CN108194535A - A kind of electric mechanical brake-by-wire device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromechanical wire-controlled brake, which includes a motor, a transmission mechanism, a screw rod, a nut, a piston, a connecting rod with a wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism, a friction limiting device and the like. The motor drives the screw nut transmission mechanism through the transmission mechanism, drives the movement of the connecting rod through the screw nut transmission mechanism, drives the piston and the brake caliper body to move in opposite directions, and presses the friction plate with the same force from both sides of the brake disc. Achieve efficient braking effect. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, high braking efficiency, automatic adjustment of the braking gap, compensation for the impact caused by friction plate wear, simplified design of the control system, and can be used for driving and parking braking.

Description

An electromechanical brake-by-wire

technical field

The invention relates to the field of brakes, in particular, it can replace the existing floating caliper disc hydraulic brakes, realize friction discs clamping the brake discs from both sides with the same pressure in an electronically controlled manner, and at the same time realize adjustable brake clearances , a wire-controlled mechanical brake with adjustable braking strength, in particular an electromechanical wire-controlled brake.

Background technique

Brake-by-wire technology is a new type of braking technology that has emerged in recent years. It does not rely on mechanical or hydraulic connections between the brake and the brake pedal. The control system receives the information from the sensor to control the motor to work. Stable and reliable brake control. At present, there are mainly two types of electronic hydraulic braking system (EHB) and electromechanical braking system (EMB). The brake-by-wire system is conducive to the optimization of the braking performance of the whole vehicle, and can be easily integrated with other electronic control systems such as ABS, ASR, ESP, etc., so it has a broad development space.

The electronic hydraulic brake system (EHB) is transformed from the traditional hydraulic brake system. The braking process is more rapid and stable, which improves the braking safety and comfort of the car. However, due to the retention of hydraulic components, it does not have complete All the benefits of brake-by-wire systems are often seen as a precursor to electromechanical brakes (EMB).

The electromechanical braking system (EMB) realizes the braking process through the motor-driven mechanical mechanism, which greatly simplifies the structure of the braking system and makes the brake easier to arrange, assemble and overhaul. However, the existing electromechanical braking system often lacks the function of automatic adjustment of the brake gap in the brake part, which causes the problem that the efficiency of the brake actuator changes indeterminately when the external environment changes and the friction lining is worn. Braking efficiency control brings certain difficulties. At the same time, most of the brakes have problems such as relatively complicated structure and large installation size.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to propose an electromechanical brake-by-wire. The invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, etc., and can realize the automatic adjustment of the brake gap. By detecting the displacement or rotation angle of the friction plate driving mechanism, the brake clamping force can be converted and obtained, so that the control system can be adjusted accordingly. simplify.

The technical scheme that realizes the object of the present invention is as follows:

An electromechanical wire-controlled brake, including a motor, a transmission mechanism, a screw, a nut, a connecting rod, a wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism, a piston, a friction limiter, a brake caliper body, a brake disc, and a friction plate; the friction plate has Two pieces are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the brake disc, one is installed on the piston, and the other is installed on the brake caliper body; the piston is installed on the on the brake caliper body; a part of the friction limiting device is fixedly installed on the brake caliper body, and the other part has a relatively large friction force with the outer surface of the piston. When there is a relative displacement between the piston and the brake caliper body, elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device due to friction; the motor is connected to the input element of the transmission mechanism; the The terminal element of the transmission mechanism is connected to the screw, and the screw has external threads to cooperate with the nut with internal threads; the screw can rotate around its own axis, but the movement along its own axis is limited ; Between the nut and the piston, between the nut and the brake caliper body, the connecting rod is used to connect; the wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism is installed on the connecting rod Among them, including a wedge block and an actuating element, when the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism moves to drive the screw to rotate, The nut is affected by the connecting rod and cannot rotate. At this time, the screw cannot move along its own axis, so the nut can only move along the axis of the screw to drive the connecting rod. The rod moves, and the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston to move in opposite directions, driving the friction plate to press the brake disc from both sides;

When braking, the motor drives the screw to rotate through the transmission mechanism, drives the nut to move through the screw nut transmission mechanism, and drives the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the The piston and the brake caliper body move in opposite directions, so that the friction plate is pressed against both sides of the brake disc to obtain an efficient and reliable braking effect. At this time, the piston and There is a relative displacement between the brake caliper bodies, and elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device; when the brake is released, the motor drives the screw to move backward through the transmission mechanism , at the same time, the elastic potential energy inside the friction limiting device causes the piston and the brake caliper to move relative to each other to restore the original position, and the screw nut transmission mechanism also moves correspondingly to return to the initial position ;

When the friction plate is worn and the thickness becomes thinner, when the brake works, the motor drives the screw to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the piston and the brake caliper body are opposite to each other. movement, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device reaches the maximum, and the braking effect is not good due to the thinning of the friction plate. At this time, the motor continues to work, driving the screw to continue to rotate, to overcome the The frictional force between the outer surface and the friction limiting device makes the piston and the brake caliper continue to move relative to each other, pressing the brake disc to obtain a reliable and efficient braking effect; release the brake At this time, the motor drives the screw to reversely move through the transmission mechanism, and at the same time, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device acts to make the piston and the brake caliper move relatively At this time, the piston and the friction limiting device are relatively fixed in a new contact position, so the return displacement of the piston and the brake caliper body when the brake is released is smaller than that of the brake working process At this time, the motor drives the screw nut transmission mechanism to move backward to return to the initial working position, the wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism installed in the connecting rod works, and the The actuating element drives the wedge block to move, so that the length of the connecting rod changes, so as to meet the size requirement of the worn friction plate and realize the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance.

It also includes adopting a recirculating ball structure between the screw rod and the nut to reduce frictional resistance and improve system working efficiency.

The wedge-shaped block is installed in the connecting rod and can be self-locked, that is, the pressing force along the axial direction of the connecting rod cannot make the wedge-shaped block move relative to the connecting rod.

The connecting rods have the same size and are arranged symmetrically.

It also includes that the terminal element of the transmission mechanism is connected to the nut, and the nut can rotate around its own axis, but the movement along its own axis is limited; the nut has an internal thread, and the nut with an external thread The screw rod is matched; the connecting rod is used to connect between the screw rod and the piston, and between the screw rod and the brake caliper body; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism movement, drives the nut to rotate, and the screw is affected by the connecting rod and cannot rotate. At this time, the nut cannot move along its own axis, so the screw can only move along the direction of the nut. Axial movement drives the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston to move in opposite directions, driving the friction plate to press the brake pad from both sides. The brake disc; that is, the screw rod, the nut, and the structure in which the functions of the two components are interchanged.

When there is no transmission link with zero inverse efficiency in the transmission mechanism or the screw nut transmission pair, the locking mechanism is used to realize the parking brake when the motor is powered off, and the locking mechanism Electromagnetic brake or electronically controlled mechanical brake device is adopted, which can be disconnected when power is turned on, and the transmission element in the transmission link can be fixed when power is cut off, so as to maintain the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc to realize parking Braking function; when the transmission mechanism or the screw nut transmission pair is provided with a transmission link with zero inverse efficiency, the locking mechanism can be used to realize parking braking, or the inverse efficiency can be used to Zero, power and motion cannot be transmitted in reverse, realizing the parking brake when the motor is powered off.

The connection between the connecting rod and the screw/nut/piston/brake caliper body can be through the relative movement between the connecting rod and the screw/nut/piston/brake caliper body To meet the position change between parts when the brake is working, the elastic deformation of the connection between the connecting rod and the screw/nut/piston/brake caliper body can also satisfy the position change between parts when the brake is working.

It also includes that the power input element (the screw in claim 1 or the nut in claim 5) connected to the terminal element of the transmission mechanism is installed on the brake caliper body, and only the power output element (the nut in claim 5) is installed on the brake caliper body. The nut in claim 1 or the screw rod in claim 5) and the piston are provided with the connecting rod; or the power input element connected with the terminal element of the transmission mechanism (the screw rod in claim 1 or the claim The nut in claim 5) is installed on the piston, and only the connecting rod is set between the power output element (the nut in claim 1 or the screw in claim 5) and the brake caliper body these four structures.

It also includes adopting a roller structure on the mating surface of the piston and the brake caliper body to reduce frictional resistance and improve system working efficiency.

The wedge block divides the connecting rod into a left section and a right section, and the junction of the wedge block and the connecting rod has positioning features, so that the left section of the connecting rod and the connecting rod The right section is reliably connected together by the wedge block, and the left section can only move along the axis direction relative to the right section, and relative movement in other directions cannot occur. The wedge block is The connecting rod can only move in the direction of the actuating force of the actuating element, and cannot move or rotate in other directions, so as to improve assembly stability and work reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of Embodiment 1 of an electromechanical brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of Embodiment 2 of an electromechanical brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of Embodiment 3 of an electromechanical brake-by-wire of the present invention.

Note in the drawings: 1-brake caliper bracket 2-guide pin 3-brake caliper body 4-screw rod 5-actuating spring 6-connecting rod 7-nut 8-wedge block 9-locking wheel 10-motor 11 -motor shaft 12-electromagnetic brake 13-sealing ring 14-piston 15-friction plate 16-brake disc 17-clip 18-spring 19-driving gear 20-driven gear 21-return spring 22-electromagnetic coil 23- Locking pin 24-worm gear 25-worm 26-positioning sliding sleeve

Detailed ways

Referring to accompanying drawing 1, an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.

As shown in Figure 1, an electromechanical brake by wire includes a brake caliper body (3) that can move on a guide pin (2), and the guide pin (2) is fixed on a brake caliper bracket (1). There is a brake disc (16) in the jaw of the brake caliper body (3), and there are friction discs (15) on both sides of the brake disc (16), one is mounted on the brake caliper body (3), and the other is mounted on the piston (14), the piston (14) is installed on the brake caliper body (3) through the snap ring (17), and the snap ring (17) is pushed to the side away from the brake disc (16) by the spring (18), and the spring (18) is installed on the brake caliper body (3). There is a relatively large frictional force between the contact surface of the snap ring (17) and the piston (14). When the displacement of the piston (14) is within the elastic deformation range of the spring (18), the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) will There is no relative motion between the contact surfaces. The other side of the piston (14) has a screw rod (4) with external thread, which is installed in cooperation with the nut (7) with internal thread, between the nut (7) and the piston (14), and between the nut (7) and the brake The pliers (3) are connected by connecting rods (6), and the connecting rods (6) are arranged symmetrically. The connecting rods (6) are equipped with a wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism, a wedge-shaped block (8) and an actuating spring (5), and the wedge-shaped block (8) The connecting rod (6) is divided into two sections, the left section and the right section of the wedge block (8), and the left section and the right section are used by the wedge block (8) to locate the sliding sleeve (26) Combined, the positioning sliding sleeve (26) is coated on the outer surface of the connecting rod (6), so that the left section and the right section of the connecting rod (6) are reliably connected together through the wedge block (8), and the left section is opposite to the Because the right side section can only move along the axis direction, relative movement in other directions cannot occur, so as to ensure the assembly stability and working reliability of the connecting rod (6). The wedge block (8) can only move along the direction of the actuating force of the actuating spring (5). When the left section moves along the axial direction relative to the right section, so that there is a gap between the contact surface of the connecting rod (6) and the wedge (8), the actuating spring (5) moves the wedge (8) to the small end , to compensate for the gap. The pressure contact surface between the wedge (8) and the connecting rod (6) is self-locking, that is, when a force is applied along the axial direction of the connecting rod (6) to compress the wedge (8), the wedge (8) and the connection Rod (6) is relatively static. Screw rod (4) is fixedly connected with driven gear (20), and driven gear (20) meshes with driving gear (19), and driving gear (19) is fixedly installed on the motor shaft (11).

When the brake works, the motor (10) drives the driving gear (19) to rotate, drives the driven gear (20) to rotate, that is, drives the screw rod (4) to rotate, and the nut (7) cannot rotate due to the restriction of the connecting rod (6). It can only move along the axial direction of the screw rod (4). Since the axial direction movement of the screw rod (4) is limited, the nut (7) moves upwards, driving the connecting rod (6) to push the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3 ) to move in the opposite direction, driving the corresponding friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) from both sides with the same force, so as to realize efficient and reliable braking effect. At this time, the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) move together, compress the spring (18), the spring (18) undergoes elastic deformation, stores elastic potential energy, and there is no relative contact surface between the snap ring (17) and the piston (14). sports. When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the screw nut transmission mechanism to rotate in reverse, and at the same time, the elastic potential energy stored in the spring (18) is released, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively, and all components restore initial position.

When the friction plate (15) wears out and the thickness becomes thinner, when the brake works, the motor (10) drives the screw rod (4) to rotate through the gear mechanism, pushing the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) to move relatively, and the spring ( The elastic deformation of 18) reaches the maximum. When the clasp (17) is close to the left step surface, the braking effect is not good due to the wear of the friction plate (15). At this time, the motor (10) drives the screw (4) to continue rotation, that is, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) continue to move relative to each other, so the spring (18) maintains the maximum amount of elastic deformation, and the piston (14) overcomes the frictional force between the snap ring (17) to The new contact surface cooperates with the snap ring (17). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the gear mechanism to reverse, and drives the screw (4) to reverse. At the same time, the elastic potential energy of the spring (18) is released, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move relatively, At this moment, the snap ring (17) and the piston (14) are positioned with the new contact surface. After the elastic potential energy of the spring (18) is fully released, the positions of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) remain motionless. At this time, the motor (10) drives the screw rod (4) to continue reverse rotation to return to the initial position, and the nut (7) drives the part connected to the connecting rod (6) to continue to move, and the connecting rod (6) is connected to the piston ( 14) and the parts on the brake caliper body (3) are fixed together thereupon, so the distance between the left section and the right section of the connecting rod (6) becomes larger, and the connecting rod (6) and the wedge block There is a gap between the contact surfaces of (8), and the actuating spring (5) moves the wedge block (8) to the small end to compensate for the gap, thereby increasing the length of the connecting rod (6). At this time, the return displacement of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) is still the maximum elastic deformation of the spring (18), so the brake gap is kept the same as before the wear, and the automatic adjustment of the brake gap is realized. .

When the parking brake is required, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) to meet the parking brake requirement, and then the electromagnetic brake (12) is powered off to lock the motor shaft (11 ), keep the braking performance unchanged, and now the parking brake function under the power failure situation of the motor (10) can be realized. When the electromagnetic brake (12) is energized, the motor shaft (11) is released, and the magnitude of the braking torque can be freely controlled by the motor (10). Or adopt electronically controlled mechanical braking device, lock wheel (9) is installed on motor shaft (11), when electromagnetic coil (22) energizes, lock pin (23) is subjected to electromagnetic force, compresses return spring (21) , so that the locking pin (23) and the locking wheel (9) are not in contact with each other, and have no effect on the braking or release of the brake; when the parking brake is required, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to compress The brake disc (16) meets the parking brake requirements, and then the electromagnetic coil (22) is powered off, and the locking pin (23) is inserted into the tooth of the locking wheel (9) under the elastic force of the return spring (21) , to maintain the parking brake effect, the parking brake function can be realized when the motor (10) is powered off. Or when the inverse efficiency between the screw rod (4) and the nut (7) is zero, the parking brake is realized by directly using the characteristic that the inverse efficiency of the screw nut transmission pair is zero.

In this embodiment, the electromechanical braking device can also directly act on the driving gear (19) or the driven gear (20), to obtain a similar parking braking effect.

Referring to Fig. 2, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The main difference between the embodiment of accompanying drawing 2 and the embodiment of accompanying drawing 1 is as follows:

Transmission mechanism is different, adopt gear mechanism transmission in accompanying drawing 1, screw rod (4) is connected driven gear (20); Adopt worm gear mechanism transmission in accompanying drawing 2, worm gear (24) is the terminal element of transmission mechanism, nut (7) Attach worm gear (24).

The friction limiting device is different. In the accompanying drawing 1, a spring (18) and a snap ring (17) are used to realize the friction limiting function, and the spring (18) is used to generate elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy; in the accompanying drawing 2, a sealing ring (13) is used to realize The friction limit function utilizes the elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13) to store elastic potential energy.

The power input element and the power output element are different. In the accompanying drawing 1, the screw (4) is used as the power input element, which is connected with the terminal element of the transmission mechanism, and the nut (7) is used as the power output element, and the connecting rod (6) and the piston (14 )/brake caliper body (3); the nut (7) is used as the power input element in the accompanying drawing 2, and is connected with the terminal element of the transmission mechanism, and the screw (4) is used as the power output element, and the piston is connected to the connecting rod (6) (14)/brake caliper body (3) links to each other.

The way to realize the parking brake function is different. In the accompanying drawing 1, it is shown that the motor shaft (11) is released when the electromagnetic brake (12) is powered on, and the motor shaft (11) is locked when the power is turned off to realize the motor (10) shutdown. The parking brake under electric conditions, and the parking brake method using an electronically controlled mechanical brake device; in Figure 2, when the worm gear mechanism with zero inverse efficiency is used, the parking brake can be realized directly by using the worm gear mechanism. The parking brake function can also be realized by using the locking mechanism, that is, the aforementioned electromagnetic brake, electronically controlled mechanical brake device, etc.

The connection mode of the connecting rod is different. In the accompanying drawing 1, the connection mode between the connecting rod (6) and the nut (7)/piston (14)/brake caliper body (3) is an elastic connection. During the braking process, the relative movement requirements between the components are met through the elastic deformation of the connection. In the embodiment of accompanying drawing 2, it is a hinge connection, and the working requirements of the system are met through the hinge movement.

The positioning features are different. The positioning feature of the wedge block (8) among the accompanying drawings 2 adopts a "T" groove, and the left section and the right side section of the connecting rod (6) are connected with the wedge block (8) by the "T" groove feature. ) are reliably connected together, and the left section can only move along the axis direction relative to the right section, and relative movement in other directions cannot occur, thereby ensuring the assembly stability and working reliability of the connecting rod (6). Wedge block (8) locating feature among accompanying drawing 1 adopts locating sliding sleeve (26). The positioning sliding sleeve (26) is coated on the outer surface of the connecting rod (6), connects the left section and the right side section separated by the wedge block (8), keeps the overall rigidity of the connecting rod (6), and meanwhile, the connecting rod ( 6) The left section/right section can slide along the axial direction in the positioning sliding sleeve (26), which meets the working requirements of the system and ensures the assembly stability and working reliability of the connecting rod (6).

As shown in Figure 2, there is a brake disc (16) in the jaw of the brake caliper body (3), and there are friction plates (15) on both sides of the brake disc (16), one of which is contained in the brake caliper body (3). One is installed on the piston (14), and the piston (14) is installed on the brake caliper body (3) through the sealing ring (13). There is a large gap between the contact surface of the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14). Friction, when the displacement of the piston (14) is within the elastic deformation range of the sealing ring (13), there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces of the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14). There is a nut (7) on the other side of the piston (14), which has an internal thread, and is installed in cooperation with the screw rod (4) with an external thread, between the screw rod (4) and the piston (14), and between the screw rod (4) and the brake The clamp bodies (3) are hingedly connected with connecting rods (6), and the connecting rods (6) are symmetrically arranged, and the nuts (7) are fixedly connected with the worm gear (24), and the worm screw (25) is connected with the motor shaft (11). A wedge adjustment mechanism is housed in the connecting rod (6), a wedge block (8) and an actuating spring (5), the wedge block (8) divides the connecting rod (6) into two sections, the left section of the wedge block (8) and For the right section, the wedge block (8) combines the left section and the right section with a positioning feature "T" groove, so that the left section and the right section of the connecting rod (6) can be reliably connected by the wedge block (8). Connect together to ensure the assembly stability and work reliability of the connecting rod (6). The wedge block (8) can only move along the direction of the actuating force of the actuating spring (5).

When the brake is working, the motor (10) drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate, and drives the nut (7) to rotate. The screw (4) is restricted by the connecting rod (6) and cannot rotate, but can only move along the axis of the nut (7). (7) Movement along the axis is limited and cannot move downward. Therefore, the screw rod (4) moves upward, driving the connecting rod (6) to move, pushing the brake caliper body (3) to move to the right, and the piston (14) to move to the left movement, that is, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) move in opposite directions, driving the corresponding friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) from both sides with the same force, so as to realize efficient and reliable braking. motion effect. At this time, the sealing ring (13) undergoes elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy, and there is no relative movement between the contact surfaces of the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the worm gear mechanism to rotate in the reverse direction, and drives the nut (7) to rotate in the reverse direction. At the same time, the elastic potential energy stored in the sealing ring (13) is released, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) Relative movement, all components return to their original positions.

When the friction plate (15) is worn and the thickness becomes thinner, when the brake is working, the motor (10) drives the nut (7) to rotate through the worm gear mechanism, pushing the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) to move relative to each other, sealing When the elastic deformation of the ring (13) reaches the maximum, the braking effect is not good due to the wear of the friction plate (15). At this time, the motor (10) drives the nut (7) to continue to rotate, that is, the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) Continue relative movement, therefore, the sealing ring (13) maintains the maximum amount of elastic deformation, and the piston (14) overcomes the frictional force between the sealing ring (13) and forms a new contact surface with the sealing ring (13) Matching, that is, the displacement of the piston (14) relative to the brake caliper body (3) is greater than the maximum elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13). When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the worm gear mechanism to reverse, and drives the nut (7) to rotate in the opposite direction. At the same time, the elastic potential energy of the sealing ring (13) is released, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) Relative movement, at this time the sealing ring (13) and the piston (14) are positioned with the new contact surface, the actuating spring (5) in the wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism moves the wedge-shaped block (8) to the small end, and the connecting rod (6) The length of the caliper is increased to compensate for the dimensional change caused by the wear of the friction plate (15), so that the return displacement of the piston (14) and the brake caliper body (3) is still the maximum elastic deformation of the sealing ring (13), so it is maintained The brake gap is the same as before wear, and the automatic adjustment of the brake gap is realized.

When the parking brake is required, the motor (10) drives the friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) to meet the parking brake requirement, and the motor (10) is realized by using a worm gear transmission mechanism with zero inverse efficiency. Parking brake in case of power failure. Or utilize the locking mechanism to realize the parking brake function. Or utilize the characteristic that the inverse efficiency of the screw nut transmission pair is zero to realize the parking brake.

In the third embodiment shown in accompanying drawing 3, the motor shaft (11) is used to directly connect the screw rod (4), and the screw rod (4) is installed in the brake caliper body (3), which can only rotate around its own axis and cannot move axially , the nut (7) is fitted on the screw rod (4), the connecting rod (6) connects the nut (7) and the piston (14), the nut (7) is limited by the connecting rod (6) and cannot rotate, and can only move along the screw rod (4) ) to move in the direction of the axis. The wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism in the connecting rod (6) adopts a wedge-shaped block (8), and one end of the actuation spring (5) links to each other with the small end of the wedge-shaped block (8), and the other end is fixed on the connecting rod (6). The positioning feature between the wedge block (8) and the connecting rod (6) is a dovetail groove. In addition, the shape of the wedge block (8) is also different from the previous two embodiments. When the brake is working, the motor shaft (11) rotates, driving the screw (4) to rotate, causing the nut (7) to move downward, and the piston (14) is pushed to the left through the connecting rod (6). At the same time, the screw (4) and the brake The movable caliper body (3) moves to the right together, driving the corresponding friction plate (15) to press the brake disc (16) from both sides with the same force, so as to realize efficient and reliable braking effect. At this time, the sealing ring (13) undergoes elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy. When the brake is released, the motor (10) drives the motor shaft (11) to rotate in the reverse direction, and drives the screw (4) to rotate in the reverse direction. At the same time, the elastic potential energy stored in the sealing ring (13) is released, so that the piston (14) and the brake caliper The body (3) moves relative to each other, and all components return to their original positions. Other working processes of this structure, such as parking brake and brake clearance adjustment, are the same as those in the first two embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

Here, the power input components (screws, nuts) in attached drawings 1 and 2 can be installed on the brake caliper bracket, or on the brake caliper body. When installed on the brake caliper body, attention should be paid to braking The movement of the caliper body should not be limited by this, or even cause movement interference, that is, the power input element has a reasonable movement space relative to the brake caliper body.

In addition to direct transmission, fixed-axis gear mechanism, and worm gear mechanism, the transmission mechanism can also use other transmission methods such as chain drive, belt drive, lever drive, cable drive, planetary gear drive, etc. The friction limit device uses seal rings, springs, etc. Other structures can also be used outside the clasp to achieve similar functions. The locking mechanism can also use the locking pin to act on other gears or a special locking ratchet integrated with the gear, or install a ratchet pawl on the motor shaft The locking function can be realized by means of mechanism, etc. The number of wedge-shaped blocks in the wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism can also be three or more, and the shape of the wedge-shaped blocks can also be changed in many ways. In addition to grooves and positioning sliding sleeves, other structural forms such as bosses and flat keys can also be used to enhance assembly stability and work reliability. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can obtain other All embodiments belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The present invention has been exemplarily described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above-mentioned manner, as long as various improvements of the method concept and technical solutions of the present invention are adopted, or directly applied to other Occasions, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An electromechanical brake by wire, comprising a motor, a transmission mechanism, a screw rod, a nut, a connecting rod, a wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism, a piston, a friction limiter, a brake caliper body, a brake disc, and a friction plate; There are two pieces, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the brake disc, one is installed on the piston, and the other is installed on the brake caliper body; the piston passes through the friction limiting device Installed on the brake caliper body; a part of the friction limiting device is fixedly installed on the brake caliper body, and the other part has a relatively large friction force with the outer surface of the piston. When there is a relative displacement between the piston and the brake caliper body, elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device due to friction; the motor is connected to the input element of the transmission mechanism; the The terminal element of the transmission mechanism is connected to the screw rod, and the screw rod has external threads, which cooperate with the nuts with internal threads; the screw rod can rotate around its own axis direction, but the movement along its own axis direction Restricted; between the nut and the piston, between the nut and the brake caliper body are connected by the connecting rod; the wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism is installed on the The connecting rod includes a wedge block and an actuating element. When the wedge block moves under the action of the actuating element, the length of the connecting rod can be changed; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism moves to drive the screw rod Rotate, the nut is affected by the connecting rod, unable to rotate, at this time, the screw cannot move along its own axis, so the nut can only move along the axis of the screw, driving the The connecting rod moves, and the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston to move in opposite directions, driving the friction plate to press the brake disc from both sides; When braking, the motor drives the screw to rotate through the transmission mechanism, drives the nut to move through the screw nut transmission mechanism, and drives the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the The piston and the brake caliper body move in opposite directions, so that the friction plate is pressed against both sides of the brake disc to obtain an efficient and reliable braking effect. At this time, the piston and There is a relative displacement between the brake caliper bodies, and elastic potential energy is generated in the friction limiting device; when the brake is released, the motor drives the screw to move backward through the transmission mechanism , at the same time, the elastic potential energy inside the friction limiting device causes the piston and the brake caliper to move relative to each other to restore the original position, and the screw nut transmission mechanism also moves correspondingly to return to the initial position ; When the friction plate is worn and the thickness becomes thinner, when the brake works, the motor drives the screw to rotate through the transmission mechanism, so that the piston and the brake caliper body are opposite to each other. movement, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device reaches the maximum, and the braking effect is not good due to the thinning of the friction plate. At this time, the motor continues to work, driving the screw to continue to rotate, to overcome the The frictional force between the outer surface and the friction limiting device makes the piston and the brake caliper continue to move relative to each other, pressing the brake disc to obtain a reliable and efficient braking effect; release the brake At this time, the motor drives the screw to reversely move through the transmission mechanism, and at the same time, the elastic potential energy in the friction limiting device acts to make the piston and the brake caliper move relatively At this time, the piston and the friction limiting device are relatively fixed in a new contact position, so the return displacement of the piston and the brake caliper body when the brake is released is smaller than that of the brake working process At this time, the motor drives the screw nut transmission mechanism to move backward to return to the initial working position, the wedge-shaped adjustment mechanism installed in the connecting rod works, and the The actuating element drives the wedge block to move, so that the length of the connecting rod changes, so as to meet the size requirement of the worn friction plate and realize the automatic adjustment of the brake clearance. 2. An electro-mechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1, characterized in that it further includes a recirculating ball structure between the screw rod and the nut to reduce frictional resistance and improve system working efficiency. 3. An electro-mechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the wedge-shaped block is installed in the connecting rod and can be self-locked, that is, the pressing force along the axial direction of the connecting rod The wedge block cannot be moved relative to the connecting rod. 4. The electro-mechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting rods have the same size and are arranged symmetrically. 5. An electromechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1, characterized in that it also includes the terminal element of the transmission mechanism connected to the nut, the nut can rotate around its own axis, but along its own axis The movement in the axial direction is limited; the nut has an internal thread and cooperates with the screw with an external thread; between the screw and the piston, the screw and the brake caliper The bodies are connected by the connecting rod; the terminal element of the transmission mechanism moves to drive the nut to rotate, and the screw is affected by the connecting rod and cannot rotate. At this time, the nut It cannot move along its own axis, so the screw can only move along the axis of the nut, driving the connecting rod to move, and the connecting rod drives the brake caliper body and the piston Moving in the opposite direction drives the friction plate to press the brake disc from both sides; that is, the structure of the screw, the nut, and the two components are functionally interchangeable. 6. An electromechanical brake by wire according to claim 1, characterized in that when there is no transmission link with zero inverse efficiency in the transmission mechanism or the screw nut transmission pair, a locking mechanism is used to realize For the parking brake when the motor is powered off, the locking mechanism adopts an electromagnetic brake or an electronically controlled mechanical brake device, which can be disconnected when the power is turned on, and the transmission elements in the transmission link are fixed when the power is turned off, so as to maintain The size of the pressure between the friction plate and the brake disc realizes the parking brake function; when the transmission mechanism or the screw nut transmission pair is provided with a transmission link with zero inverse efficiency, The above-mentioned locking mechanism can be used to realize the parking brake, or the inverse efficiency is zero, and the power and motion cannot be transmitted in reverse, so as to realize the above-mentioned parking brake when the motor is powered off. 7. An electromechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1 or claim 5, characterized in that the connection between the connecting rod and the screw/nut/piston/brake caliper body can be achieved by The relative movement between the connecting rod and the screw/nut/piston/brake caliper satisfies the position change between the parts when the brake is working, and the connecting rod and the screw/nut/ The elastic deformation of the joint between the piston/caliper body satisfies the position change between the parts when the brake is operated. 8. An electromechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1 or claim 5, characterized in that it also includes a power input element connected to the terminal element of the transmission mechanism (screw rod in claim 1 or claim 5) is installed on the brake caliper body, and only the connecting rod is set between the power output element (the nut in claim 1 or the screw rod in claim 5) and the piston; Or the power input element (the screw in claim 1 or the nut in claim 5) connected with the terminal element of the transmission mechanism is installed on the described piston, only the power output element (the nut in claim 1 or the screw rod in claim 5) and the brake caliper body are provided with these four structural modes of the connecting rod. 9. An electromechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 8, further comprising adopting a roller structure on the mating surface between the piston and the brake caliper body to reduce frictional resistance, Improve system efficiency. 10. An electromechanical brake-by-wire according to claim 1 or claim 8, characterized in that said wedge block divides said connecting rod into a left section and a right section, and said wedge block There are positioning features at the junction with the connecting rod, so that the left section and the right section of the connecting rod are reliably connected together through the wedge block, and the left section is relatively The right section can only move along the axial direction, and cannot move relative to other directions. The wedge-shaped block can only move along the direction of the actuating force of the actuating element on the connecting rod, and cannot move in other directions. Move or turn to improve assembly stability and work reliability.