CN108273328A - A kind of filter drum type precipitator and dust collecting process - Google Patents
A kind of filter drum type precipitator and dust collecting process Download PDFInfo
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- CN108273328A CN108273328A CN201710010282.7A CN201710010282A CN108273328A CN 108273328 A CN108273328 A CN 108273328A CN 201710010282 A CN201710010282 A CN 201710010282A CN 108273328 A CN108273328 A CN 108273328A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000012716 precipitator Substances 0.000 title abstract 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000028571 Occupational disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010035653 pneumoconiosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2411—Filter cartridges
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
- B01D46/71—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter with pressurised gas, e.g. pulsed air
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种滤筒式除尘器，本发明还涉及除尘工艺，属于空气净化领域。The invention relates to a filter cartridge type dust collector, and also relates to a dust removal process, which belongs to the field of air purification.
背景技术Background technique
随着我国工业产业的持续快速发展，生产过程中产生的各类粉尘及悬浮颗粒物成为室内外空气及工厂车间污染的最重要的污染源。高浓度的悬浮性粉尘是致使空气能见度下降的最主要因素，而且某些悬浮性粉尘如若在适宜条件下较易发生化学反应，易燃易爆，严重威胁到人民的生命和生产安全，也是导致尘肺病等职业病的根源。近半个世纪以来，由于人们在诸如交通、能源等方面的需求日益增加，造成的空气污染问题急剧加重。尤其是近年来笼罩全国的以PM2.5为主导因素的雾霾天气，使人们对环境保护愈加重视，对除尘的认知性也普遍提高，而相关职能部门也制定了更为严格的大气污染物排放标准，从而使除尘技术得到了继续发展，拥有广阔的发展前景。With the continuous and rapid development of my country's industrial industry, all kinds of dust and suspended particles generated in the production process have become the most important pollution sources of indoor and outdoor air and factory workshop pollution. High-concentration suspended dust is the most important factor that reduces the visibility of the air, and if some suspended dust is prone to chemical reactions under suitable conditions, it is flammable and explosive, seriously threatening people's lives and production safety, and also causing The source of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis. In the past half a century, due to the increasing demand of people in aspects such as transportation and energy, the problem of air pollution has increased sharply. Especially in recent years, the smog weather with PM2.5 as the dominant factor covering the whole country has made people pay more attention to environmental protection, and their awareness of dust removal has generally improved, and relevant functional departments have also formulated stricter air pollution regulations. Therefore, the dedusting technology has been continuously developed and has broad development prospects.
根据粉尘捕集原理不同，目前常用的除尘设备主要有机械除尘器、电除尘器、过滤除尘器和洗涤除尘器。其中过滤除尘器使含尘气流通过滤料将尘粒分离捕集，分内部过滤和表面过滤两种方式，除尘效率一般为90％～99％。滤筒式除尘器也是一种过滤除尘器，其工作原理主要是含尘气体进入除尘器箱体内气流断面突然扩大，气流中的一部分颗粒粒径较大的粉尘在重力和惯性力的作用下，不经过滤筒直接降落在灰斗内；余下粒度细、密度小的粉尘随气流前往滤筒，在布郎扩散和筛滤等组合效应的影响下，被滤料阻挡在滤筒外，在风机的作用下洁净气体由滤筒内向出风管排出，积尘落入灰斗后转移，从而达到除尘的目的。According to different dust collection principles, the commonly used dust removal equipment mainly includes mechanical dust collectors, electric dust collectors, filter dust collectors and scrubber dust collectors. Among them, the filter dust collector makes the dust-laden air flow pass through the filter material to separate and capture the dust particles. There are two methods: internal filtration and surface filtration. The dust removal efficiency is generally 90% to 99%. The filter cartridge dust collector is also a kind of filter dust collector. Its working principle is that the air flow section suddenly expands when the dust-containing gas enters the dust collector box, and a part of the dust with larger particle sizes in the air flow is under the action of gravity and inertia. It falls directly into the ash hopper without passing through the filter cartridge; the remaining fine-grained and low-density dust goes to the filter cartridge with the airflow, and is blocked by the filter material outside the filter cartridge under the influence of the combined effect of Brownian diffusion and sieving. Under the action of the filter, the clean gas is discharged from the inside of the filter cartridge to the air outlet pipe, and the accumulated dust falls into the ash hopper and then transferred, so as to achieve the purpose of dust removal.
滤筒式除尘器根据滤筒排布方式可分为立式和卧式两种类别，卧式滤筒式除尘器的滤筒布置有水平布置和倾斜布置两种形式。然而，无论何种布置方式，无论上进风还是下进风，均存在滤筒上部表面积灰现象。滤筒上部表面的积灰在清灰后，由于重力的作用，还会沉降在滤筒上侧表面，这样滤筒在实际过滤时上部表面的这部分的过滤作用就很小，增加滤筒式除尘器的阻力，降低除尘效率。Cartridge dust collectors can be divided into vertical and horizontal types according to the arrangement of filter cartridges. The filter cartridges of horizontal cartridge dust collectors are arranged in two forms: horizontal arrangement and inclined arrangement. However, no matter what the arrangement is, no matter whether the wind is coming in from the top or the wind from the bottom, there will be dust accumulation on the upper surface of the filter cartridge. After cleaning the dust on the upper surface of the filter cartridge, due to the effect of gravity, it will also settle on the upper surface of the filter cartridge, so that the filtering effect of this part of the upper surface of the filter cartridge is very small during actual filtration, and the filter cartridge is added. The resistance of the dust collector reduces the dust removal efficiency.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种滤筒式除尘器及除尘工艺，以解决上述问题。The object of the present invention is to provide a cartridge type dust collector and a dust removal process to solve the above problems.
本发明采用了如下技术方案：The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
一种滤筒式除尘器，其特征在于，包括：箱体，箱体内通过花板分隔为过滤室和净气室；滤筒，主体部分设置在所述过滤室中，一端穿过所述花板进入净气室中，此端具有蜗轮齿轮，所述滤筒与所述花板转动密封连接；蜗杆，与所述蜗轮齿轮相啮合，为所述蜗轮齿轮提供转动的动力；清灰机构，与所述滤筒相连通。A filter cartridge type dust collector is characterized in that it includes: a box body, which is divided into a filter chamber and a clean air chamber by a flower plate; a filter cartridge, the main part of which is arranged in the filter chamber, and one end passes through the flower plate The plate enters the clean air chamber, and this end has a worm gear, and the filter cartridge is connected to the flower plate in a rotating and sealed manner; the worm meshes with the worm gear to provide rotational power for the worm gear; the dust cleaning mechanism, communicate with the filter cartridge.
进一步，本发明的滤筒式除尘器，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，所述滤筒包括：金属框架；以及套在所述金属框架外围的褶形滤料。Furthermore, the filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention may also have the following features: wherein, the filter cartridge includes: a metal frame; and a pleated filter material sleeved on the periphery of the metal frame.
进一步，本发明的滤筒式除尘器，还可以具有这样的特征：所述蜗杆的轴线与所述蜗轮齿轮的轴线垂直。Furthermore, the filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention may also have such a feature: the axis of the worm is perpendicular to the axis of the worm gear.
进一步，本发明的滤筒式除尘器，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，所述清灰机构包括：脉冲控制系统以及依次连接的喷吹管、诱导喷嘴以及文氏管。Furthermore, the filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention may also have such a feature: wherein, the dust cleaning mechanism includes: a pulse control system and sequentially connected blowing pipes, induction nozzles and venturi tubes.
进一步，本发明的滤筒式除尘器，还可以具有这样的特征，还具有：手柄，与所述蜗杆固定连接。Furthermore, the filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention may also have such a feature, and further have: a handle fixedly connected with the worm.
进一步，本发明的滤筒式除尘器，还可以具有这样的特征：还具有：灰斗，设置在所述箱体下方，灰斗外壁与水平方向夹角不小于60°，灰斗下部设置有卸灰阀。Further, the filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention can also have the following features: it also has: an ash hopper arranged below the box body, the angle between the outer wall of the ash hopper and the horizontal direction is not less than 60°, and the lower part of the ash hopper is provided with Ash discharge valve.
进一步，本发明的滤筒式除尘器，还可以具有这样的特征：其中，所述过滤室中设置有进风口，所述净气室中具有出风口。Further, the filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention may also have the following feature: wherein, the filter chamber is provided with an air inlet, and the clean air chamber is provided with an air outlet.
进一步，本发明的滤筒式除尘器，还可以具有这样的特征，还具有：气流均布板，设置在所述进风口的下端。Further, the filter cartridge dust collector of the present invention may also have such a feature, and further include: an airflow uniform distribution plate arranged at the lower end of the air inlet.
本发明还提供一种除尘工艺，利用上述任意一项所述的滤筒式除尘器进行除尘，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：The present invention also provides a dust removal process, which uses the filter cartridge dust collector described in any one of the above to perform dust removal, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
除尘步骤：用风机将待除尘的气体从进风口输入到滤筒式除尘器中，经滤筒过滤后，洁净气体从出气口排出；Dust removal step: use a fan to input the gas to be dusted from the air inlet into the filter cartridge dust collector, and after being filtered by the filter cartridge, the clean gas is discharged from the gas outlet;
清灰步骤：当滤筒上的灰尘积聚，导致滤筒式除尘器的除尘效率下降时，进行清灰步骤，具体如下：脉冲控制系统控制脉冲阀的启闭，压缩空气通过喷吹管上的诱导喷嘴喷射出一股高速高压的引射气流，经文氏管形成压力比较均匀的喷吹气流，进入滤筒内使滤筒内出现瞬间正压并产生膨胀和微动，使沉积在滤筒表面的粉尘脱落，进入灰斗中；Dust cleaning step: when the dust accumulation on the filter cartridge causes the dust removal efficiency of the filter cartridge dust collector to drop, the dust removal step is carried out as follows: the pulse control system controls the opening and closing of the pulse valve, and the compressed air passes through the induction on the blowing pipe. The nozzle ejects a high-speed and high-pressure ejection airflow, which forms a jet airflow with relatively uniform pressure through the venturi tube, and enters the filter cartridge to cause instantaneous positive pressure in the filter cartridge and generate expansion and micro-movement, so that the deposits on the surface of the filter cartridge The dust falls off and enters the ash hopper;
转动滤筒的步骤：在对滤筒进行清灰步骤时，周期性的转动蜗杆，带动滤筒转动90～180°。Steps of rotating the filter cartridge: When cleaning the filter cartridge, periodically rotate the worm to drive the filter cartridge to rotate 90-180°.
发明的有益效果Beneficial Effects of the Invention
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种滤筒式除尘器及工艺，滤筒式除尘器的结构合理，通过对现有的滤筒式除尘器中清灰机构进行改进和优化，不仅使得清灰效果得到提升，而且无需加大喷吹气流压力，降低了生产成本；同时，进一步延长了滤筒的使用寿命。另一方面更有利于增强滤筒式除尘器的综合性能和市场竞争力。Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a filter cartridge dust collector and its process. The structure of the filter cartridge dust collector is reasonable. By improving and optimizing the dust cleaning mechanism in the existing filter cartridge dust collector, not only The dust removal effect is improved, and the pressure of the blowing air flow is not increased, which reduces the production cost; at the same time, the service life of the filter cartridge is further extended. On the other hand, it is more conducive to enhancing the comprehensive performance and market competitiveness of the filter cartridge dust collector.
另外，蜗杆传动机构的传动比大，结构紧凑，占比空间小。在改造滤筒式除尘器时不改变箱体体积，对滤筒式除尘器的过滤工艺几乎没有影响。蜗杆传动机构传动平稳，噪声小，蜗杆齿为连续不断的螺纹齿条，逐渐进入啮合和退出啮合。In addition, the transmission ratio of the worm transmission mechanism is large, the structure is compact, and the occupied space is small. When transforming the filter cartridge dust collector, the volume of the box body is not changed, and there is almost no impact on the filtration process of the filter cartridge dust collector. The worm transmission mechanism has stable transmission and low noise, and the worm gear is a continuous threaded rack, which gradually enters and exits engagement.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为滤筒式除尘器的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a filter cartridge dust collector;
图2为蜗杆传动机构的放大图。Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the worm drive mechanism.
图3为蜗杆与滤筒连接的轴测图。Figure 3 is a perspective view of the connection between the worm and the filter cartridge.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图来说明本发明的具体实施方式。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1和图2所示，滤筒式除尘器包括：箱体1、滤筒2、蜗杆传动机构3、清灰机构和灰斗5。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the filter cartridge dust collector includes: a box body 1, a filter cartridge 2, a worm drive mechanism 3, a dust cleaning mechanism and an ash hopper 5.
进风口6开设在箱体1的上部，出风口7开设在箱体1下部。The air inlet 6 is opened at the top of the box body 1 , and the air outlet 7 is opened at the bottom of the box body 1 .
气流均布板8，设置在进风口6的下方。The airflow even distribution plate 8 is arranged below the air inlet 6 .
箱体1内设有花板9，将箱体1内部分为过滤室10和净气室11，出风口7开设在净气室11上。A flower plate 9 is arranged inside the box body 1 , and the inside of the box body 1 is divided into a filter chamber 10 and a clean air chamber 11 , and the air outlet 7 is opened on the clean air chamber 11 .
滤筒2安装在过滤室10中，蜗杆传动机构3和清灰机构安装在净气室11中。如图2和图3所示，蜗杆传动机构3由蜗杆31、螺纹齿条32、蜗轮齿轮33和手柄34组成。The filter cartridge 2 is installed in the filter chamber 10 , and the worm drive mechanism 3 and the dust removal mechanism are installed in the clean air chamber 11 . As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , the worm drive mechanism 3 is composed of a worm 31 , a threaded rack 32 , a worm gear 33 and a handle 34 .
滤筒2的布置方式为卧式布置，由顶盖21、金属框架22、褶形滤料23和底座24四部分组成；滤筒2的金属框架22一端与花板9连接并伸入净气室11，另一端穿过箱体1暴露在滤筒式除尘器外面。The arrangement of the filter cartridge 2 is a horizontal arrangement, consisting of four parts: a top cover 21, a metal frame 22, a pleated filter material 23 and a base 24; one end of the metal frame 22 of the filter cartridge 2 is connected with the flower plate 9 and extends into the clean air chamber 11, and the other end passes through the box body 1 and is exposed to the outside of the filter cartridge dust collector.
滤筒2与花板9之间良好密封且存在相对运动，滤筒2与花板9之间为旋转密封连接。The filter cartridge 2 and the flower plate 9 are well sealed and there is relative movement, and the filter cartridge 2 and the flower plate 9 are connected in a rotary seal.
本实施例中滤筒2的个数为三个，竖直方向依次排布。In this embodiment, there are three filter cartridges 2 arranged in sequence in the vertical direction.
如图2和图3所示，金属框架22伸出花板9的一端刻有或焊接有蜗轮轮齿33，作为蜗杆传动机构3的蜗轮组件。As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 , one end of the metal frame 22 protruding from the flower plate 9 is engraved or welded with worm gear teeth 33 as a worm gear assembly of the worm transmission mechanism 3 .
蜗杆传动机构3，包括蜗杆31和蜗轮齿轮33。通过蜗杆31的螺旋往复运动，同时带动多个滤筒2转动，蜗杆31是刻有螺纹齿条32的细长圆柱杆，其轴线与蜗轮即滤筒2的金属框架22的轴线垂直，蜗杆31一端伸出箱体1，焊接手柄34。The worm transmission mechanism 3 includes a worm 31 and a worm gear 33 . Through the helical reciprocating motion of the worm 31, a plurality of filter cartridges 2 are driven to rotate at the same time. The worm 31 is an elongated cylindrical rod engraved with a threaded rack 32, and its axis is perpendicular to the axis of the metal frame 22 of the worm gear, that is, the filter cartridge 2. One end stretches out casing 1, and welding handle 34.
清灰期间，手柄34转动时，蜗杆31旋转前进或后退，螺纹齿条32与蜗轮齿轮33啮合作用使得滤筒2的金属框架22转动90度，停止手柄34转动。此时滤筒2上表面转动到侧面或下面，使得清灰后又落在滤筒2上表面的积灰随转动降落至过滤室10下部，最终滑落到灰斗5内，达到滤筒2高效清灰的效果。During cleaning, when the handle 34 rotates, the worm screw 31 rotates forward or backward, and the threaded rack 32 meshes with the worm gear 33 to make the metal frame 22 of the filter cartridge 2 rotate 90 degrees, and the handle 34 stops rotating. At this time, the upper surface of the filter cartridge 2 rotates to the side or below, so that the ash accumulated on the upper surface of the filter cartridge 2 falls to the lower part of the filter chamber 10 with the rotation, and finally slides down into the ash hopper 5 to achieve the high efficiency of the filter cartridge 2. Cleaning effect.
清灰机构为脉冲喷吹清灰方式，脉冲喷吹清灰机构主要由脉冲控制系统41、喷吹管42、诱导喷嘴43及文氏管(图中未显示)组成。清灰机构的作用就是逆向的向滤筒2中吹气，将滤筒2中的灰尘吹出。The dust removal mechanism is a pulse jet dust removal method, and the pulse jet dust removal mechanism is mainly composed of a pulse control system 41, an injection pipe 42, an induction nozzle 43 and a venturi tube (not shown in the figure). The function of the cleaning mechanism is to blow air into the filter cartridge 2 in reverse to blow out the dust in the filter cartridge 2.
灰斗5在箱体1下方，灰斗5外壁与水平方向夹角不小于60°，灰斗5下部通过卸灰阀使系统与外界隔离。The ash hopper 5 is below the box body 1, the angle between the outer wall of the ash hopper 5 and the horizontal direction is not less than 60°, and the lower part of the ash hopper 5 isolates the system from the outside world through the ash discharge valve.
使用本实施方式的滤筒式除尘器进行除尘的过程如下：The process of using the filter cartridge dust collector of this embodiment for dust removal is as follows:
除尘步骤：用风机将待除尘的气体从进风口6输入到滤筒式除尘器中，通过气流均布板8的均布作用，经滤筒2过滤后，洁净气体从出气口7排出；Dust removal step: use a fan to input the gas to be dusted from the air inlet 6 into the filter cartridge dust collector, through the uniform distribution of the air flow distribution plate 8, after being filtered by the filter cartridge 2, the clean gas is discharged from the air outlet 7;
清灰步骤：当滤筒上的灰尘积聚，导致滤筒式除尘器的除尘效率下降时，进行清灰步骤，具体如下：脉冲控制系统41控制脉冲阀的启闭，压缩空气通过喷吹管42上的诱导喷嘴43喷射出一股高速高压的引射气流，经文氏管形成压力比较均匀的喷吹气流，进入滤筒2内使滤筒内出现瞬间正压并产生膨胀和微动，使沉积在滤筒2表面的粉尘脱落，进入灰斗5中；Dust cleaning step: When the dust accumulation on the filter cartridge causes the dust removal efficiency of the filter cartridge dust collector to drop, the dust removal step is carried out, as follows: the pulse control system 41 controls the opening and closing of the pulse valve, and the compressed air passes through the blowing pipe 42 The inductive nozzle 43 ejects a high-speed and high-pressure ejection airflow, forms a relatively uniform pressure injection airflow through the venturi tube, and enters the filter cartridge 2 to cause instantaneous positive pressure in the filter cartridge and generate expansion and micro-movement, so that the deposition The dust on the surface of the filter cartridge 2 falls off and enters the ash hopper 5;
转动滤筒的步骤：在对滤筒2进行清灰步骤时，周期性的转动蜗杆，带动滤筒2转动90～180°。The step of rotating the filter cartridge: when cleaning the filter cartridge 2, periodically rotate the worm to drive the filter cartridge 2 to rotate 90-180°.
以上所述的内容仅是本发明的一种实施方式。应当注意，在本方面原理适用范围内，本技术领域的普通技术人员做出的任意改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。The content described above is only one embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that within the applicable scope of the principles of this aspect, any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN109158385A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-08 | 西安长庆科技工程有限责任公司 | A kind of reverse cleaning plant of sandblasting dedusting filter cylinder |
| CN109939502A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-06-28 | 合肥合意环保科技工程有限公司 | A side-plug filter cartridge dust collector with a rotatable filter cartridge |
| CN111482023A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-08-04 | 张家港市彰阳工业过滤器有限公司 | Counter-flow type filter cartridge dust remover |
| CN112206607A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-12 | 江苏人和环保设备有限公司 | Closed self-cleaning filter |
| CN113813715A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-21 | 邢台市天元星食品设备有限公司 | Combined rotary filter cylinder waste gas purification system |
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