CN108204848A - A kind of water level and run-off Data collection and precessing system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a water level and runoff data acquisition and processing system and method. The system includes a water level and runoff data acquisition terminal and a data center, and a wireless communication link is used between the water level and runoff data acquisition terminal and the data center. Road; the water level data acquisition terminal includes a radar water level sensor and an ultrasonic Doppler velocity sensor, a control circuit, a data acquisition circuit, a current conversion circuit, a GPS module and a GPRS wireless communication module, and the control circuit is respectively connected with the data acquisition circuit, the current The conversion circuit and the GPRS wireless communication module are connected, the current conversion circuit is connected with the radar water level sensor, the data acquisition circuit is connected with the ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity sensor and the GPS module, the current conversion circuit, the data acquisition circuit, and the GPRS wireless communication Modules are connected sequentially. The invention has the advantages of simple operation, convenient use, low cost and good benefit.

Description

A water level and runoff data acquisition and processing system and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy engineering, and relates to a water level and runoff data collection and processing system and method.

Background technique

Hydrological change under the background of global climate change has become a research hotspot. The increasing shortage of global water resources, increasingly frequent floods and droughts force researchers and decision makers to obtain real-time and high-precision hydrological observation data to meet the needs of researchers and decision makers for water. The need for resource optimization scheduling and ecological decision-making.

Based on the above urgent needs for data collection and decision-making, it is necessary to strengthen the hydrological and climate change laws of hotspot areas of concern, and conduct accurate quantitative research in combination with spatial scales. Therefore, it is urgent to explore a convenient and accurate technology for collecting and processing water level and runoff data that is suitable for different observation areas and different meteorological conditions.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a water level and runoff data acquisition and processing system and method. To achieve the following goals:

(1) To achieve real-time and accurate collection and calculation of reservoir, lake, river water level data and river runoff data, the measurement range is 0-35m (the distance from the radar water level sensor probe to the water surface, Note: actual water level = the distance from the radar water level sensor probe to the bottom of the water - The distance from the radar water level sensor probe to the water surface), the measurement accuracy is ±3mm; (2) to realize the collection, coding and Wireless data transmission; (3) Realize the reception and storage of reservoir, lake, river water level data and river runoff data in the data center database server; (4) Realize the sharing and sharing of water level data and river runoff data stored in the data center release.

Its specific technical plan is:

A water level and runoff data collection and processing system, comprising a water level and runoff data collection terminal and a data center, a wireless communication link between the water level and runoff data collection terminal and the data center; the water level data and the river The flow rate acquisition terminal includes a radar water level sensor, an ultrasonic Doppler flow rate sensor, a control circuit, a data acquisition circuit, a current conversion circuit, a GPS module and a GPRS wireless communication module. The wireless communication module is connected, the current conversion circuit is connected with the radar water level sensor and the ultrasonic Doppler velocity sensor, the data acquisition circuit is connected with the GPS module, and the current conversion circuit, the data acquisition circuit, and the GPRS wireless communication module are connected in sequence; Described data center comprises real-time communication server, database server, WebGIS server, local area network, Web server, Internet network, portable computer, PDA;

The water level and runoff data acquisition terminal automatically observes the river water level and flow velocity through the radar water level sensor and the ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity sensor, collects and calculates the water level and flow data, and uses the built-in embedded software in the control circuit of the observation device to automatically observe the water level, flow velocity and river flow rate. Basal area to calculate river runoff. The radar water level sensor is located above the water surface, and the control circuit regularly starts the radar water level sensor to accurately measure the distance from the ultrasonic sensor probe to the water surface, and obtains water level data in combination with the distance from the ultrasonic probe to the bottom of the water, where water level=distance from the ultrasonic probe to the bottom of the water−distance from the probe to the water surface ; Use non-contact laser Doppler flow velocity measuring instrument to measure river velocity remotely, runoff = river sectional area × velocity, formula: Q = A × V, where Q is runoff, A is river sectional area, and V is velocity. The basal area A of the river is calculated by the embedded software built into the control circuit of the observation device through the table look-up of the relationship between the river water level and the runoff at the river observation location. The control circuit obtains the data acquisition time and the latitude and longitude of the observation position through the GPS module;

The data acquisition circuit adopts the UDP wireless communication protocol, and carries out remote wireless data transmission to the hexadecimal coded hydrological data through the GPRS wireless communication module;

The data server receives and parses the hexadecimal data that the data acquisition circuit transmits through the GPRS wireless communication module by the real-time communication server connected to the network;

The remote control computer sends instructions to the water level and runoff data collection terminal through the real-time communication server to read the terminal working state and set the data collection frequency;

The web server automatically scans the hydrological database and releases water level and runoff data through the web server.

The WebGIS server displays the spatial geographic location, water level and runoff data of the observation point on the electronic map according to the latitude and longitude of the observation point.

Further, an SD card is provided in the control circuit, and the SD card automatically saves the water level and runoff data, collection time and latitude and longitude of the observation location.

Further, the database server of the data center is equipped with a data processing module, which automatically stores the water level and runoff data, collection time and observation location latitude and longitude in the hydrological database of the data server.

Further, the database server of the data center is equipped with a data analysis module, which calculates the water level and runoff with time, seasonal and meteorological changes according to the time series of the observed water level and runoff in the hydrological database, and automatically gives statistical analysis results.

Further, the database server of the data center is equipped with a data analysis module, which establishes a flood or drought early warning system through water level, runoff data and meteorological data, and releases flood warning information when the water level and runoff reach the threshold of flood water level and runoff, and continuously When the observation drops to the drought water level and runoff threshold, the drought and water shortage warning or low water warning information will be activated.

A method for collecting and processing water level and runoff data, comprising the steps of:

Step (1), determine the observation position, set up the radar water level sensor and the ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity sensor, measure the distance dwb between the radar water level sensor probe and the bottom of the water, and consider the stability and accuracy of the measurement, place it on the water surface directly below the radar water level sensor probe circular buoy;

Step (2), turn on the power to supply power to the radar water level sensor and the ultrasonic Doppler velocity sensor, the output of the radar water level sensor is a 4-20mA current signal, through the current conversion circuit and the control circuit, the output current signal of the radar water level sensor is converted into The hexadecimal coded serial data of RS485 serial data communication protocol, the ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity sensor outputs RS485 communication protocol data;

Step (3), the data acquisition circuit adopts the UDP protocol to wirelessly transmit the hexadecimal code to the data center through the GPRS wireless data transmission module and adopts the water level and the runoff data of the additional check digit of the CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm;

Step (4), the data center server connected to the Internet and having a fixed IP automatically receives and parses the water level and runoff data of the hexadecimal code through the automatically running data receiving program; the data processing program calculates and stores the water level data according to dwb and dws in the water level database;

Step (5), the data release program automatically scans the database at regular intervals and releases the water level data in real time to the authorized users accessing the water level data in the form of a data table through the Web server. Or provide the water level and runoff data that meet the query requirements according to the query conditions of the client; the WebGIS server displays the spatial geographic location of the observation point on the electronic map according to the longitude and latitude of the observation point, and the authorized user can click the observation point on the electronic map through the mouse Dynamic data in the icon pop-up window, mainly including observation point water level and runoff data, radar water level sensor information, current meter information, and observation point pictures. The data analysis program of the data center server can automatically calculate the water level and runoff with time, seasonal and meteorological changes according to the time series of water level and runoff observed in the water level database, and automatically give statistical analysis results. The output elements are annual, monthly, quarterly, and daily water level maximum, minimum average and annual, monthly, quarterly, and daily cumulative runoff. Correlation analysis and evaluation of water level, precipitation and temperature based on meteorological observation data and water level data;

Step (6), on the basis of the analysis in step (5), establish a flood or drought early warning system through water level, runoff data and meteorological data, and issue flood warning information when the water level and runoff reach the flood level threshold, continuous observation down to drought Start drought and water shortage warning or low water warning information at the time of water level and runoff.

Further, in step (2), the specific conversion process of converting the output current signal of the radar water level sensor into the hexadecimal coded serial data using the RS485 serial data communication protocol is as follows: first, the data acquisition circuit calculates the sensor output current through the radar water level sensor The distance from the water surface buoy dws (distance of water surface) and convert it into RS485 data, the distance between the sensor probe and the water surface dws = (radar water level sensor output current value - 4mA) × radar water level sensor volume / (20mA-4mA). The range of the sensor used in the test is 0-35m, then dws=(the output current value of the radar water level sensor-4mA)×35/(20mA-4mA)=2.1875×(the output current value of the radar water level sensor-4mA). If the output current value of the radar water level sensor is 4mA, then according to the above calculation formula, dws=0, and the distance from the sensor probe to the bottom of the water dwb (distance of water bottom) measured by the water level scale, then the distance between the sensor probe and the water surface is dws=0m, and the water level dw (depth of water) = dwb-dws = dwb-0 = dwb, if the current value of the radar water level sensor = 20mA, then the distance between the sensor probe and the water surface is dws = 35m, and the water level dw = dwb-35. The water level calculation is automatically completed on the data center server according to dwb, dws, water level sensor range and calculation formula. Runoff Q = river sectional area A × flow velocity V, the embedded software in the control circuit of the observation device performs hexadecimal encoding on the serial RS485 water level data and applies the CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm to generate the check digit of the data.

Further, in step (5), the water level and runoff data that meet the query requirements are the water level and runoff data of all observations in a certain period of time or the water level and runoff data of all time series at a certain observation point.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The invention has the advantages of simple operation, convenient use, low cost and good benefit.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the water level and runoff data acquisition and processing system;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data acquisition circuit, a current conversion circuit and a control circuit, wherein Fig. 2A is a data acquisition circuit, Fig. 2B is a current conversion circuit, and Fig. 2C is a control circuit.

Detailed ways

The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figures 1-2, a water level and runoff data acquisition and processing system includes a water level data acquisition terminal and a data center, and a wireless communication link is between the water level and runoff data acquisition terminal and the data center; The water level and runoff data acquisition terminal includes a radar water level sensor, an ultrasonic Doppler velocity sensor, a control circuit, a data acquisition circuit, a current conversion circuit, a GPS module and a GPRS wireless communication module, and the control circuit is respectively connected to the data acquisition circuit, The current conversion circuit and the GPRS wireless communication module are connected, the current conversion circuit is connected with the radar water level sensor and the flow rate, the data acquisition circuit is connected with the GPS module, and the current conversion circuit, the data acquisition circuit, and the GPRS wireless communication module are connected in sequence; Described data center comprises real-time communication server, database server, WebGIS server, local area network, Web server, Internet network, portable computer, PDA;

The water level and runoff data acquisition terminal automatically observes the river water level and flow velocity, and calculates the water level and runoff flow data of the river through the real-time collected water level and flow velocity data using the runoff calculation method. The radar water level sensor is located above the water surface. The control circuit regularly starts the radar water level sensor to accurately measure the distance from the ultrasonic sensor probe to the water surface, and obtains water level data in combination with the distance from the ultrasonic probe to the bottom of the water, where water level = distance from the ultrasonic probe to the bottom of the water - distance from the probe to the water surface; the control circuit obtains data through the GPS module Acquisition time and observation location latitude and longitude;

Described data collection circuit adopts UDP wireless communication protocol, carries out wireless data transmission to hexadecimal coded data by GPRS wireless communication module;

The data server receives and parses the hexadecimal data that the data acquisition circuit transmits through the GPRS wireless communication module by the real-time communication server connected to the network;

The remote control computer sends instructions to the water level and runoff data collection terminal through the real-time communication server to read the terminal working state and set the data collection frequency;

The web server automatically scans the hydrological database and releases water level and runoff data through the web server.

The WebGIS server displays the spatial geographic location, water level and runoff data of the observation point on the electronic map according to the latitude and longitude of the observation point.

The control circuit is provided with an SD card, and the SD card automatically saves the water level and runoff data, collection time, and the latitude and longitude of the observation location.

The database server of the data center is equipped with a data processing module, which automatically stores the water level and runoff data, collection time and observation location latitude and longitude in the hydrological database of the data server.

The database server of the data center is equipped with a data analysis module, which calculates the water level and runoff with time, seasonal and meteorological changes according to the time series of water level and runoff database observations of water level and runoff, and automatically provides statistical analysis results.

The database server of the data center is provided with a data analysis module, which establishes a flood or drought early warning system through water level, runoff data and meteorological data. Start drought and water shortage warning or low water warning information when the threshold value of runoff and runoff is reached.

A water level and runoff data acquisition and processing method, comprising the following steps: (1) determining the observation position and setting up a radar water level sensor and an ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity sensor; (2) converting the current signal output by the radar water level sensor into RS485 data ; (3) Utilize GPRS module to transmit data to data center; (4) Data center receives data, parses data and stores in water level and runoff database (Table 2); (5) Data publishing program accesses and uses B/S mode Publish the water level and runoff data in the hydrological database through the computer network.

Example 1

Taking the measurement of river water level and runoff as an example, the specific methods are as follows: (1) First determine the observation location and the type of radar water level sensor used, measurement range, measurement accuracy, working temperature, output signal and working voltage. Select SEBAPULS30 radar water level sensor and ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity sensor with high measurement accuracy and meet the measurement requirements. (2) Place and erect radar water level sensors, buoys and ultrasonic Doppler velocity sensors at the observation position according to the installation specifications, and measure the distance dwb between the radar water level sensor and the bottom of the water (after the observation position is fixed and the radar water level sensor is fixed, the distance between the radar water level sensor probe and the bottom The distance dwb is a constant); (3) Connect the 12VDC power supply of the battery, and convert the current signal output by the radar water level sensor, the latitude and longitude data of the observation point into RS485 data through the current signal conversion circuit; the ultrasonic Doppler flow velocity sensor uses the Doppler principle, The flow rate of water is measured by means of remote measurement; (4) The circuit encodes the RS485 data in hexadecimal, and uses the CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm to supplement the check digit to ensure the reliability of wireless data transmission. (5) The circuit wirelessly transmits the coded water level and runoff data to the data center database server through the GPRS wireless communication module and the Internet. (6) The database server of the data center receives and analyzes the water level and runoff data sent by the collection terminal and stores the water level and runoff data in the database according to the table format of water level observation data in Table 2 in the appendix. (7) The data center publishes water level and runoff data WebServices through the WebGIS server, and authorized users can monitor the working conditions of the radar water level sensor in real time and access the published water level and runoff data. (8) Repeat the previous steps.

Table 1 Technical parameters of SEBAPULS30 radar water level sensor

Measuring range 0-35m measurement accuracy ±3mm Operating temperature -40～+80℃ output signal Current: 4-20mA Operating Voltage 12VDC or 24VDC

(SEBAPULS series radar water level sensor principle: SEBAPULS series radar water level sensor uses microwave pulses to transmit and receive through the antenna. The radar wave of the radar water level sensor runs at the speed of light, and the running time can be converted into a water level signal through a high-speed circuit. The SEBAPULS series radar water level sensor measures Not affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, rainfall, etc. The radar water level sensor measures the water level in a non-contact manner, and is not affected by the water body. The ranging accuracy of the radar wave is millimeter-level, and the water level gauge passes the internal wave filtering function. SEBAPULS30 radar water level The accuracy of the water level measured by the sensor can reach 1 to 2 cm, and the range can reach up to 35 meters (the distance from the radar probe to the water surface). The output signal of the SEBAPULS series radar water level sensor is current: 4-20mA)

Table 2 Ultrasonic Doppler flow sensor technical parameters

Measuring Velocity Range 0.02m/s～5.00m/s Measurement resolution 1mm/s precision ±2～3% of measuring flow rate Operating temperature 0～50℃ output signal RS485 Operating Voltage 12VDC～15VDC

Table 3 Water level and runoff data table

(Note: the data in Table 3 dws: (distance of water surface) the distance from the radar water level sensor probe to the water surface; dwb: (distance of water bottom) the distance from the radar water level sensor probe to the bottom; water level dw: (depth of water), dw= dwb-dws; A: river basal area)

The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention can obviously obtain the simplicity of the technical solution. Changes or equivalent replacements all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of water level and run-off Data collection and precessing system, which is characterized in that including waterlevel data acquisition terminal sum number It is wireless communication link according to center, between the waterlevel data acquisition terminal and data center；The waterlevel data acquisition terminal Including indicator water sensor, control circuit, data acquisition circuit, current converter circuit, GPS module and GPRS radio communication molds Block, the control circuit are connect respectively with data acquisition circuit, current converter circuit, GPRS wireless communication modules, the electric current Conversion circuit is connect with indicator water sensor, and the data acquisition circuit is connected with GPS module, the current converter circuit, Data acquisition circuit, GPRS wireless communication modules are sequentially connected；The data center includes real-time communication server, database takes Be engaged in device, Web GIS service device, LAN, Web server, Internet network, portable computer, PDA；

The water level and run-off data collection station automatic Observation river, lake level acquire waterlevel data and discharge of river Data are measured, the indicator water sensor is located above the water surface, and the control circuit start by set date indicator water sensor is accurate Ultrasonic sensor probe is measured to water surface distance, waterlevel data, wherein water level are obtained to water-bed distance with reference to ultrasonic probe =ultrasonic probe is to water-bed distance-probe to water surface distance, run-off Q=cross section of rivers product A × flow velocity V, it is described control it is electric Road obtains data acquisition time and observation position longitude and latitude by the GPS module being connect with data acquisition circuit；

The data acquisition circuit uses UDP wireless communication protocols, by GPRS wireless communication modules to 16 scale coding data Carry out wireless data transmission；

The data server receives and parses through data acquisition circuit by connecting the real-time communication server of network and passes through GPRS 16 binary datas of wireless communication module transmission；

The remote control computer sends instruction reading terminals work by real-time communication server to waterlevel data acquisition terminal Make state and data acquiring frequency is set；

The Web server automatically scanning hydrological data bank simultaneously issues water level and run-off data by Web server；

The Web GIS service device according to the longitude and latitude of observation point show on the electronic map observation point spatial geographical locations and Water level, run-off data.

2. water level according to claim 1 and run-off Data collection and precessing system, which is characterized in that the control electricity SD card is equipped in road, the SD card automatically saves waterlevel data, acquisition time and observation position longitude and latitude.

3. water level according to claim 1 and run-off Data collection and precessing system, which is characterized in that in the data The database server of the heart is equipped with data processing module, by water level and run-off data, acquisition time and observation position longitude and latitude It is stored automatically in the hydrological data bank of data server.

4. water level according to claim 1 and run-off Data collection and precessing system, which is characterized in that in the data The database server of the heart is equipped with data analysis module, is calculated according to the time series of hydrological data bank observed stage and run-off Go out water level and run-off at any time with season and meteorological situation of change and provide statistic analysis result automatically.

5. water level according to claim 1 and run-off Data collection and precessing system, which is characterized in that in the data The database server of the heart is equipped with data analysis module, and flood or arid are established by water level, run-off data and meteorological data Early warning system issues flood warning information, continuous observation drop when water level and run-off reach flood level and run-off threshold value To startup drought and water shortage early warning or low water warning information when arid water level and run-off threshold value.

6. a kind of water level and run-off data acquisition and processing (DAP) method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：

Step (1) determines observation position, sets up indicator water sensor and supersonic Doppler flow sensor, instrumentation radar Water level sensor is popped one's head in and water-bed distance dwb, is considered from stability and the situation of precision, in indicator water sensor probe just The lower section water surface places round buoy；

Step (2) is powered on to indicator water sensor and the power supply of supersonic Doppler flow sensor, indicator water sensing Device output is 4-20mA current signals, and by current converter circuit and control circuit, indicator water current output sensor is believed Number be converted to the 16 scale coding serial datas using RS485 serial data communication agreements, supersonic Doppler flow sensor Output uses the flow speed data of RS485 serial communication protocols；

Step (3), data acquisition circuit are wirelessly transferred by GPRS wireless data transfer modules using udp protocol to data center 16 scale codings simultaneously add the water level of check bit and run-off data using CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithms；

The data receiver journey that step (4), connection Internet and the data center server with fixed IP pass through automatic running Sequence receives and parses through the waterlevel data of 16 scale codings automatically；Data processor calculates waterlevel data simultaneously according to dwb and dws Waterlevel data and run-off data are stored in waterlevel data library；

Step (5), data publication program timing automatically scanning database simultaneously pass through Web server to the mandate for accessing waterlevel data User issues water level and run-off data according to tables of data form in real time；Or it is provided according to user terminal querying condition and meets inquiry It is required that water level and run-off data, Web GIS service device observation point is shown according to the longitude and latitude of observation point on the electronic map Spatial geographical locations, authorized user is by the icon pop-up window dynamic data of observation point on mouse-click electronic map, mainly Including observation point water level and run-off data, indicator water sensor information, supersonic Doppler flow sensor information, observation Point picture；Data center server data analysis program calculates water outlet automatically according to the time series of waterlevel data library observed stage Position and run-off at any time with season and meteorological situation of change and provide statistic analysis result automatically；Output element is year, the moon, season Degree, day water level maximum value, minimum value mean value and year, the moon, season, day add up run-off, according to meteorological measuring and water level number According to correlation analysis and the assessment for carrying out water level, run-off, precipitation and temperature；

Step (6) establishes flood or arid on the basis of step (5) analysis by water level and run-off data and meteorological data Early warning system issues flood warning information, continuous observation drop when water level and run-off reach flood level and run-off threshold value To startup drought and water shortage early warning or low water warning information when arid water level and run-off.

7. water level according to claim 6 and run-off data acquisition and processing (DAP) method, which is characterized in that in step (2), Indicator water current output sensor signal is converted into the 16 scale coding serial numbers using RS485 serial data communication agreements According to specific transfer process be：Sensor distance water surface float distance is calculated by indicator water current output sensor first Dws is simultaneously converted into RS485 data, and sensor probe is apart from water surface distance dws=(indicator water current output sensors Value -4mA) × indicator water sensing tolerance/(20mA-4mA)；In test transducer range 0-35m used, then dws=(thunders Up to water level sensor output current value -4mA) × 35/ (20mA-4mA)=2.1875 × (indicator water current output sensor Value -4mA)；If indicator water current output sensor value is 4mA, then dws=0 is calculated according to more than calculation formula, The sensor measured by gauge is to bottom distance dwb, water level dw=dwb-dws=dwb, if indicator water sensor Current value=20mA, then dws=35m, water level dw=dwb-35；Water level calculate on data center server according to dwb, Dws, water level sensor range and calculation formula are automatically performed；Processor carries out 16 scale codings simultaneously to water level and run-off data Using the check bit of CRC cyclic redundancy check algorithm generation data.

8. water level according to claim 6 and run-off data acquisition and processing (DAP) method, which is characterized in that in step (5), It is the water level and run-off data of all observed quantities of a certain period or a certain sight to meet the water level of search request and run-off data The water level of all time serieses of measuring point and run-off data.