CN108203396B - 一种脑啡肽酶抑制剂的合成 - Google Patents
一种脑啡肽酶抑制剂的合成 Download PDFInfo
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- CN108203396B CN108203396B CN201611177799.7A CN201611177799A CN108203396B CN 108203396 B CN108203396 B CN 108203396B CN 201611177799 A CN201611177799 A CN 201611177799A CN 108203396 B CN108203396 B CN 108203396B
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- 229940122586 Enkephalinase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000002792 enkephalinase inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title description 17
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title description 11
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PYNXFZCZUAOOQC-UTKZUKDTSA-N sacubitril Chemical compound C1=CC(C[C@H](C[C@@H](C)C(=O)OCC)NC(=O)CCC(O)=O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 PYNXFZCZUAOOQC-UTKZUKDTSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229960003953 sacubitril Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)pyridine-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClCC1=NC=CC=C1C#N FALRKNHUBBKYCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
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- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzylformate Chemical compound O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N ethyl (e)-3-[3-amino-2-cyano-1-[(e)-3-ethoxy-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanyl-3-oxoprop-1-enyl]sulfanylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\SC(=C(C#N)C(N)=O)S\C=C\C(=O)OCC NLFBCYMMUAKCPC-KQQUZDAGSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Compound IV Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1 FKLJPTJMIBLJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl formate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC=O RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylbutane-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C(C(=O)C=1C=CC(Cl)=CC=1)CC(=O)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 HTSGKJQDMSTCGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- AQRLNPVMDITEJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylsilane Chemical compound CC[SiH](CC)CC AQRLNPVMDITEJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 2
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 5-oxo-L-proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acide pyroglutamique Natural products OC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
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- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- FCSKOFQQCWLGMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-{5-[2-chloro-4-(4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-yl)phenoxy]pentyl}-3-methylisoxazole Chemical compound O1N=C(C)C=C1CCCCCOC1=CC=C(C=2OCCN=2)C=C1Cl FCSKOFQQCWLGMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 206010019280 Heart failures Diseases 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- HXRAMSFGUAOAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n,n',n'-tetramethyl-1-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]methanediamine Chemical compound CN(C)C(N(C)C)OC(C)(C)C HXRAMSFGUAOAJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229940125364 angiotensin receptor blocker Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- ZASXKEGREHRXDL-CAWNUZPDSA-H hexasodium;4-[[(2s,4r)-5-ethoxy-4-methyl-5-oxo-1-(4-phenylphenyl)pentan-2-yl]amino]-4-oxobutanoate;(2s)-3-methyl-2-[pentanoyl-[[4-[2-(1,2,3-triaza-4-azanidacyclopenta-2,5-dien-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]amino]butanoate;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC(C[C@H](C[C@@H](C)C(=O)OCC)NC(=O)CCC([O-])=O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC(C[C@H](C[C@@H](C)C(=O)OCC)NC(=O)CCC([O-])=O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC(CN(C(=O)CCCC)[C@@H](C(C)C)C([O-])=O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=N[N-]1.C1=CC(CN(C(=O)CCCC)[C@@H](C(C)C)C([O-])=O)=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C1=NN=N[N-]1 ZASXKEGREHRXDL-CAWNUZPDSA-H 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/12—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides by reactions not involving the formation of carboxamide groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C227/00—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C227/14—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
- C07C227/18—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof by reactions involving amino or carboxyl groups, e.g. hydrolysis of esters or amides, by formation of halides, salts or esters
- C07C227/20—Preparation of compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton from compounds containing already amino and carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof by reactions involving amino or carboxyl groups, e.g. hydrolysis of esters or amides, by formation of halides, salts or esters by hydrolysis of N-acylated amino-acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. hydrolysis of carbamates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C231/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides
- C07C231/02—Preparation of carboxylic acid amides from carboxylic acids or from esters, anhydrides, or halides thereof by reaction with ammonia or amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
- C07D207/26—2-Pyrrolidones
- C07D207/273—2-Pyrrolidones with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/277—Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to specific properties of organic compounds
- C07B2200/07—Optical isomers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
一种脑啡肽酶抑制剂的合成本发明公开了一种脑啡肽酶抑制剂(Sacubitril)的合成新方法,该方法以L‑焦谷氨酸为原料,经过多步反应,然后差向异构化结晶得到与Sacubitril手性一致的式I化合物,式I化合物酰化后与联苯反应得到式II化合物,再水解开环得到式III化合物,式III化合物与丁二酸酐反应后,再还原得到Sacubitril。本发明采用了新的手性控制策略,以更简单可靠的方法构建了新的手性中心;将手性关键中间体的控制放在合成线路的前段,有利于降低风险并降低成本。
Description
技术领域
该发明属于医药化工领域。
背景技术
LCZ696(Entresto,Scheme 1) 是诺华公司开发的一种首创复方新药。该药由脑啡肽酶抑制Sacubitril和血管紧张素受体阻断剂Valasartan以1:1的比例组成,于2015年7月经FDA批准在美国上市,用于治疗在有慢性心力衰竭(NYHA类别II-IV)患者中减低对心力衰竭心血管死亡和住院的风险和减少射血分数。该药安全性好,疗效显著,是治疗心衰疾病的重磅药物,也是过去25年内心衰治疗领域的一个伟大突破,具有良好的市场前景。
文献WO2008083967A2报道了以L-焦谷氨酸为起始原料合成 Sacubitril 的方法(Scheme 2),此线路在甲基化时反应时需要超低温条件,反应条件苛刻、操作繁琐,不利于规模化生产,且手性的控制不理想,选择性不高。
文献WO2009090251A2还报道了以L-焦谷氨酸为原料通过不对称催化氢化合成Sacubitril的新方法(Scheme 3)。此方法对甲基的引入采用了全新的不对称催化氢化策略,选择性有明显的提高,效果好。但由于采用了价格昂贵的手性催化剂,以及格氏反应的使用,导致成本较高,有提升和改进的空间。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明公开了一种脑啡肽酶抑制剂Sacubitril的新制备方法。该方法以L-焦谷氨酸为起始原料,通过几步反应合成式VII化合物,然后通过差向异构化反应得到关键手性中间体式I,再经过付克反应,水解反应等数步反应得到产品Sacubitril。因为采用了新的手性控制策略,以更简单可靠的方法构建了新的手性中心,将手性关键中间体的控制放在合成线路的前段,有利于降低风险和控制成本。
Sacubitril的制备方法如下:
该方法以L-焦谷氨酸为起始原料,通过上保护基团,得到化合物V,其中,R1独立的选自H或甲酸叔丁酯、乙酰基、甲酸苄酯、苄基等氨基保护基团。V化合物再进一步制备得到化合物VI,通过Pd/C还原制备得到化合物VII。式VII化合物在DBU(二氮杂二环)存在下,制备得到化合物I。
化合物I再通过以下几个步骤制备得到Sacubitril:
A:式I化合物溶解于有机溶剂中,滴加酰化剂,如草酰氯,反应完全后,与联苯反应,得到式II化合物。
B:式II化合物在酸作用下,如盐酸,水解开环得到式III化合物,其中R2独立选自H或C1-C4的烷基。
C:式III化合物与丁二酸酐反应得到式IV化合物。
D:式IV化合物再通过还原反应得到Sacubitril。
在步骤B中,水解开环后的产物经732型阳离子交换树脂柱分离纯化,浓缩得到式III化合物。
在步骤B中,向水解开环后的产物中加入氯化钠,冷却析晶,烘干后得到式III化合物。
在步骤C中,式III化合物溶于无水乙醇,滴加乙酰氯,回流反应12h后,冷却到室温,滴加50%碳酸钠溶液,调节pH值到弱碱性,继续冷却到5度左右,分批加入丁二酸酐,反应完全后,减压蒸去乙醇,稀盐酸调节pH值到3-4,萃取浓缩后得到式IV化合物。
在步骤C中,式III化合物溶于无水乙醇,滴加乙酰氯,回流反应12h后,减压蒸溜除去乙醇,再重新加入无水乙醇、三乙胺和丁二酸酐,待反应完全后,除去溶剂,残余物用乙醇和水重结晶,烘干后得到式IV化合物。
在步骤D中,还原反应所用的催化剂选自Pd/C或者HSiEt3/BF3体系。
同时,反应过程中的中间体化合物II,III,IV,
其中,R1独立的选自H或甲酸叔丁酯、乙酰基、甲酸苄酯、苄基等氨基保护基团;R2独立选自H或C1-C4烷基。
具体实施方式
实施例1:化合物V(R1=Ac)的合成
化合物V(R1=Ac)的合成参照文献(Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1986 ,vol.51,p. 3494–3498)方法。向三口瓶中加入 104g (0.80mol, 1eq)L-焦谷氨酸和300g(2.88wt.)甲醇,滴加138g(2.2eq) 乙酰氯。滴加完毕后,升温到55-65℃至原料反应完全。减压蒸馏除去溶剂后得白色固体,加入300g(2.88wt)甲苯, 滴加178g(2.2eq)三乙胺, 然后再滴加69g(1.1eq)乙酰氯, 反应完成后,加入160g水,搅拌后分层,有机相依次用稀盐酸、碳酸氢钠溶液、水洗涤,浓缩后得白色固体122g.
实施例2:化合物VI(R1=Ac)的合成
化合物VI(R1=Ac)的合成参照文献(Synthesis,1997, 863-865)方法。将50g(0.27mol, 1.0eq)化合物V(R1=Ac,实施例1中的产物)、70.6g(1.5eq)叔丁氧基双(二甲基胺基)甲烷(Bredereck 试剂)、 200mL乙二醇二甲醚加入到反应瓶中,加热到68-70℃反应10h。冷却析晶,过滤,滤饼用少量溶剂洗涤,烘干后化合物VI(R1=Ac), 重量46.3g。
实施例3:化合物VII(R1=Ac)的合成
化合物VII(R1=Ac)的合成参照文献(Synthesis, 1997, 863-865)方法获得。
实施例3.1: 将24g(0.1mol, 1.0eq)化合物VI(R1=Ac,实施例2中的产物)、 2.4g10%的钯碳、260mL异丙醇加入到反应瓶中,通入氢气反应,直至反应完全为止。过滤并浓缩后得产物VII(R1=Ac,HPLC分析结果显示VII是VII-1和VII-2的混合物,其比例为VII-1/VII-2=83/17)。
实施例3.2: 将12g(0.05mol, 1.0eq)化合物VI(R1=Ac,实施例2中的产物)、 1.2g10%的钯碳,80mL异丙醇加入到反应釜中,氢气置换釜内空气,充氢气到2.0MPa,升温到40-50℃反应,保持温度和压力至反应完全为止。过滤并浓缩后得产物VII(R1=Ac,HPLC分析结果显示VII是VII-1和VII-2的混合物,其比例为VII-1/VII-2=68/32)。
实施例4:化合物I(R1=Ac)的合成
实施例4.1:化合物I的合成参照文献(Tetrahedron,2004, 60, 10277–10284)方法。将12g(0.06mol,1.0eq) 化合物VII (R1=Ac,dr=68/32,实施例3.2中的产物)、 100mL二氯甲烷加入到烧瓶中,冷却到0-5℃,滴加17g (4.0eq) DBU。升温到20-30℃反应48小时,加入稀盐酸调节pH值到5-6,分层,有机层浓缩,向残余物中加入2M LiOH水溶液,搅拌至反应完全。用稀盐酸调节pH值到2-3, 再用乙酸乙酯萃取。减压蒸馏除去乙酸乙酯,残余物用异丙醇/水重结晶,得化合物I(R1=Ac), 重量4.6g(de>99%)。
实施例4.2:将12g(0.06mol, 1.0eq) 化合物VII (R1=Ac,dr=68/32,实施例3.2中的产物)、 100mL甲醇加入到烧瓶中,加入20.7g(2.5eq)碳酸钾。 升温到20-30℃反应72小时,过滤,滤液中加入稀盐酸调节pH值到2-3。浓缩,向残余物中加入甲醇蒸馏带水,向残余物中加入无水甲醇,搅拌后过滤,浓缩滤液,残余物用异丙醇/水重结晶,得化合物I(R1=Ac), 重量5.1g(de>99%).
实施例5:化合物II(R1=Ac)的合成
将5g (0.027mol, 1.0eq)化合物I(R1=Ac,实施例4中的产物)、 100mL二氯甲烷、0.2g (0.1eq) DMF加入到三口瓶中,然后滴加4.2g(1.2eq)草酰氯的10mL二氯甲烷溶液,滴加完毕后,室温反应2h。冷却到-5-0℃,加入7.9g (2.5eq)无水三氯化铝,加入4.2g(1.0eq) 联苯, 搅拌至反应完全。加入2N稀盐酸淬灭反应,有机相用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩后得6.5g化合物II(R1=Ac),产品未经纯化,直接用于下一步反应。
实施例6:化合物III(R1=H,R2=H)的合成
实施例6.1:将5.5g 化合物II(R1=Ac,实施例5中的产物),30mL 4M盐酸加入到烧瓶中,加热至回流反应24h。将反应液浓缩至10mL左右, 经732型阳离子交换树脂柱分离纯化,收集含化合物III(R1=Ac,R2=H)的洗脱液,浓缩后得化合物III(R1=H,R2=H), 重量4.15g。
实施例6.2:将5.2g化合物II(R1=Ac,实施例5中的产物), 35mL 4M盐酸加入到烧瓶中,加热至回流反应24h。向反应液中加入6g 氯化钠,冷却到0-5℃析晶,过滤,烘干后得化合物III(R1=H,R2=H), 重量4.7g。
实施例7:化合物IV(R2=Et)的合成
实施例7.1:将15g(0.05mol, 1.0eq)化合物III(R1=H,R2=H,实施例6中的产物)、60mL无水乙醇,加入到三口瓶中,滴加8.8g(2.2eq)乙酰氯,回流反应12h。冷却到室温,滴加约15mL 50%的碳酸钠溶液,调节溶液pH至8-9。将溶液冷却到5℃左右,分批次加入5g(1.0eq)丁二酸酐, 搅拌至反应完全,反应完成后,减压蒸去乙醇,然后用稀盐酸调节溶液pH值至3-4,甲叔醚萃取,浓缩后得化合物IV(R2=Et), 重量18.7g。
实施例7.2:将15g(0.05mol, 1.0eq)化合物III(R1=H,R2=H,实施例6中的产物)、60mL无水乙醇,加入到三口瓶中,滴加8.8g(2.2eq)乙酰氯,回流反应12h。减压蒸馏除去乙醇,再加入60mL无水乙醇,然后滴加11.0g(2.1eq)三乙胺,再加入5g(1.0eq)丁二酸酐,搅拌至反应完全为止,蒸馏除去溶剂,残余物用乙醇和水重结晶,过滤,烘干后得到产品IV(R2=Et), 重量15.3g.
实施例8:Sacubtril 的合成
实施例8.1:将10.3g(0.025mol) 化合物IV(R2=Et,实施例7中的产物)、 0 .5g 冰乙酸、50mL乙醇加入到反瓶中,N2保护下加入0.1g 10%的钯碳。用氢气转换瓶内空气,加热到40-50℃反应12h。过滤,浓缩,得粗品10g, 粗品用异丙醇重结晶可得到纯度>99.5%的产品。
实施例8.2:氮气保护,将4.2g (0.01mol)化合物IV(R2=Et,实施例7中的产物)、30mL二氯甲烷、10mL乙腈、3.0g(2.5eq)三乙基硅烷加入到反应瓶中,冷却到0-5℃。滴加3.7mL(3.0eq)三氟化硼/乙醚溶液,滴加完毕后,升温到30-40℃反应至化合物IV消失。反应完毕后,将反应液转移到冷却的60g饱和碳酸钠水溶液中,搅拌后分层,水层用50mL二氯甲烷萃取,合并有机相,用水洗涤,静置后分层,有机相浓缩后得产物,重量3.5g。
最后说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。
Claims (10)
2.如权利要求1所述的方法,在步骤A中,式I化合物溶解于有机溶剂中,滴加草酰氯,反应完全后,与联苯反应,得到式II化合物。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法,在步骤B中,水解开环后的产物经732型阳离子交换树脂柱分离纯化,浓缩得到式III化合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法,在步骤B中,向水解开环后的产物中加入氯化钠,冷却析晶,烘干后得到式III化合物。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法,在步骤C中,式III化合物溶于无水乙醇,滴加乙酰氯,回流反应12h后,冷却到室温,滴加50%碳酸钠溶液,调节pH值到弱碱性,继续冷却到5度左右,分批加入丁二酸酐,反应完全后,减压蒸去乙醇,稀盐酸调节pH值到3-4,萃取浓缩后得到式IV化合物。
6.如权利要求1的方法,在步骤C中,式III化合物溶于无水乙醇,滴加乙酰氯,回流反应12h后,减压蒸馏除去乙醇,再重新加入无水乙醇、三乙胺和丁二酸酐,待反应完全后,除去溶剂,残余物用乙醇和水重结晶,烘干后得到式IV化合物。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法,在步骤D中,还原反应所用的催化剂选自Pd/C或者HSiEt3/BF3体系。
10.如权利要求9所述的化合物,化合物II中R1为乙酰基,化合物III中R1为H或乙酰基,R2为H或乙基;化合物IV中R2为H或乙基。
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