CN108183145A - A kind of double glass photovoltaic modulies of crystal silicon - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module, which comprises a top glass, an upper PVB adhesive film, a solar cell, a lower PVB adhesive film and a back glass from top to bottom. The front of the top glass is coated with a self-cleaning film and a selective absorption optical film, and the back glass is coated with a selective absorption optical film. The crystalline-silicon double-glass photovoltaic module greatly increases the part of sunlight entering the module that can be converted into electrical energy by the battery sheet, and significantly reduces the light waves that cannot produce photoelectric effects and increase the temperature of the battery entering the module, effectively reducing solar energy. The operating temperature of the battery improves the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules, which is beneficial to the increase in power generation of crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic modules.

Description

A crystalline silicon double glass photovoltaic module

technical field

The invention relates to solar photovoltaic power generation technology and optical technology, in particular to a crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module.

Background technique

Crystal-silicon double-glass photovoltaic module is a double-sided glass photovoltaic module that uses crystalline silicon solar cells to convert irradiated solar energy into electrical energy output through the photovoltaic effect. Damage caused by uneven force, etc., and double-glass components are better waterproof, breathable and thermally stable. Usually, the module will increase the intensity of the incident sunlight as much as possible, and rely on the photovoltaic characteristics of the solar cell made of semiconductor characteristics to effectively use the solar energy to convert it into electrical energy for use.

In most crystalline silicon modules, not all parts of sunlight can enter the module and be absorbed by crystalline silicon solar cells to generate photovoltaic effect, and then output electric energy. Due to the limitation of the bandgap width of the crystalline silicon semiconductor itself, only a part of the wavelength of sunlight can make the crystalline silicon solar cell generate photovoltaic effect power generation. Existence in form is one of the important factors that lead to the temperature rise of photovoltaic modules.

Temperature has a significant effect on the output performance of a component. Relevant studies have shown that when the temperature of silicon solar cells increases by 1°C, the open circuit voltage will decrease by 0.4%-0.5%, some even decrease by 0.66%, and the output power will decrease by 0.4%-0.5%. At the same time, according to the sunlight irradiation form on the earth's surface, it is divided into direct radiation and diffuse radiation. For crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic modules, in addition to receiving sunlight directly radiated on the surface of the module, absorbing solar energy that is scattered radiation is also conducive to increasing the incoming energy. The light intensity of the module improves the power output of the module, and the transparent back glass in the crystal-silicon double-glass module can increase the scattered radiated light entering the module. In addition, excessive surface stains can easily block the incident sunlight of the module and affect its efficiency. Therefore, in practical applications, we should minimize the deposition of pollutants on the surface of the module.

In order to solve the problem that some wavelengths of sunlight entering the module cannot be converted into photoelectricity, and become heat energy, which will increase the temperature of the cell and affect the efficiency of the module. At the same time, it will also increase the absorption of scattered radiated sunlight by the module and increase the available light energy entering the module. , it is necessary to improve the existing crystal-silicon double-glass modules to improve the related efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module. Through the corresponding optimized design, the light waves that cannot be converted into heat by the battery can be reduced from entering the module, the working temperature of the battery sheet can be reduced, and the performance of the module under actual working conditions can be improved. usage efficiency.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module, comprising a top layer of glass, a PVB adhesive film, a solar cell array and a back glass; wherein the side of the top layer of glass receiving sunlight is respectively coated with a self-cleaning film and a layer of selective absorption optical film, The back glass is also coated with a selective absorption optical film, and the PVB adhesive film bonds and fixes the top glass, the battery sheet and the back glass as a whole.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the self-cleaning film of the top layer of glass is in contact with the atmosphere and has a self-cleaning function; the selective absorption optical film is located between the top layer of glass and the self-cleaning film, and has the function of filtering out light in the middle and low frequency bands of sunlight .

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the film surface coated with the selective absorption optical film of the back glass is in contact with the solar cell array, and the selective absorption optical film has the function of filtering sunlight in the middle and low frequency bands.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the wavelength of solar radiation low-frequency light that can be filtered out by the selective absorption optical film coated on the top glass and the back glass is not less than 1300nm, and the transmittance of light less than this wavelength in the film layer is extremely high, greater than Light transmission at this wavelength is extremely low.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the transmittance value of the top glass and the back glass coated with the selective absorption optical film is not less than 0.85 for light with a wavelength of less than 1300nm, and is not greater than 0.15 for light with a wavelength of more than 1300nm.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the top glass and the back glass meet the requirements of the mechanical pressure of the photovoltaic module, and the thickness is between 3 mm and 20 mm.

As a preferred solution of the present invention, the PVB adhesive film has the characteristics of good light transmission, strong adhesion, good water resistance and oxidation resistance, and plays the role of bonding and fixing each layer structure of the assembly and sealing the assembly. The above PVB adhesive film can be replaced by other polymer films with the same characteristics.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The top glass of the crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module proposed by the present invention is coated with a layer of self-cleaning film, which greatly reduces the deposition and shielding of environmental dirt on the surface of the module during the use of the module, and uses selective absorption optical technology combined with crystalline silicon solar cells. For the wavelength range of photoelectric conversion, a selective absorption optical film is coated on the front and back glass of the module. The light selective absorption characteristics of the film match the wavelength range of the photoelectric conversion of the battery sheet, so that the sunlight part of the battery can generate electricity. It passes through and enters the battery layer with a large transmittance, while the remaining part of the wavelength light that can only heat the battery cannot pass through the film, and stays on the surface of the module through reflection and absorption and dissipates in the form of heat, increasing the solar energy that can be used for photoelectric conversion. Light can effectively reduce the temperature of solar cells, which is conducive to improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cells and prolonging the service life of solar cells. In practical application, the front and back sides of the glass used in the present invention are coated with a selective absorption characteristic film, combined with the selective absorption wavelength of sunlight by crystalline silicon solar cells, can significantly reduce the operating temperature of the cells in the module, and greatly improve the performance of the photovoltaic module. Comprehensive utilization efficiency.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module in Embodiment 1.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1 , the components provided by the specific implementation of the present invention include front self-cleaning film 101, selective absorption optical film 1021, top glass 103, PVB adhesive film adhesive layer 104 (upper PVB adhesive film 1041 and lower floor PVB adhesive film 1042), a solar battery sheet 105, a selective absorption optical film 1022, and a back glass 106 placed at the bottom.

The top layer of glass 103 is made of glass material that meets the requirements of mechanical pressure, and should play the role of light transmission and protection of solar cells. The side of the top glass 103 that receives sunlight is coated with a self-cleaning film 101 and a selective absorption optical film 1021 from top to bottom, wherein the self-cleaning film 101 has a self-cleaning function to reduce environmental stains deposited on the front of the module. The optical characteristics of the selective absorption optical film 1021 match the selective absorption characteristics of the cells in the module to sunlight, and it has the function of filtering out the light waves with a wavelength greater than 1300nm in the sunlight, that is, the light waves with a wavelength less than 1300nm have a very high transmittance in the film layer. High, the transmittance of light waves with a wavelength greater than 1300nm is extremely low. This design plays a role in reducing the battery operating temperature and improving efficiency.

The materials of each layer of the component are bonded by an adhesive layer 104. The adhesive material can use PVB adhesive film, or other types of adhesive films with good light transmission and strong sealing performance. The two-layer adhesive film material of the adhesive layer 104 Can be the same or different.

The back glass 106 is made of a glass material that meets the requirements of mechanical pressure, and plays the role of encapsulating and protecting the solar cells. A selective absorption optical film 1022 is coated on one side of the rear glass 106 , and its function is the same as that of the selective absorption optical film 1021 .

The solar cells 105 are crystalline silicon solar cells, which may be polycrystalline silicon cells or monocrystalline silicon cells.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are not drawn to scale for the convenience of illustration.

Embodiment one:

Conventional solar cell modules are usually composed of 60 (6×10) or 72 (6×12) 156mm×156mm cells. In this case analysis, 6×10 modules composed of 156mm×156mm polycrystalline silicon cells are used. The cells Chips can also use monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The spacing between adjacent columns of the battery array is 52mm, and the spacing between adjacent solar cells in the same column is 2mm. The adhesive layer 104 includes an upper PVB (Polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl butyral copolymer) film 1041 and a lower PVB film 1042 . The top layer of glass 103 is tempered glass with a thickness of 3.2 mm, coated with a self-cleaning film 101 and a selective absorption optical film 1021, wherein the transmittance of the coated selective absorption optical film 1021 to sunlight with a wavelength of less than 1300 nm is at least 0.85, The maximum light transmittance value with a wavelength greater than 1300nm does not exceed 0.15. The upper PVB adhesive film 1041 and the lower PVB adhesive film 1042 are hot-melt adhesive adhesive films. The back glass 106 is made of tempered glass made of the same material as the front glass 103 , with a thickness of 3.2 mm, and the coated selective absorption optical film 1022 has the same function as the selective absorption optical film 1021 .

It should be noted that the structures, preferred materials and the number of solar cells 105 mentioned in the analysis of this example are only for illustrative purposes. In practical applications, the selection of structures and materials and the number of solar cells 105 should not be limited to this.

As a preferred solution, the plurality of solar cells 105 can be connected in series and parallel. Further preferably, diodes may be connected in parallel between columns of the plurality of solar cells 105 to resist non-uniformity of the plurality of solar cells 105 .

The above-mentioned embodiments only illustrate the principles and effects of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be listed in the claims.

Claims (7)

1. A crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module, characterized in that, comprises top glass, PVB adhesive film, solar cell array and back glass; wherein the side of the top glass receiving sunlight is coated with a layer of self-cleaning film and a layer respectively Layer selective absorption optical film, the back glass is also coated with selective absorption optical film, and the PVB adhesive film bonds and fixes the top glass, the battery sheet and the back glass as a whole. 2. The crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, the self-cleaning film of the top glass is in contact with the atmosphere and has a self-cleaning function; the selective absorption optical film is located between the top glass and the self-cleaning film In between, it has the function of filtering out the light in the low-frequency band of sunlight. 3. The crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, the back glass, the film surface coated with the selective absorption optical film is in contact with the solar cell array, and the selective absorption optical film has a The filtering function of low-frequency band light in sunlight. 4. The crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, the wavelength of the low-frequency solar radiation that can be filtered out by the selective absorption optical film coated on the top glass and the back glass is not less than 1300nm, less than the The transmittance of light with a wavelength in the film layer is extremely high, and the transmittance of light greater than this wavelength is extremely low. 5. The crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, the transmittance value of the top glass and the back glass coated with the selective absorption optical film is not less than 0.85 for light with a wavelength of less than 1300nm, and for light with a wavelength greater than The light transmittance value at 1300nm is not greater than 0.15. 6 . The crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1 , wherein the top glass and the back glass meet the mechanical pressure requirements of the photovoltaic module, and the thickness is between 3 mm and 20 mm. 7. The crystalline silicon double-glass photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, the PVB adhesive film has the characteristics of good light transmission, strong adhesion, good water resistance and oxidation resistance, and plays a role in bonding And to fix the structure of each layer of the component and seal the component, the PVB adhesive film can be replaced by other polymer films with the same characteristics.