CN108155927B - Communication method and device - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
- H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
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- H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
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- H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application discloses a communication method and a communication device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the base station sends M training signals in N wave beam directions; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N; the base station receives a first random access message sent by a terminal, and determines the beam direction of the first random access message as a first beam direction of the terminal; the base station transmits a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method and apparatus.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communications, users of various types of mobile terminals are increasing, resulting in explosive growth of mobile internet and high-bandwidth data services. Mobile services are increasingly demanding spectral efficiency for wireless communications.
One way to improve the spectrum efficiency is a multi-antenna technique, that is, configuring multiple antennas for the base station, because the service data required by different user terminals in the cell of the base station are different, the base station can perform Beam Forming (BF) on the data carried by the service channel to obtain the service channel beams of different user terminals, and then directionally transmit the service channel beams to each user terminal by using the multiple antennas, thereby effectively utilizing the spatial irrelevancy of the channel.
In the prior art, when a base station carries out beam forming, the complexity is high, and the base station and a terminal cannot be self-adaptively aligned, so that the interference in a co-frequency spectrum or a frequency spectrum adjacent to the co-frequency spectrum or the frequency spectrum inside and around a covered cell is serious, and the quality of the frequency spectrum is poor.
Therefore, how to reduce the signal transmission interference of the distributed base station system and improve the spectrum quality is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a communication method and device, which are used for realizing the fact that a base station and a terminal cannot be self-adaptively aligned, reducing the complexity of beam forming of the base station, reducing signal transmission interference of the base station and improving the frequency spectrum quality.
The embodiment of the application provides a communication method, which comprises the following steps:
a terminal receives M training signals sent by a base station in N wave beam directions; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N;
the terminal determines a first beam direction according to the M training signals;
the terminal sends a first random access message to the base station in a first beam direction; and the terminal receives a first random access response message sent by the base station in the first beam direction.
A possible implementation manner that the terminal determines the first beam direction according to the M training signals includes:
the terminal determines the average signal quality of each beam direction in the N beam directions according to the M training signals;
and the terminal determines the beam direction with the best average signal quality in the N beam directions as the first beam direction.
A possible implementation manner that the terminal determines, according to the M training signals, an average signal quality of each beam direction in the N beam directions includes:
the terminal determines the received k signal qualities corresponding to k training signals in any beam direction of the N beam directions respectively, wherein k is a positive integer smaller than M;
and the terminal determines the average value or the weighted average value of the k signal qualities as the average signal quality or the weighted average signal quality of the corresponding beam direction.
A possible implementation manner that the terminal determines the first beam direction according to the M training signals includes:
the terminal determines the signal quality of each training signal in the M training signals to obtain M signal qualities;
and the terminal determines the beam direction corresponding to the training signal with the best signal quality in the M signal qualities as the first beam direction.
In one possible implementation, the signal quality is determined according to any one or more of a received power, a signal-to-noise ratio, and a carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the training signal.
In a possible implementation manner, after the terminal receives the first random access response message sent by the base station in the first beam direction, the method further includes:
the terminal sends an uplink data message to the base station in the first beam direction; or, the terminal receives the downlink data message sent by the base station in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, after the terminal sends the first random access message to the base station in the first beam direction, the method further includes:
if the terminal does not receive the first random access response message within a preset time threshold, resending the first random access message;
and if the terminal still does not receive the first random access response message of the base station after repeatedly sending the first random access message for F times, reselecting the base station for access, wherein F is a positive integer greater than 1.
In a possible implementation manner, after the terminal determines the first beam direction according to the M training signals, the method further includes:
the terminal determines a second beam direction according to the received K training signals sent in the N beam directions; the frame number of the wireless frame where the K training signals are located is behind the frame number of the wireless frame where the M training signals are located;
if the terminal determines that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the terminal sends a second random access message to the base station in the second beam direction; or,
if the terminal determines that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction and the signal quality in the first beam direction is less than a preset threshold, the terminal sends a second random access message in the second beam direction;
and the terminal receives a second random access response message sent by the base station in the second beam direction.
The embodiment of the application provides a communication device, the device includes:
a receiving and transmitting unit, configured to receive M training signals sent by a base station in N beam directions; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N;
a processing unit, configured to determine a first beam direction according to the M training signals;
the transceiver unit is configured to send a first random access message to the base station in a first beam direction; the receiving unit is further configured to receive a first random access response message sent by the base station in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit is specifically configured to:
determining an average signal quality for each of the N beam directions from the M training signals; determining a beam direction with the best average signal quality among the N beam directions as the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit is specifically configured to:
determining the received k signal qualities corresponding to k training signals in any beam direction of the N beam directions respectively, wherein k is a positive integer smaller than M; determining an average or weighted average of the k signal qualities as an average or weighted average signal quality for the corresponding beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit is specifically configured to:
determining the signal quality of each training signal in the M training signals to obtain M signal qualities; and determining the beam direction corresponding to the training signal with the best signal quality in the M signal qualities as the first beam direction.
In one possible implementation, the signal quality is determined according to any one or more of a received power, a signal-to-noise ratio, and a carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the training signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver unit is specifically configured to:
sending an uplink data message to the base station in the first beam direction; or, receiving a downlink data packet sent by the base station in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, if the transceiver unit does not receive the first random access response message within a preset time threshold, the transceiver unit retransmits the first random access message;
if the receiving and sending unit still does not receive the first random access response message of the base station after repeatedly sending the first random access message for F times, the processing unit reselects the base station for access, wherein F is a positive integer larger than 1.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit is specifically configured to:
determining a second beam direction according to the received K training signals sent in the N beam directions; the frame number of the wireless frame where the K training signals are located is behind the frame number of the wireless frame where the M training signals are located;
if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the transceiver unit is configured to send a second random access message to the base station in the second beam direction; receiving a second random access response message sent by the base station in the second beam direction; or,
if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction and the signal quality in the first beam direction is less than a preset threshold, the transceiver unit is configured to send a second random access message in the second beam direction; receiving a second random access response message sent by the base station in the second beam direction.
The embodiment of the application provides a communication method, which comprises the following steps:
m training signals sent by a base station in N wave beam directions; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N;
the base station receives a first random access message sent by a terminal, and determines the beam direction of the first random access message as a first beam direction of the terminal;
the base station transmits a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
In one possible implementation manner, after the base station sends a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction, the method further includes:
the base station receives an uplink data message sent by the terminal in the first beam direction; or
And the base station sends a downlink data message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the beam direction of the first random access message is the same as the beam direction of the training sequence of the radio frame in which the first random access message is located.
In one possible implementation manner, each of the M training signals includes a transmission frame number of the training signal, a frame number of a radio frame initially transmitted in a beam direction corresponding to the training signal, and a duration frame number of the beam direction corresponding to the training signal.
In one possible implementation manner, after the base station sends a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction, the method further includes:
the base station receives a second random access message sent by the terminal;
the base station determines the beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as a second beam direction of the terminal;
and if the base station determines that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the base station sends a second random access response message to the terminal in the second beam direction, and performs data transmission with the terminal in the second beam direction.
The embodiment of the application provides a communication device, the device includes:
a transceiving unit, configured to transmit M training signals in N beam directions; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N; receiving a first random access message sent by a terminal;
a processing unit, configured to determine a beam direction of the first random access message as a first beam direction of the terminal;
the transceiver unit is configured to send a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver unit is specifically configured to receive an uplink data packet sent by the terminal in the first beam direction; or, sending a downlink data message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the beam direction of the first random access message is the same as the beam direction of the training sequence of the radio frame in which the first random access message is located.
In one possible implementation manner, each of the M training signals includes a transmission frame number of the training signal, a frame number of a radio frame initially transmitted in a beam direction corresponding to the training signal, and a duration frame number of the beam direction corresponding to the training signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver unit is further configured to receive a second random access message sent by the terminal;
the processing unit is configured to determine a beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as a second beam direction of the terminal; if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the transceiver unit sends a second random access response message to the terminal in the second beam direction, and performs data transmission with the terminal in the second beam direction.
The present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer readable instructions, when the computer reads and executes the computer readable instructions, the computer executes the method described in any one of the above.
The embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which is connected to a memory and is configured to read and execute a software program stored in the memory, so as to implement the method in any one of the above possible designs.
In the embodiment of the application, a base station sends M training signals in N wave beam directions; the base station receives a first random access message sent by a terminal in a first beam direction; the first beam direction is determined by the terminal according to training signals received in the N beam directions; the base station transmits a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction. The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application realizes the self-adaptive beam alignment of the base station and the terminal, effectively reduces the complexity and the system overhead of beam forming, reduces the signal transmission interference in the cell interior or the peripheral frequency spectrum, and improves the frequency spectrum quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of communication in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Various aspects are described herein in connection with a user device and/or a network-side device. The network side device is, for example, a base station.
A user equipment, which may be a wireless terminal or a wired terminal, may refer to a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user, a handheld device having wireless connection capability, or other processing device connected to a wireless modem. A wireless Terminal, which may also be referred to as a system, a Subscriber Unit (Subscriber Unit), a Subscriber Station (Subscriber Station), a Mobile Station (Mobile), a Remote Station (Remote Station), an Access Point (Access Point), a Remote Terminal (Remote Terminal), an Access Terminal (Access Terminal), a User Terminal (User Terminal), a User Agent (User Agent), a User Device (User Device), or a User Equipment (User Equipment), may communicate with one or more core networks via a Radio Access Network (RAN, Radio Access Network).
A base station (e.g., access point) can refer to a device in an access network that communicates over the air-interface, through one or more sectors, with wireless terminals. The base station may be configured to interconvert received air frames and IP packets as a router between the wireless terminal and the rest of the access network, which may include an Internet Protocol (IP) network. The base station may also coordinate management of attributes for the air interface. For example, the Base Station may be a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in CDMA, a Base Station (NodeB) in WCDMA, or an evolved Node B (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB) in LTE, and the present application is not limited thereto.
In the embodiment of the present application, the base station may include an antenna array composed of a plurality of antenna elements. The shape of a radiation pattern of the antenna array for transmitting the radio-frequency signals can be adjusted by adjusting the weighted amplitude and the phase of the radio-frequency signals transmitted by each antenna array element in the antenna array, so that the directional signals can be transmitted to the terminal by enhancing the signals in the specific direction according to the specific direction of the terminal, and the interference is reduced.
Currently, beamforming is mainly performed for both the base station side and the terminal side. For the downlink direction, the base station sends a downlink beam training signal, the terminal measures the downlink beam training signal, selects the best base station sending beam direction, feeds back information related to the beam direction to the base station, and selects the corresponding best receiving beam direction to be stored locally. And in the uplink direction, the terminal sends an uplink beam training signal, the base station measures the uplink beam training signal, selects the optimal terminal sending beam direction, transmits information related to the beam direction to the terminal, and selects the corresponding optimal receiving beam direction to be stored locally. And after the directions of the uplink and downlink receiving and transmitting beams are trained, data transmission can be carried out. In the prior art, the optimal sending beam direction and receiving beam direction are selected, the base station needs to send training signals to the terminal frequently to complete the uplink and downlink receiving and sending beam training, the complexity of beam forming and the system overhead are large, and unnecessary resource waste is caused.
Therefore, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, as shown in fig. 1, including the following steps:
step 101: m training signals sent by a base station in N wave beam directions;
wherein M, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N;
step 102: the base station receives a first random access message sent by a terminal, and determines the beam direction of the first random access message as a first beam direction of the terminal;
step 103: the base station transmits a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
In this embodiment, the coverage area of the base station may include one or more terminals, and the base station may communicate with any terminal in the coverage area of the base station by performing the method flows in steps 101 to 103.
In step 101, a base station transmits M training signals in N beam directions, and at least one training signal is transmitted in each beam direction. The specific content of the training signal is not limited in this embodiment, for example, the training signal may be a pilot signal, or a cell reference signal, and is not described herein again.
In one possible implementation, the base station may transmit according to the following:
the M training signals corresponding to the N beam directions may be sent in a polling manner, and for any one of the N beam directions, the frame number for initially sending the beam direction and the number of the persistent frames in the beam direction may be determined according to actual needs. Each training signal in the M training signals comprises a transmission frame number of the training signal, a frame number of a wireless frame which is transmitted for the first time in a beam direction corresponding to the training signal and a continuous frame number in the beam direction corresponding to the training signal. For example, the base station may transmit training signals to 3 beam directions, from beam direction 1 at the K-th frame training signal to the K + 1-th frame training signal, from beam direction 2 at the K + 2-th frame training signal to the K + 5-th frame training signal, and from beam direction 3 at the K + 6-th frame training signal to the K + 9-th frame training signal. At this time, the number of the sustain frames of the beam direction 1 is 2 frames, the number of the sustain frames of the beam direction 2 is 4 frames, and the number of the sustain frames of the beam direction 3 is 4 frames. If the current moment is a K +3 th frame, according to the K +3 th frame training signal, the frame number which is sent for the first time in the beam direction 1 is the K th frame, the number of the continuous frames is 2 frames, the frame number which is sent for the first time in the beam direction 2 is the K +2 th frame, and the number of the continuous frames is 4 frames; the frame number sent for the first time in the beam direction 3 is a K +6 th frame, and the continuous frame number is 4 frames; the beam direction of the current frame K +3 may be determined to be beam direction 2 and the beam directions corresponding to the M training signals.
After step 101, the terminal determines a first beam direction according to the M training signals; the terminal sends a first random access message to the base station in a first beam direction;
a possible implementation manner that the terminal determines the first beam direction according to the M training signals includes:
step one, the terminal determines the average signal quality of each beam direction in the N beam directions according to the M training signals;
and step two, the terminal determines the beam direction with the best average signal quality in the N beam directions as the first beam direction.
In step one, a possible implementation manner includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the terminal determines a frame number for initial transmission in each beam direction in N beam directions and a continuous frame number in each beam direction in the N beam directions from the M training signals based on the M training signals;
step two: the terminal determines the signal quality of the training signal corresponding to each beam direction according to the frame number initially transmitted by each beam direction in the N beam directions and the continuous frame number of each beam direction in the N beam directions;
specifically, for any beam direction in the N beam directions, the terminal determines k signal qualities corresponding to k training signals, where the k training signals are training signals received by the terminal from the beam direction in the M training signals, and k is greater than 0 and smaller than M.
Step three: the average signal quality for each beam direction is determined based on the signal quality of the training signal for each beam direction.
In step three, in a possible implementation manner, the terminal determines an average value of the k signal qualities as an average signal quality of the beam direction.
In the embodiment of the present application, the signal quality is determined according to any one or more of a received power, a signal-to-noise ratio, and a carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the training signal. For example, the signal quality is a received power of the received training signal, or the signal quality is a signal-to-noise ratio of the received training signal, or the signal quality is a carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the received training signal, or the signal quality is a weighted value of at least two of the received power, the signal-to-noise ratio, and the carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the received training signal, and so on, which are not described herein again.
For example, the signal quality is taken as the received power of the received training signal. If the received powers of the 3 training signals received by the terminal in the beam direction 2 are: 6 mw, 4 mw, 7 mw, and 8 mw, the average received power in beam direction 2 is 6.25 mw, based on which the signal quality for each beam direction can be determined to be 6.25 mw.
In step three, one possible implementation manner includes:
and aiming at any beam direction in the N beam directions, the terminal determines k signal qualities corresponding to the k training signals and the frame number of a wireless frame of the k training signals.
For any training signal in the k training signals, the terminal weights the signal quality of the training signal by a weighted value corresponding to the frame number of the wireless frame of the training signal to obtain the weighted signal quality of the training signal; and the terminal determines the weighted average of the k signal qualities as the weighted average signal quality in the beam direction, the k training signals are the training signals received by the terminal from the beam direction in the M training signals, and k is greater than 0 and smaller than M.
For example, the signal quality is taken as the received power of the received training signal. If the receiving power of 4 training signals in the beam direction 2 received by the terminal is: the received power of the K +2 th frame is 6 mw, the received power of the K +3 th frame is 4 mw, the received power of the K +4 th frame is 7 mw, and the received power of the K +5 th frame is 5 mw, then the average signal quality in beam direction 2 can be determined according to a weighted average, e.g., the weighted value of the K +2 th frame is 0.1, the weighted value of the K +3 th frame is 0.2, the weighted value of the K +2 th frame is 0.3, the weighted value of the K +2 th frame is 0.4, and the weighted average signal quality in beam direction 2 is 5.5 mw. Based on the same manner, the weighted average signal quality corresponding to each beam direction of the N beam directions can be determined.
In step 102, one possible implementation includes:
the method comprises the following steps: the terminal determines the signal quality of the training signal corresponding to each beam direction according to the frame number and the continuous frame number which are sent for the first time and correspond to each beam direction of the N beam directions;
in a specific implementation process, the terminal can analyze the received M training signals one by one to determine the signal quality of the M training signals;
step two: and the terminal determines the first beam direction according to the signal quality of the M training signals.
In step two, one possible implementation may include:
the terminal determines the signal quality of each training signal in the M training signals to obtain M signal qualities;
and the terminal determines the beam direction corresponding to the training signal with the best signal quality in the M signal qualities as the first beam direction.
For example, the signal quality may specifically be a reception power value. If the terminal receives 4 training signals, and among the 4 training signals, the received power of a first training signal is 6 mw, the received power of a second training signal is 4 mw, the received power of a third training signal is 7 mw, and the received power of a fourth training signal is 8 mw, the terminal takes the beam direction corresponding to the fourth training signal as the first beam direction.
The signal quality may specifically be any one or any combination of received power, signal-to-noise ratio, and carrier-to-interference ratio.
And determining a training signal with the best signal quality according to any one or any combination of the receiving power, the signal-to-noise ratio and the carrier-to-interference ratio of the received signal received by the terminal, and taking the beam direction corresponding to the training signal as a first beam direction. In one possible implementation, after determining the first beam direction, the terminal sends a first random access message to the base station in the first beam direction. The first random access message may be a first message sent to the base station by a terminal association process, a re-association process, an initial access process, and a re-access process.
In one possible implementation manner, if the first beam direction is a beam direction corresponding to a training signal with the best signal quality among the M training signals, the beam direction is taken as the first beam direction, and a frame corresponding to the training signal is taken as a time when the terminal sends the first random access message to the base station.
For example, the signal quality is specifically a reception power value. If the terminal receives 4 training signals, and among the 4 training signals, the received power of a first training signal is 6 mw, the received power of a second training signal is 4 mw, the received power of a third training signal is 7 mw, and the received power of a fourth training signal is 8 mw, the terminal takes the beam direction corresponding to the fourth training signal as the first beam direction. And if the frame where the fourth training signal is located is the Kth frame, taking the Kth + Lxn frame as the time when the terminal sends the first random access message to the base station. And L is the continuous frame number of the complete beam direction sent by the base station, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 0.
In a possible implementation manner, if the terminal determines the average signal quality of each beam direction in the N beam directions according to the M training signals, and the terminal determines the beam direction with the best average signal quality in the N beam directions as the first beam direction, the terminal may use a frame corresponding to any training signal within the number of persistent frames corresponding to the first beam direction as a time when the terminal sends a first random access message to the base station; or,
the terminal may use a frame corresponding to a training signal with the best signal quality among the k training signals in the first beam direction as a time when the terminal transmits the first random access message to the base station.
For example, taking the signal quality as the received power of the received training signal as an example, if the received power of the training signal received by the terminal in the beam direction 2 is: 6 mw, 4 mw, 7 mw, 8 mw, the average received power in beam direction 2 is 6.25 mw. If it is determined that the average signal quality in the beam direction 2 is the best among the N beam directions, any one of the K +2+ L × N frame to the K +5+ L × N frame may be used as the time when the terminal transmits the first random access message to the base station. Or, the terminal uses a frame of a training signal corresponding to 8 milliwatts as a time when the terminal sends the first random access message to the base station. And L is the continuous frame number of the complete beam direction sent by the base station, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 0.
In a possible implementation manner, the terminal determines the weighted average signal quality of the beam direction by referring to any one of the N beam directions, and determines the weighted average of k signal qualities in any one beam direction as the average signal quality of the beam direction, and then takes a frame time of a corresponding training signal with the best weighted signal quality in the determined first beam direction as a time when the terminal transmits the first random access message to the base station.
For example, taking the signal quality as the received power of the received training signal as an example, if the received power of the training signal received by the terminal in the beam direction 2 is: the received power of the training signal of the K +2 th frame is 6 mw, the received power of the training signal of the K +3 th frame is 4 mw, the received power of the training signal of the K +4 th frame is 7 mw, and the received power of the training signal of the K +5 th frame is 5 mw. And if the average signal quality in the beam direction 2 is determined to be the best in the N beam directions, taking the K +5+ L x N frame as the time when the terminal sends the first random access message to the base station. And L is the continuous frame number of the complete beam direction sent by the base station, and n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 0.
In step 105, the beam direction of the first random access message is the same as the beam direction of the training sequence of the radio frame in which the first random access message is located. Therefore, the base station may determine the beam direction in which the terminal selects to access the base station according to the beam direction in which the first random access message is located.
In step 106, the base station responds to the first random access message, confirms that the terminal can access the base station in the first beam direction where the first random access message is located, and sends the first random access response message to the terminal.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application realizes the self-adaptive beam alignment of the base station and the terminal, reduces the signal transmission interference in the cell or the peripheral frequency spectrum, and improves the frequency spectrum quality.
After the terminal receives the first random access response message, the base station establishes a communication process with the terminal, and performs data transmission with the base station in the first beam direction to perform data message receiving and sending. In one possible implementation manner, after the base station sends a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction, the method further includes:
the base station receives an uplink data message sent by the terminal in the first beam direction; or
And the base station sends a downlink data message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
The base station can determine a beam forming parameter corresponding to a first beam direction according to the beam direction corresponding to a first random access message sent by a terminal. The beamforming parameter is specifically a weight coefficient of an amplitude and/or a phase of each antenna array element transmission signal when the base station performs beamforming on the terminal. Since the method for calculating the beamforming parameters belongs to the prior art, the calculation process thereof is not described in detail herein.
And then, the base station carries out beam forming on the downlink data of the terminal according to the beam forming parameters of the terminal, and sends the downlink data after beam forming to the terminal.
Specifically, one possible implementation manner is that the base station performs beamforming on the downlink data of the terminal according to the beamforming parameters of the terminal, forms multi-antenna data matched with each antenna of the base station in manners of discrete fourier transform, cyclic prefix addition processing and the like, and sends the processed downlink data message of the terminal to the terminal.
In a possible implementation manner, after the terminal receives the first random access response message sent by the base station in the first beam direction, the method further includes:
the terminal receives a downlink data message sent by the base station in the first beam direction; or
And the terminal sends an uplink data message to the base station in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, after the terminal sends the first random access message to the base station in the first beam direction, the method further includes:
if the terminal does not receive the first random access response message within a preset time threshold, resending the first random access message;
the terminal does not receive the first random access response message of the base station after repeatedly sending the first random access message for F times, and reselects the base station for access; said F is greater than 1.
The preset time threshold value can be determined according to the actual application scene and the actual requirement.
In a specific implementation process, the method for the terminal to reselect the base station for access may be to reinitiate access according to a preset condition until the system selects another base station for access to the service, where the preset condition includes a backoff time window length, a random factor, and the like, and is not described herein again.
In this embodiment of the present application, in a possible implementation manner, after the base station sends a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction, the terminal receives M training signals in N beam directions sent by the base station in real time, and if it is determined that a beam direction corresponding to the best signal quality changes, the terminal sends a random access message to the base station in the beam direction corresponding to the best signal quality again.
In the specific implementation process, the method can comprise the following steps:
step one, the terminal determines a second beam direction according to K training signals sent by N received beam directions; the frame number of the wireless frame where the K training signals are located is behind the frame number of the wireless frame where the M training signals are located; k is a positive integer greater than 1;
the method for determining the second beam direction is the same as the method for determining the first beam direction, and is not described herein again.
And step two, if the terminal determines that the beam direction corresponding to the best signal quality changes, the terminal sends a random access message to the base station in the reselected beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the terminal sends a second random access message in the second beam direction;
in a possible implementation manner, if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction and the signal quality in the first beam direction is less than a preset threshold, the terminal sends a second random access message in the second beam direction;
the preset threshold value can be determined according to an actual application scenario and actual needs.
Step three, the terminal sends a second random access message;
step four, the base station determines the beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as the second beam direction of the terminal, and sends a second random access response message to the terminal in the second beam direction;
and step five, the terminal receives the second random access response message and performs data transmission with the base station in the second beam direction.
As shown in fig. 2, an architecture diagram of a communication method is provided in the embodiment of the present application. The base station in the communication method comprises 2 beam directions, beam direction 1 and beam direction 2. A possible implementation manner, in which the terminal 0 accesses the base station, specifically includes the following steps:
step one, a base station sends 3 training signals in 2 wave beam directions in a broadcasting mode;
step two, the terminal 0 determines that the base station includes a beam direction 1 and a beam direction 2 according to any one of the 3 training signals received in the 2 beam directions, and the frame number of the initial transmission in the beam direction 1 is a kth frame, and the continuous frame number is 1 frame; the frame number of the initial transmission in the beam direction 2 is a K +1 th frame, and the continuous frame number is 2 frames;
step three, the terminal 0 determines a first beam direction according to the signal quality of the 3 training signals;
step four, the terminal 0 sends a first random access message to the base station in the first beam direction;
and the terminal 0 determines the 3 training signals to be a first training signal, a second training signal and a third training signal. The first training signal corresponds to a beam direction 1 and corresponds to a Kth frame; the second training signal corresponds to a beam direction 2 and corresponds to a K +1 th frame; the third training signal corresponds to a beam direction 2 and corresponds to a K +2 th frame.
If the terminal 0 determines that the signal quality of the first training signal is the best, the beam direction 1 is determined as the first beam direction, and a first random access message is sent to the base station on a K +3n frame, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 0.
If the terminal 0 determines that the average signal quality of the second training signal and the third training signal in the beam direction 2 is greater than the signal quality of the first training signal corresponding to the beam direction 1, it may send a first random access message to the base station on a (K +1+3 n) th frame or a (K +2+3 n) th frame; or, if it is determined that the average signal quality of the second training signal and the third training signal in the beam direction 2 is greater than the signal quality of the first training signal corresponding to the beam direction 1 and it is determined that the signal quality of the second training signal is greater than the signal quality of the third training signal, transmitting the first random access message to the base station on the K +2+3 n-th frame.
If the terminal 0 determines that the average signal quality of the second training signal and the third training signal in the beam direction 2 is greater than the weighted signal quality of the first training signal corresponding to the beam direction 1, and the weighted signal quality value of the 2 training signals in the beam direction 2 is the largest in the K +2 frame, the terminal 0 sends a first random access message to the base station in the K +2+3n frame.
Step five, the base station receives the random access message sent by the terminal 0 in the first beam direction;
step six, the base station sends a random access response message to the terminal 0 in the first beam direction.
And the base station carries out beam forming processing on the downlink data of each terminal according to the beam forming parameters of each terminal obtained by the calculation to form multi-antenna data, and only transmits the downlink data of the common channel and the terminal 0 in the downlink channel corresponding to the first beam direction.
Step seven, if the terminal 0 receives the first random access response message sent by the base station in the first beam direction, step eight is executed; if the terminal 0 does not receive the first random access response message within a preset time threshold, resending the first random access message; and if the terminal 0 still does not receive the first random access response message of the base station after repeatedly sending the first random access message for F times, reselecting the base station for access.
And step eight, the terminal 0 performs data transmission with the base station in the first beam direction.
Step nine, the terminal 0 determines the second beam direction according to the received K training signals sent in the N beam directions.
Step ten, if the terminal 0 determines that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the terminal 0 sends a second random access message in the second beam direction; or, if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction and the signal quality in the first beam direction is less than a preset second threshold, the terminal 0 sends a second random access message in the second beam direction.
Step eleven, the base station receives a second random access message sent by the terminal 0, determines a beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as a second beam direction of the terminal 0, and sends a second random access response message to the terminal 1 in the second beam direction.
And step twelve, the terminal 0 and the base station transmit data in the second beam direction.
A possible implementation manner, in which the terminal 1 accesses the base station, includes the following steps:
step one, a base station sends 3 training signals in 2 wave beam directions in a broadcasting mode;
step two, the terminal 1 determines that the base station includes a beam direction 1 and a beam direction 2 according to any one of the 3 training signals received in the 2 beam directions, and the frame number of the initial transmission in the beam direction 1 is a kth frame, and the continuous frame number is 1 frame; the frame number of the initial transmission in the beam direction 2 is a K +1 th frame, and the continuous frame number is 2 frames;
step three, the terminal 1 determines a first beam direction according to the signal quality of the 3 training signals;
step four, the terminal 1 sends a first random access message to the base station in the first beam direction;
the terminal 1 determines that the 3 training signals are a first training signal, a second training signal and a third training signal. The first training signal corresponds to a beam direction 1 and corresponds to a Kth frame; the second training signal corresponds to a beam direction 2 and corresponds to a K +1 th frame; the third training signal corresponds to a beam direction 2 and corresponds to a K +2 th frame.
If the terminal 1 determines that the signal quality of the third training signal is the best, the beam direction 2 is determined to be the first beam direction, and a first random access message is sent to the base station on a K +3+3n frame, where n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 0.
If the terminal 1 determines that the average signal quality of the second training signal and the third training signal in the beam direction 2 is greater than the signal quality of the first training signal corresponding to the beam direction 1, the terminal may send a first random access message to the base station on a (K +1+ 3) th frame or a (K +2+ 3) th frame; or, if it is determined that the average signal quality of the second training signal and the third training signal in the beam direction 2 is greater than the signal quality of the first training signal corresponding to the beam direction 1 and it is determined that the signal quality of the second training signal is greater than the signal quality of the third training signal, transmitting the first random access message to the base station on the K +2+3 n-th frame.
If the terminal 1 determines that the average signal quality of the second training signal and the third training signal in the beam direction 2 is greater than the weighted signal quality of the first training signal corresponding to the beam direction 1, and the weighted signal quality value of the 2 training signals in the beam direction 2 is the largest in the K +2 frame, the terminal 1 sends a first random access message to the base station on the K +2+3n frame.
Step five, the base station receives the random access message sent by the terminal 1 in the first wave beam direction;
step six, the base station sends a random access response message to the terminal 1 in the first beam direction.
And the base station carries out beam forming processing on the downlink data of each terminal according to the beam forming parameters of each terminal obtained by the calculation to form multi-antenna data, and only transmits the downlink data of the common channel and the terminal 0 in the downlink channel corresponding to the first beam direction.
Step seven, if the terminal 1 receives the first random access response message sent by the base station in the first beam direction, step eight is executed; if the terminal 1 does not receive the first random access response message within a preset time threshold, resending the first random access message; and if the terminal 1 still does not receive the first random access response message of the base station after repeatedly sending the first random access message for F times, reselecting the base station for access.
And step eight, the terminal 1 performs data transmission with the base station in the first beam direction.
And step nine, the terminal 1 receives K training signals sent in the N wave beam directions and determines a second wave beam direction.
Step ten, if the terminal 1 determines that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the terminal 1 sends a second random access message in the second beam direction; or, if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction and the signal quality in the first beam direction is less than a preset second threshold, the terminal 1 sends a second random access message in the second beam direction.
Step eleven, the base station receives a second random access message sent by the terminal 1, determines a beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as a second beam direction of the terminal 1, and sends a second random access response message to the terminal 1 in the second beam direction.
And step twelve, the terminal 1 and the base station transmit data in the second beam direction.
As shown in fig. 3, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for communication, where the apparatus includes:
a transceiver unit 301, configured to receive M training signals sent by a base station in N beam directions; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N;
a processing unit 302, configured to determine a first beam direction according to the M training signals;
a transceiving unit 301, configured to transmit a first random access message to the base station in a first beam direction; the receiving unit is further configured to receive a first random access response message sent by the base station in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 302 is specifically configured to:
determining an average signal quality for each of the N beam directions from the M training signals; determining a beam direction with the best average signal quality among the N beam directions as the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 302 is specifically configured to:
determining the received k signal qualities corresponding to k training signals in any beam direction of the N beam directions respectively, wherein k is a positive integer smaller than M; determining an average or weighted average of the k signal qualities as an average or weighted average signal quality for the corresponding beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 302 is specifically configured to:
determining the signal quality of each training signal in the M training signals to obtain M signal qualities; and determining the beam direction corresponding to the training signal with the best signal quality in the M signal qualities as the first beam direction.
In one possible implementation, the signal quality is determined according to any one or more of a received power, a signal-to-noise ratio, and a carrier-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the training signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver unit 301 is specifically configured to send an uplink data packet to the base station in the first beam direction; or, receiving a downlink data packet sent by the base station in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, if the transceiver unit 301 does not receive the first random access response message within a preset time threshold, it retransmits the first random access message;
if the first random access response message of the base station is still not received after the transceiver unit 301 repeatedly sends the first random access message F times, the processing unit 302 reselects the base station for access, where F is a positive integer greater than 1.
In a possible implementation manner, the processing unit 302 is specifically configured to:
determining a second beam direction according to the received K training signals sent in the N beam directions; the frame number of the wireless frame where the K training signals are located is behind the frame number of the wireless frame where the M training signals are located;
if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the transceiver unit 301 is configured to send a second random access message to the base station in the second beam direction; receiving a second random access response message sent by the base station in the second beam direction; or,
if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction and the signal quality in the first beam direction is less than a preset threshold, the transceiver unit 301 is configured to send a second random access message in the second beam direction; receiving a second random access response message sent by the base station in the second beam direction.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for communication, where the apparatus includes:
a transceiver unit 401, configured to transmit M training signals in N beam directions; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N; receiving a first random access message sent by a terminal;
a processing unit 402, configured to determine a beam direction of the first random access message as a first beam direction of the terminal;
a transceiver unit 401, configured to send a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver unit 401 is specifically configured to: receiving an uplink data message sent by the terminal in the first beam direction; or, sending a downlink data message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
In a possible implementation manner, the beam direction of the first random access message is the same as the beam direction of the training sequence of the radio frame in which the first random access message is located.
In one possible implementation manner, each of the M training signals includes a transmission frame number of the training signal, a frame number of a radio frame initially transmitted in a beam direction corresponding to the training signal, and a duration frame number of the beam direction corresponding to the training signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the transceiver unit 401 is further configured to receive a second random access message sent by the terminal;
a processing unit 402, configured to determine a beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as a second beam direction of the terminal; if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the transceiver unit 401 sends a second random access response message to the terminal in the second beam direction, and performs data transmission with the terminal in the second beam direction.
The present application provides a computer program product, which includes computer readable instructions, when the computer reads and executes the computer readable instructions, the computer executes the method described in any one of the above.
The embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which is connected to a memory and is configured to read and execute a software program stored in the memory, so as to implement the method in any one of the above possible designs.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart block or blocks and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A method of communication, the method comprising:
the base station sends M training signals in N wave beam directions in a broadcasting mode; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N; m training signals corresponding to the N wave beam directions are transmitted in a polling mode; each of the M training signals lasts at least 1 radio frame;
the base station receives a first random access message sent by a terminal, and determines the beam direction of a wireless frame where the first random access message is located as a first beam direction of the terminal; the beam direction of the first random access message is determined by the terminal according to the M training signals;
the base station transmits a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after the base station transmits a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction, the method further comprises:
the base station receives an uplink data message sent by the terminal in the first beam direction; or
And the base station sends a downlink data message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the beam direction of the first random access message is the same as the beam direction of the training sequence of the radio frame in which the first random access message is located.
4. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein each of the M training signals comprises a transmission frame number of the training signal, a frame number of a first transmitted radio frame of the training signal corresponding to the beam direction, and a duration frame number of the training signal corresponding to the beam direction.
5. The method according to any of claims 1-3, wherein after the base station transmits a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction, the method further comprises:
the base station receives a second random access message sent by the terminal;
the base station determines the beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as a second beam direction of the terminal;
and if the base station determines that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the base station sends a second random access response message to the terminal in the second beam direction, and performs data transmission with the terminal in the second beam direction.
6. An apparatus for communication, the apparatus comprising:
a transceiving unit, configured to transmit M training signals in N beam directions in a broadcast manner; m, N is a positive integer greater than 1, and M is greater than or equal to N; receiving a first random access message sent by a terminal; m training signals corresponding to the N wave beam directions are transmitted in a polling mode; each of the M training signals lasts at least 1 radio frame;
a processing unit, configured to determine a beam direction of a wireless frame in which the first random access message is located as a first beam direction of the terminal; the beam direction of the first random access message is determined by the terminal according to the M training signals;
the transceiver unit is configured to send a first random access response message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the transceiver unit is specifically configured to:
receiving an uplink data message sent by the terminal in the first beam direction; or
And sending a downlink data message to the terminal in the first beam direction.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the beam direction of the first random access message is the same as a beam direction of a training sequence of a radio frame in which the first random access message is located.
9. The apparatus of any of claims 6-8, wherein each of the M training signals comprises a transmission frame number of the training signal, a frame number of a first transmitted radio frame of the training signal corresponding to the beam direction, and a duration frame number of the training signal corresponding to the beam direction.
10. The apparatus according to any of claims 6-8, wherein the transceiver unit is further configured to:
receiving a second random access message sent by the terminal;
the processing unit is configured to determine a beam direction corresponding to the second random access message as a second beam direction of the terminal; if it is determined that the second beam direction is different from the first beam direction, the transceiver unit sends a second random access response message to the terminal in the second beam direction, and performs data transmission with the terminal in the second beam direction.
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| CN201711276946.0A CN108155927B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Communication method and device |
| PCT/CN2018/073485 WO2019109483A1 (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2018-01-19 | Communication method and device |
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| CN108155927A (en) | 2018-06-12 |
| WO2019109483A1 (en) | 2019-06-13 |
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