CN108156555A - A kind of train active noise reduction system and method - Google Patents
A kind of train active noise reduction system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108156555A CN108156555A CN201611095906.1A CN201611095906A CN108156555A CN 108156555 A CN108156555 A CN 108156555A CN 201611095906 A CN201611095906 A CN 201611095906A CN 108156555 A CN108156555 A CN 108156555A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
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- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of train active noise reduction systems and method, system to include：Noise Acquisition unit, noise processed unit, microphone, loud speaker and MVB bus.Microphone is mounted in the car body of train, for the noise signal in collecting vehicle body.The collected noise signal of microphone is transmitted to noise processed unit by Noise Acquisition unit by MVB bus.Noise processed unit is analyzed and is handled to collected noise signal, it is equal with noise signal to generate frequency, amplitude, the counteracting acoustic signals of opposite in phase, and the loud speaker being mounted in train body is controlled to generate reversed sound wave to reduce or offset the noise in car body.The present invention can effectively avoid increasing the own wt of car body and manufacture cost due to input excessive acoustic material, and carry out noise reduction to train body inside by active noise reduction mode.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of rail traffic, more particularly, to a kind of active noise reduction system applied to train and side
Method can realize train active noise reduction, be effectively prevented from the excessive acoustic material of input.
Background technology
Train during traveling, sound in compartment to the riding comfort of passenger and driver drive experience in terms of
Influence play very important effect.The main sound source of train can be divided into three main aspects：Dynamical system noise, machinery are made an uproar
Sound source and aerodynamic noise.The specific source of sound source includes Wheel/rail noise, impact noise, frictional noise, traction electric machine, ventilation
Aerodynamic noise etc. caused by the positions such as the noise of the equipment such as machine and compressor and train head, bogie, pantograph.Have big
Amount data shows that the Main Noise Sources of train are at wheel track, at pantograph when train operation is under 300km/h speed
Than more prominent, but the noise compared with wheel-rail noise at pantograph provides less noise energy.Therefore, in order to improve passenger
With the riding comfort of driver, the noise problem of interior is urgently to be resolved hurrily.
In the prior art, the noise reduction measure of train mainly embodies a concentrated reflection of the following aspects：
（1）First, using heavy, seamless process rail and relatively large radius curve circuit in track structure design；
（2）Secondly, body construction is improved and using shock damper using sound insulation, sound-absorbing material on vehicle；
（3）Finally, being reached in terms of reception is transmitted using measures such as laying sound absorption bridge floor, road surface and ceiling reduces train noise
Purpose.
In field of track traffic, for train body internally noise reduction process, the prior art mainly using by
Largely achieve the purpose that noise reduction using plastics, foam, silicon rubber or other materials on train body.In order to meet to increasingly carrying
High noise abatement level requirement needs more acoustic damping materials being mounted in car body, but excessive on train body
The own wt of car body and manufacture cost are also substantially increased while vehicle body noise is reduced using acoustic material.Together
When, train is during traveling, although the sound insulating and absorbing acoustic damping materials used in current car body have preferably high-frequency noise
Noise reduction, and most high-frequency noise can be eliminated, but for low frequencies such as wheel track vibrations, aerodynamic noise and tractive squeals
Noise still leverages the ride experience of passenger and driver without preferably elimination and processing method, these noises.
Therefore, it is currently urgently to study the level of noise in compartment how to be reduced on the basis of existing train noise-reducing design
The technical issues of with solving.
Invention content
In view of this, it the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of train active noise reduction system and method, can effectively avoid
Increase the own wt of car body and manufacture cost due to input excessive acoustic material, and by active noise reduction mode to train vehicle
Internal portion carries out noise reduction.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention specifically provides a kind of technology realization side of train active noise reduction system
Case, a kind of train active noise reduction system, including：Noise Acquisition unit, noise processed unit, microphone, loud speaker and MVB are total
Line.The Noise Acquisition unit is mounted in the car body of train, for acquiring the noise signal in the car body.The noise is adopted
Collect unit and connect the microphone, and collected noise signal is transmitted to the noise processed list by the MVB bus
Member.The noise processed unit is analyzed and is handled to the collected noise signal of Noise Acquisition unit, generation frequency,
Amplitude is equal with the noise signal, the counteracting acoustic signals of opposite in phase, and controls and be mounted on raising in the train body
Sound device generates reversed sound wave to reduce or offset the noise in the car body.
Preferably, the system also includes central control unit and WTB buses, the Noise Acquisition unit is by the Mike
The collected noise signal of wind is transmitted to the central control unit, then realize via the WTB buses by the MVB bus
Storage is transmitted and summarized to the train grade of noise data.
Preferably, the train includes compartment, both ends junction of the microphone arrangement in the compartment, the vehicle
Top in compartment and on the floor in the compartment.The microphone of both ends junction in the compartment is used to acquire institute
State the noise signal for the generation that rubs between compartment.It is used to acquire making an uproar for wheel track vibrations generation positioned at the microphone of the floor compartment
Acoustical signal.It is used to acquire in train traveling process since mechanical shock is transmitted to the compartment positioned at the microphone of compartment inner top
Interior noise signal.The Noise Acquisition unit connection is arranged in the microphone of the compartment everywhere, and the microphone collects
Noise signal be transmitted to the noise processed unit, the noise processed through the MVB bus by the Noise Acquisition unit
The loud speaker that unit control is arranged in the compartment generates reversed sound wave, and the noise data in the section compartment is total via the WTB
Line realizes the transmission of train grade and summarizes storage.
Preferably, the train includes driving room, and the microphone arrangement is used on the back for driving indoor seat
Noise signal in acquisition driver's seat region.
Preferably, the loudspeaker arrangement is in 50 °~70 ° of the front upper place of seat position, the train active noise reduction
After system starts, the Noise Acquisition unit comes from the noise near the seat by microphone acquisition in real time
Signal controls after wavelet de-noising and spectrum analysis and the loud speaker positioned at the seat front upper place is driven to generate reversed sound wave
To reduce the noise decibel value in driver's chair region.
Preferably, the noise processed unit further comprises noise reduction unit, spectral analysis unit and control unit, described
Noise Acquisition unit is carried out by the noise signal in the real-time collecting vehicle body of the microphone, noise signal through the noise reduction unit
Irregular HF noise signal is eliminated after wavelet transform process, the spectral analysis unit exports the noise reduction unit
Signal carries out the information attribute that spectrum analysis obtains noise signal, is believed the frequency spectrum of noise signal by the spectral analysis unit
Breath parameter is transmitted to described control unit, then controls the loud speaker according to the difference of spectrum information parameter by described control unit
Different sounding state so that the reversed sound wave that the loud speaker is sent out is overlapped with the noise in car body, after being superimposed
Acoustic information goes successively to the train active noise reduction system and is handled, until the noise level reached in car body reaches minimum
State.
Preferably, the high frequency that is generated in the train traveling process, low-frequency noise signal are through the absorbing sound and lowering noise material on car body
The most HF noise signal of material attenuation, the low-frequency noise signal that residue is mingled with a small amount of HF noise signal pass through the drop
Unit of making an uproar carries out wavelet transformation noise reduction process, rejects remaining low-frequency noise signal after HF noise signal.Remaining low-frequency noise letter
Spectrum analysis is carried out by the spectral analysis unit number again to identify in a series of basic sinusoidal signals and/or cosine signal
Amplitude reaches the noise frequency signal of certain amplitude, and then is controlled and described in by driving unit driving as described control unit again
Loud speaker generates the reversed sound wave opposite with the noise frequency signal phase that amplitude reaches certain amplitude, passes through the reversed sound wave
Superposition reduce the region noise level.
In addition the present invention also specifically provides a kind of technology realization side of the train active denoising method based on above system
A kind of case, train active denoising method, includes the following steps：
A）Noise Acquisition unit acquires the noise signal in the train body by microphone；
B）The collected noise signal of the microphone is transmitted to noise processed list by the Noise Acquisition unit by MVB bus
Member；
C）The noise processed unit is analyzed and is handled to collected noise signal, generates frequency, amplitude is made an uproar with described
Acoustical signal is equal, the counteracting acoustic signals of opposite in phase, and it is reversed that the loud speaker being mounted in the train body is controlled to generate
Sound wave is to reduce or offset the noise in the car body.
Preferably, the method is further comprising the steps of：
The collected noise signal of the microphone is transmitted to central control by the Noise Acquisition unit by the MVB bus
Unit, then realize that storage is transmitted and summarized to the train grade of noise data via WTB buses.
Preferably, the method further includes：
It is arranged on the floor of both ends junction in the compartment of the train, the top in the compartment and the compartment
The microphone；
The microphone of both ends junction in the compartment is used to acquire the noise signal for the generation that rubs between the compartment；
It is used to acquire the noise signal of wheel track vibrations generation positioned at the microphone of the floor compartment；
It is used to acquire in train traveling process since mechanical shock is transmitted in the compartment positioned at the microphone of compartment inner top
Noise signal；
The Noise Acquisition unit connection is arranged in the microphone of the compartment everywhere, the collected noise signal of microphone
The noise processed unit is transmitted to through the MVB bus by the Noise Acquisition unit, the noise processed unit controls cloth
It puts the loud speaker in the compartment and generates reversed sound wave, the noise data in the section compartment realizes train via the WTB buses
Storage is transmitted and summarized to grade.
Preferably, the method further includes：
The microphone is arranged on the back for driving indoor seat of the train, for acquiring the noise in driver's seat region
Signal.
Preferably, the loudspeaker arrangement is in 50 °~70 ° of the front upper place of seat position, when the train actively drops
It makes an uproar after system starts, by the microphone, acquisition comes from making an uproar near the seat to the Noise Acquisition unit in real time
Acoustical signal controls after wavelet de-noising and spectrum analysis and the loud speaker positioned at the seat front upper place is driven to generate reversed sound
Wave is to reduce the noise decibel value in driver's chair region.
Preferably, the step C）Further comprise procedure below：
C1）The Noise Acquisition unit is by the noise signal in the real-time collecting vehicle body of the microphone, and noise signal is through too small
Irregular HF noise signal is eliminated after wave conversion noise reduction process；
C2）The spectrum information parameter that spectrum analysis acquisition noise signal includes is carried out to the noise signal after noise reduction process to exist
Interior information attribute；
C3）The different sounding state of the loud speaker is controlled according to the difference of spectrum information parameter so that the loud speaker is sent out
Reversed sound wave be overlapped with the noise in car body, the acoustic information after being superimposed goes successively to the train active noise reduction system
System is handled, until the noise level reached in car body reaches minimum state.
Preferably, the train generates in the process in traveling high frequency, low-frequency noise signal is through the absorbing sound and lowering noise on car body
The most HF noise signal of material attenuation, the low-frequency noise signal that residue is mingled with a small amount of HF noise signal pass through small echo
Noise reduction process is converted, rejects remaining low-frequency noise signal after HF noise signal.Remaining low-frequency noise signal passes through frequency spectrum point again
Analysis identifies that amplitude reaches the noise frequency signal of certain amplitude in a series of basic sinusoidal signals and/or cosine signal, into
And control and the loud speaker is driven to generate the reversed sound wave opposite with the noise frequency signal phase that amplitude reaches certain amplitude,
The noise level in the region is reduced by the superposition of the reversed sound wave.
The train active noise reduction system and method provided by implementing the invention described above, has the advantages that：
（1）Present invention reduces to the vehicle-mounted increased requirement of absorbing sound and lowering noise material, only just can substantially be dropped by increasing a small amount of equipment
Noise in low compartment reduces the use of vehicle-mounted absorbing sound and lowering noise material while noise abatement level is improved, significantly reduces
Car body weight and manufacture cost；
（2）The present invention relies on the structure of existing train, it is only necessary to increase a small amount of mobile unit with regard to that can complete active noise reduction techniques
Covering ON TRAINS, the noise processing algorithm of train core are realized by software, relatively low to hardware cost requirement, can be realized more
Add flexible covering and cheaper cost；
（3）The present invention is applied to train active noise reduction field, and it is various right can also to be applied to mine car, bus and manufacturing shop etc.
The higher industry of live noise requirements while great economic benefit is generated, can more fully play the big region of sealing
The radiation covering effect of active noise reduction techniques.
Description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described.It should be evident that the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can be with
Other embodiments are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of system structure diagram of specific embodiment of train active noise reduction system of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of mounting structure schematic diagram of the specific embodiment of train active noise reduction system of the present invention in compartment；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of specific embodiment of train active noise reduction system of the present invention is driving indoor mounting structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the structural principle block diagram of noise processed unit in a kind of specific embodiment of train active noise reduction system of the present invention；
In figure：1- Noise Acquisition units, 2- noise processed units, 3- microphones, 4- loud speakers, 5- central control units, 6-
MVB bus, 7-WTB buses, 8- driving units, 9- seats, 10- trains, 11- noise reduction units, 12- spectral analysis units, 13- controls
Unit processed, 14- back, 20- compartments, 30- drive room.
Specific embodiment
For the sake of quoting and understanding, by the technical term hereinafter used, write a Chinese character in simplified form or abridge and be described below：
MVB：Multifunction Vehicle Bus, multifunctional train bus, be one kind be mainly used for have interoperability and
Serial data communications busses between the interconnection equipment of interchangeability requirement；
WTB：Wired Train Bus, wired train bus；
CCU：Central Control Unit, central control unit.
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention.Obviously, described embodiment is only
Only it is the part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field
All other embodiment that art personnel are obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
As shown in attached drawing 1 to attached drawing 4, the specific embodiment of train active noise reduction system and method for the present invention is given, under
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments in face.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of specific embodiment of train active noise reduction system, including：Noise Acquisition unit 1, noise processed
Unit 2, microphone 3, loud speaker 4 and MVB bus 6.Several microphones 3 are mounted in the car body of train 10, for collecting vehicle
Internal noise signal, microphone 3 further use pickup microphone.Noise Acquisition unit 1 is by 3 collected noise of microphone
Signal is transmitted to noise processed unit 2 by MVB bus 6.Noise processed unit 2 to collected noise signal carry out analysis and
Processing, generation frequency, amplitude are equal with noise signal, the counteracting acoustic signals of opposite in phase, and control and be mounted on 10 vehicle of train
Internal loud speaker 4 generates reversed sound wave to reduce or offset the noise in car body.
System still further comprises central control unit 5 and WTB buses 7, and Noise Acquisition unit 1 collects microphone 3
Noise signal central control unit 5 is transmitted to by MVB bus 6, then the train grade of noise data is realized via WTB buses 7
It transmits and summarizes storage, to provide data supporting for subsequent train noise research and the use of acoustic damping materials.
Train 10 further comprises compartment 20, and microphone 3 is further arranged in both ends junction, compartment 20 in compartment 20
On interior top and the floor in compartment 20, as shown in Figure 2.Wherein, the microphone of the both ends junction in compartment 20
3 for acquiring the noise signal for the generation that rubs between compartment 20.Microphone 3 positioned at 20 floor of compartment shakes for acquiring wheel track
The noise signal of generation.It is used to acquire in 10 traveling process of train due to mechanical shock positioned at the microphone 3 of 20 inner top of compartment
The noise signal being transmitted in compartment 20.The connection of Noise Acquisition unit 1 is arranged in the microphone 3 of compartment 20 everywhere, and microphone 3 is adopted
The noise signal collected is transmitted to noise processed unit 2 by Noise Acquisition unit 1 through MVB bus 6.Noise processed unit 2 controls
And the loud speaker 4 through 8 drive arrangement of driving unit in compartment 20 generates reversed sound wave, the noise data in the section compartment 20 via
WTB buses 7 realize the data transmission of train grade and summarize storage.The loud speaker 4 of train active noise reduction system can rely on compartment
The 20 existing stereo sets in inside.
Train 10 further comprises driving room 30, in order to build a quiet driving environment, headstock compartment to driver
Local active noise reduction is carried out to the room 30 that drives at both ends.It is relative complex that driver drives existing noise in room 30, pantograph, wheel
Rail, pneumatic and traction etc. are all noise source of the train 10 during traveling.In order to which that improves driver drives experience, need driving
It controls and the quiet region in a part is created in room 30.It is driving in room 30, further arrangement drives department in room 30 to two microphones 3
On the back 14 of engine base chair 9, for acquiring the noise signal in driver's seat region.As shown in Figure 3,4 further cloth of loud speaker
It puts in seat 9（Specially noise contributions are in the position of driver's human ear）60 ° of front upper place position（As shown in angle [alpha] in attached drawing,
50 °~70 ° ranges）, after train active noise reduction system is started to work, Noise Acquisition unit 1 is acquired in real time by microphone 3
Come from the noise signal near seat 9, controlled after wavelet de-noising and spectrum analysis and drive positioned at 9 front upper place of seat
Loud speaker 4 generates reversed sound wave to reduce driver's chair region（As shown in region A in attached drawing 3）Noise decibel value.
As shown in Figure 4, noise processed unit 2 further comprise the noise reduction unit 11 pre-processed to noise signal,
The spectral analysis unit 12 of spectrum analysis is carried out to noise signal and realizes the control unit 13 of noise reduction control.Noise Acquisition
Unit 1 carries out a wavelet transformation by the noise signal in 3 real-time collecting vehicle body of microphone, noise signal through noise reduction unit 11
Irregular HF noise signal is eliminated after processing, spectral analysis unit 12 carries out frequency spectrum to the signal that noise reduction unit 11 exports
Analysis obtains the information attribute of noise signal, and the spectrum information parameter of noise signal is transmitted to control by spectral analysis unit 12
Unit 13 processed, then controlled by the speaker drive program of control unit 13 according to the difference of spectrum information parameter and pass through driving list
Member 8（It is attached to be not shown in figure）Drive the speaker 4 works in different sounding states so that reversed sound wave that loud speaker 4 is sent out with
Noise in car body is overlapped, and the acoustic information after being superimposed goes successively to train active noise reduction system and handled, until
The noise level reached in car body reaches minimum state.In the technical solution of the specific embodiment of the invention, to noise data into
Explanation is introduced in the method for row pretreatment by taking wavelet de-noising as an example, and the method pre-processed to noise data can also use
Other noise-reduction methods are realized.In addition, in the technical solution of specific embodiment, analysis is carried out to noise and uses spectrum analysis
Method achievees the purpose that the high-energy noise signal portions in Division identification compartment 20, can also use common in signal processing
Time-domain analysis, frequency-domain analysis the methods of come realize Noise Identification analysis purpose.
Train 10 is decayed greatly in the high frequency generated in the process of advancing, low-frequency noise signal through the absorbing sound and lowering noise material on car body
Partial HF noise signal, the low-frequency noise signal that residue is mingled with a small amount of HF noise signal are carried out by noise reduction unit 11
Wavelet transformation noise reduction process rejects remaining low-frequency noise signal after HF noise signal.Remaining low-frequency noise signal passes through frequency again
Spectrum analysis unit 12 carries out spectrum analysis and identifies that amplitude reaches certain in a series of basic sinusoidal signals and/or cosine signal
The noise frequency signal of amplitude, and then controlled again by control unit 13 and pass through 8 drive the speaker 4 of driving unit and generated and amplitude
Reach the opposite reversed sound wave of the noise frequency signal phase of certain amplitude, making an uproar for the region is reduced by the superposition of reversed sound wave
Sound is horizontal.
Embodiment 1 gives a kind of detailed technology scheme of train active noise reduction system, and the system is by will be by microphone 3
Collected noise source signal is input to high speed processing chip by Noise Acquisition unit 1（That is noise processed unit 2）, pass through
Spectrum analysis to noise signal source, control driving unit 8 drive the speaker 4 generation frequency, amplitude are equal, phase difference 180
The counteracting acoustic signals of degree.Noise signal in 10 car body of train is sent out with control unit 13 by 8 drive the speaker 4 of driving unit
The noise signal that the amplitude that goes out is equal, can be effectively reduced after the Signal averaging of phase difference 180 degree and counteracting in car body
Decibel value.
Embodiment 2
A kind of specific embodiment of train active denoising method, includes the following steps：
A）Noise Acquisition unit 1 acquires the noise signal in 10 car body of train by microphone 3；
B）3 collected noise signal of microphone is transmitted to noise processed unit 2 by Noise Acquisition unit 1 by MVB bus 6；
C）Noise processed unit 2 is analyzed and is handled to collected noise signal, generates frequency, amplitude and noise signal phase
Deng, the counteracting acoustic signals of opposite in phase, and the loud speaker 4 being mounted in 10 car body of train is controlled to generate reversed sound wave to reduce
Or the noise in counteracting car body.
Train active denoising method is further comprising the steps of：
3 collected noise signal of microphone is transmitted to central control unit 5 by Noise Acquisition unit 1 by MVB bus 6, then
Storage is transmitted and summarized to the train grade for realizing noise data via WTB buses 7.
Train active denoising method further includes：
Mike is arranged on the floor of both ends junction in the compartment of train 10 20, the top in compartment 20 and compartment 20
Wind 3；
The microphone 3 of both ends junction in compartment 20 is used to acquire the noise signal for the generation that rubs between compartment 20；
Microphone 3 positioned at 20 floor of compartment is used to acquire the noise signal that wheel track vibrations generate；
It is used to acquire in 10 traveling process of train since mechanical shock is transmitted to compartment 20 positioned at the microphone 3 of 20 inner top of compartment
Interior noise signal；
The connection of Noise Acquisition unit 1 is arranged in the microphone 3 of compartment 20 everywhere, and collected noise signal is by Noise Acquisition unit
1 is transmitted to noise processed unit 2 through MVB bus 6, and noise processed unit 2 controls the loud speaker 4 being arranged in compartment 20 to generate instead
To sound wave, the noise data in the section compartment 20 realizes the transmission of train grade via WTB buses 7 and summarizes storage.
Train active denoising method further includes：
Cloth microphone 3 on the back 14 of seat 9 in room 30 is driven in train 10, for acquiring the noise in driver's seat region
Signal.
As a kind of preferable specific embodiment of the present invention, loud speaker 4 is further arranged in 60 ° of the front upper place of seat 8
（50 °~70 ° ranges）Position, after train active noise reduction system is started to work, Noise Acquisition unit 1 passes through microphone 3
Acquisition comes from the noise signal near seat 9 in real time, controls and is driven positioned at seat 8 after wavelet de-noising and spectrum analysis
The loud speaker 4 of front upper place generates reversed sound wave to reduce the noise decibel value in driver's chair region.
Step C）Further comprise procedure below：
C1）Noise Acquisition unit 1 passes through wavelet transformation by the noise signal in 3 real-time collecting vehicle body of microphone, noise signal
Irregular HF noise signal is eliminated after noise reduction process；
C2）The spectrum information parameter that spectrum analysis acquisition noise signal includes is carried out to the noise signal after noise reduction process to exist
Interior information attribute；
C3）According to the different sounding state of the different controlling loudspeakers 4 of spectrum information parameter so that loud speaker 4 is sent out reversed
Sound wave is overlapped with the noise in car body, and the acoustic information after being superimposed is gone successively at train active noise reduction system
Reason, until the noise level reached in car body reaches minimum state.
Train 10 is decayed greatly in the high frequency generated in the process of advancing, low-frequency noise signal through the absorbing sound and lowering noise material on car body
Partial HF noise signal, residue are mingled with the low-frequency noise signal of a small amount of HF noise signal by wavelet transformation noise reduction
Reason rejects remaining low-frequency noise signal after HF noise signal.Remaining low-frequency noise signal is again by spectrum analysis a series of
Identify that amplitude reaches the noise frequency signal of certain amplitude, and then controls and drive in basic sinusoidal signal and/or cosine signal
Dynamic loud speaker 4 generates the reversed sound wave opposite with the noise frequency signal phase that amplitude reaches certain amplitude, passes through reversed sound wave
Superposition reduce the region noise level.
The train active noise reduction system and method for specific embodiment of the invention description are by application ON TRAINS based on reversed
Sound wave is superimposed the active noise reduction techniques of noise reduction, can substantially reduce the low-frequency vibration noise in train body.It is of the invention specific real
It applies example and wavelet de-noising is used to noise signal data prediction.Train is in the advance high frequency generated in the process, low-frequency noise through vehicle
On absorbing sound and lowering noise material can decay significant portion of high-frequency noise, the low frequency that residue is mingled with a small amount of HF noise signal is made an uproar
Acoustical signal by wavelet de-noising reject it is remaining after high frequency section is substantially low-frequency noise, so as to subsequent noise analysis and
The generation of reversed sound wave.The specific embodiment of the invention analyzes the noise signal in car body using frequency spectrum analysis method,
Seem in mixed and disorderly compartment noise signal, by spectrum analysis it is a series of it is basic just（It is remaining）It is larger that amplitude is found out in string signal
Noise frequency signal, and then controlled by control unit, and pass through driving unit drive the speaker generate it is larger with the energy
The opposite reverse phase acoustic signals of noise signal, passing through the superposition of reversed sound wave reduces the noise level in the region.
By implementing the train active noise reduction system of specific embodiment of the invention description and the technical solution of method, can produce
Raw following technique effect：
（1）The train active noise reduction system and method for specific embodiment of the invention description, which reduce, increases vehicle-mounted absorbing sound and lowering noise material
The requirement added only by increasing a small amount of equipment with regard to noise in compartment can be greatly reduced, is dropped while noise abatement level is improved
The low use of vehicle-mounted absorbing sound and lowering noise material significantly reduces car body weight and manufacture cost；
（2）The train active noise reduction system and method for specific embodiment of the invention description rely on the structure of existing train, it is only necessary to
Increasing a small amount of mobile unit just can complete the covering of active noise reduction techniques ON TRAINS, the noise processing algorithm of train core by
Software is realized, relatively low to hardware cost requirement, can realize more flexible covering and cheaper cost；
（3）The train active noise reduction system and method for specific embodiment of the invention description are applied to train active noise reduction field,
The various industries higher to live noise requirements such as mine car, bus and manufacturing shop are can be applied to, are generating tremendous economic
While benefit, the radiation covering effect for sealing big region active noise reduction techniques can be more fully played.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, just to refer each other for identical similar portion between each embodiment.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not make limitation in any form to the present invention.Though
So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however is not limited to the present invention.It is any to be familiar with those skilled in the art
Member, in the case where not departing from the Spirit Essence of the present invention and technical solution, all using in the methods and techniques of the disclosure above
Appearance makes technical solution of the present invention many possible changes and modifications or is revised as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.Therefore,
Every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, technical spirit according to the present invention are made to the above embodiment any simple
Modification, equivalent replacement, equivalence changes and modification still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of train active noise reduction system, which is characterized in that including：Noise Acquisition unit（1）, noise processed unit（2）, wheat
Gram wind（3）, loud speaker（4）And MVB bus（6）；The microphone（3）Mounted on train（10）Car body in, for acquiring
State the noise signal in car body；The Noise Acquisition unit（1）By the microphone（3）Collected noise signal passes through described
MVB bus（6）It is transmitted to the noise processed unit（2）；The noise processed unit（2）Collected noise signal is carried out
Analysis and processing, generation frequency, amplitude are equal with the noise signal, the counteracting acoustic signals of opposite in phase, and control installation
In the train（10）Loud speaker in car body（4）Reversed sound wave is generated to reduce or offset the noise in the car body.
2. train active noise reduction system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The system also includes center control is single
Member（5）With WTB buses（7）, the Noise Acquisition unit（1）By the microphone（3）Collected noise signal passes through described
MVB bus（6）It is transmitted to the central control unit（5）, then via the WTB buses（7）Realize the train grade of noise data
It transmits and summarizes storage.
3. train active noise reduction system according to any one of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The train（10）
Including compartment（20）, the microphone（3）It is arranged in the compartment（20）Interior both ends junction, the compartment（20）Interior top
Portion and the compartment（20）Floor on；Positioned at the compartment（20）The microphone of interior both ends junction（3）For acquiring
The compartment（20）Between rub the noise signal of generation；Positioned at the compartment（20）The microphone on floor（3）For collection wheel
The noise signal that rail vibrations generate；Positioned at compartment（20）The microphone of inner top（3）For acquiring train（10）In traveling process
Since mechanical shock is transmitted to the compartment（20）Interior noise signal；The Noise Acquisition unit（1）Connection is arranged in described
Compartment（20）Microphone everywhere（3）, the microphone（3）Collected noise signal is by the Noise Acquisition unit（1）Through
The MVB bus（6）It is transmitted to the noise processed unit（2）, the noise processed unit（2）Control is arranged in the compartment
（20）Interior loud speaker（4）Reversed sound wave is generated, the section compartment（20）Noise data via the WTB buses（7）Realize row
Storage is transmitted and summarized to vehicle grade.
4. train active noise reduction system according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The train（10）Including driving room
（30）, the microphone（3）Room is driven described in being arranged in（30）Interior seat（9）Back（14）On, for acquiring driver's seat
The noise signal in region.
5. train active noise reduction system according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The loud speaker（4）It is arranged in described
Seat（9）50 °~70 ° of front upper place position, after the train active noise reduction system is started to work, the Noise Acquisition unit
（1）Pass through the microphone（3）Acquisition comes from the seat in real time（9）Neighbouring noise signal, by wavelet de-noising and frequency
It controls and is driven positioned at the seat after spectrum analysis（9）The loud speaker of front upper place（4）Reversed sound wave is generated to reduce driver's chair
The noise decibel value in region.
6. according to the train active noise reduction system described in any one of claim 1,2,4 or 5, it is characterised in that：The noise
Processing unit（2）Further comprise noise reduction unit（11）, spectral analysis unit（12）And control unit（13）, the Noise Acquisition
Unit（1）Pass through the microphone（3）Noise signal in real-time collecting vehicle body, noise signal is through the noise reduction unit（11）Into
Irregular HF noise signal, the spectral analysis unit are eliminated after row wavelet transform process（12）To the noise reduction unit
（11）The signal of output carries out the information attribute that spectrum analysis obtains noise signal, passes through the spectral analysis unit（12）It will make an uproar
The spectrum information parameter of acoustical signal is transmitted to described control unit（13）, then by described control unit（13）Joined according to spectrum information
Several differences controls the loud speaker（4）Different sounding state so that the loud speaker（4）The reversed sound wave and car body sent out
Interior noise is overlapped, and the acoustic information after being superimposed goes successively to the train active noise reduction system and handled, until
The noise level reached in car body reaches minimum state.
7. train active noise reduction system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The train（10）It is produced in traveling process
Raw high frequency, low-frequency noise signal are decayed most HF noise signal through the absorbing sound and lowering noise material on car body, and residue is mingled with
The low-frequency noise signal for having a small amount of HF noise signal passes through the noise reduction unit（11）Wavelet transformation noise reduction process is carried out, is rejected
Remaining low-frequency noise signal after HF noise signal；Remaining low-frequency noise signal passes through the spectral analysis unit again（12）It carries out
Spectrum analysis identifies that amplitude reaches the noise frequency letter of certain amplitude in a series of basic sinusoidal signals and/or cosine signal
Number, and then again by described control unit（13）It controls and passes through driving unit（8）Drive the loud speaker（4）Generation is reached with amplitude
The reversed sound wave opposite to the noise frequency signal phase of certain amplitude reduces the noise in the region by the superposition of reversed sound wave
It is horizontal.
8. a kind of train active denoising method, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A）Noise Acquisition unit（1）Pass through microphone（3）Acquire the train（10）Noise signal in car body；
B）The Noise Acquisition unit（1）By the microphone（3）Collected noise signal passes through MVB bus（6）It is transmitted to
Noise processed unit（2）；
C）The noise processed unit（2）Collected noise signal is analyzed and is handled, generate frequency, amplitude with it is described
Noise signal is equal, the counteracting acoustic signals of opposite in phase, and controls and be mounted on the train（10）Loud speaker in car body（4）
Reversed sound wave is generated to reduce or offset the noise in the car body.
9. train active denoising method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the method is further comprising the steps of：
The Noise Acquisition unit（1）By the microphone（3）Collected noise signal passes through the MVB bus（6）Transmission
To central control unit（5）, then via WTB buses（7）It realizes the train grade transmission of noise data and summarizes storage.
10. train active denoising method according to claim 8 or claim 9, which is characterized in that the method further includes：
In the train（10）Compartment（20）Interior both ends junction, the compartment（20）Interior top and the compartment
（20）Floor on arrange the microphone（3）；
Positioned at the compartment（20）The microphone of interior both ends junction（3）For acquiring the compartment（20）Between rub generate
Noise signal；
Positioned at the compartment（20）The microphone on floor（3）For acquiring the noise signal that wheel track vibrations generate；
Positioned at compartment（20）The microphone of inner top（3）For acquiring train（10）Since mechanical shock is transmitted in traveling process
The compartment（20）Interior noise signal；
The Noise Acquisition unit（1）Connection is arranged in the compartment（20）Microphone everywhere（3）, collected noise signal
By the Noise Acquisition unit（1）Through the MVB bus（6）It is transmitted to the noise processed unit（2）, the noise processed list
Member（2）Control is arranged in the compartment（20）Interior loud speaker（4）Reversed sound wave is generated, the section compartment（20）Noise data warp
By the WTB buses（7）It realizes the transmission of train grade and summarizes storage.
11. train active denoising method according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the method further includes：
In the train（10）Drive room（30）Interior seat（9）Back（14）The upper arrangement microphone（3）, for acquiring
The noise signal in driver's seat region.
12. train active denoising method according to claim 11, it is characterised in that：The loud speaker（4）It is arranged in institute
State seat（9）50 °~70 ° of front upper place position, after the train active noise reduction system is started to work, the Noise Acquisition list
Member（1）Pass through the microphone（3）Acquisition comes from the seat in real time（8）Neighbouring noise signal, by wavelet de-noising and
It controls and is driven positioned at the seat after spectrum analysis（9）The loud speaker of front upper place（4）Reversed sound wave is generated to reduce driver's seat
The noise decibel value in chair region.
13. according to the train active denoising method described in any one of claim 8,9,11 or 12, which is characterized in that the step
Rapid C）Further comprise procedure below：
C1）The Noise Acquisition unit（1）Pass through the microphone（3）Noise signal in real-time collecting vehicle body, noise signal
By eliminating irregular HF noise signal after wavelet transformation noise reduction process；
C2）The spectrum information parameter that spectrum analysis acquisition noise signal includes is carried out to the noise signal after noise reduction process to exist
Interior information attribute；
C3）The loud speaker is controlled according to the difference of spectrum information parameter（4）Different sounding state so that the loud speaker
（4）The reversed sound wave sent out is overlapped with the noise in car body, and the acoustic information after being superimposed goes successively to the train master
Dynamic noise reduction system is handled, until the noise level reached in car body reaches minimum state.
14. train active denoising method according to claim 13, it is characterised in that：The train（10）In traveling process
The high frequency of middle generation, low-frequency noise signal are decayed most HF noise signal through the absorbing sound and lowering noise material on car body, remaining
It is mingled with the low-frequency noise signal of a small amount of HF noise signal by wavelet transformation noise reduction process, is remained after rejecting HF noise signal
Remaining low-frequency noise signal；Remaining low-frequency noise signal is believed again by spectrum analysis in a series of basic sinusoidal signals and/or cosine
It identifies that amplitude reaches the noise frequency signal of certain amplitude in number, and then controls and drive the loud speaker（4）It generates and shakes
Width reaches the reversed sound wave of the noise frequency signal phase of certain amplitude on the contrary, and the area is reduced by the superposition of the reversed sound wave
The noise level in domain.
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