CN108285441A - A kind of nicotine-mandelate compound crystal, preparation method and the tobacco product comprising it - Google Patents
A kind of nicotine-mandelate compound crystal, preparation method and the tobacco product comprising it Download PDFInfo
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- CN108285441A CN108285441A CN201810003809.8A CN201810003809A CN108285441A CN 108285441 A CN108285441 A CN 108285441A CN 201810003809 A CN201810003809 A CN 201810003809A CN 108285441 A CN108285441 A CN 108285441A
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- Prior art keywords
- nicotine
- weight percent
- crystal
- mandelate
- tobacco
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 235000019505 tobacco product Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- -1 nicotine-mandelate compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 24
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B13/00—Tobacco for pipes, for cigars, e.g. cigar inserts, or for cigarettes; Chewing tobacco; Snuff
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/10—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/16—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes
- A24B15/167—Chemical features of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes of tobacco substitutes in liquid or vaporisable form, e.g. liquid compositions for electronic cigarettes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C51/00—Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides or anhydrides
- C07C51/41—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids
- C07C51/412—Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids, their salts, esters or anhydrides with the same carboxylic acid part
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Tobacco Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种尼古丁‑扁桃酸盐复合物晶体,其晶体分子式为:C26H30N2O6;所述晶体属于正交晶系,空间群P212121,晶胞参数: α=β=γ=90.00°。本发明还公开了其制备方法,包括:a、量取尼古丁和扁桃酸,用溶剂溶解扁桃酸制得饱和溶液,将扁桃酸饱和溶液置于水浴环境中,搅拌并滴加尼古丁;b、将步骤a中的反应液体转移至避光容器中,超声处理,然后将反应产物避光置于室温环境下,挥发溶剂,即可获得尼古丁扁桃酸盐晶体。该复合物晶体在人工模拟唾液中表现出明显的缓释作用。本发明还公开了包含尼古丁‑扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的烟草制品,所述烟草制品为胶基型嚼烟、袋装口含烟、电子烟烟液或加热不燃烧型卷烟烟支。
The invention discloses a nicotine-mandelate complex crystal, the crystal molecular formula is: C 26 H 30 N 2 O 6 ; the crystal belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system, the space group is P212121, and the unit cell parameters are: α=β=γ=90.00°. The invention also discloses a preparation method thereof, comprising: a. measuring nicotine and mandelic acid, dissolving mandelic acid in a solvent to obtain a saturated solution, placing the saturated solution of mandelic acid in a water bath environment, stirring and adding nicotine dropwise; b. The reaction liquid in step a is transferred to a light-proof container, subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and then the reaction product is kept away from light at room temperature, and the solvent is volatilized to obtain nicotine mandelate crystals. The complex crystal exhibits obvious slow-release effect in artificial simulated saliva. The invention also discloses a tobacco product containing nicotine-mandelate complex crystal, and the tobacco product is gum-based chewing tobacco, bagged snus, electronic cigarette liquid or heat-not-burn cigarette.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于有机晶体领域,具体涉及一种尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体及其制备方法。The invention belongs to the field of organic crystals, in particular to a nicotine-mandelate complex crystal and a preparation method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
尼古丁是烟叶中天然生物碱的主要化学成分,分子结构是由两个氮杂环构成,吡咯环pKa=7.87,吡啶环pKa=3.15。吡啶环中的氮原子由于芳香化的影响,碱性很弱,与芳胺的碱性相近。吡咯烷环中的氮原子属于叔胺,由于此环没有芳香化,其碱性与脂肪族叔胺碱性相近,所以,尼古丁容易和酸进行化学反应。Rose,J.E.,et al.,Pulmonary deliveryof nicotine pyruvate:Sensory and pharmacokinetic characteristics.Experimentaland Clinical Psychopharmacology,2010.18(5):385-394报道了尼古丁丙酮酸盐,并进行了相关药代动力学方面的研究。Hwa Jung,B.,et al.,Different pharmacokinetics ofnicotine following intravenous administration of nicotine base and nicotinehydrogen tartarate in rats.Journal of Controlled Release,2001.77(3):183-190报道了尼古丁酒石酸盐在大鼠体内的药代动力学,但在该研究中,并未得到尼古丁-酒石酸盐固体产物和晶体结构。利用尼古丁独特的化学性质,合理选择有机或无机酸小分子,通过酸碱反应,合成的尼古丁盐复合物。虽然尼古丁以另一种化学形态存在,但并不影响尼古丁的吸食效果,反而对口感有一定的改善作用,通过成盐的方式,将尼古丁固态化,还能提升尼古丁的缓释效果且可以降低对消化道的刺激性。因此,尼古丁复合物显示出在烟草行业潜在的应用价值。Nicotine is the main chemical component of natural alkaloids in tobacco leaves. The molecular structure is composed of two nitrogen heterocycles, the pyrrole ring pKa=7.87, and the pyridine ring pKa=3.15. Due to the influence of aromatization, the nitrogen atom in the pyridine ring has a weak basicity, which is similar to that of aromatic amines. The nitrogen atom in the pyrrolidine ring belongs to a tertiary amine. Since the ring is not aromatic, its basicity is similar to that of an aliphatic tertiary amine, so nicotine is easy to chemically react with an acid. Rose, J.E., et al., Pulmonary delivery of nicotine pyruvate: Sensory and pharmacokinetic characteristics. Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 2010.18(5): 385-394 reported nicotine pyruvate, and conducted related pharmacokinetic studies. Hwa Jung, B., et al., Different pharmacokinetics of nicotine following intravenous administration of nicotine base and nicotinehydrogen tartarate in rats. Journal of Controlled Release, 2001.77 (3): 183-190 reported the pharmacokinetics of nicotine tartrate in rats Kinetics, but in this study, the nicotine-tartrate solid product and crystal structure were not obtained. Using the unique chemical properties of nicotine, rationally select small organic or inorganic acid molecules, and synthesize nicotine salt complexes through acid-base reactions. Although nicotine exists in another chemical form, it does not affect the smoking effect of nicotine. On the contrary, it can improve the taste to a certain extent. By forming salt, nicotine can be solidified, which can also improve the slow-release effect of nicotine and reduce the Irritating to the digestive tract. Therefore, the nicotine compound shows potential application value in the tobacco industry.
目前在市场上除了传统的端部点燃型卷烟外,还有胶基型嚼烟、袋装口含烟、电子烟、加热不燃烧型卷烟等,这些被通常为新型烟草制品。这些新型烟草制品要么采用烟草作为直接原料,要么是直接添加尼古丁,这会使产品在消费时,尼古丁释放过快过猛,有些尼古丁含量较高的产品甚至对会带来一定的口腔、胃肠或呼吸道刺激性,引起身体不适。At present, in addition to traditional end-lit cigarettes, there are also gum-based chewing tobacco, pouched snus, electronic cigarettes, heat-not-burn cigarettes, etc. on the market, which are usually new tobacco products. These new tobacco products either use tobacco as the direct raw material, or add nicotine directly, which will cause the nicotine to be released too fast and too violently when the product is consumed, and some products with high nicotine content may even cause certain oral and gastrointestinal symptoms. Or respiratory irritation, causing physical discomfort.
因此,有必要改进尼古丁的摄入方式。Therefore, it is necessary to improve the intake mode of nicotine.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明第一方面提供一种尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体,这个复合物晶体为各种形式的烟草制品,例如传统卷烟、雪茄烟、电子烟、加热不燃烧卷烟以及无烟气烟草制品的尼古丁引入形式提供了更多形式。The first aspect of the present invention provides a nicotine-mandelate complex crystal, which is used in various forms of tobacco products, such as traditional cigarettes, cigars, electronic cigarettes, heat-not-burn cigarettes and smokeless tobacco products Nicotine infusion forms offer more.
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现:The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体,其晶体分子式为:C26H30N2O6。A nicotine-mandelate complex crystal, the crystal molecular formula is: C 26 H 30 N 2 O 6 .
上述复合物晶体分子由一个加氢的尼古丁阳离子(一价)与一个扁桃酸根离子(一价)和一个扁桃酸分子组成。The above complex crystal molecule is composed of a hydrogenated nicotine cation (monovalent), a mandelic acid ion (monovalent) and a mandelic acid molecule.
上述所述晶体经单晶X-射线衍射实验和晶体结构计算确认,晶体属于正交晶系,空间群P212121,晶胞参数:晶胞参数: α=β=γ=90.00°。The above-mentioned crystals are confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction experiments and crystal structure calculations. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic crystal system, space group P212121, unit cell parameters: unit cell parameters: α=β=γ=90.00°.
上述所述晶体的晶胞体积晶胞内不对称单位数Z=4,R1=0.0608,wR2=0.0949,其晶体结构如图2所示。The unit cell volume of the above-mentioned crystal The number of asymmetric units in the unit cell is Z=4, R 1 =0.0608, wR 2 =0.0949, and its crystal structure is shown in FIG. 2 .
上述所述晶体密度为1.255g/cm3,相对分子质量为466.52。The above-mentioned crystal density is 1.255g/cm 3 , and the relative molecular mass is 466.52.
本发明的第二方面提供一种尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体制备方法,包括如下制备步骤:A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing nicotine-mandelate complex crystals, comprising the following preparation steps:
a、量取尼古丁和扁桃酸,用溶剂溶解扁桃酸制得饱和溶液,将扁桃酸饱和溶液置于水浴环境中,搅拌并滴加尼古丁;a. Measure nicotine and mandelic acid, dissolve mandelic acid with a solvent to obtain a saturated solution, place the saturated solution of mandelic acid in a water bath environment, stir and add nicotine dropwise;
b、将步骤a中的反应液体转移至避光容器中,超声,然后将反应产物避光置于室温环境下,挥发溶剂,即可获得尼古丁扁桃酸盐晶体。b. The reaction liquid in step a is transferred to a light-proof container, ultrasonicated, and then the reaction product is kept away from light at room temperature, and the solvent is volatilized to obtain nicotine mandelate crystals.
其中,所述扁桃酸选自D-扁桃酸、L-扁桃酸,DL-扁桃酸的一种或多种。Wherein, the mandelic acid is selected from one or more of D-mandelic acid, L-mandelic acid and DL-mandelic acid.
优选地,步骤a中的溶剂选自水、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙醚、甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、二氯甲烷、三氯甲烷、二甲亚砜中的一种或多种。Preferably, the solvent in step a is selected from one or more of water, acetone, ethyl acetate, ether, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, methylene chloride, chloroform, dimethyl sulfoxide .
优选地,步骤a中所述尼古丁与扁桃酸的摩尔比为1:2,所述扁桃酸水浴环境温度为15℃-50℃,所述反应液的pH<7.0。Preferably, the molar ratio of nicotine to mandelic acid in step a is 1:2, the ambient temperature of the mandelic acid water bath is 15°C-50°C, and the pH of the reaction solution is <7.0.
优选地,步骤b中所述超声温度为15℃-50℃;所述超声频率为20KHz-120KHz;所述超声时间为1-10h。Preferably, the ultrasonic temperature in step b is 15°C-50°C; the ultrasonic frequency is 20KHz-120KHz; and the ultrasonic time is 1-10h.
本发明第三方面涉及包含本发明第一方面所述的尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的烟草制品,其中所述烟草制品为胶基型嚼烟、袋装口含烟、电子烟烟液或加热不燃烧型卷烟烟支。The third aspect of the present invention relates to a tobacco product comprising the nicotine-mandelate complex crystal described in the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the tobacco product is gum-based chewing tobacco, snus in pouches, electronic cigarette liquid or Heat-not-burn cigarettes.
其中,当所述烟草制品为胶基型嚼烟时,其还包括胶基、甜味剂、酸碱调节剂、香味剂、食用色素、保润剂;其中所述胶基包括橡胶、酯类、石蜡、硬化油中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为10~30%;所述甜味剂包括单糖、二糖、三糖、多糖、多元醇、增甜剂中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为20~70%;所述酸碱调节剂选为碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠中的一种或两种,其重量百分比为1~10%;所述香味剂选自柠檬、薄荷、咖啡、草莓、蓝莓、菠萝、桃子、苹果、橘子、西瓜、红枣、乌梅、滇橄榄提取物香味剂香料中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为1~10%;所述食用色素选自红曲、叶绿素、姜黄素、胡萝卜素、苋菜、糖色中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为0.1%~10%;所述保润剂为丙二醇、丙三醇中的一种或两种,其重量百分比为1~10%,所述尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的重量百分比为1~10%。Wherein, when the tobacco product is gum-based chewing tobacco, it also includes gum base, sweetener, acid-base regulator, flavoring agent, food coloring, humectant; wherein the gum base includes rubber, esters One or more of paraffin, hardened oil, and its weight percentage is 10-30%; the sweetener includes one or more of monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, polysaccharides, polyalcohols, sweeteners Various, its weight percentage is 20~70%; The described acid-base regulator is selected as one or both in sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, and its weight percentage is 1~10%; The described flavoring agent is selected from lemon , mint, coffee, strawberry, blueberry, pineapple, peach, apple, orange, watermelon, red date, ebony, Yunnan olive extract flavoring agent or spices, the percentage by weight is 1-10%; the edible The pigment is selected from one or more of red yeast rice, chlorophyll, curcumin, carotene, amaranth, and sugar color, and its weight percentage is 0.1% to 10%; the humectant is one of propylene glycol and glycerin Or two, the weight percentage is 1-10%, and the weight percentage of the nicotine-mandelate complex crystal is 1-10%.
当所述烟草制品为袋装口含烟时,其还包括纤维素、水、氯化钠、香味剂、酸碱调节剂、矫味剂、保润剂和抗氧化剂;其中,所述纤维素选自天然纤维、微晶纤维素、纤维素衍生物中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为45~60%;所述水的重量百分比为10~30%;所述氯化钠的重量百分比为3~5%;所述香味剂选自柠檬、薄荷、咖啡、草莓、蓝莓、菠萝、桃子、苹果、橘子、西瓜、红枣、乌梅、橄榄味香精香料中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为5~20%;所述酸碱调节剂选自碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠中的一种或两种,其重量百分比为1~5%;所述矫味剂选自单糖、二糖、三糖、多糖、多元醇、增甜剂中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为1~15%;所述保润剂选自丙二醇、丙三醇中的一种或两种,其重量百分比为1~5%;所述抗氧化剂选自维生素A、维生素C、维生素E、茶多酚中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为1~5%;所述尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的重量百分比为1~20%。When the tobacco product is bagged snus, it also includes cellulose, water, sodium chloride, flavoring agent, acid-base regulator, flavoring agent, humectant and antioxidant; wherein, the cellulose One or more selected from natural fibers, microcrystalline cellulose, and cellulose derivatives, the percentage by weight is 45-60%; the percentage by weight of the water is 10-30%; the weight percentage of the sodium chloride Percentage is 3~5%; Described fragrance agent is selected from one or more in lemon, mint, coffee, strawberry, blueberry, pineapple, peach, apple, orange, watermelon, red date, ebony, olive flavor essence and fragrance, its The weight percentage is 5-20%; the acid-base regulator is selected from one or both of sodium bicarbonate and sodium carbonate, and its weight percentage is 1-5%; the corrective agent is selected from monosaccharide, di One or more of sugars, trisaccharides, polysaccharides, polyols, and sweeteners, the percentage by weight is 1 to 15%; the humectant is selected from one or both of propylene glycol and glycerin, Its weight percentage is 1-5%; the antioxidant is selected from one or more of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, and tea polyphenols, and its weight percentage is 1-5%; the nicotine-mandelic acid The weight percentage of the salt complex crystal is 1-20%.
当所述烟草制品为电子烟烟液时,其还包括丙二醇、丙三醇、保润剂和香精香料;其中,所述丙二醇和丙三醇的重量百分比为65~95%;所述保润剂选自丁二醇、聚乙二醇、三甘醇、三乙酸甘油酯、二乙酸甘油酯中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为1~20%;所述香精香料的重量百分比0.1~10%;所述尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的重量百分比为1~10%。When the tobacco product is an electronic cigarette liquid, it also includes propylene glycol, glycerin, humectants and flavors and fragrances; wherein, the weight percentage of the propylene glycol and glycerin is 65% to 95%; the moisturizing The agent is selected from one or more of butanediol, polyethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, glyceryl triacetate, and glycerin diacetate, and its weight percentage is 1-20%; the weight percentage of the flavor fragrance is 0.1 ~10%; the weight percentage of the nicotine-mandelate complex crystal is 1~10%.
当所述烟草制品为加热不燃烧型卷烟烟支时,其还包括纤维、发烟剂、不燃性无机填料、粘合剂、助燃剂和香精香料;其中,所述纤维选自植物纤维、人造纤维、合成纤维、矿物纤维中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为30~70%;所述发烟剂选自多元醇、丙二醇、丙三醇、三甘醇、山梨醇、木糖醇、乙二醇、酯、烷烃中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为10~30%;所述不燃性无机填料选自碳酸钙、氧化镁、硫酸镁、二氧化硅、白垩、珍珠岩、硅藻土、不燃性无机填料中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为10~50%;所述粘合剂为有机粘合剂、不燃性无机粘合剂中的一种或两种,其重量百分比为5~20%;所述助燃剂为钾盐,其重量百分比为1~3%;所述香精香料选自甘草提取物、咖啡提取物、香草醛、巨豆三烯酮、茄酮、甘草、咖啡、β-大马酮、烟草提取物中的一种或多种,其重量百分比为1~20%;所述尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的重量百分比为1~20%。When the tobacco product is a heat-not-burn cigarette, it also includes fibers, smokers, non-combustible inorganic fillers, binders, combustion enhancers and flavors and fragrances; wherein, the fibers are selected from plant fibers, artificial One or more of fiber, synthetic fiber and mineral fiber, the percentage by weight is 30-70%; the smoke-generating agent is selected from polyol, propylene glycol, glycerol, triethylene glycol, sorbitol, xylitol , ethylene glycol, ester, alkane, and its percentage by weight is 10-30%; the non-combustible inorganic filler is selected from calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulfate, silicon dioxide, chalk, perlite , diatomite, non-combustible inorganic filler or one or more, its weight percentage is 10-50%; the binder is one or both of organic binder, non-combustible inorganic binder , its weight percentage is 5-20%; the described combustion enhancer is a potassium salt, its weight percentage is 1-3%; One or more of solanone, licorice, coffee, β-damascenone, and tobacco extract, the percentage by weight is 1-20%; the percentage by weight of the nicotine-mandelate complex crystal is 1-20% %.
本发明的有益效果:Beneficial effects of the present invention:
本发明通过成盐的方式将尼古丁和扁桃酸结合并首次通过精细控制结晶条件形成单晶体,该晶体在人工模拟唾液中表现出明显的缓释作用,使该固体产物能应用于各种形式的烟草制品例如传统卷烟、雪茄烟、电子烟、加热不燃烧卷烟以及无烟气烟草制品的配方设计、质量控制研究中,为尼古丁的引入形式提供了更多可能性。实验中发现,使用尼古丁扁桃酸盐复合晶体,对吸烟者的口腔、肠胃和呼吸道刺激性明显下降。The present invention combines nicotine and mandelic acid by forming a salt and forms a single crystal by finely controlling crystallization conditions for the first time. The crystal shows obvious slow-release effect in artificial simulated saliva, so that the solid product can be applied to various forms of tobacco Products such as traditional cigarettes, cigars, e-cigarettes, heat-not-burn cigarettes, and smokeless tobacco products provide more possibilities for the introduction of nicotine in the formulation design and quality control research. In the experiment, it was found that the use of nicotine mandelate compound crystals significantly reduced the irritation to the mouth, stomach and respiratory tract of smokers.
此外,通过向烟草制品中引入本发明的尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体,还能向用户递送扁桃酸,扁桃酸能帮助细胞更新,使皮肤滑顺细腻,具有一定的保健功能。In addition, by introducing the nicotine-mandelate complex crystal of the present invention into tobacco products, mandelic acid can also be delivered to users. Mandelic acid can help cell renewal, make skin smooth and delicate, and has certain health care functions.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体结构图;Fig. 1 is the crystal structure figure of nicotine-mandelate complex;
图2为尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体氢键图;Fig. 2 is nicotine-mandelate complex crystal hydrogen bond figure;
图3为尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体结构堆积图;Fig. 3 is a nicotine-mandelate complex crystal structure stacking diagram;
图4为尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体实物图。Fig. 4 is a physical picture of nicotine-mandelate complex crystals.
图5为含尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的胶基型嚼烟(产品3)、含纯尼古丁的胶基型嚼烟(产品1)及含烟丝的胶基型嚼烟(产品2)的尼古丁体外溶出对比图。Figure 5 shows the results of gum-based chewing tobacco containing nicotine-mandelate complex crystals (product 3), gum-based chewing tobacco containing pure nicotine (product 1) and gum-based chewing tobacco containing shredded tobacco (product 2) Comparison chart of nicotine dissolution in vitro.
图6为含尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的袋装口含烟(产品3A)、含纯尼古丁的袋装口含烟(产品1A)及含烟丝的袋装口含烟(产品2A)的尼古丁体外溶出对比图。Fig. 6 shows the pictures of snus in pouches containing nicotine-mandelate complex crystals (product 3A), snus in pouches containing pure nicotine (product 1A) and snus in pouches containing shredded tobacco (product 2A). Comparison chart of nicotine dissolution in vitro.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下实施例旨在说明本发明的内容,而不是对本发明保护范围的进一步限定。The following examples are intended to illustrate the content of the present invention, rather than to further limit the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
1、尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的制备1. Preparation of nicotine-mandelate complex crystals
准确量取摩尔比为1︰2的尼古丁(纯度≥99%)和扁桃酸(纯度≥98%)。用适量的乙醇溶解扁桃酸制得饱和溶液,将扁桃酸饱和溶液置于30℃水浴环境中,充分搅拌并缓慢滴加尼古丁,控制pH=5.5。滴加完毕后,将反应液体转移至避光容器中,在30℃环境中,以80KHz的频率超声5h。将反应产物避光置于室温环境下,缓慢挥发溶剂,20天后即可获得尼古丁-扁桃酸复合物晶体。Accurately measure nicotine (purity ≥ 99%) and mandelic acid (purity ≥ 98%) with a molar ratio of 1:2. Dissolve mandelic acid with an appropriate amount of ethanol to prepare a saturated solution, place the saturated mandelic acid solution in a water bath environment at 30°C, stir well and slowly add nicotine dropwise to control the pH=5.5. After the dropwise addition, the reaction liquid was transferred to a light-proof container, and ultrasonicated at a frequency of 80KHz for 5h in an environment of 30°C. The reaction product is kept away from light at room temperature, the solvent is slowly evaporated, and nicotine-mandelic acid complex crystals can be obtained after 20 days.
2、尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体单晶结构表征2. Characterization of nicotine-mandelate complex crystal single crystal structure
选择室温下培养获得的大小合适的片状晶体,利用Xcalibur Eos衍射仪进行X-射线单晶衍射测试。The flaky crystals of suitable size obtained by culturing at room temperature were selected, and X-ray single crystal diffraction test was carried out by Xcalibur Eos diffractometer.
测试条件是:MoKα辐射,λ=0.71073,293K,θ扫描范围3.13-26.37°,Olex2-1.1(SHELX-97)软件包用于结构解析与精修。The test conditions are: MoK α radiation, λ=0.71073, 293K, θ scan range 3.13-26.37°, Olex2-1.1 (SHELX-97) software package for structure analysis and refinement.
X-射线单晶衍射(SXRD)结构分析表明,尼古丁扁桃酸复合物晶体为一个尼古丁阳离子(一价)与一个扁桃酸根离子(一价)和一个扁桃酸分子组成,晶体结构如图2所示。该复合物的化学计量式为C26H30N2O6,单个分子相对分子质量为466.52,计算晶体密度为1.255g/cm3。同时,SXRD结果表明该复合物属正交晶系,P212121空间群。晶胞参数为: α=β=γ=90.00°,Z=4,该解析结果R1=0.0608,wR2=0.0949。X-ray single crystal diffraction (SXRD) structural analysis shows that the nicotine-mandelic acid complex crystal is composed of a nicotine cation (monovalent) and a mandelic acid ion (monovalent) and a mandelic acid molecule. The crystal structure is shown in Figure 2 . The stoichiometric formula of the complex is C 26 H 30 N 2 O 6 , the relative molecular weight of a single molecule is 466.52, and the calculated crystal density is 1.255 g/cm 3 . At the same time, SXRD results show that the complex belongs to the orthorhombic crystal system, space group P212121. The unit cell parameters are: α=β=γ=90.00°, Z=4, the analysis results R1=0.0608, wR2=0.0949.
尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体除了以静电作用(离子键)紧密结合外,氢键在其空间结构的形成中也扮演了重要角色。尼古丁扁桃酸复合物晶体中氢键作用如图3所示,氢键数据列于表1中。In addition to the close combination of nicotine-mandelate complex crystals by electrostatic interaction (ionic bonds), hydrogen bonds also play an important role in the formation of its spatial structure. The hydrogen bond interaction in the nicotine-mandelic acid complex crystal is shown in Figure 3, and the hydrogen bond data are listed in Table 1.
表1尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体氢键数据Table 1 Hydrogen bond data of nicotine-mandelate complex crystals
尼古丁分子吡咯环上的氮(N2)结合扁桃酸羧基(-CO4O5H)供给的H+变为-NH+-,-O5H失去H+变为O5-,因此O5-具有较大的电负性,通过N2-H2···O5和O6-H6A···O5氢键与尼古丁离子和晶格中另外一个中性的扁桃酸分子连接。除此之外,含O5-的扁桃酸离子还通过C6-H6···O3和C8-H8B···O3另外一个尼古丁离子相连,其自身也通过分子内氢键O3-H3A···O4形成S(5)环平面结构。复合物中的中性扁桃酸分子主要通过氢键作用力结合在晶格中,如上所述该分子通过O6-H6A···O5氢键连接一个扁桃酸根离子,且还通过O8-H8···N1和C9-H9A···O6连接两个不同的尼古丁离子。由晶体结构堆积图,如图3,可以明显的看出,尼古丁离子与扁桃酸根离子两两紧密结合且整体形成菱形网格状结构,每个菱形格中都插入了一个中性的扁桃酸分子。The nitrogen (N 2 ) on the pyrrole ring of the nicotine molecule combined with the mandelic acid carboxyl group (-CO 4 O 5 H) provided H + to become -NH+-, and -O5H lost H+ to become O5-, so O5- has a larger charge Negative, through the N2-H2···O5 and O6-H6A···O5 hydrogen bonds, it is connected to the nicotine ion and another neutral mandelic acid molecule in the lattice. In addition, the mandelic acid ion containing O5- is also connected by another nicotine ion of C6-H6···O3 and C8-H8B···O3, and itself is also connected by intramolecular hydrogen bond O3-H3A···O4 Form the S(5) ring planar structure. The neutral mandelic acid molecules in the complex are mainly bound in the crystal lattice by hydrogen bonding forces, as described above, the molecule is connected to a mandelate ion by O6-H6A...O5 hydrogen bonds, and also by O8-H8... · N1 and C9-H9A · · · O6 link two different nicotine ions. From the stacking diagram of the crystal structure, as shown in Figure 3, it can be clearly seen that nicotine ions and mandelic acid ions are closely combined in pairs and form a diamond-shaped grid structure as a whole, and a neutral mandelic acid molecule is inserted in each diamond-shaped lattice .
实施例2Example 2
1、含尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体胶基型嚼烟的制备1. Preparation of nicotine-mandelate complex crystal gum-based chewing tobacco
a、取苯乙烯-丁二烯橡胶30%、环己氨基磺酸盐56%、丙二醇1%、甘油2%、咖啡香味剂1%、滇橄榄提取物香味剂4%、碳酸钠2%、胡萝卜素1%、尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物3%;a, get styrene-butadiene rubber 30%, cyclamate 56%, propylene glycol 1%, glycerin 2%, coffee fragrance 1%, Yunnan olive extract fragrance 4%, sodium carbonate 2%, Carotene 1%, nicotine-mandelate complex 3%;
b、先对胶基进行烘烤,将物料混匀后,在60℃下搅拌60分钟、成型挤出、滚筒延压、裁切、老化,分装即为成品。b. Baking the gum base first, mixing the materials evenly, stirring at 60°C for 60 minutes, forming, extruding, roller rolling, cutting, aging, and subpackaging is the finished product.
2、尼古丁体外溶出测试2. Nicotine dissolution test in vitro
将步骤1所制得的产品与含纯尼古丁的胶基型嚼烟、含烟丝的胶基型嚼烟分别进行尼古丁体外溶出测试实验。The product prepared in step 1, the gum-based chewing tobacco containing pure nicotine, and the gum-based chewing tobacco containing shredded tobacco were respectively subjected to nicotine dissolution test in vitro.
本发明利用口腔模拟咀嚼仪对上述三种胶基型嚼烟产品进行尼古丁的体外溶出测试。The present invention utilizes an oral cavity simulated chewing instrument to perform in vitro dissolution tests of nicotine on the above three gum-based chewing tobacco products.
测试方法:将按表2配制的人工唾液加入储液瓶中,置于恒温水浴锅内恒温至37℃。开机,设定温度为37℃,根据表3设定模拟溶出装置参数,取胶基型嚼烟样品放入溶液皿内,在电机的带动下咀嚼机械手和模拟口腔中的左右开合旋转组件开始工作,到达系统设置的咀嚼次数后,电机停止工作,紧接着出液,蠕动泵抽出溶液皿中的萃取液,测定萃取液中的尼古丁含量,所得结果如图5所示。Test method: Add the artificial saliva prepared according to Table 2 into the liquid storage bottle, and place it in a constant temperature water bath to keep the temperature at 37°C. Turn on the machine, set the temperature at 37°C, set the parameters of the simulated dissolution device according to Table 3, take the gum-based chewing tobacco sample and put it into the solution dish, and the chewing manipulator and the left and right opening and closing rotating components in the simulated oral cavity will start under the drive of the motor. Work, after reaching the number of chewing times set by the system, the motor stops working, and then the liquid is discharged, the peristaltic pump pumps out the extract in the solution dish, and the nicotine content in the extract is measured. The obtained results are shown in Figure 5.
表2人工唾液配方Table 2 Artificial saliva formula
表3模拟咀嚼参数Table 3 simulated chewing parameters
结果表明,以尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体作为尼古丁引入形式(产品3),可以明显减缓产品尼古丁释放速率,达到缓释功效,尤其是在食用前10分钟,释放速率缓慢平和,远远低于直接添加尼古丁(产品1)和添加烟草材料的产品(产品2)。经过相关人员评吸,添加尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物的产品,能提供持续的口感和满足感,且对消化道的刺激性明显低于其他两种产品。The results show that using nicotine-mandelate complex crystals as the form of nicotine introduction (product 3) can significantly slow down the release rate of nicotine in the product and achieve the effect of slow release, especially in the first 10 minutes before consumption, the release rate is slow and peaceful, far lower than For direct added nicotine (Product 1) and products with added tobacco material (Product 2). After evaluation by relevant personnel, the product added with nicotine-mandelate complex can provide a continuous taste and satisfaction, and the irritation to the digestive tract is significantly lower than the other two products.
实施例3Example 3
1、含尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体袋装口含烟的制备1. Preparation of pouched snus containing nicotine-mandelate complex crystals
a、取微晶纤维素45%、柠檬香精5%、丙二醇5%、尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物15%;a. Take 45% of microcrystalline cellulose, 5% of lemon essence, 5% of propylene glycol, and 15% of nicotine-mandelate complex;
b、将物料混匀过筛后,取粒度20目的粉粒混合均匀,分别通过烘烤和巴氏消毒锅加热处理后,加入水15%、氯化钠3%、碳酸钠2%、掺配均匀,冷藏12小时,喷施蜂蜜4%、葡萄糖4%、阿巴斯甜1%、维生素E1%,密封冷藏24小时,经紫外杀菌3小时,分装即为成品。b. After mixing and sieving the materials, take the powder with a particle size of 20 mesh and mix evenly. After baking and heat treatment in a pasteurizer, add 15% of water, 3% of sodium chloride, and 2% of sodium carbonate. Evenly, refrigerated for 12 hours, sprayed with 4% honey, 4% glucose, 1% aspartame, and 1% vitamin E, sealed and refrigerated for 24 hours, sterilized by ultraviolet light for 3 hours, and divided into finished products.
2、尼古丁体外溶出测试2. Nicotine dissolution test in vitro
将步骤1所制得的产品与含纯尼古丁的袋装口含烟、含烟丝的袋装口含烟分别进行尼古丁体外溶出测试实验。The product prepared in step 1, the bagged snus containing pure nicotine, and the bagged snus containing shredded tobacco were respectively subjected to nicotine dissolution test in vitro.
本发明利用口腔模拟咀嚼仪对上述三种袋装口含烟产品进行尼古丁的体外溶出测试。The present invention utilizes an oral cavity simulated chewing instrument to perform in vitro dissolution tests of nicotine on the above three bagged snus products.
测试方法:将按表4配制的人工唾液加入储液瓶中,置于恒温水浴锅内恒温至37℃。开机,设定温度为37℃,根据表5设定模拟溶出装置参数,取胶基型嚼烟样品放入溶液皿内,在电机的带动下咀嚼机械手和模拟口腔中的左右开合旋转组件开始工作,到达系统设置的咀嚼次数后,电机停止工作,紧接着出液,蠕动泵抽出溶液皿中的萃取液,测定萃取液中的尼古丁含量,所得结果如图1所示。Test method: Add the artificial saliva prepared according to Table 4 into the liquid storage bottle, and place it in a constant temperature water bath to keep the temperature at 37°C. Turn on the machine, set the temperature at 37°C, set the parameters of the simulated dissolution device according to Table 5, take the gum-based chewing tobacco sample and put it into the solution dish, and the chewing manipulator and the left and right opening and closing rotating components in the simulated oral cavity will start under the drive of the motor. Work, after reaching the number of chewing times set by the system, the motor stops working, and then the liquid is discharged, the peristaltic pump pumps out the extract in the solution dish, and the nicotine content in the extract is measured. The obtained results are shown in Figure 1.
表4人工唾液配方Table 4 Artificial saliva formula
表5模拟咀嚼参数Table 5 simulated chewing parameters
结果表明,以尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体作为尼古丁引入形式(产品3),可以明显减缓产品尼古丁释放速率,达到缓释功效,尤其是在食用前10分钟,释放速率缓慢平和,远远低于直接添加尼古丁(产品1)和添加烟草材料的产品(产品2)。经过相关人员评吸,添加尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物的产品,能提供持续的口感和满足感,且对消化道的刺激性明显低于其他两种产品The results show that using nicotine-mandelate complex crystals as the form of nicotine introduction (product 3) can significantly slow down the release rate of nicotine in the product and achieve the effect of slow release, especially in the first 10 minutes before consumption, the release rate is slow and peaceful, far lower than For direct added nicotine (Product 1) and products with added tobacco material (Product 2). After evaluation by relevant personnel, the product added with nicotine-mandelate complex can provide a continuous taste and satisfaction, and the irritation to the digestive tract is significantly lower than the other two products
实施例4Example 4
一种含尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的电子烟烟液,由以下重量百分比的组分组成:丙二醇25%、丙三醇55%、香草香精1.5%、咖啡香料0.5%、尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物5%、聚乙二醇6%、可可香料1%、曲奇香料1%、烟草提取物香料5%。An electronic cigarette liquid containing nicotine-mandelate complex crystals, which is composed of the following components in weight percentage: 25% propylene glycol, 55% glycerin, 1.5% vanilla flavor, 0.5% coffee flavor, nicotine-mandelic acid Salt Complex 5%, Polyethylene Glycol 6%, Cocoa Flavor 1%, Cookie Flavor 1%, Tobacco Extract Flavor 5%.
对比例4Comparative example 4
一种普通常规的电子烟烟液由以下重量百分比的组分组成:丙二醇25%、丙三醇55%、香草香精1.5%、咖啡香料0.5%、烟碱5%、可可香精1%、聚乙二醇6%、曲奇香料1%、烟草提取物香料5%。An ordinary conventional e-cigarette liquid consists of the following components by weight percentage: 25% propylene glycol, 55% glycerin, 1.5% vanilla flavor, 0.5% coffee flavor, 5% nicotine, 1% cocoa flavor, polyethylene Glycol 6%, Cookie Flavor 1%, Tobacco Extract Flavor 5%.
组织相关评吸专家,对比评吸了实施例4和对比例4,并进行了打分,打分表如下表所示(分数越高相应的指标越好)。添加尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物晶体的电子烟烟液在协调、刺激性和余味上都比直接添加烟碱的烟液更优,尤其是香气上明显好于对比例4,且整体的持续满足感和口感都更好。Relevant evaluation experts were organized to compare and evaluate Embodiment 4 and Comparative Example 4, and scored, and the scoring table is shown in the table below (the higher the score, the better the corresponding index). The e-cigarette liquid added with nicotine-mandelate complex crystals is better than the e-liquid directly added with nicotine in terms of coordination, stimulation and aftertaste, especially the aroma is significantly better than that of Comparative Example 4, and the overall continuous satisfaction Feel and taste are better.
表6电子烟感官质量检验原始记录Table 6 Original records of electronic cigarette sensory quality inspection
实施例5Example 5
一种含尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物的加热不燃烧卷烟烟支由以下重量百分比的组分组成:植物纤维60%、尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物5%、碳酸钙20%、丙二醇2.5%、甘油2.5%、香草醛1%、巨豆三烯酮2%、钾盐1%、羧甲基纤维素6%。A heat-not-burn cigarette stick containing nicotine-mandelate compound is composed of the following components in weight percentage: 60% of plant fiber, 5% of nicotine-mandelate compound, 20% of calcium carbonate, 2.5% of propylene glycol, Glycerin 2.5%, vanillin 1%, macrostigmatrienone 2%, potassium salt 1%, carboxymethyl cellulose 6%.
对比例5Comparative example 5
一种含烟草再造烟叶的加热不燃烧卷烟烟支由以下重量百分比的组分组成:再造烟叶65%、碳酸钙20%、丙二醇2.5%、甘油2.5%、钾盐1%、巨豆三烯酮2%、香草醛1%、羧甲基纤维素6%。A heat-not-burn cigarette containing tobacco reconstituted tobacco leaves is composed of the following components in weight percent: 65% reconstituted tobacco leaves, 20% calcium carbonate, 2.5% propylene glycol, 2.5% glycerin, 1% potassium salt, and macrostigmatrienone 2%, vanillin 1%, carboxymethyl cellulose 6%.
组织相关评吸专家,对比评吸了实施例5和对比例5,并进行了打分(分值越高,评吸效果越好),打分表如表7所示。添加尼古丁-扁桃酸盐复合物的加热不燃烧卷烟烟支在协调、刺激性和口感上都比采用常规的再造烟叶的加热不燃烧卷烟烟支更优,且整体的持续满足感和口感都更好。Organizing relevant appraising and sucking experts, compared and appraised embodiment 5 and comparative example 5, and scored (the higher the score, the better the appraised and sucked effect), the scoring table is as shown in table 7. The heat-not-burn cigarettes with nicotine-mandelate complex are better in coordination, stimulation and taste than the heat-not-burn cigarettes with conventional reconstituted tobacco leaves, and the overall continuous satisfaction and taste are better it is good.
表7加热不燃烧卷烟感官质量检验原始记录Table 7 Original records of sensory quality inspection of heat-not-burn cigarettes
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