CN108222216B - Rainwater ecological drainage system and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A rainwater ecological drainage system and a construction method thereof belong to the field of municipal construction, a plurality of underground water seepage wells are arranged in the water seepage ground, underdrain and a plurality of horizontally paved pipes are sequentially arranged from high to low on the bottom surface of the plurality of water seepage wells, the horizontally paved pipes are inlaid at the bottom of a concrete cushion layer arranged in a building foundation, a crushed stone rammed soil layer or a water seepage pipe vertically arranged on the rammed soil layer is arranged below the horizontally paved pipes, rainwater can flow into the building bottom from the water seepage wells to infiltrate into the ground, and the underground rainwater seepage structure and the ground rainwater structure form a complete rainwater ecological drainage system, so that the rainwater drainage capacity can be improved, urban waterlogging formed by rainwater can be reduced, a convenient environment is provided for resident traveling, the loss caused by the rainwater waterlogging can be reduced, and the natural disaster capacity caused by the urban response to the natural environment can be improved.

Description

A rainwater ecological drainage system and its construction method

Technical field

The invention relates to a rainwater drainage system and a construction method thereof, in particular to a rainwater ecological drainage system and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the field of municipal construction.

Background technique

With the development of industrialization and urbanization, carbon emissions have increased, the ozone layer has been destroyed, the earth's surface temperature has increased, and rainwater has increased. Urban waterlogging often occurs due to poor drainage, affecting urban transportation and bringing benefits to the people. Life and production have had an impact, causing great pollution to the living environment, and even costing property and lives.

In recent years, with the occurrence of environmental pollution and natural and man-made disasters, people have been constantly reflecting on and attaching importance to protecting the environment, maintaining ecological balance, and building environment-friendly cities.

As for the ground drainage system, a planted roof is set up on the roof, a grass ditch is set up in the green space to facilitate the circulation of rainwater, a permeable pavement is set up on the road, and a first-level sunken green space is set up in front of and behind the house. Set up a secondary sunken green space with a lower elevation on the road and parking lot far behind the house, connect the first-level sunken green space and the second-level sunken green space, and set up a secret channel for rainwater flow when encountering the road; Set up rain gardens or ponds below the sunken green space around the square area to collect rainwater gardens or ponds in the sunken green space, parking lots, and squares. In residential areas without rainwater drainage systems, set the ponds with the drainage outlets of the residential areas. Connectivity; set up an overflow outlet around the pond to connect the overflow outlet with the urban rainwater pipe network.

Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the seepage ground structure around the building. This is a representative water-permeable ground structure, which gradually decreases from the ground around the building to the surroundings. Specifically, it includes first-level green space 21, water-permeable paved road 22, connecting channel or gravel connecting channel 123, second-level concave green space 24, Parking lot or square 25, connecting channel or gravel connecting channel 226, third-level sunken green space 27.

Rainwater will flow from the roof to the surroundings of the building 10, from the first-level concave green space 21 in front of and behind the house to the third-level concave green space 27 in the distance and flow to the distant parking lot 25 or square through a permeable paved road 22. In the three-level concave green space 27, there are gravel connecting channels 23 and 26 under the permeable paved roads 22 and parking lots 25 or squares respectively to connect multiple green spaces, so that rainwater can flow from high altitudes. The flow flows to the lowlands, and some squares are equipped with ponds 28 that are lower than the sunken green space to collect rainwater.

The rainwater ecological planning on the ground is gradually improving. However, there is no complete underground rainwater infiltration system, such as surface water, secondary sunken green spaces, and water in ponds. The rainwater that cannot be penetrated is simply discharged into the river. For a long time, This will cause surface drought, insufficient water, and groundwater sinking or drying up, affecting planting, forming a vicious cycle, and leading to serious ecological imbalances, especially in cities where buildings are gradually increasing. There is no rainwater seepage under the buildings, and the underground soil contains As the amount of water decreases, how to use the base of buildings to infiltrate rainwater, increase groundwater moisture, and form a rainwater ecological drainage system has become a major issue faced by urban construction settings.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problem of insufficient utilization of the underground water seepage area of buildings, the present invention provides a rainwater ecological drainage system and its construction method. Its purpose is to organically combine the currently developed ground rainwater drainage systems and integrate the existing ground rainwater drainage systems. Extend to the underground, and make full use of the dryness of the underground soil layer of the building to form a complete cyclic rainwater ecosystem with the ground to solve the urban waterlogging problem, maintain the balance of rainwater ecology, alleviate groundwater tension, and reduce damage to people's lives and property. , improve the quality of human living environment.

The technical solution of the present invention is: a rainwater ecological drainage system, including a permeable ground structure that gradually lowers from the ground around the building to the surroundings, a building foundation and a concrete cushion provided on the foundation. The permeable ground structure includes multiple layers around the building. Level green space, the seepage ground is provided with multiple seepage wells leading to the ground. From the bottom of the multiple seepage wells, there are culverts, culverts, and multiple horizontally laid pipes inlaid with them from high to low. At the bottom of the concrete cushion set up on the foundation of the building, underneath the multiple horizontally laid pipes is a gravel rammed earth layer or a seepage pipe set vertically in the rammed earth layer. Rainwater will flow from the seepage well into the bottom of the building and seep into the ground;

Further, the seepage wells, culverts and culverts are filled with gravel bags or sandbags;

Further, the plurality of horizontally laid pipes are multiple horizontal pipes with small holes or gaps;

Further, a casing is arranged around the seepage well, and an air outlet pipe is vertically arranged in the casing. The casing is higher than the surrounding ground, and a top cover is provided at the top of the casing, and the top cover is a grate structure;

Further, the casing is a concrete pipe, a plastic pipe, a ceramic pipe or a stainless steel pipe. The upper end of the casing is higher than the ground, the lower end is inserted into the ground, and the upper end of the casing is provided with a top cover;

Further, the air outlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the seepage well, with the upper end being at the same height as the casing, and the lower end extending to the underdrain;

Furthermore, the connection between multiple horizontally laid pipes and the underground ditch, and the multiple horizontally laid pipes and the bottom surface of the underground ditch are at the same height.

Furthermore, the plurality of horizontal pipes can be arranged in any direction, with both ends extending toward the trench. The vertical seepage pipes installed in the rammed soil layer have a pointed lower end and multiple pores on the pipe wall.

A construction method of a rainwater ecological drainage system includes the above-mentioned rainwater ecological drainage system. The construction method of the rainwater ecological drainage system is constructed according to the following steps:

1) Excavate the foundation pit of the building, lay gravel on the surface of the foundation pit or drive the seepage pipe, tamp the gravel into the soil or tamp the foundation of the seepage pipe;

2) Set up underground trenches around the building foundation;

3) Lay multiple pipes with small holes or gaps horizontally on the soil layer filled with gravel or on the foundation soil layer with seepage pipes driven in, and make the holes or gaps face the gravel rammed soil layer or The top port of the seepage pipe, the two ends of multiple pipes extend to the underground ditch, and the underground ditch is filled with gravel bags or sandbags;

4) Pour a concrete cushion on the multiple pipes laid on the foundation so that the multiple pipes are embedded at the bottom of the concrete cushion. After the underground part of the building is completed, backfill the soil above the underground ditch and tamp the backfill soil;

5) Excavate the culvert connected to the culvert so that the other end of the culvert is higher than the end connected to the culvert, and set gravel bags or sandbags in the culvert. The gravel bags or sandbags are backfilled with soil and compacted;

6) The other end of the culvert extends to the seepage ground or square. Dig a seepage well into the culvert from the seepage ground or square. Set up a vertical air outlet pipe in the seepage well. Set gravel, gravel bags or sandbags around the air outlet pipe, and set up around the seepage well. Protect the casing so that the upper end of the casing is higher than the ground or the same height as the surface of the square, and a grate-shaped top cover is fixed on the casing.

Further, after the rainwater in the seepage ground overflows the height of the casing, it flows from the grate into the seepage well. It flows into the gravel rammed soil or seepage pipe along the bottom of the seepage well, culvert, culvert and multiple water pipes laid horizontally, and penetrates into the underground of the building. .

The positive effect of the invention is: by arranging a plurality of seepage wells leading to the underground in the seepage ground, the rainwater collected in the multi-level green space around the building can flow into the ground, reducing the number of water leakage on the ground, roads, front and back of the house. Rainwater flooding in other places can reduce or eliminate urban waterlogging caused by rainwater, and eliminate the inconvenience and losses caused by waterlogging; by setting up culverts, culverts, and multiple horizontal roots underground from the bottom of multiple seepage wells from high to low. The laid pipes can ensure that the rainwater flowing into the ground can flow smoothly, forming an underground rainwater drainage system, which can relieve the pressure of ground rainwater drainage; by embedding multiple horizontally laid pipes at the bottom of the concrete cushion in the building foundation, it can Under the premise of not affecting the foundation of the building, the underground dry soil layer can absorb the above-ground rainwater, which can alleviate the problems of over-development of groundwater, serious low groundwater and tendency to depletion; by setting up a gravel rammed soil layer in the building foundation, it is beneficial to When rainwater flows out from multiple horizontally laid pipes with small holes or gaps and penetrates into the ground, it can reduce the disturbance of the underground soil caused by the flow of rainwater, or it is beneficial to set up vertical seepage pipes in the foundation of the building. When rainwater flows into the ground along the erected seepage pipes, it reduces the disturbance of the underground soil caused by the flow of rainwater; by filling the seepage wells, culverts, and culverts with gravel bags or sandbags, it can not only prevent empty seepage wells, culverts, and culverts Causes the collapse of the ground, and is conducive to the flow or penetration of rainwater, and can form a solid underground rainwater channel; a casing is provided around the seepage well, and an air outlet pipe is vertically installed in the casing, and the casing is higher than its periphery In the green space, there is a top cover at the top of the casing. The top cover is a grate structure. On the one hand, it can ensure that rainwater accumulates a certain amount of water on the green space, which is conducive to the use of rainwater infiltration under the green ground. On the other hand, on the other hand, the amount of rainwater higher than the casing can be transferred It flows into the ground through the casing, and at the same time, by setting up an air outlet pipe, it is conducive to the outward discharge of underground gas and the smooth flow of water. By setting up this underground rainwater infiltration structure, it forms a complete rainwater ecological drainage system with the above-ground rainwater drainage system, which can improve the drainage capacity of rainwater, reduce urban waterlogging caused by rainwater, provide a convenient environment for residents to travel, and reduce the risk of urban flooding caused by rainwater. Losses caused by rainwater and waterlogging will improve the city's ability to cope with natural disasters caused by the natural environment.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the underground rainwater ecological drainage system in the gravel rammed soil layer.

Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the seepage pipe underground rainwater ecological drainage system.

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the connection and structure of the seepage well and the culvert.

Figure 4 One of the laying methods of multiple horizontally laid pipes.

Figure 5 The second method of laying multiple horizontally laid pipes.

Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of an underground rainwater ecological drainage system.

Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the plane distribution of the above-ground rainwater ecological drainage system.

Label description: 10-building, 11-gravel rammed soil layer, 11a-rammed soil layer, 12-concrete cushion, 13-pipe, 14-underground ditch, 15-underground ditch, 16-seepage well, 17-casing, 18-Air outlet pipe, 19-Underground, 19a-Foundation pit, 20-Seepage pipe, 21-First-level concave green space, 22-Seepage paved road, 23-Connecting channel or gravel connecting channel 1, 24-Second-level concave Type green space, 25-parking lot or square, 26-connecting canal or gravel connecting canal II, 27-third-level concave green space, 28-pond.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical solution of the present invention is a rainwater ecological drainage system. Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an underground rainwater ecological drainage system in a gravel rammed soil layer. Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the seepage pipe underground rainwater ecological drainage system.

The rainwater ecological drainage system includes a permeable ground structure that gradually lowers from the ground around the building 10 to the surroundings, the foundation of the building 10 and the concrete cushion 12 provided in the foundation. The permeable ground structure includes a first-level sunken green space in front of the house and behind the house. Secondary concave green space, the seepage ground is provided with multiple seepage wells 16 leading to the ground. From the bottom of the multiple seepage wells 16, there are culverts 15, culverts 14, and multiple horizontally laid pipes from high to low. 13. A plurality of horizontally laid pipes 13 are embedded at the bottom of the concrete cushion 12 provided in the foundation of the building 10. Below the plurality of horizontally laid pipes 13 is a gravel rammed soil layer 11 or a seepage pipe vertically installed in the rammed soil layer 11a. 20. Rainwater will flow from the seepage well 16 to the bottom of the building 10 and seep into the ground 19;

The seepage well 16, culvert 15, and culvert 14 are filled with gravel bags or sandbags.

The gravel rammed soil layer 11 is made by laying gravel on the foundation and then pressing the gravel into the soil. The gravel rammed soil layer 11 can penetrate the rainwater above into the ground 19 .

The water seepage pipe 20 is driven into the foundation pit 19a sequentially at a certain distance. In order to facilitate driving into the foundation, the lower end has an acute-angle structure.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection and structure of the seepage well and the culvert. The seepage well 16 is surrounded by a casing 17, and an air outlet pipe 18 is vertically arranged in the casing 17. The casing 17 is higher than the surrounding ground, and a top cover is provided at the top of the casing 17. The top cover is a grate structure, and the grate structure is not only Water can flow into the seepage well 16 and weeds can be filtered to prevent clogging of the seepage well 16 made of gravel.

The casing 17 is a concrete pipe, a plastic pipe, a ceramic pipe or a stainless steel pipe. The upper end of the casing 17 is higher than the ground, and the lower end is inserted into the ground. The upper end of the casing 17 is provided with a top cover;

Furthermore, the air outlet pipe 18 is arranged in the middle of the seepage well 16. The upper end is at the same height as the casing 17, and the lower end extends to the underdrain 15. The air outlet pipe 18 can discharge underground gas, which is conducive to the smooth inflow of rainwater.

Figure 4 shows the first method of laying multiple horizontally laid pipes, and Figure 5 shows the second method of laying multiple horizontally laid pipes.

The plurality of horizontally laid pipes 13 are a plurality of horizontal pipes 13 with small holes or gaps. After the gravel rammed soil layer 11 is laid horizontally, concrete is poured on it so that a plurality of horizontal pipes 13 are embedded below the concrete cushion. In order to facilitate the outflow of rainwater in the middle of the pipes, holes need to be drilled in the middle of the pipes. Or start a gap, the protective pipe can be extended downward to the culvert, or it can be set at any height above the height of the seepage well, with the principle of reliability.

At the connection point between the multiple horizontally laid pipes 13 and the underground ditch 14, the multiple horizontal pipes 13 and the bottom surface of the underground ditch 14 are at the same height.

The plurality of horizontally laid pipes 13 can be installed in any direction, with both ends extending toward the trench. The seepage pipes vertically installed in the rammed soil layer have a pointed lower end and multiple pores on the pipe wall. Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the underground rainwater ecological drainage system. Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the underground rainwater ecological drainage system.

The length direction of the plurality of horizontally laid pipes 13 is parallel to the side length of the building 10 or has a certain angle with the length of the adjacent side of the building 10 .

A construction method of a rainwater ecological drainage system includes the above-mentioned rainwater ecological drainage system. The construction method of the rainwater ecological drainage system is constructed according to the following steps:

1) Excavate the foundation pit 19a of the building 10, lay gravel on the surface of the foundation pit 19a or drive the seepage pipe 20, tamp the gravel into the soil or tamp the foundation of the seepage pipe 20;

2) Set up underground ditches 14 around the foundation of the building 10;

3) Lay multiple pipes 13 with small holes or gaps horizontally on the soil layer where the gravel is rammed or on the foundation soil layer where the seepage pipe 20 is driven, and make the holes or gaps face the top of the seepage pipe 20 Port, both ends of the plurality of pipes 13 extend to the underground ditch 14, and the underground ditch 14 is filled with gravel bags or sandbags;

4) Pour the concrete cushion 12 on the multiple pipes 13 laid on the foundation, so that the multiple pipes 13 are embedded at the bottom of the concrete cushion 12. After the underground part of the building is completed, backfill the soil above the underground trench 14, and The backfill soil is compacted;

5) Then excavate the culvert 15 connected to the culvert 14, so that the other end of the culvert 15 is higher than the end connected to the culvert 14, and set gravel bags or sandbags in the culvert 15, and add backfill soil on the gravel bags or sandbags. and tamp down;

6) Dig a seepage well on the seepage ground or square to the culvert 15, set a vertical air outlet pipe 18 in the seepage well 16, set gravel or gravel bags or sandbags around the outlet pipe 18, and set a casing 17 around the seepage well 16. Make the upper end of the casing 17 higher than the green surface or the same height as the surface of the square, and fix the grate-shaped top cover on the casing 17.

Further, after the rainwater in the seepage ground overflows the height of the casing 17, it flows from the grate into the seepage well 16, and flows into the gravel rammed earth or the seepage pipe along the bottom of the seepage well 16, the underdrain 15, the underdrain 14 and the multiple water pipes laid horizontally. 20. Infiltration of buildings 10 underground 19.

The ground water seepage green space described here includes the first-level concave green space 21, the second-level concave green space 24, the third-level concave green space 27 and the pond 28.

By arranging a plurality of seepage wells 16 leading to the underground in the seepage ground, the present invention can flow the rainwater collected in the multi-level green spaces around the building 10 into the underground 19, thereby reducing the water leakage on the ground, roads, front and back of the house, etc. Rainwater overflows, reducing or eliminating urban waterlogging caused by rainwater, and eliminating inconvenience and losses caused by waterlogging; by setting underground ditches 15, underground ditches 14, and multiple seepage wells 16 from the bottom of the ground 19 from high to low. The horizontally laid pipes 13 can ensure that the rainwater flowing into the ground 19 can flow smoothly, forming an underground rainwater drainage system, which can alleviate the discharge pressure of the ground rainwater ecosystem; by embedding multiple horizontally laid pipes 13 in the foundation of the building 10 The bottom of the medium concrete cushion 12 can absorb above-ground rainwater in the dry underground soil layer without affecting the foundation of the building 10, which can alleviate the problems of over-development of underground 19 water, serious low ground water and tendency to dry up; through The gravel rammed soil layer 11 is provided in the foundation of the building 10, which is conducive to the rainwater flowing out from the multiple horizontal pipes 13 with small holes or gaps and permeating into the ground 19, or flowing into the ground 19 along the vertical seepage pipes 20. ; By arranging the vertical seepage pipe 20 in the building foundation, it is conducive to reducing the underground soil disturbance caused by the rainwater flow when the rainwater flows into the ground along the vertical seepage pipe 20; Filled with gravel bags or sandbags, it can not only prevent the collapse of the ground caused by empty seepage wells 16, culverts 15, and culverts 14, but also facilitate the flow or penetration of rainwater and form a solid underground 19 rainwater channel; There is a casing 17 arranged around the seepage well 16, and an air outlet pipe 18 is vertically arranged in the casing 17. The casing 17 is higher than the surrounding ground, and a top cover is provided at the top of the casing 17. The top cover is a grate structure, which can ensure The amount of rainwater stored on the ground. In addition, on the one hand, the amount of rainwater higher than the casing 17 can flow into the underground 19 through the casing 17. At the same time, by setting the air outlet pipe 18, it is conducive to the outward discharge of underground 19 gas. Due to the flow of water Flow comfortably. By setting up this underground rainwater infiltration structure, a complete rainwater ecological drainage system is formed with the above-ground rainwater structure, which can improve the drainage capacity of rainwater, reduce urban waterlogging caused by rainwater, provide a convenient environment for residents to travel, and reduce the risk of rainwater losses caused by waterlogging and improve the city's ability to cope with natural disasters caused by the natural environment.

Claims (10)

1. A rainwater ecological drainage system, including a permeable ground structure that gradually lowers from the ground around the building, a building foundation and a concrete cushion set on the foundation. The permeable ground structure includes a multi-level green space around the building, and its characteristics The problem lies in: the seepage ground is provided with a plurality of seepage wells leading to the ground. From the bottom of the multiple seepage wells, there are culverts, culverts, and a plurality of horizontally laid pipes from high to low. The plurality of horizontally laid pipes are embedded in the At the bottom of the concrete cushion set up on the building foundation, there is a gravel rammed earth layer below multiple horizontal pipes or a seepage pipe vertically set in the rammed earth layer. Rainwater will flow from the seepage well into the bottom of the building and seep into the ground. 2. A rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the seepage wells, culverts and culverts are filled with gravel bags or sandbags. 3. A rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of horizontally laid pipes are multiple horizontal pipes with small holes or gaps. 4. A rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a casing is arranged around the seepage well, and an air outlet pipe is vertically arranged inside the casing, and the casing is higher than the surrounding ground. A top cover is provided at the top, and the top cover has a grate structure. 5. A rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: the casing is a concrete pipe, a plastic pipe, a ceramic pipe or a stainless steel pipe, the upper end of the casing is higher than the ground, and the lower end is inserted into the ground to protect the rainwater. The upper end surface of the barrel is provided with a top cover. 6. A rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 4, characterized in that the air outlet pipe is arranged in the middle of the seepage well, the upper end is consistent with the height of the casing, and the lower end extends to the culvert. 7. A rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a plurality of horizontally laid pipes are connected to the underground ditch, and the plurality of horizontally laid pipes and the bottom surface of the underground ditch are at the same height. 8. A rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plurality of horizontally laid pipes are arranged in any direction, with both ends extending toward the ditch, and the vertical pipes are arranged on the rammed earth layer. The seepage pipe has a pointed lower end and multiple pores on the pipe wall. 9. A construction method of a rainwater ecological drainage system, including the rainwater ecological drainage system of any one of the above claims 1-8, characterized in that: the construction method of the rainwater ecological drainage system is constructed according to the following steps: 1) Excavate the foundation pit of the building, lay gravel on the surface of the foundation pit or drive the seepage pipe, tamp the gravel into the soil or tamp the foundation of the seepage pipe; 2) Set up underground trenches around the building foundation; 3) Lay multiple pipes with small holes or gaps horizontally on the soil layer filled with gravel or on the foundation soil layer with seepage pipes driven in, and make the holes or gaps face the gravel rammed soil layer or The top port of the seepage pipe, the two ends of multiple pipes extend to the underground ditch, and the underground ditch is filled with gravel bags or sandbags; 4) Pour a concrete cushion on the multiple pipes laid on the foundation so that the multiple pipes are embedded at the bottom of the concrete cushion. After the underground part of the building is completed, backfill the soil above the underground ditch and tamp the backfill soil; 5) Excavate the culvert connected to the culvert so that the other end of the culvert is higher than the end connected to the culvert, and set gravel bags or sandbags in the culvert. The gravel bags or sandbags are backfilled with soil and compacted; 6) The other end of the culvert extends to the seepage ground or square. Dig a seepage well into the culvert from the seepage ground or square. Set up a vertical air outlet pipe in the seepage well. Set gravel, gravel bags or sandbags around the air outlet pipe, and set up around the seepage well. Protect the casing so that the upper end of the casing is higher than the ground or the same height as the surface of the square, and a grate-shaped top cover is fixed on the casing. 10. The construction method of a rainwater ecological drainage system according to claim 9, characterized in that: after the rainwater in the seepage ground overflows the height of the casing, it flows from the grate into the seepage well, along the bottom surface of the seepage well, culvert, and culvert. And multiple water pipes laid horizontally flow into the gravel and rammed into the soil or seepage pipes, and seep into the underground of the building.