CN108287812A

CN108287812A - Project-based case representation method and apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN108287812A
Application number: CN201810034764.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杜珑; 祝景浩; 王小统
Original assignee: China Telecom Corp Ltd
Current assignee: China Telecom Corp Ltd
Priority date: 2018-01-15
Filing date: 2018-01-15
Publication date: 2018-07-17

Abstract

The disclosure provides a kind of project-based case representation method and apparatus.The key feature of project-based case representation device the identifying project case selects the representation of the project-based case subjects to establish the expression model of the project-based case subjects using the representation method according to the key feature.The disclosure is based on the description representation method of XML (extensible markup language), with a completely new visual angle, introduce PBCLS (Project Based Case Learning System, project-based case study system) concept, it is proposed that the viewpoint of project-based case teaching.Efficiently solve traditional software engineering teaching abstract theory and practice it is difficult combine, student learns the practical problems such as easily uninteresting, give industry to provide a new thinking, the teaching efficiency of the courses such as raising soft project.

Description

Project-based case representation method and apparatus

Technical field

This disclosure relates to field of information processing, more particularly to a kind of project-based case representation method and apparatus.

Background technology

The main channel conjunction means for obtaining knowledge as people are educated, are particularly important in today's society, education theory Research with education skill is increasingly becoming focus of people's attention.Soft project is computer major as domestic and international institution of higher learning The core curriculum that student opens up.This subject not only instructs the systematic knowledge of students exploitation software, while passing through operation It is required that improve the ability of student's solving practical problems.Its content is complicated, and theoretical numerous with technical method, student is passed through due to exploitation It tests and is limited, it is difficult to the abstract theory of soft project is combined with practice, so be easy that student is made to generate uninteresting feeling, it is right Grasping corresponding knowledge point has certain difficulty.Obviously, the requirement given lessons of imparting knowledge to students face-to-face that content is traditional can no longer meet The teaching request of this subject of soft project.

The problems in teaching of soft project is always the emphasis and hot spot of education sector research.There are many schools and mechanism all right This problem has made some effort and trial, but effect is all not ideal enough, can not effectively be combined to project and case.

Invention content

Embodiment of the disclosure solve a technical problem be：Project and case can not effectively be combined.

According to the one side of one or more other embodiments of the present disclosure, a kind of project-based case representation method is provided, is wrapped It includes：

The key feature of identifying project case；

Select the representation of project-based case subjects；

According to key feature, the expression model of project-based case subjects is established using representation method.

Optionally, in indicating model, including case attribute set, case resources bank, case file set, case task At least one of in set, case milestone set, task dependence set and task distribution set.

Optionally, case attribute set includes case title, case description, case version number, case author, case author At least one of in contact method and case creation time.

Optionally, case resources bank is indicated with R*, and the number that wherein * expression parameters R can occur, parameter R includes resource At least one of in number, resource name, resource description, resource type and Resource Role.

Optionally, case file collection shares F* expressions, the number that wherein * expression parameters F can occur, and parameter F includes text At least one of in part number, file path.

Optionally, case set of tasks is indicated with T*, the number that wherein * expression parameters T can occur, and parameter T includes appointing Number, task name, task description, task flagging, father's mission number, completion required by task time, task input and the task of being engaged in are defeated At least one of in going out.

Optionally, case milestone collection shares TID* expressions, the number that wherein * expression parameters TID can occur, parameter TID is mission number.

Optionally, task dependence collection shares D* expressions, the number that wherein * expression parameters D can occur, parameter D packets Include at least one in preamble mission number, subsequent tasks number, dependence type.

Optionally, task allocation set shares A* expressions, the number that wherein * expression parameters A can occur, and parameter A includes appointing At least one of in the reference of business number and resource number reference.

According to the one side of one or more other embodiments of the present disclosure, a kind of project-based case representation device is provided, is wrapped It includes：

Key feature determining module is configured to determine that the key feature of project-based case；

Representation selecting module is configured as selecting the representation of project-based case subjects；

Model building module is configured as, according to key feature, the table of project-based case subjects being established using representation method Representation model.

Memory is configured as store instruction；

Processor, is coupled to memory, and the instruction execution that processor is configured as storing based on memory is realized as above-mentioned The method that any embodiment is related to.

According to the other side of one or more other embodiments of the present disclosure, a kind of computer readable storage medium is provided, Wherein, computer-readable recording medium storage has computer instruction, and such as any of the above-described implementation is realized when instruction is executed by processor The method that example is related to.

By referring to the drawings to the detailed description of the exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the other feature of the disclosure and its Advantage will become apparent.

Description of the drawings

In order to illustrate more clearly of the embodiment of the present disclosure or technical solution in the prior art, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some disclosed embodiments without having to pay creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art With obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is the exemplary process diagram of the project-based case representation method of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 2 is the exemplary block diagram of the project-based case representation device of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Fig. 3 is the exemplary block diagram of the project-based case representation device of the disclosure another embodiment.

Specific implementation mode

Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present disclosure is carried out clear, complete Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only disclosure a part of the embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Below Description only actually at least one exemplary embodiment is illustrative, is never used as to the disclosure and its application or makes Any restrictions.Based on the embodiment in the disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making creative work premise Lower obtained every other embodiment belongs to the range of disclosure protection.

Unless specifically stated otherwise, positioned opposite, the digital table of the component and step that otherwise illustrate in these embodiments Up to the unlimited the scope of the present disclosure processed of formula and numerical value.

Simultaneously, it should be appreciated that for ease of description, the size of attached various pieces shown in the drawings is not according to reality Proportionate relationship draw.

Technology, method and apparatus known to person of ordinary skill in the relevant may be not discussed in detail, but suitable In the case of, the technology, method and apparatus should be considered as authorizing part of specification.

In shown here and discussion all examples, any occurrence should be construed as merely illustrative, without It is as limitation.Therefore, the other examples of exemplary embodiment can have different values.

It should be noted that：Similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi It is defined, then it need not be further discussed in subsequent attached drawing in a attached drawing.

Fig. 1 is the exemplary process diagram of the project-based case representation method of an embodiment of the present disclosure.Optionally, this implementation The method and step of example can be executed by project-based case representation device.

Step 101, the key feature of identifying project case.

Optionally, the event (i.e. task) in project can be summarized, using the main controlling elements as project.It is according to phase The input answered meets the necessary manpower of telephone expenses and material resources after condition and goes to complete using necessary technology, to generate phase The output answered.

One project can be analyzed to multiple tasks or is made of multiple tasks, and the completion of all tasks just means this Purpose is completed, and the resource needed for project is also to be formed by all resource aggregations of completion individual task.If using task as node, Dependence is as side, then the project may be constructed a network diagramming, also known as PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique, programme evaluation and review technique) figure.

Step 102, the representation of project-based case subjects is selected.

XML (EXtensible Markup Language, extensible markup language) is that standard generalized markup language is directed to The a subset of specific application area.Since 1996 issue, just widely welcome by people.XML is as a W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) standard language can be used for defining and indicating data, be passed as internet data Defeated carrier.XML differences HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) allows user to define the element and label of oneself, For the data modeling of different field.

XML has the advantage that：

(1) grammer is simple, and user is easily mastered and uses.

(2) XML has the characteristics that tree structure, is easy to computer analyzing and processing.Currently, there are many resolvers to support XML, such as DOM, SAX.

(3) carriers of the XML as a data is different from general database, and the data that it is indicated are easy in internet It is upper to propagate and share.

(4) XML has powerful representation of knowledge ability.For the representation of knowledge, user can be with self-defined any desired mark Label.

(5) be easy editor, there are many XML edit tools support, as XML Spy, XML Notepad, Xeena, Xmetsal etc..

Advantage based on XML or more can be used and PBCO (Project Based Case are defined and described using XML Object)。

Step 103, according to key feature, the expression model of project-based case subjects is established using representation method.

It optionally, can be according to analysis to project-based case key characteristic and abstract, it is proposed that the expression mould of a set of PBCO Type, and be shown in the form of XML Schema.

For example, in indicating model, including case attribute set, case resources bank, case file set, case task-set At least one of in conjunction, case milestone set, task dependence set and task distribution set.

It is alternatively possible to be indicated with seven tuple (CPS, CRS, CFS, CTS, CMS, CDS, CAS).

Each parameter declaration is as follows：

CPS：Set of the essential attribute of case, including the description of case title, case etc..

CRS：The resources bank of case, including zero or multinomial available resources.

CFS：The file set of case, including zero or multinomial file.

CTS：The set of tasks of case, including zero or the multi-task.

CMS：The milestone set of case, including zero or the multi-task.

CDS：The dependence set of task, including zero or multinomial dependence.

CAS：The distribution set of task, including zero or the multi-task distribution.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

ComplexType, sequence, element are tag names, no concrete meaning.

After the project of above-described embodiment in case representation method, the description representation method based on XML is completely new with one Visual angle introduces the general of PBCLS (Project Based Case Learning System, project-based case study system) It reads, it is proposed that the viewpoint of project-based case teaching.Efficiently solve traditional software engineering teaching abstract theory and practice it is difficult combine, Student learns the practical problems such as easily uninteresting, and industry is given to provide a new Teaching Ideas, the religion of the courses such as raising soft project Learn effect.

In the following, being illustrated to each parameter in above-mentioned seven tuple

One, case essential attribute

Case essential attribute can be indicated with one hexa-atomic group (CN, CD, CV, CA, CM, CC).

Each parameter declaration is as follows：

CN：The title of case, is defined as character string forms.

CD：The description of case, is defined as character string forms.

CV：The version number of case, is defined as character string forms.

CA：The author of case, is defined as character string forms.

CM：Case author contact method (such as E-mail), is defined as character string forms.

CC：The creation time of case, is defined as character string forms.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

ComplexType, sequence, element are tag names, no concrete meaning.

Two, case resources bank

The resources bank of case can indicate with mode R*, the number that * expression parameters R can occur.

Wherein R can be indicated by five-tuple (RID, RN, RD, RT, RR).

Each parameter declaration is as follows：

RID：The number of resource, is defined as character string forms.

RN：The name of resource, is defined as character string forms.

RD：The description of resource, is defined as character string forms.

RT：The type of resource, is defined as character string forms, be expressed as (HUMAN | FACILITY), default value HUMAN.

RR：The role of resource, is defined as character string forms.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

</sequence>

</complexType>

ComplexType, sequence, element are tag names, no concrete meaning.

Three, case file set

The file set of case can indicate with mode F*, the number that * expression parameters F can occur.

Wherein F can indicate that each parameter declaration is as follows by two tuples (FID, FP)：

FID：The number of file, is defined as character string forms.

FP：File path is defined as character string forms.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

</sequence>

</complexType>

ComplexType, sequence, element are tag names, no concrete meaning, maxOccurs/ minOccurs:Maximum frequency/minimum frequency.

Four, case set of tasks

The set of tasks of case can indicate with mode T*, the number that * expression parameters T can occur.

Wherein T can be indicated by eight tuples (TID, TN, TD, TF, TW, TPID, TDU, TIS, TOS).

Each parameter declaration is as follows：

TID：The number of task, is defined as character string forms.

TN：The name of task, is defined as character string forms.

TD：The description of task, is defined as character string forms.

TF：Task flagging, if having subtask.1 indicates, 0 indicates do not have.

TPID：The number of father's task, is defined as character string forms.

TDU：Complete the time of required by task.It is defined as shaping.

TIS：The input of task indicates that * shows the number that parameter can occur with (FID*).FID is character string forms.

TOS：The input of task indicates that * shows the number that parameter can occur with (FID*).FID is character string forms.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

</sequence>

</complexType>

</sequence>

</complexType>

</sequence>

</complexType>

Five, task milestone set

The milestone set of task contains the number of multiple tasks, can be indicated with mode TID*, * expression parameters TID The number that can occur.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

Six, task dependence set

The dependence set of task can indicate with mode D*, the number that * expression parameters D can occur.

Wherein D can be indicated by triple (PRETID, SUCCTID, DT).

Each parameter declaration is as follows：

PRETID：The number of preceding sequence task, is defined as character string forms.

SUCCTID：The number of subsequent tasks, is defined as character string forms.

DT：The type of dependence, character string type, be expressed as (FF | FS | SF), default value FS.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

</sequence>

</complexType>

Seven, the distribution set of task

The distribution set of task can indicate with mode A*, the number that * expression parameters A can occur.

Wherein A can be indicated by two tuples (TIDREF, RIDREF).

Each parameter declaration is as follows：

TIDREF：Mission number is quoted, and character string forms are defined as.

RIDREF：Resource number is quoted, and character string forms are defined as.

It is indicated with XML Schema, is：

</sequence>

</complexType>

</sequence>

</complexType>

Fig. 2 is the exemplary process diagram of the project-based case representation device of an embodiment of the present disclosure.As shown in Fig. 2, item Mesh case representation device includes key feature determining module 21, representation selecting module 22 and model building module 23.

Key feature determining module 21 is configured to determine that the key feature of project-based case.

Representation selecting module 22 is configured as selecting the representation of project-based case subjects.

Model building module 23 is configured as, according to key feature, the table of project-based case subjects being established using representation method Representation model.

After the project of above-described embodiment in case representation device, the description representation method based on XML is completely new with one Visual angle introduces the general of PBCLS (Project Based Case Learning System, project-based case study system) It reads, it is proposed that the viewpoint of project-based case teaching.Efficiently solve traditional software engineering teaching abstract theory and practice it is difficult combine, Student learns the practical problems such as easily uninteresting, and industry is given to provide a new Teaching Ideas, the religion of the courses such as raising soft project Learn effect.

Fig. 3 is the exemplary block diagram of the project-based case representation device of the disclosure another embodiment.As shown in figure 3, item Mesh case representation device includes memory 31 and processor 32.Wherein：

For storing instruction, processor 32 is coupled to memory 31 to memory 31, and processor 32 is configured as based on storage The instruction execution of device storage realizes the method that any embodiment is related in such as Fig. 1.

As shown in figure 3, the device further includes communication interface 33, for carrying out information exchange with miscellaneous equipment.Meanwhile the dress It further includes bus 34 to set, and processor 32, communication interface 33 and memory 31 complete mutual communication by bus 34.

Memory 31 can include high-speed RAM memory, also can further include nonvolatile memory (non-volatile Memory), a for example, at least magnetic disk storage.Memory 31 can also be memory array.Memory 31 is also possible to be divided Block, and block can be combined into virtual volume by certain rule.

In addition, processor 32 can be a central processor CPU, can be either application-specific integrated circuit ASIC or It is arranged to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiment of the present disclosure.

The disclosure also relates to a kind of computer readable storage medium, and wherein computer-readable recording medium storage has meter Calculation machine instructs, and the method that any embodiment is related in such as Fig. 1 is realized when instruction is executed by processor.

Optionally, functional unit block described above can be implemented as executing function described by the disclosure General processor, programmable logic controller (PLC) (Programmable Logic Controller, abbreviation：PLC), digital signal Processor (Digital Signal Processor, referred to as：DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, referred to as：ASIC), field programmable gate array (Field-Programmable Gate Array, Referred to as：FPGA) either other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or its It is arbitrary appropriately combined.

One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing that all or part of step of above-described embodiment can pass through hardware It completes, relevant hardware can also be instructed to complete by program, the program can be stored in a kind of computer-readable In storage medium, storage medium mentioned above can be read-only memory, disk or CD etc..

The description of the disclosure provides for the sake of example and description, and is not exhaustively or by the disclosure It is limited to disclosed form.Many modifications and variations are obvious for the ordinary skill in the art.It selects and retouches It states embodiment and is to more preferably illustrate the principle and practical application of the disclosure, and those skilled in the art is enable to manage Solve various embodiments with various modifications of the disclosure to design suitable for special-purpose.

Claims

1. a kind of project-based case representation method, including：

The key feature of identifying project case；

Select the representation of the project-based case subjects；

According to the key feature, the expression model of the project-based case subjects is established using the representation method.

2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein：

In the expression model, including case attribute set, case resources bank, case file set, case set of tasks, case At least one of in example milestone set, task dependence set and task distribution set.

3. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein：

The case attribute set includes case title, case description, case version number, case author, case author's correspondent party At least one of in formula and case creation time.

4. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein：

The case resources bank indicates that the number that wherein * expression parameters R can occur, parameter R includes resource number, money with R* At least one of in parent name, resource description, resource type and Resource Role.

5. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein：

The case file collection share F* expression, the number that wherein * expression parameters F can occur, parameter F include reference number of a document, At least one of in file path.

6. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein：

The case set of tasks indicates with T*, the number that wherein * expression parameters T can occur, parameter T include mission number, Task name, task flagging, father's mission number, is completed in required by task time, task input and task output extremely task description One item missing.

7. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein：

The case milestone collection shares TID* expressions, the number that wherein * expression parameters TID can occur, and parameter TID is task Number.

8. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein：

The task dependence collection shares D* expressions, the number that wherein * expression parameters D can occur, and parameter D includes that preamble is appointed At least one of in business number, subsequent tasks number, dependence type.

9. according to the method described in claim 2, wherein：

The task allocation set shares A* expressions, and the number that wherein * expression parameters A can occur, parameter A includes that mission number is drawn With in being quoted with resource number at least one of.

10. a kind of project-based case representation device, including：

Representation selecting module is configured as selecting the representation of the project-based case subjects；

Model building module, is configured as according to the key feature, and the project-based case is established using the representation method The expression model of object.

11. device according to claim 10, wherein：

12. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein：

13. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein：

14. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein：

15. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein：

16. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein：

17. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein：

18. according to the devices described in claim 11, wherein：

19. a kind of project-based case representation device, including：

Memory is configured as store instruction；

Processor, is coupled to memory, and the instruction execution that processor is configured as storing based on memory realizes such as claim The method of any one of 1-9.

20. a kind of computer readable storage medium, wherein computer-readable recording medium storage has computer instruction, instructs quilt Processor realizes method as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein when executing.