CN108279127B - A kind of compressor is comprehensive performance test bed - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive performance test bench for compressors, the test compressor, dual-purpose motor, and test turbine are coaxially connected, and the first system inlet port and the second system inlet port are connected in parallel to the test compressor air intake. outlet, the outlet branch of the first compressor is connected to the cold end inlet of the regenerator, and the cold end branch of the regenerator is connected to the cold end outlet of the regenerator, and the outlet branch of the second compressor is respectively connected to the coarse adjustment branch and the fine-tuning branch, the coarse-tuning branch, the fine-tuning branch and the regenerator cold-end outlet pipeline are connected to the electric heater and the turbine inlet in turn, and the third compressor outlet branch is connected to the exhaust passage. The first turbine outlet branch is connected to the hot end inlet of the regenerator, the regenerator hot end branch is connected to the hot end outlet of the regenerator, and then connected to the exhaust passage, and the second turbine outlet branch is connected to the exhaust passage. The invention not only can meet the static test of the compressor, but also has the functions of dynamic test and unsteady flow field test.

Description

A compressor comprehensive performance test bench

technical field

The invention relates to a compressor performance test device.

Background technique

With the development of high-speed dynamic acquisition systems, in the field of compressor test benches, short-cycle test benches have attracted more and more attention due to their advantages such as easy access to the actual operating conditions of the compressor, simple operation, and low test costs. However, the short-cycle test bench can only be used for mechanism research because the test time is very short, only tens of milliseconds or seconds, and it is impossible to completely replace the long-cycle test bench; and the short-cycle test bench cannot fully simulate the working state of the compressor. The compressor components are comprehensively assessed in terms of aerodynamics, heat transfer and structural tests. In addition, the working flow rate of existing domestic compressor test benches is almost all small flow test benches. There are very few types of high-flow turbine test benches, and most of the existing products have disadvantages such as poor stability, large error in test data, complicated operation steps, and single product functions, which greatly increase the time and cost of turbine tests, and cannot meet all requirements. Corresponding scientific research and engineering test requirements.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compressor comprehensive performance test bench with multiple features such as long period, large flow rate and high stability.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

The present invention is a compressor comprehensive performance test bench, which is characterized in that it includes a test compressor, a test turbine, an electric heater, a regenerator, a dual-purpose motor, the first system inlet, the second system inlet, the second system The outlet branch of the first compressor, the outlet branch of the second compressor, the outlet branch of the third compressor, the outlet branch of the first turbine, the outlet branch of the second turbine, the exhaust duct, the test compressor, the dual-purpose motor, the test The turbines are coaxially connected, the first coupling is set between the test compressor and the dual-purpose motor, the second coupling is set between the dual-purpose motor and the test turbine, and the first filter, the second A flow meter, a first regulating valve, a second filter, a second flow meter, a humidifier, and a second regulating valve are arranged in sequence on the inlet of the second system, and the inlet of the first system and the inlet of the second system are connected in parallel The air inlet of the test compressor is connected, and the air outlet of the compressor is respectively connected with the first compressor outlet branch, the second compressor outlet branch, and the third compressor outlet branch, and the first compressor outlet branch passes through the first switch valve It is connected to the cold end air inlet of the regenerator, and connected to the cold end outlet of the regenerator through the cold end branch of the regenerator. The second compressor outlet branch is respectively connected to the coarse adjustment branch and the fine adjustment branch. A coarse regulating valve is installed on the road, and a micro regulating valve is installed on the fine regulating branch. The engine outlet branch is connected to the exhaust passage through the second switch valve, the test turbine outlet is connected to the first turbine outlet branch and the second turbine outlet branch, and the first turbine outlet branch is connected to the heat recovery device through the third switch valve. The inlet at the regenerator end is connected to the hot end outlet of the regenerator through the hot end branch of the regenerator, and then connected to the exhaust passage, and the outlet branch of the second turbine is connected to the exhaust passage through the fourth switch valve.

The present invention may also include:

1. There is an adjustable guide vane at the inlet of the test compressor, and the first-stage stationary vane is adjustable; the angle of the first-stage stationary vane cascade of the test turbine is adjustable, and the last-stage stationary vane cascade can be moved axially and circumferentially.

The advantages of the present invention are: the present invention has the advantages of long period, large flow rate, high stability, high precision, and convenient operation, and not only can satisfy the static test of the compressor, but also has the functions of dynamic test and unsteady flow field test, It can also realize the research of single compressor and compressor-turbine cooperation by controlling whether the turbine is connected, and can realize static flow field measurement, dynamic flow field measurement, compressor wet compression performance research, compressor variable geometry research, cycle heat recovery Performance research, turbo CLOCKING effect research and other functions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in more detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing example:

In conjunction with Fig. 1 , a comprehensive performance test bench for a compressor of the present invention includes: a quick opening (closing) valve 1, a regenerator 2, a test compressor 3, a regulating valve 4, a humidifier 5, a flow meter 6, and a filter 7 , coarse adjustment valve 8, micro adjustment valve 9, quick opening (closing) valve 10, quick opening (closing) valve 11, test turbine 12, dual-purpose motor 13, coupling 14, torque measuring instrument 15, electric heater 16 , quick opening (closing) valve 17.

The main part of the test bench includes air intake equipment, compressor 3 body, motor and exhaust duct. The air intake equipment is a series structure, and the filter, flow meter, (humidifier 5,) quick-opening valve are connected in sequence in sequence, and connected in parallel to the air intake end of the compressor 3; the motor provides the power source required for the work of the compressor 3; The air outlet of machine 3 is directly connected to the exhaust duct.

Considering that the working fluid at the outlet end of the compressor 3 has a relatively high pressure when the main body of the test bench is working, in order to reasonably utilize the energy of the working fluid, a heater and a turbine 12 are added in series after the outlet end of the compressor 3 in the main part of the test bench, and the corresponding Add a group of coarse and fine adjustment valves to adjust the turbine 12 into the flow. The exhaust end of the turbine 12 is directly connected to the exhaust duct.

In order to improve the function of the test bench, another circuit is installed at the outlet of the turbine 12 and a regenerator 2 is added. The inlet of the cold end of the regenerator 2 is connected to the outlet of the compressor 3, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the heater; The air inlet is connected with the outlet of the turbine 12, and the outlet is connected with the exhaust duct.

The complete connection of the system is as follows:

The air inlet of the system is divided into two branches, and each branch is equipped with an air inlet, a flow meter, a filter, and a quick opening (closing) valve in turn, and one of the branches is between the flow meter and the quick opening (closing) valve. A humidifier 5 is installed between them, and the two air inlets are connected in parallel to the air inlet of the compressor 3 .

The air outlet of the compressor 3 is connected to three branches: the cold end branch of the regenerator 2, the heater branch and the exhaust branch. Among them, the cold end branch of the regenerator 2 is led out from the outlet of the compressor 3, and then connected to the air inlet of the cold end of the regenerator 2 through a quick-opening (closing) valve; The valve is connected to the electric heater 16 and the turbine 12 in turn after converging the airflow at the air outlet of the cold end of the regenerator 2; the exhaust branch is drawn out from the outlet of the compressor 3 and then connected to the exhaust passage through a quick opening (closing) valve.

The gas outlet of the turbine 12 is connected to two branches: the hot end branch of the regenerator 2 and the exhaust branch. Wherein, the hot end branch of the regenerator 2 is drawn out from the gas outlet of the turbine 12 and then connected to the air inlet of the hot end of the regenerator 2 through a quick opening (closing) valve, and the gas outlet of the hot end of the regenerator 2 is connected to the exhaust duct; After the routing turbine 12 air outlet is drawn, it is connected to the exhaust passage through a quick opening (closing) valve.

The compressor 3, the dual-purpose motor 13, and the turbine 12 are coaxially connected. A set of couplings 14 are installed between the compressor 3 and the motor, and between the turbine 12 and the motor. The main power source of the compressor 3 is the motor, followed by the turbine. 12. A torsion meter 15 is installed between the shafts, which can observe the provided torque in real time.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, the technical purpose to be solved by the present invention is to increase the cycle of the test bench, fully simulate the working state of the compressor 3 and the turbine 12, and carry out comprehensive assessment of the components of the compressor 3 in terms of aerodynamic, heat transfer and structural tests, etc. Conduct all-round research on the working states of the compressor 3 and the turbine 12 under various cycle states.

The specific working process of this test bench is as follows:

The working process of the main body of the test bench: the air is divided into two branches and enters the filter 7 and the flow meter 6 through the air inlet. The air in the humid air branch passes through the humidifier 5 and then enters the regulating valve 4 respectively Obtain one branch each of dry and wet air, the gas ratio and flow rate of the two branches can be adjusted by the regulating valve according to the flow meter indication, and the humidity of the wet air can be adjusted according to the relevant parameters of the humidifier 5 and the gas flow of the two branches. The ratio is adjusted. Then the gas is mixed and then enters the compressor 3 to be compressed. The power source of the compressor 3 is provided by the dual-purpose motor 13. The parameters of the variable geometry compressor 3 are configured. After the air is compressed by the compressor 3, it enters the exhaust channel through the quick opening (closing) valve 17, and then is discharged from the system.

The main part of the test bench can complete the conventional performance test of the compressor 3 and the wet compression performance test of the compressor 3.

The main part of the test bench is equipped with the electric heater 16 and the turbine 12 to form the simple circulation part of the test bench. The working state of the compressor 3 and the previous parts are the same and will not be described again. At this time, the quick opening (closing) valve 17 is closed , the compressed air flows out through the compressor 3 and then enters the electric heater 16 for heating through the coarse regulating valve 8 and the fine regulating valve 9. The degree of heating can be adjusted according to the power of the heater, and the heated gas enters the turbine 12 Carry out the work of expansion, after the work, the exhausted gas enters the exhaust passage discharge system through the quick-opening (closing) valve 10, and the state selection of the dual-purpose motor 13 is determined by the power relationship of the compressor 3-turbine 12, generally for power generation.

In addition to realizing the functions of the main part, the simple cycle part of the test bench can also complete the complete cycle performance test of the Brayton cycle.

The simple circulation part of the test bench is equipped with the regenerator 2 to form the regenerating cycle part of the test bench. The hot fluid inlet of the regenerator 2 is connected to the exhaust port of the turbine 12 through the quick opening (closing) valve 11, The outlet is connected to the exhaust channel, the cold fluid inlet is connected to the outlet of the compressor 3 through the quick opening (closing) valve 1 , and the outlet is connected to the air inlet of the electric heater 16 . The same part as the simple cycle will not be described again. At this time, part of the air at the outlet of the compressor 3 enters the cold end of the regenerator 2, and part of the air at the outlet of the turbine 12 enters through the quick opening (closing) valve 11 The hot end of the regenerator 2 exchanges heat with the cold end, and then the air at the cold end enters the electric heater 16 , and the air at the hot end enters the exhaust duct discharge system. At this time, the dual-purpose motor 13 is in a generating state.

The reheating cycle part of the test bench is the complete structure of the test bench. In addition to realizing all the above functions, it can also complete the performance test of the reheating Brayton cycle.

A muffler is installed at the exhaust end of the test bench to reduce noise.

Both the compressor 3 and the turbine 12 adopt an axial intake type, and the inlet guide vanes are rotatable, and the rotation angle is ±10°. In addition, the axial gap between the wheels and the circumferential relative position between the two stators are continuously adjustable. The casing from the guide vane inlet section to the stator vane outlet section has an optical measurement window covering the entire flow area, which can be well connected to optical measurement equipment and observe the flow conditions of the entire turbine 12 . Except for the diffuser, the turbine casing adopts a horizontal split structure, and the two stator discs adopt a horizontal split structure, which is convenient for the installation and daily maintenance of the test bench. The rotor adopts a cantilever structure, which saves space inside the turbine 12 and facilitates the measurement of the flow field inside the turbine 12 .

The maximum air flow rate of the whole system can reach 18kg/s, and the temperature can be changed from ambient temperature to 120°C.

The selection of other relevant accessories includes: (1) The filter should be able to filter out more than 75% of the fine dust of 15 μm to ensure that the air flowing into the unit is clean; (2) If the flowmeter is a vortex flowmeter or a standard Venturi tube, then The length of the straight pipe section before and after the flowmeter needs to be at least 8000mm, and if a V-cone flowmeter is used, it needs to be at least 6000mm; (3) The electric valve must have a wide adjustment range and have little interference with the upstream and downstream airflow. Its nominal diameter, nominal pressure and medium temperature range must meet the requirements of the test bench.

In addition to the above functions, the test system can also achieve specific functions:

1. Static flow field measurement. The internal flow field of the turbine 12 cascade is measured by conventional contact probes and non-contact lasers, and the vortex structure and the development process of the boundary layer in the cascade are studied.

2. Dynamic flow field measurement. The laser is used to measure the flow details inside the moving blade cascade, and the leakage flow and the interaction of the leakage vortex and channel vortex are studied.

3. Research on CLOCKING effect. The last static blade cascade of the test bench can move axially and circumferentially. By adjusting the axial position and circumferential relative position of the static blade cascade, it is possible to study the wake of the static blade cascade in the downstream moving blade cascade and static blade cascade. propagation process.

4. Research on variable geometry of compressor 3 and turbine 12. The first row of stator cascades of compressor 3 and turbine 12 are equipped with adjustment mechanisms. By adjusting the angles of compressor 3 and turbine 12 stator cascades, the flow field changes of compressor 3 and turbine 12 variable geometry and the leakage vortex of stator blades are studied. The impact on the leakage of the rotor blade tip.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of compressor is comprehensive performance test bed, it is characterized in that: including test compressor, test turbine, electric heater, backheat Device, dual-purpose motor, the first system air intake duct, second system air intake duct, the first blower outlet branch, the second blower outlet branch Road, third blower outlet branch, the first turbine outlet branch, the second turbine outlet branch, exhaust duct test compressor, two It is coaxially connected with motor, test turbine, it tests and first shaft coupling is set between compressor and dual-purpose motor, dual-purpose motor and test Second shaft coupling is set between turbine, first filter, first flowmeter, the first adjusting are set gradually on the first system air intake duct Valve, sets gradually the second filter, second flowmeter, humidifier, the second regulating valve on second system air intake duct, the first system into Connection test compressor air inlet machine mouth after air flue and second system air intake duct are in parallel, compressor gas outlet is respectively communicated with the first compressor Export branch road, the second blower outlet branch, third blower outlet branch, the first blower outlet branch pass through first switch Valve is connected to the cold end air inlet of regenerator, the cold side outlet through regenerator cold end branch connection regenerator, the second blower outlet Branch is separately connected coarse adjustment branch and fine adjustment branch, and coarse adjustment branch road installation coarse adjustment valve, fine adjustment branch road is installed Fine adjustment valve, after coarse adjustment branch, fine adjustment branch and regenerator cold side outlet pipeline be sequentially communicated after converging electric heater, Turbine air-intake, third blower outlet branch are connected to exhaust duct, test turbine gas outlet connection first by second switch valve Turbine outlet branch, the second turbine outlet branch, the first turbine outlet branch are connected to the hot end of regenerator by third switch valve Import, the hot end through regenerator hot end branch connection regenerator export, and are connected to exhaust duct later, the second turbine outlet branch passes through 4th switch valve is connected to exhaust duct.

2. a kind of compressor according to claim 1 is comprehensive performance test bed, it is characterized in that: band at test compressor inlet There is adjustable vane, first stage stator blades are adjustable；Turbine first segment stator blade leaf grating adjustable angle is tested, final stage static cascade is axial and all To all removable.