CN108271437B - A composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite subsoiling shovel with a soil covering function, which includes a subsoiling shovel handle, a soil covering assembly, a subsoiling shovel tip, a left sticking plate of the shovel handle and a right sticking plate of the shoveling handle; the soil covering assembly and the subsoiling shovel The tips are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle through bolts; the upper end of the soil covering assembly is clamped on the subsoiling shovel handle; the left and right sticking plates of the shovel handle are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle. side, the upper end of the deep loosening shovel tip is stuck between the left and right side plates of the shovel handle. The soil covering assembly is composed of a soil lifting shovel tip, a soil guide support plate, and a soil guide anti-sticking plate. The invention can not only realize deep loosening and break the bottom layer of the plow, but also has the function of covering the soil, so that the straw can be evenly mixed and buried in the soil of the cultivated layer, which is beneficial to raising the ground temperature, accelerating the rot of the straw, reducing the damage of diseases, insect pests and weeds, and at the same time, it can also ensure a certain amount of straw on the ground surface. coverage, reduce wind and water erosion, and achieve the purpose of protecting the soil. Combining mixed burial of straw with deep loosening will promote the development of a protective farming model in which all straw is returned to the field.

Description

A composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and specifically relates to a composite subsoiling shovel with a soil covering function.

Background technique

Subsoiling, as a key technology in conservation tillage, can break the bottom layer of the plow, promote deep root penetration, improve soil quality, and create a good soil environment for crop growth. Subsoiling is the basis for the implementation of conservation tillage and has the following functions: first, it breaks the plow bottom layer, reduces soil bulk density, increases soil porosity, establishes soil reservoirs, absorbs rain and snow, and greatly improves the water storage capacity of the soil; second, Loose the soil, increase soil roughness, increase the infiltration of soil precipitation, prevent ground water accumulation or surface runoff, and reduce water erosion; thirdly, it is beneficial to fertilizing the soil, forming a plow layer structure with coexistence of virtual and solid layers, and storing water in the virtual part. , the real part increases moisture and supplies water, and water, fertilizer, gas, and heat move laterally and horizontally, forming a reverse hydrothermal cycle, which provides good conditions for the survival of microorganisms; fourth, adjust the proportion of the three phases of soil solid phase, liquid phase, and gas phase, Improve the soil structure, ensure the nutrient supply of crops, and achieve the combination of land use and land cultivation.

The core component of the subsoiling machine is the subsoiling shovel. At present, traditional subsoiling shovels loosen the soil without plowing it, and do not change the straw coverage rate on the surface. In areas with low temperatures in winter and spring, the "corn straw mulching no-till planting technology" is adopted, that is, deep loosening operations in autumn and no-till sowing in spring. However, the straw is not easy to rot, affects the increase of ground temperature, makes it difficult to ensure the quality of sowing, and is easy to breed diseases. Cordyceps and weeds and other problems, and because a large amount of straw covers the ground surface, a large amount of pesticides need to be sprayed to solve the problems of pests and diseases, which affects food security and is not conducive to the development of a protective farming model where all straw is returned to the field.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing subsoiling technology, the present invention provides a compound subsoiling shovel with a soil covering function, which can not only subsoil the soil and break the bottom layer of the plow, but also has a soil covering function to evenly mix the straw. Buried in the soil of the cultivated layer will help increase the ground temperature, accelerate straw rot, reduce pests and diseases, and at the same time ensure a certain surface straw coverage, reduce wind and water erosion, and achieve the purpose of protecting the soil. Combining mixed burial of straw with deep loosening will promote the development of a protective farming model in which all straw is returned to the field.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following solutions:

A composite subsoiling shovel with a soil covering function, including a subsoiling shovel handle, a soil covering assembly, a subsoiling shovel tip, a left sticking plate of the shovel handle, and a right sticking plate of the shovel handle; the soil covering combination and the subsoiling shovel tip pass through The bolts are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle; the upper end of the soil covering assembly is clamped on the subsoiling shovel handle; the left and right side plates of the shovel handle are respectively fixed on the subsoiling shovel handle. On the left and right sides of the lower end, the upper end of the deep loosening shovel tip is stuck between the left and right side panels of the shovel handle.

The composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function, wherein the soil covering assembly is composed of a soil lifting shovel tip, a soil guide support plate, and a soil guide anti-sticking plate; the curved surface shape of the soil guide anti-stick plate and the soil guide support plate The shape of the lower curved surface matches the shape of the soil guide anti-sticking plate and the front side of the soil guide support plate, which are attached and fixedly connected to form a soil guide body. The soil guide body is fixed on the subsoiling shovel handle through bolts, and the upper notch of the soil guide support plate is clamped on the subsoiling shovel handle. On the shovel handle; the bottom protrusion of the soil guide body is embedded in the gap at the upper end of the soil lifting shovel tip, so that the soil lifting shovel tip and the front surface of the soil guide anti-adhesion plate are connected to form the front contour curved surface ABCD of the soil covering assembly. The soil covering combination The front contour surface ABCD of the body is a smooth continuous surface.

The composite subsoiling shovel with the function of covering soil, wherein the contour line of the contour surface ABCD of the soil covering assembly is composed of the soil lifting straight line AB segment, the soil guiding curve segment BC and the soil plowing curve segment CD being connected in sequence; The AB section of the soil straight line is tangent to the BC section of the soil conduction curve, and the CD section of the soil turning curve is inscribed with the BC section of the soil conduction curve. The forward direction during work is the positive direction of the X-axis, and the upward direction perpendicular to the ground is the Y-axis. In the positive direction, taking the center O of the circle segment BC of the contour soil conduction curve as the origin, a rectangular coordinate system is established. The contour curve ABCD of the soil-covering assembly satisfies the following equation in the rectangular coordinate system:

Lifting line AB:

Soil conduction curve BC:

x ² +y ² =R ²

Soil turning curve CD:

Among them, α is the soil digging angle of the shovel tip; R is the radius of curvature of the BC section of the soil-guiding curve; k is the abscissa of the center of the arc of the CD section of the soil-turning curve; h is the ordinate of the center of the arc of the CD section of the soil-turning curve.

The composite subsoiling shovel with the function of covering soil, in which the upper side contour curve of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle fits the lower side contour curve of the soil lifting shovel tip, and the lower side contour line of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle is consistent with the subsoiling shovel handle. The contour of the upper end of the shovel tip is folded to fit.

The composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function, in which the blade line of the front surface of the subsoiling shovel tip consists of the No. 1 straight line HI segment, the No. 1 arc curve segment IJ, the No. 2 straight line JK segment, the No. 2 straight line JK segment, and the No. 2 straight line HI segment. The KL segment of the arc curve and the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line are connected in sequence; the IJ segment of the No. 1 arc curve is a transition fillet, which is tangent to the HI segment of the No. 1 straight line and the JK segment of the No. 2 straight line respectively. The No. 2 arc curve KL The section is a transition fillet, which is tangent to the No. 2 straight line JK section and the No. 3 straight line LM section respectively; the forward direction during work is the positive direction of the X-axis, the direction perpendicular to the ground upward is the positive direction of the Y-axis, and the subsoiling The bottom tip of the shovel tip is the origin, and a Cartesian coordinate system is established. The front profile curve HIJKLM of the subsoiling shovel tip 5 satisfies the following equation in the Cartesian coordinate system:

HI section of straight line No. 1:

y＝-xtanβ

No. 2 straight line JK section:

LM section of No. 3 straight line:

Among them, β is the subsoiling shovel tip penetration angle; W ₁ is the radius of curvature of the IJ segment of the No. 1 arc curve; W ₂ is the curvature radius of the KL segment of the No. 2 arc curve; a is the HI segment of the No. 1 straight line and the No. 2 straight line The abscissa of the intersection of the JK segment; b is the abscissa of the intersection of the JK segment of the No. 2 straight line and the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line; c is the ordinate of the intersection of the JK segment of the No. 2 straight line and the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line; d is the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line The ordinate of the intersection point with the coordinate y-axis.

The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following advantages:

First, the combination with the function of covering the soil evenly buries the straw in the soil of the cultivated layer. In areas with low temperatures in winter and spring, it is helpful to increase the ground temperature, accelerate the rot of straw, reduce diseases, insect pests and weeds, and at the same time ensure a certain surface area. Straw coverage reduces wind and water erosion and protects the soil.

Second, the subsoiling shovel tip uses the principle of bionics to design a structure similar to the shape of the arch of the foot, which can meet the depth requirements of subsoiling. The arch-shaped structure improves the stiffness of the shovel tip itself, and the shovel edge line can achieve soil breaking and crushing. The shovel foot's soil penetration angle β and soil penetration angle γ make the subsoiling shovel tip easy to penetrate into the soil and reduce working resistance.

Third, the present invention realizes the function of covering soil while ensuring the depth requirements of deep loosening. It loosens deep soil without plowing it, improves the water storage capacity of the soil, and is beneficial to fertilizing the soil. Combining mixed burial of straw with deep loosening will promote the development of a protective farming model in which all straw is returned to the field.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is an isometric view of a composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function.

Figure 2 is a right view of a compound subsoiling shovel with soil covering function.

Figure 3 is an exploded view of the overall structure of a composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function.

Figure 4 is a three-dimensional view of the soil-covering assembly.

Figure 5 is the contour curve of the front contact surface formed by the connection between the shovel tip and the soil guide support plate.

Figure 6 is a three-dimensional view of the subsoiling shovel tip

Figure 7 is the blade line diagram of the subsoiling shovel tip.

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function realizing the soil covering function.

Explanation of reference symbols:

1-Subsoiling shovel handle; 2-Soil guiding support plate; 3-Soil guiding anti-sticking plate; 4-Soil lifting shovel tip; 5-Subsoiling shovel tip; 6-Shovel handle left plate; 7-Shovel handle right stick plate.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention is introduced in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, a composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function consists of a subsoiling shovel handle 1, a soil guiding support plate 2, a soil guiding anti-sticking plate 3, a soil lifting shovel tip 4, a subsoiling shovel It consists of a tip 5, a left sticking plate 6 of the shovel handle and a right sticking plate 7 of the shovel handle. The left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 of the shovel handle are fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle 1 with two bolts; the lifting shovel tip 4 and the subsoiling shovel tip 5 pass through the same countersunk head square diameter bolt. Installed on the upper and lower sides of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle 1, the lifting shovel tip 4 is fitted on the upper side of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle 1, and the subsoiling shovel tip 5 is fitted on the lower side of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle 1; the subsoiling shovel The upper end of the tip 5 is stuck between the left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 of the shovel handle; the soil guide support plate 2 is a smoothly bent structure, and the curved shape of the soil guide anti-sticking plate 3 is consistent with the lower front surface of the soil guide support plate 2 The shape of the curved surface matches, and the soil-guiding anti-sticking plate 3 is connected to the front side of the soil-guiding support plate 2 through countersunk square-diameter screws; the soil-guiding support plate 2 and soil-guiding anti-sticking plate 3 conduct soil through countersunk square-diameter bolts. Installed on the subsoiling shovel handle 1, the bottom protrusion of the soil guide support plate 2 and the soil guide anti-sticking plate 3 is embedded in the upper gap of the soil lifting shovel tip 4, and the soil lifting shovel tip 4 and the soil guide anti-sticking plate The front surfaces of 3 are connected to form a continuous curved surface; the notch at the upper end of the soil guide support plate 2 is clamped on the subsoiling shovel handle 1.

The described subsoiling shovel handle 1 is the main component of the entire subsoiling shovel. The upper side contour curve of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle 1 fits the lower side contour curve of the soil lifting shovel tip 4. The lower side contour line of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle 1 is folded. It fits the contour fold line of the upper end of the subsoiling shovel tip 5, so that the soil lifting shovel tip 4 and the subsoiling shovel tip 5 are more firmly connected to the upper and lower sides of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle 1.

The earth-moving shovel tip 4, the soil-guiding support plate 2, and the soil-guiding anti-sticking plate 3 form a soil-covering assembly, as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The earth-moving shovel tip 4 and the soil-guiding support plate 2 are both curved structures, and the soil-guiding anti-sticking plate 3 The support plate 2 is a smooth bending structure, the lower part is a curved structure, and the upper part is bent laterally; the curved surface shape of the soil guiding anti-sticking plate 3 matches the curved surface shape of the front surface of the lower part of the soil guiding supporting plate 2, and the soil guiding anti-sticking plate 3 passes The countersunk square diameter screws are connected to the front side of the soil guide support plate 2 to form a soil guide body; the soil guide body is installed on the subsoiling shovel handle 1 through the countersunk head square diameter bolts, and the bottom end of the soil guide body is convex and embedded in the soil In the gap at the upper end of the shovel tip 4, the front surface of the soil lifting shovel tip 4 and the soil guide anti-adhesion plate 3 connect to form a smooth continuous curved surface. This continuous curved surface is the front profile curved surface ABCD of the soil-covering assembly.

The contour line of the contour surface ABCD of the soil-covering assembly is composed of the soil lifting straight line AB segment, the soil guiding curve segment BC and the soil turning curve segment CD. The soil lifting straight line AB segment can realize the soil penetration function, and the value range of the soil penetration angle α is: 30°~45°; the BC section of the soil guide curve can realize the function of soil guidance; the CD section of the soil turning curve can realize the function of turning and throwing soil obliquely. As shown in Figure 8, the specific working process of the soil-covering assembly is as follows: the soil is inserted into the soil on the AB section of the straight line, and a strip of soil is turned up with a soil penetration depth of 200mm; the strip of soil moves upward along the section BC of the soil guide curve; the strip of soil The soil is introduced into the CD section of the soil turning curve, flipped over and thrown out in an oblique throwing motion; after the strips of soil are scattered back to the ground, the BC section of the soil guide curve will break the soil twice, and the straw will be evenly mixed and buried in the soil of the tillage layer.

As shown in Figure 5, with the forward direction during work as the positive direction of the The contour curve ABCD of the soil-covering assembly satisfies the following equation in the Cartesian coordinate system:

Lifting line AB:

Soil conduction curve BC:

x ² +y ² =R ²

Soil turning curve CD:

Among them, the soil penetration angle α of the soil lifting blade tip 4 ranges from 30° to 45°; the curvature radius R of the BC section of the soil guide curve ranges from 280 to 360mm; (k, h) is the circle of the CD section of the soil-turning curve. The coordinates of the center of the arc. In Figure 5, the curvature radius r of the soil turning curve segment CD ranges from 60 to 80 mm.

The contour curve of the soil-covering assembly is characterized by the fact that the soil-lifting straight line AB and the soil-conducting curve BC are tangent, and the soil-moving curve CD is inscribed with the soil-conducting curve BC, forming a smooth and continuous curve, which can avoid unnecessary impact.

The shovel tip 4 has a countersunk square hole; the bottom end of the shovel tip 4 is provided with bevels on the left and right sides to facilitate digging into the soil; the top of the shovel tip 4 is provided with a gap for tightly engaging the guide. The lower side of the soil supporting plate 2 and the soil guiding anti-sticking plate 3 are convex, which limits the rotational freedom of the soil guiding supporting plate 2 and the soil guiding anti-sticking plate 3 and improves the stability of the structure.

There is a countersunk square hole on the lower side of the soil-guiding support plate 2; the notch at the upper end of the soil-guiding supporting plate 2 is engaged with the subsoiling shovel handle 1, which can withstand the impact of the soil during the forward work, and also provides good protection for soil-guiding. The sticky board 3 plays a supporting role.

The soil-conducting anti-sticking plate 3 is made of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene material, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant. Its surface friction coefficient is smaller than that of metal steel. It does not contain clay during the soil-conducting process and is conducive to strip shape. The formation of soil mounds and reduction of energy loss caused by friction.

The soil covering combination can bury the straw in the soil of the tillage layer, but the loosening depth cannot reach the subsoiling depth standard (above 300mm), and the soil at the bottom of the shovel tip 4 will form a hard soil layer, which is not conducive to the deep penetration of the root system. Therefore, a composite subsoiling shovel with a soil covering function of the present invention is equipped with a subsoiling shovel tip 5 at the bottom of the subsoiling shovel handle 1, which can reach the subsoiling depth standard and loosen the soil compacted by the soil lifting shovel tip 4. Realize the combination of mixed straw burial and deep loosening.

As shown in Figure 6, the subsoiling shovel tip 5 is designed with a structure similar to the shape of the arch of a foot. Due to the large specific resistance of the deep soil, the arch structure can improve the stiffness; there is a process slot in the middle to facilitate bolts. Installation; the blade line on the front side of the bottom can achieve the effect of breaking and crushing soil; the penetration angle β of the bottom structure of the shovel tip ranges from 20° to 30°, and the penetration angle γ ranges from 3° to 6° , to achieve subsoiling of relatively hard soil at the bottom, and the subsoiling shovel tip 5 can loosen the soil compacted by the soil lifting shovel tip 4.

The cutting edge line on the front surface of the subsoiling shovel tip 5 is composed of the No. 1 straight line HI segment, the No. 1 arc curve segment IJ, the No. 2 straight line JK segment, the No. 2 arc curve KL segment and the No. 3 straight line LM segment. ; Segment IJ of arc curve No. 1 is a transition fillet, which is tangent to segment HI of straight line No. 1 and segment JK of straight line No. 2 respectively. Segment KL of arc curve No. 2 is a transition fillet, which is tangent to segment JK of straight line No. 2 respectively. It is tangent to the No. 3 straight line LM segment, and the setting of the two arc curves can avoid unnecessary wear and energy loss. Taking the forward direction during work as the positive direction of the The side profile curve HIJKLM satisfies the following equation in the Cartesian coordinate system:

HI section of straight line No. 1:

y＝-xtanβ

No. 2 straight line JK section:

LM section of No. 3 straight line:

Among them, the soil penetration angle β of the subsoiling shovel tip 5 ranges from 20° to 30°; the curvature radius W ₁ of the IJ section of the No. 1 arc curve ranges from 18 to 25mm; the curvature radius of the KL section of the No. 2 arc curve The value range of W ₂ is 24~40mm.

(a, -atanβ) is the intersection point of the HI segment of the No. 1 straight line and the JK segment of the No. 2 straight line; (b, c) is the intersection point of the JK segment of the No. 2 straight line and the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line; (0, d) is the intersection point of the No. 3 straight line The intersection of the LM segment and the coordinate y-axis.

The front profile curve of the subsoiling shovel tip 5 has the following characteristics: first, it adopts an arc-shaped structure to increase the rigidity of the shovel tip and prevent deformation due to excessive stress; second, the blade-shaped curve is easier to break the soil, has a sliding cutting effect, and reduces tillage resistance; third, the arc transition of the blade line reduces stress concentration.

The specific dimensional parameters of each component of the composite subsoiling shovel with soil covering function of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The height of the subsoiling shovel handle 1 is 780mm and the thickness is 25mm; the thickness of the left and right panels of the shovel handle is 10mm.

Under the condition of ensuring the connection strength, the length of the two bolts for installing the left side plate 6 and the right side plate 7 of the shovel handle cannot exceed the width of the shovel tip 4 to prevent unnecessary energy caused by redundant structures during work. loss.

The width of the shovel tip 4 is 80mm, the thickness is 14mm, and the height range is 180-220mm; the height of the straight section of the shovel tip 4 must be greater than two-fifths of the overall height of the shovel tip 4, which is conducive to digging into the soil. Reduce working resistance; the range of the soil penetration angle of the lifting blade tip 4 is 30° ~ 45°; the length of the straight section of the lower end of the lower end of the lifting blade tip 4 shall not be less than 24mm to ensure the stiffness of the front end when entering the soil; the lifting blade tip 4 4. The height of the notch at the upper end shall not be less than 30mm to ensure the tightness and reliability of the connection.

The width of the soil guide support plate 2 gradually increases from the bottom to the top, and the bottom protrusion fits the notch of the soil lifting shovel tip 4. The width of the bottom end of all soil guide support plates 2 is 80mm. In order to ensure the soil Effective contact area and material saving, the width of the upper end of the soil guide support plate 2 ranges from 80 to 160mm; in order to ensure the stiffness of the soil guide support plate 2, the thickness of the soil guide support plate 2 ranges from 5 to 8mm; in order to achieve For the earth-covering function, the height of the soil-guiding support plate 2 ranges from 200 to 450mm, and the height of the upper curve profile shall not be less than one-third of the overall contour curve height of the soil-guiding support plate 2; the gap at the upper end of the soil-guiding support plate 2 is In order to be stuck on the subsoiling shovel handle 1, the notch width is 14mm, and the notch length ranges from 40 to 70mm, ensuring the stability of the connection.

The rear contact surface of the soil guide anti-sticking plate 3 is directly attached to the front contact surface of the soil guide support plate 2. The thickness of the soil guide anti-stick plate 3 shall not be less than 4mm, and the sum of the thicknesses of the soil guide anti-stick plate 3 and the soil guide support plate 2 must be equal to 14mm to avoid There is a height difference between the surface of the soil-guiding anti-sticking plate 3 and the surface of the soil-guiding shovel tip 4; the height of the soil-guiding anti-sticking plate 3 ranges from 180 to 400mm, depending on the actual height of the soil-guiding support plate 2.

The value range of the soil penetration angle β of the subsoiling shovel tip 5 is 20° to 30°, and the value range of the penetration angle γ is 3° to 6°; the thickness of the upper end of the subsoiling shovel tip 5 is 25mm, ensuring that it can be stuck in the subsoiling Between the left and right boards of the shovel handle 1; the height of the lower arcuate structure ranges from 20 to 30mm, the length of the bottom ranges from 150 to 200mm, and the width ranges from 30 to 40mm; The broken line section at the lower end of the loosing handle 1 is consistent to ensure that the two contact surfaces fit together; there is a process slot in the middle part to facilitate the installation of the nut and ensure space for the wrench.

Ensure that the soil loosening depth of shovel tip 4 is 150~220mm, and that of subsoiling shovel tip 5 is 300~360mm.

The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any dimensional changes or structural changes that can be easily imagined based on the technical solution of the present invention should be covered by the present invention. within the scope of protection. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (2)

1. A composite subsoiling shovel with a soil covering function, which is characterized in that it includes a subsoiling shovel handle (1), a soil covering assembly, a subsoiling shovel tip (5), a left sticking plate of the shovel handle (6), and a shovel handle. Right side plate (7); the soil covering assembly and the subsoiling shovel tip (5) are respectively fixed on the upper and lower sides of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle (1) through bolts; the upper end of the soil covering assembly is clamped on the subsoiling shovel On the handle (1); the left side plate (6) and the right side plate (7) of the shovel handle are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the lower end of the subsoil shovel handle (1), and the upper end of the subsoil shovel tip (5) is stuck on Between the left plate (6) and the right plate (7) of the shovel handle; The soil-covering assembly is composed of a soil-raising shovel tip (4), a soil-guiding support plate (2), and a soil-guiding anti-sticking plate (3); the curved surface shape of the soil-guiding anti-sticking plate (3) and the soil-guiding supporting plate (2) The shape of the lower curved surface matches the shape of the soil guide anti-sticking plate (3) and the front side of the soil guide support plate (2), which are attached and fixedly connected to form a soil guide body. The soil guide body is fixed on the subsoiling shovel handle (1) through bolts. The upper notch of the soil support plate (2) is connected to the subsoiling shovel handle (1); the bottom protrusion of the soil guide body is embedded in the upper notch of the soil lifting shovel tip (4), so that the soil lifting shovel tip (4) and the guide The front surfaces of the soil anti-sticking plates (3) are connected to form the front contour curved surface ABCD of the soil-covering assembly, and the front-side contour curved surface ABCD of the soil-covering assembly is a smooth continuous curved surface; the contour line of the contour curved surface ABCD of the soil-covering assembly is It is composed of the straight line AB, the soil guide curve section BC and the soil turning curve section CD which are connected in sequence; the soil lifting straight line AB section is tangent to the soil guide curve section BC, and the soil turning curve section CD is inscribed in the soil guide curve BC section. , taking the forward direction during work as the positive direction of the ABCD satisfies the following equation in the Cartesian coordinate system: Lifting line AB: Soil conduction curve BC: x ² +y ² =R ² Soil turning curve CD: Among them, α is the soil digging angle of the shovel tip; R is the radius of curvature of the BC section of the soil-guiding curve; k is the abscissa of the center of the arc of the CD section of the soil-turning curve; h is the ordinate of the center of the arc of the CD section of the soil-turning curve; The upper side contour curve of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle (1) fits the lower side contour curve of the soil lifting shovel tip (4), and the lower side contour line of the lower end of the subsoiling shovel handle (1) and the upper end of the subsoiling shovel tip (5) Contoured crease fit. 2. A compound subsoiling shovel with a soil covering function as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the blade line on the front surface of the subsoiling shovel tip (5) consists of a No. 1 straight line HI segment and a No. 1 circle. The arc curve IJ segment, the No. 2 straight line JK segment, the No. 2 arc curve KL segment and the No. 3 straight line LM segment are connected in sequence; the No. 1 arc curve segment IJ is a transition fillet, which is connected with the No. 1 straight line HI segment and the No. 2 straight line LM segment respectively. The JK section of straight line No. 2 is tangent, and the KL section of arc curve No. 2 is a transition fillet, which is tangent to the JK section of straight line No. 2 and the LM section of straight line No. 3 respectively; the forward direction during work is the positive direction of the X-axis, and the vertical direction is The upward direction on the ground is the positive direction of the Y-axis. Taking the bottom tip of the subsoiling shovel tip (5) as the origin, a rectangular coordinate system is established. The front profile curve HIJKLM of the subsoiling shovel tip (5) satisfies the following equation in the rectangular coordinate system. : HI section of straight line No. 1: y＝-xtanβ No. 2 straight line JK section: LM section of No. 3 straight line: Among them, β is the subsoiling shovel tip penetration angle; W ₁ is the radius of curvature of the IJ segment of the No. 1 arc curve; W ₂ is the curvature radius of the KL segment of the No. 2 arc curve; a is the HI segment of the No. 1 straight line and the No. 2 straight line The abscissa of the intersection of the JK segment; b is the abscissa of the intersection of the JK segment of the No. 2 straight line and the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line; c is the ordinate of the intersection of the JK segment of the No. 2 straight line and the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line; d is the LM segment of the No. 3 straight line The ordinate of the intersection point with the coordinate y-axis.