel;
2-steering wheel steering column;
3-supporting the tubular beam;
4-intermediate position.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a positional relationship diagram of a support tubular beam for eliminating idle-speed steering wheel vibration according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, an automobile steering system includes a steering wheel 1, a steering wheel column 2 and a support tubular beam 3, wherein the steering wheel 1 is mounted on the top of the steering wheel column 2, and the steering wheel column 2 is fixed on the support tubular beam 3 by a connecting bracket. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a support tubular beam for eliminating idle steering wheel vibration according to the present invention, and as shown in fig. 2, the middle position 4 is a connection portion between the steering column 2 and the support tubular beam 3, and may be fixed by a connection bracket.
When an automobile engine runs under the condition of no load, a power assembly system inevitably transmits vibration to an automobile body system, the NVH performance of the automobile under the idling working condition is further amplified through all connecting parts of the steering system, and the driving comfort is directly influenced by the shaking of a steering wheel at a user side. Therefore, there is a need for an improved attachment feature for a steering system that eliminates the problem of steering wheel idle shake.
The embodiment of the invention aims at carrying out simulation analysis on a supporting tubular beam in an automobile steering system to eliminate the problem of idle speed jitter of a steering wheel, and the method for eliminating the idle speed jitter of the automobile steering wheel provided by the invention is explained in detail below by combining with the figures 1 and 2.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a first embodiment of a method for eliminating idle speed vibration of a steering wheel of an automobile according to the present invention, where an execution subject of the present embodiment is an apparatus for eliminating idle speed vibration of a steering wheel of an automobile, and the apparatus may be implemented by software and/or hardware. As shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
s101, establishing a three-dimensional model of a supporting tubular beam of the automobile steering system, and introducing the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software to obtain a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam output by the finite element analysis software.
Wherein the mass matrix M and the stiffness matrix K are determined by finite element analysis software according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
First, a three-dimensional model of the steering system support tubular beam is established through three-dimensional modeling software (such as PRO/E software), wherein the three-dimensional model parameters of the support tubular beam comprise the diameter of the support tubular beam and the wall thickness of the support tubular beam. Next, the three-dimensional model of the support tubular beam is introduced into finite element analysis software, which includes, but is not limited to, ANSYS software, HYPERMESH software, and the like. And analyzing and processing the parameters of the three-dimensional model by finite element analysis software to obtain a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K.
And finally, obtaining a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the support tubular beam output by the finite element analysis software. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that where the diameter and wall thickness of the support tubular beam are determined, the mass matrix M and stiffness matrix K for the support tubular beam can be determined. Different diameters and different wall thicknesses, the corresponding mass matrix M and stiffness matrix K are different.
S102, solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam by adopting a genetic algorithm based on the optimization model of the supporting tubular beam.
The optimization model is used for indicating a constraint relation among the mass matrix M, the rigidity matrix K and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam meets a preset anti-jitter criterion.
In this embodiment, according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beams in the finite element analysis software, the diameters and the wall thicknesses of the plurality of support tubular beams can be obtained by using a genetic algorithm, and the mass matrix M and the stiffness matrix K of the support tubular beams corresponding to the diameters and the wall thicknesses of the support tubular beams can be obtained by using the diameters and the wall thicknesses of the plurality of support tubular beams as an initial population of the genetic algorithm. Based on the optimization model of the supporting tubular beams for indicating the constraint relation among the mass matrix M, the stiffness matrix K and the natural frequency p, the mass matrix M of each supporting tubular beam and the natural frequency p corresponding to the stiffness matrix K can be further solved. The constraint relation among the mass matrix M, the stiffness matrix K and the natural frequency p can be expressed as p (K, M), and the natural frequency p of the supporting tubular beam can be uniquely determined according to the mass matrix M and the stiffness matrix K of the supporting tubular beam.
From the above, the natural frequency p of the plurality of supporting tubular beams can be obtained for the initial population and constraint relationship. Among the plurality of natural frequencies, a natural frequency satisfying a preset anti-shake criterion may be selected. The preset anti-jitter criterion is a constraint condition met by the natural frequency, when the natural frequency meets the preset anti-jitter criterion, the diameter and the wall thickness corresponding to the natural frequency are optional diameters and wall thicknesses, and the optimal diameter and wall thickness can be selected from the optional diameters and wall thicknesses. Specifically, of the natural frequencies that satisfy the preset anti-jitter criterion, the maximum, minimum, or intermediate value may be selected as the optimal natural frequency, and the diameter and the wall thickness corresponding to the optimal natural frequency are used as the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness, and the selection manner is not particularly limited in this embodiment.
S103, outputting the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
The method for eliminating idle speed jitter of the automobile steering wheel provided by the embodiment is characterized in that simulation analysis is performed on a support tubular beam in an automobile steering system, a three-dimensional model of the support tubular beam is established, the three-dimensional model of the support tubular beam is led into finite element analysis software, a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the support tubular beam are obtained, and based on an optimized model of the support tubular beam, a genetic algorithm is adopted to solve the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the support tubular beam which meet a preset anti-jitter criterion. The method provided by the embodiment can simply, efficiently and accurately eliminate the problem of idle speed jitter of the steering wheel of the automobile.
The following describes the method for eliminating idle-speed vibration of a steering wheel of an automobile according to the present invention in detail by using specific embodiments.
On the basis of the above embodiment, the optimization model of the supporting tubular beam specifically is as follows:
|K-p2m | ═ 0, equation one
The first formula is a characteristic equation of the supporting tubular beam, p is the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, K is a rigidity matrix of the supporting tubular beam, and M is a mass matrix of the supporting tubular beam.
And according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam, obtaining a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam in finite element analysis software, and solving by using a characteristic equation of the supporting tubular beam shown in the formula I to obtain the inherent frequency p of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to the mass matrix M and the rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam. It follows that the diameter and wall thickness of a known support tubular beam can uniquely determine its natural frequency p. And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam by adopting a genetic algorithm based on the optimal model of the supporting tubular beam. Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a genetic algorithm of a second embodiment of the method for eliminating idle speed vibration of a steering wheel of an automobile, shown in fig. 4, the method for solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the support tubular beam specifically includes the following steps:
s201, obtaining a mass matrix M corresponding to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam0And a stiffness matrix K0。
The initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beam are the diameter and the wall thickness of the support tubular beam when finite element analysis software is introduced, and the pair of the initial diameter and the wall thickness is obtained after introductionInitial mass matrix M of corresponding support tubular beam0And an initial stiffness matrix K0。
S202, adjusting the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam to obtain a mass matrix M corresponding to each adjusted diameter and wall thicknessiAnd a stiffness matrix Ki。
Wherein i is the population size of the genetic algorithm. Population size refers to the number of individuals produced by each generation of the genetic algorithm.
In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, according to a genetic algorithm, binary coding is performed on an initial diameter and an initial wall thickness of a support tubular beam, the diameter and the wall thickness of the support tubular beam of i individual binary codes are randomly generated as a first generation population of the genetic algorithm, the diameter and the wall thickness of the i support tubular beams are obtained by decoding, and further, a mass matrix M corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness in the first generation population is obtainediAnd a stiffness matrix Ki。
Optionally, the diameters and wall thicknesses of the i randomly generated supporting tubular beams need to satisfy the following adjustment ranges:
adjusting range of diameter of the supporting tubular beam: 0.8 phi0≤Φ≤1.2Φ0Wherein phi is the diameter of the adjusted support tubular beam0Is the initial diameter of the support tubular beam; and
adjusting range of wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam: 0.5 delta0≤δ≤1.5δ0Wherein δ is the wall thickness of the adjusted support tubular beam, δ0To support the initial wall thickness of the tubular beam.
The initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beams are subjected to binary coding by the genetic algorithm, the diameters and the wall thicknesses of the i support tubular beams are randomly generated on the basis of the binary coding, and the diameters and the wall thicknesses of some support tubular beams do not meet the actual application requirements, so the diameters and the wall thicknesses of the i support tubular beams randomly generated by the genetic algorithm need to meet the adjustment range, and the diameters and the wall thicknesses which do not meet the adjustment range are directly abandoned.
S203, obtaining the supporting tube corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness according to the optimization modelFirst order natural frequency p of the beam1。
Based on the diameter and the wall thickness of the first generation group of the supporting tubular beams determined in S202, substituting the mass matrix M and the rigidity matrix K corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness into a characteristic equation according to the characteristic equation of the supporting tubular beams shown in the formula I, and solving the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beams corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness, wherein the natural frequency comprises the natural frequency p of each order1,p2,p3…, wherein p1To support the first natural frequency of the tubular beam.
Optionally, the first-order natural frequency p of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness is obtained1Then, each of p is judged1Whether the condition of formula four is satisfied.
And the formula four is a condition for eliminating the idle speed jitter of the steering wheel, wherein p is the natural frequency of the support tube beam. After the automobile engine is determined, the idle speed and the number of cylinders of the automobile engine are known quantities, and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam meets the fourth formula, so that idle shaking of the steering wheel can be avoided. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the first order natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam is lower than the other orders, and therefore, the first order natural frequency p of the supporting tubular beam is determined1Whether the above conditions are satisfied or not.
On the basis of the solving judgment, acquiring each p which is corresponding to the diameter and the wall thickness of the first generation population of the supporting tubular beam and meets the fourth formula1And the next step of screening is performed.
S204, according to each p1And each of said p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam.
Wherein, the p is1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam is based on the p1Corresponding diameters and wall thicknesses.
In a specific embodiment, p is based on1And each p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam by adopting the target function in the genetic algorithm according to the mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam. The objective function is the natural frequency p of the supporting tubular beam1The objective function may be expressed as z (p)1). According to the objective function z (p)1) Solving for each of p1The corresponding objective function value z is obtained by judging whether the objective function values z meet the preset anti-jitter criterion or not and determining the maximum objective function value z meeting the preset anti-jitter criterionmaxThe corresponding diameter and wall thickness serve as the optimal diameter and optimal wall thickness for supporting the tubular beam.
Alternatively, the objective function z (p) in the above genetic algorithm1) Specifically, it can be expressed as:
wherein p is1For supporting the first-order natural frequency of the tubular beam, m is p1The mass of the corresponding support tubular beam, and z is the objective function value.
According to each said p1And each of said p1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam is obtained by the formula II1The corresponding objective function value z.
And determining the optimal objective function value z of the supporting tubular beam by judging whether the objective function values z meet a preset anti-shaking criterion or not, so as to determine the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness corresponding to the optimal objective function value z of the supporting tubular beam.
In this embodiment, the preset anti-shake criterion is a function related to the objective function value z, and when the function value falls within a certain specified range, the objective function value z corresponding to the function is deemed to satisfy the preset anti-shake criterion.
In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the preset anti-shake criterion may be specifically expressed as:
according to the preset anti-jitter criterion shown in the formula three, judging whether the target function values z meet the preset anti-jitter criterion includes the following two conditions:
if an objective function value z meeting a preset anti-shaking criterion exists and only one objective function value z meeting the preset anti-shaking criterion exists, taking the diameter and the wall thickness of the support tubular beam corresponding to the objective function value z as the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness; if the number of the objective function values z meeting the preset anti-jitter criterion is two or more, the maximum objective function value z is determinedmaxAnd the diameter and the wall thickness of the corresponding support tubular beam are taken as the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness.
And if the objective function value z meeting the preset anti-shaking criterion does not exist, continuing executing the genetic algorithm to generate the diameter and the wall thickness of the new generation of supporting tubular beams, and then repeating the step in the step S103 until the objective function value z meeting the preset anti-shaking criterion is obtained.
Finally, on the basis of the above embodiments, the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the support tubular beam are output.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an idle shaking elimination device for a steering wheel of an automobile, as shown in fig. 5, the device comprises:
the acquiring module 501 is configured to establish a three-dimensional model of a supporting tubular beam of an automobile steering system, and introduce the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software to obtain a mass matrix M and a stiffness matrix K of the supporting tubular beam, which are output by the finite element analysis software, where the mass matrix M and the stiffness matrix K are determined according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam;
a solving module 502, configured to solve, based on the optimized model of the supporting tubular beam, an optimal diameter and an optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam by using a genetic algorithm, where a natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam meets a preset anti-jitter stop criterion;
and the output module 503 is used for outputting the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the establishing of the optimization model of the supporting tubular beam specifically includes:
|K-p2m | ═ 0, equation one
The first formula is a characteristic equation of the supporting tubular beam, p is the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, K is a rigidity matrix of the supporting tubular beam, and M is a mass matrix of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the solving module 502 is specifically configured to:
obtaining a mass matrix M corresponding to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam0And a stiffness matrix K0；
Adjusting the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beam to obtain a mass matrix M corresponding to each adjusted diameter and wall thicknessiAnd a stiffness matrix KiWherein i is the population size of the genetic algorithm;
according to the optimization model, acquiring the first-order natural frequency p of the support tubular beam corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness1；
According to each said p1And each of said p1Solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam; wherein, the p is1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam is based on the p1Corresponding diameters and wall thicknesses.
Optionally, the solving module 502 is further specifically configured to:
according to each said p1And each of said p1Acquiring a target function value according to the mass of the corresponding support tubular beam through a formula II;
wherein, the p is1Is the first order natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, m is the p1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam, and z is an objective function value;
according to the objective function value z and the p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the solving module 502 is further specifically configured to:
judging whether p meeting preset anti-jitter criteria exists or not1The preset anti-jitter criterion is shown as a formula III;
if so, the maximum p1And the corresponding diameter and wall thickness are used as the optimal diameter and optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
Optionally, the adjustment range of the diameter of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.8 phi0≤Φ≤1.2Φ0Wherein phi is the diameter of the adjusted support tubular beam0Is the initial diameter of the support tubular beam; and
the adjusting range of the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.5 delta0≤δ≤1.5δ0Wherein δ is the wall thickness of the adjusted support tubular beam, δ0To support the initial wall thickness of the tubular beam.
Optionally, the solving module 502 is further specifically configured to:
judging the p1Whether the formula IV is met or not is judged to be yes;
the apparatus provided in this embodiment is configured to execute any one of the method embodiments described above, and the implementation principle and the technical effect are similar, which are not described herein again.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: all or a portion of the steps of implementing the above-described method embodiments may be performed by hardware associated with program instructions. The program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs steps comprising the method embodiments described above; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic or optical disks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for eliminating idle speed jitter of a steering wheel of an automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a three-dimensional model of a supporting tubular beam of an automobile steering system, and introducing the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software to obtain a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam, which are output by the finite element analysis software, wherein the mass matrix M and the rigidity matrix K are determined according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam;
obtaining a mass matrix M corresponding to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam0And a stiffness matrix K0；
Adjusting the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beam to obtain a mass matrix M corresponding to each adjusted diameter and wall thicknessiAnd a stiffness matrix KiWherein i is the population size of the genetic algorithm;
according to the optimization model, acquiring the first-order natural frequency p of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness1；
According to each said p1And each of said p1Solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam; wherein, the p is1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam is based on the p1The corresponding diameter and wall thickness are obtained, wherein the optimization model is used for indicating a constraint relation among the mass matrix M, the rigidity matrix K and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, and the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to the optimal wall thickness meet a preset anti-jitter criterion;
outputting the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the optimized model of the support tubular beam is specifically:
|K-p2m | ═ 0, equation one
The first formula is a characteristic equation of the support tubular beam, p is the natural frequency of the support tubular beam, K is a rigidity matrix of the support tubular beam, and M is a mass matrix of the support tubular beam.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein said p is determined according to each of said p1And each of said p1Solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam, wherein the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam comprise:
according to each said p1And each of said p1Acquiring a target function value according to the mass of the corresponding support tubular beam through a formula II;
wherein, the p is1Is the first order natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, m is the p1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam, and z is an objective function value;
according to the objective function value z and the p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the step of removing the metal oxide layer comprises removing the metal oxide layer from the metal oxide layerThen, the method is based on the objective function value z and the p1And solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam, comprising the following steps:
judging whether p meeting preset anti-jitter criteria exists or not1The preset anti-jitter criterion is shown as a formula III;
if so, the maximum p1And the corresponding diameter and wall thickness are used as the optimal diameter and optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
5. The method of claim 1,
the adjusting range of the diameter of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.8 phi0≤Φ≤1.2Φ0Wherein phi is the diameter of the adjusted support tubular beam0Is the initial diameter of the support tubular beam; and
the adjusting range of the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam is as follows: 0.5 delta0≤δ≤1.5δ0Wherein δ is the wall thickness of the adjusted support tubular beam, δ0To support the initial wall thickness of the tubular beam.
6. The method of claim 1,
in said each said p1And each of said p1Before solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam, the corresponding mass of the supporting tubular beam further comprises:
judging the p1Whether the formula IV is met or not is judged to be yes;
7. an apparatus for eliminating idle-speed vibration of a steering wheel of a vehicle, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for establishing a three-dimensional model of a supporting tubular beam of an automobile steering system, and guiding the three-dimensional model of the supporting tubular beam into finite element analysis software to obtain a mass matrix M and a rigidity matrix K of the supporting tubular beam, which are output by the finite element analysis software, wherein the mass matrix M and the rigidity matrix K are determined according to the diameter and the wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam;
the solving module is specifically configured to:
obtaining a mass matrix M corresponding to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam0And a stiffness matrix K0；
Adjusting the initial diameter and the initial wall thickness of the support tubular beam to obtain a mass matrix M corresponding to each adjusted diameter and wall thicknessiAnd a stiffness matrix KiWherein i is the population size of the genetic algorithm;
according to the optimization model, acquiring the first-order natural frequency p of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to each diameter and wall thickness1；
According to each said p1And each of said p1Solving the optimal diameter and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam according to the mass of the supporting tubular beam; wherein, the p is1The mass of the corresponding supporting tubular beam is based on the p1The corresponding diameter and wall thickness are obtained, wherein the optimization model is used for indicating a constraint relation among the mass matrix M, the rigidity matrix K and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam, and the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the natural frequency of the supporting tubular beam corresponding to the optimal wall thickness meet a preset anti-jitter criterion;
and the output module is used for outputting the optimal diameter of the supporting tubular beam and the optimal wall thickness of the supporting tubular beam.
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| CN109291992A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-02-01 | 南京天辰礼达电子科技有限公司 | A kind of method and system reducing idling steering wheel high vibration |
| CN112214833B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2022-05-03 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Steering wheel idle speed jitter analysis method and system |
| CN115270537A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2022-11-01 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Steering wheel vibration simulation method and system |
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