CN108166283A - 一种活性染料拔染印花工艺 - Google Patents
一种活性染料拔染印花工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108166283A CN108166283A CN201711462951.0A CN201711462951A CN108166283A CN 108166283 A CN108166283 A CN 108166283A CN 201711462951 A CN201711462951 A CN 201711462951A CN 108166283 A CN108166283 A CN 108166283A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- reactive dye
- dosage
- printing process
- sodium
- discharge printing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000000985 reactive dye Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000010018 discharge printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N divinyl sulfone Chemical compound C=CS(=O)(=O)C=C AFOSIXZFDONLBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HTSVYUUXJSMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound ClC1=NC=NC=N1 HTSVYUUXJSMGQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SAQSTQBVENFSKT-UHFFFAOYSA-M TCA-sodium Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl SAQSTQBVENFSKT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001062009 Indigofera Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- COEZWFYORILMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium 4-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 COEZWFYORILMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 alkene sulfone Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C1=NC=NC=N1 JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- UKTDQTGMXUHPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].S(O)(O)=O Chemical compound [Na].S(O)(O)=O UKTDQTGMXUHPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000001161 mammalian embryo Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000233855 Orchidaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000019256 formaldehyde Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960004279 formaldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OMRXVBREYFZQHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound ClC1=NC=NC(Cl)=N1 OMRXVBREYFZQHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Brilliant Blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 SGHZXLIDFTYFHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthraquinone Natural products CCC(=O)c1c(O)c2C(=O)C3C(C=CC=C3O)C(=O)c2cc1CC(=O)OC PYKYMHQGRFAEBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001045 blue dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M rongalite Chemical compound [Na+].OCS([O-])=O XWGJFPHUCFXLBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010186 staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P5/00—Other features in dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form
- D06P5/15—Locally discharging the dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/38—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using reactive dyes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
- D06P1/642—Compounds containing nitrogen
- D06P1/649—Compounds containing carbonamide, thiocarbonamide or guanyl groups
- D06P1/6491—(Thio)urea or (cyclic) derivatives
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/653—Nitrogen-free carboxylic acids or their salts
- D06P1/6533—Aliphatic, araliphatic or cycloaliphatic
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/673—Inorganic compounds
- D06P1/67333—Salts or hydroxides
- D06P1/6735—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341
- D06P1/67375—Salts or hydroxides of alkaline or alkaline-earth metals with anions different from those provided for in D06P1/67341 with sulfur-containing anions
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/58—Material containing hydroxyl groups
- D06P3/60—Natural or regenerated cellulose
- D06P3/66—Natural or regenerated cellulose using reactive dyes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711462951.0A CN108166283A (zh) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | 一种活性染料拔染印花工艺 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711462951.0A CN108166283A (zh) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | 一种活性染料拔染印花工艺 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN108166283A true CN108166283A (zh) | 2018-06-15 |
Family
ID=62519535
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711462951.0A Withdrawn CN108166283A (zh) | 2017-12-28 | 2017-12-28 | 一种活性染料拔染印花工艺 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN108166283A (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110004735A (zh) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-07-12 | 安徽职业技术学院 | 一种地色染料以及利用地色染料进行拔染印花的工艺 |
CN110965366A (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-07 | 华纺股份有限公司 | 一种亚硫酸钠防印印花糊料再利用方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0782674A (ja) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-28 | Daido Maruta Senko Kk | アセテートとセルロースを含む繊維製品の捺染方法 |
JPH08291480A (ja) * | 1995-04-19 | 1996-11-05 | Kanebo Ltd | 繊維構造物の捺染方法 |
CN1687521A (zh) * | 2005-03-21 | 2005-10-26 | 浙江理工大学 | 真丝绸涂料拔染印花拔染浆及其涂料拔活性的拔染印花工艺 |
CN102409556A (zh) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-04-11 | 宁波申洲针织有限公司 | 一种防止活性印花颜色撞色的方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-12-28 CN CN201711462951.0A patent/CN108166283A/zh not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0782674A (ja) * | 1993-09-13 | 1995-03-28 | Daido Maruta Senko Kk | アセテートとセルロースを含む繊維製品の捺染方法 |
JPH08291480A (ja) * | 1995-04-19 | 1996-11-05 | Kanebo Ltd | 繊維構造物の捺染方法 |
CN1687521A (zh) * | 2005-03-21 | 2005-10-26 | 浙江理工大学 | 真丝绸涂料拔染印花拔染浆及其涂料拔活性的拔染印花工艺 |
CN102409556A (zh) * | 2011-09-20 | 2012-04-11 | 宁波申洲针织有限公司 | 一种防止活性印花颜色撞色的方法 |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
---|
中国印染行业协会: "《印染行业染化料配制工(印花)操作指南》", 31 July 2007, 中国纺织出版社 * |
李晓春: "《纺织品印花》", 31 August 2002, 中国纺织出版社 * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110004735A (zh) * | 2019-03-01 | 2019-07-12 | 安徽职业技术学院 | 一种地色染料以及利用地色染料进行拔染印花的工艺 |
CN110965366A (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-07 | 华纺股份有限公司 | 一种亚硫酸钠防印印花糊料再利用方法 |
CN110965366B (zh) * | 2019-12-24 | 2022-07-12 | 华纺股份有限公司 | 一种亚硫酸钠防印印花糊料再利用方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN100560858C (zh) | 色纺织物的拔染方法及其使用的可拔性色纺纱 | |
CN102418294B (zh) | 一种具有印花、喷洒效果的牛仔布印染工艺 | |
CN105780554A (zh) | 一种彩色仿牛仔风格面料的生产方法 | |
CN105696380B (zh) | 一种可识别喷墨印花织物预处理均匀性的方法 | |
CN105803828A (zh) | 一种分散/活性同浆印花染料及其印花工艺 | |
CN108149494A (zh) | 一种活性染料印花工艺 | |
CN109853262B (zh) | 一种羊毛织物的酶处理方法和羊毛织物喷墨印花的方法 | |
CN101424053B (zh) | 染色方法 | |
CN106049115A (zh) | 一种喷墨拔染印花织物的制备方法 | |
CN102936854A (zh) | 一种适用于全棉织物活性染料印花的冷染直印工艺 | |
CN103938466A (zh) | 香云纱布拔印拔色的生产方法 | |
CN107476081A (zh) | 一种聚酯纤维‑纤维素纤维混合纺织品的染整工艺 | |
Maulik et al. | Painting on handloom cotton fabric with colourants extracted from natural sources | |
CN108166283A (zh) | 一种活性染料拔染印花工艺 | |
CN101880473A (zh) | 一种活性橙染料组合物 | |
EP1913195B1 (en) | Process for introducing vat dyes and chemicals into textiles | |
CN110438823A (zh) | 一种硫化靛蓝同浴染色组合物及同浴染色工艺 | |
KR101440280B1 (ko) | 결합염색방법 | |
CN103790045A (zh) | 一种纤维印染方法 | |
CN109322178A (zh) | 一种涤/纤维素纤维交织提花面料的染整加工方法 | |
CN108660800A (zh) | 一种活性染料彩色拔染印花工艺 | |
CN209368508U (zh) | 靛蓝染色设备 | |
CN103374839B (zh) | 纱布的一浴多色染色工艺 | |
CN108049209B (zh) | 一种活性数码印花浆料及其制备方法和应用 | |
Glover et al. | The Use of Disperse Dyes Containing Diester Groups and Fibre Reactive Dyes Containing Phosphonic Acid Reactive Groups to Produce New Discharge and Resist Printing Styles on Polyester, Cellulose and Polyester–Cellulose |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20190808 Address after: 201703 Shanghai city Qingpu District Songhua Road No. 881 Applicant after: SHANGHAI ANOKY GROUP CO., LTD. Applicant after: Yantai Anoky Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Applicant after: SHANGHAI ANOKY DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Applicant after: Dongying Annuoqi Textile Material Co., Ltd. Applicant after: Shanghai Shangyu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. Applicant after: Yantai Shangyu Digital Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 224631 North of Weiliu Road, Chenjiagang Town, Xiangshui County, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: JIANGSU ANOKY CHEMICAL CO., LTD. Applicant before: SHANGHAI ANOKY GROUP CO., LTD. Applicant before: SHANGHAI ANOKY DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD. Applicant before: Yantai Anoky Fine Chemical Co., Ltd. Applicant before: Dongying Annuoqi Textile Material Co., Ltd. |
|
TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20180615 |
|
WW01 | Invention patent application withdrawn after publication |