CN108134420A - A kind of charger for electric bicycle monitoring system and its power-off method - Google Patents
A kind of charger for electric bicycle monitoring system and its power-off method Download PDFInfo
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0031—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using battery or load disconnect circuits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
- H02H7/18—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for batteries; for accumulators
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- H02J7/0086—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开的电动自行车充电器监测系统，包括相互连接的电流监测模块和通断模块，电流监测模块和通断模块上共同连接有供电模块；电流监测模块包括依次连接的电流传感器、电压比较器和单片机；通断模块包括依次连接的光电耦合器和继电器，光电耦合器通过导线连接至单片机；供电模块包括相互连接的5V稳压芯片和3.3V稳压芯片，5V稳压芯片分别通过导线连接至电流传感器、电压比较器和继电器，3.3V稳压芯片分别通过导线连接至电压比较器和单片机。本发明电动自行车充电器监测系统，通过电流监测模块判断并驱动断电模块是否开启或断开充电，实现对电动车充电器是否充电的自动控制，可以直接断开电动车充电器和充电电池的电源。
The electric bicycle charger monitoring system disclosed by the present invention includes a current monitoring module and an on-off module connected to each other, and a power supply module is connected to the current monitoring module and the on-off module; the current monitoring module includes a current sensor and a voltage comparator connected in sequence and a single-chip microcomputer; the on-off module includes a photocoupler and a relay connected in sequence, and the photocoupler is connected to the single-chip microcomputer through a wire; the power supply module includes a 5V voltage regulator chip and a 3.3V voltage regulator chip connected to each other, and the 5V voltage regulator chip is connected through a wire To the current sensor, the voltage comparator and the relay, the 3.3V regulator chip is connected to the voltage comparator and the microcontroller through wires respectively. The electric bicycle charger monitoring system of the present invention judges and drives the power-off module whether to turn on or disconnect the charging through the current monitoring module, realizes automatic control of whether the electric vehicle charger is charged, and can directly disconnect the electric vehicle charger and the rechargeable battery power supply.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于电池管理系统技术领域，具体涉及一种电动自行车充电器监测系统，本发明还涉及利用该电动自行车充电器监测系统断电的方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of battery management systems, and in particular relates to a monitoring system for an electric bicycle charger, and also relates to a power-off method using the monitoring system for an electric bicycle charger.
背景技术Background technique
目前，电池充电监测及充电安全技术发展迅速，对于大规模锂电池的保护概念早已发展，但相对于单个个体的电动自行车电池的保护明显不足，电动车的老化和淘汰往往是由于电池的老化及其损坏造成的。现有的电动车充电器虽有充电完成的提示，但仍要求人工除去电源以达到保护电池和降低耗能的效果，但现实使用的电动车充电系统往往难以做到及时断电和监测。这就加速了电池的损坏，影响电池的使用寿命并造成能源浪费，甚至引发火灾。At present, battery charging monitoring and charging safety technologies are developing rapidly, and the concept of protection for large-scale lithium batteries has already been developed. However, compared with the protection of individual electric bicycle batteries, the aging and elimination of electric vehicles are often due to the aging and caused by its damage. Although the existing electric vehicle charger has a prompt of charging completion, it still requires manual removal of the power supply to protect the battery and reduce energy consumption. However, it is often difficult to cut off the power and monitor it in time in the actual use of the electric vehicle charging system. This accelerates the damage of the battery, affects the service life of the battery and causes energy waste, and even causes a fire.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种电动自行车充电器监测系统，解决了现有电动自行车充电器不能自动断电的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring system for electric bicycle chargers, which solves the problem that the existing electric bicycle chargers cannot automatically cut off the power.
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述电动自行车充电器监测系统断电的方法。Another object of the present invention is to provide a power-off method for the electric bicycle charger monitoring system.
本发明所采用的第一种技术方案是：一种电动自行车充电器监测系统，包括相互连接的电流监测模块和通断模块，电流监测模块和通断模块上共同连接有供电模块；The first technical solution adopted in the present invention is: an electric bicycle charger monitoring system, including a current monitoring module and an on-off module connected to each other, and a power supply module is connected to the current monitoring module and the on-off module;
电流监测模块包括依次连接的电流传感器、电压比较器和单片机；通断模块包括依次连接的光电耦合器和继电器，光电耦合器通过导线连接至单片机；供电模块包括相互连接的5V稳压芯片和3.3V稳压芯片，5V稳压芯片分别通过导线连接至电流传感器、电压比较器、光电耦合器和继电器，3.3V稳压芯片分别通过导线连接至电压比较器和单片机。The current monitoring module includes a current sensor, a voltage comparator and a microcontroller connected in sequence; the on-off module includes a photocoupler and a relay connected in sequence, and the photocoupler is connected to the microcontroller through a wire; the power supply module includes a 5V regulator chip connected to each other and a 3.3 The V voltage regulator chip and the 5V voltage regulator chip are respectively connected to the current sensor, the voltage comparator, the photocoupler and the relay through wires, and the 3.3V voltage regulator chip is connected to the voltage comparator and the single chip microcomputer through wires respectively.
本发明所采用的第二种技术方案是：一种电动自行车充电器监测系统的断电方法，其特征在于，包括下列步骤：The second technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a power-off method for an electric bicycle charger monitoring system, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
步骤1：将充电器输出端与5V稳压芯片接通，通过5V稳压芯片分别向电流传感器、光电耦合器和继电器供电，通过3.3V稳压芯片分别向电压比较器和单片机供电；将继电器与电动车电池接通；Step 1: Connect the output terminal of the charger to the 5V voltage regulator chip, supply power to the current sensor, photocoupler and relay through the 5V voltage regulator chip, and supply power to the voltage comparator and microcontroller through the 3.3V voltage regulator chip; connect the relay Connect with the electric vehicle battery;
步骤2：将充电器输出端与电流传感器接通，电流经过电压比较器传输到单片机，由单片机进行电流过高或者过低的判断；Step 2: Connect the output terminal of the charger to the current sensor, and the current is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer through the voltage comparator, and the single-chip microcomputer judges whether the current is too high or too low;
步骤3：单片机进行判断后将信号传输到光电耦合器，并由光电耦合器控制继电器的通断，即完成继电器与电动车电池的通断。Step 3: After the single-chip computer judges, the signal is transmitted to the photocoupler, and the photocoupler controls the on-off of the relay, that is, the on-off of the relay and the battery of the electric vehicle is completed.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明电动自行车充电器监测系统，通过电流监测模块判断并驱动断电模块是否开启或断开充电，实现对电动车充电器是否充电的自动控制，可以直接断开电动车充电器和充电电池的电源。除此以外，通过设置上限电流，防止过流产生的后续问题，使充电更加方便安全；通过设置下限电流，在电池充满电后，实现自动断电，节约电能，保护电池。The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the electric bicycle charger monitoring system of the present invention judges and drives the power-off module whether to turn on or disconnect the charging through the current monitoring module, realizes automatic control of whether the electric bicycle charger is charged, and can directly disconnect the electric bicycle Car charger and power supply for rechargeable batteries. In addition, by setting the upper limit current, it can prevent subsequent problems caused by overcurrent, making charging more convenient and safe; by setting the lower limit current, after the battery is fully charged, it will automatically power off to save power and protect the battery.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明电动自行车充电器监测系统的连接关系示意图；Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the electric bicycle charger monitoring system of the present invention;
图2是本发明电动自行车充电器监测系统的电路原理图；Fig. 2 is the circuit principle diagram of electric bicycle charger monitoring system of the present invention;
图3是应用本发明电动自行车充电器监测系统时的连接关系图。Fig. 3 is a connection relation diagram when the electric bicycle charger monitoring system of the present invention is applied.
图中，1.充电器输出端，2.5V稳压芯片，3.3.3V稳压芯片，4.电流传感器，5.电压比较器，6.单片机，7.光电耦合器，8.继电器，9.电动车电池。In the figure, 1. Charger output terminal, 2.5V regulator chip, 3.3.3V regulator chip, 4. Current sensor, 5. Voltage comparator, 6. Single-chip microcomputer, 7. Optocoupler, 8. Relay, 9. Electric vehicle battery.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图以及具体实施方式对本发明进行详细说明。The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
本发明提供了电动自行车充电器监测系统，如图1和图3所示，包括相互连接的电流监测模块和通断模块，电流监测模块和通断模块上共同连接有供电模块；电流监测模块包括依次连接的电流传感器4、电压比较器5和单片机6；通断模块包括依次连接的光电耦合器7和继电器8，光电耦合器7通过导线连接至单片机6；供电模块包括相互连接的5V稳压芯片2和3.3V稳压芯片3，5V稳压芯片2分别通过导线连接至电流传感器4、电压比较器5、光电耦合器7和继电器8，其中电压比较器5连接5V稳压芯片2分压作为比较基准，3.3V稳压芯片3分别通过导线连接至电压比较器5和单片机6供电。The invention provides an electric bicycle charger monitoring system, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 3, comprising a current monitoring module and an on-off module connected to each other, the current monitoring module and the on-off module are jointly connected with a power supply module; the current monitoring module includes A current sensor 4, a voltage comparator 5, and a single-chip microcomputer 6 connected in sequence; the on-off module includes a photocoupler 7 and a relay 8 connected in sequence, and the photocoupler 7 is connected to the single-chip microcomputer 6 through a wire; the power supply module includes 5V regulators connected to each other Chip 2 and 3.3V voltage regulator chip 3, 5V voltage regulator chip 2 are respectively connected to current sensor 4, voltage comparator 5, photocoupler 7 and relay 8 through wires, and voltage comparator 5 is connected to 5V voltage regulator chip 2 to divide the voltage As a comparison reference, the 3.3V regulator chip 3 is respectively connected to the voltage comparator 5 and the single-chip microcomputer 6 to supply power through wires.
上述电动自行车充电器监测系统的断电方法，包括下列步骤：The power-off method of the above-mentioned electric bicycle charger monitoring system includes the following steps:
步骤1：将充电器输出端1与5V稳压芯片2接通，通过5V稳压芯片2分别向导线连接至电流传感器4、光电耦合器7和继电器8供电，通过3.3V稳压芯片3分别向电压比较器5和单片机6供电；将继电器8与电动车电池9接通；Step 1: Connect the output terminal 1 of the charger with the 5V voltage regulator chip 2, connect the wires to the current sensor 4, the photocoupler 7 and the relay 8 through the 5V voltage regulator chip 2, and supply power through the 3.3V voltage regulator chip 3 respectively. Supply power to the voltage comparator 5 and the single-chip microcomputer 6; connect the relay 8 with the electric vehicle battery 9;
步骤2：将充电器输出端1与电流传感器4接通，电流经过电压比较器5传输到单片机6，由单片机6进行电流过高或者过低的判断；Step 2: Connect the charger output terminal 1 with the current sensor 4, and the current is transmitted to the single-chip microcomputer 6 through the voltage comparator 5, and the single-chip microcomputer 6 judges whether the current is too high or too low;
步骤3：单片机6进行判断后将信号传输到光电耦合器7，并由光电耦合器7控制继电器8的通断，即完成继电器8与电动车电池9的通断。Step 3: The single-chip microcomputer 6 transmits the signal to the photocoupler 7 after making a judgment, and the photocoupler 7 controls the on-off of the relay 8, that is, the on-off of the relay 8 and the battery 9 of the electric vehicle is completed.
工作时，如图2所示，充电器输出端1中由AO6口接入5V稳压芯片2AO6并由电阻分压为12V接入5V稳压芯片2，由公共端AO3输出5V电压供电。继续由AO3接口接入3.3V稳压芯片3AO3，并通过3.3V稳压芯片3由3.3V稳压芯片3公共端AO4输出3.3V电压供电。When working, as shown in Figure 2, the output terminal 1 of the charger is connected to the 5V voltage regulator chip 2AO6 through the AO6 port, and is divided into 12V by a resistor to connect to the 5V voltage regulator chip 2, and the common terminal AO3 outputs 5V voltage for power supply. Continue to connect to the 3.3V voltage regulator chip 3AO3 through the AO3 interface, and output 3.3V voltage from the common terminal AO4 of the 3.3V voltage regulator chip 3 through the 3.3V voltage regulator chip 3 to supply power.
由充电器输出端1AO6端接入电流传感器4AO6端并由BO1端接入继电器8BO1继电器常闭口，继电器8BO2接入电动车电池9接入口BO2，其中充电器输出端1BO3和电动车电池9BO3连接形成回路。电流传感器4有2个5V接入口AO3，由5V稳压芯片2输出。电流传感器4采集电流信号后经处理从AO5口输出电压信号，其中1A电流转换为610mV。由电流传感器4AO5输出的电压信号接入两个电压比较器5的AO5端。其中电压比较器5分别有2个AO3 5V供电端和AO4 3.3V供电端，由5V稳压芯片2和3.3V稳压芯片3提供。经电压比较器5处理，直接从K1、K2端口输出高低电平接入单片机6单片接口K1、K2。由单片机6判断接收的电压信号是否超过标准值或低于设定值，来判断是否发出断电或接入电源的信号。单片机6K3口接入光电耦合器7K3口，光电耦合器7和继电器8均由AO3供电，其中继电器8BO5和光电耦合器7BO5连接。当单片机6判断是否要通电端时，通过K3口决定是否让光电耦合器7接通。从而控制继电器8是否接入电源，即可以控制充电器输出端1和电动车电池9的通断，实现了充电的通断。The charger output terminal 1AO6 is connected to the current sensor 4AO6 terminal and the BO1 terminal is connected to the normally closed port of the relay 8BO1, and the relay 8BO2 is connected to the electric vehicle battery 9 input port BO2, wherein the charger output terminal 1BO3 is connected to the electric vehicle battery 9BO3 to form circuit. The current sensor 4 has two 5V access ports AO3, which are output by the 5V regulator chip 2. The current sensor 4 collects the current signal and outputs a voltage signal from the AO5 port after processing, wherein the 1A current is converted to 610mV. The voltage signal output by the current sensor 4AO5 is connected to the AO5 terminals of the two voltage comparators 5 . The voltage comparator 5 has two AO3 5V power supply terminals and AO4 3.3V power supply terminals respectively, which are provided by the 5V voltage regulator chip 2 and the 3.3V voltage regulator chip 3 . After being processed by the voltage comparator 5, the high and low levels are directly output from the ports K1 and K2 to be connected to the single-chip interfaces K1 and K2 of the single-chip microcomputer 6. The single-chip microcomputer 6 judges whether the voltage signal received exceeds the standard value or is lower than the set value, and judges whether to send a signal of power-off or power-on. The MCU 6K3 port is connected to the optocoupler 7K3 port, the optocoupler 7 and the relay 8 are powered by AO3, and the relay 8BO5 is connected to the optocoupler 7BO5. When the single-chip microcomputer 6 judges whether to electrify the terminal, decide whether to allow the optocoupler 7 to be connected through the K3 port. Thereby controlling whether the relay 8 is connected to the power supply, that is, the on-off of the charger output terminal 1 and the battery 9 of the electric vehicle can be controlled, and the on-off of charging is realized.
通过上述方式，本发明一种电动自行车充电器监测系统通过电流监测模块判断并驱动断电模块是否开启或断开充电，实现对电动车充电器是否充电的自动控制，可以直接断开电动车充电器和充电电池的电源。除此以外，通过设置上限电流，防止过流产生的后续问题，使充电更加方便安全；通过设置下限电流，在电池充满电后，实现自动断电，节约电能，保护电池。Through the above method, an electric bicycle charger monitoring system of the present invention judges and drives the power-off module whether to turn on or disconnect the charging through the current monitoring module, so as to realize automatic control of whether the electric vehicle charger is charged, and can directly disconnect the electric vehicle for charging adapter and rechargeable battery power. In addition, by setting the upper limit current, it can prevent subsequent problems caused by overcurrent, making charging more convenient and safe; by setting the lower limit current, after the battery is fully charged, it will automatically power off to save power and protect the battery.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711469488.2A CN108134420A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of charger for electric bicycle monitoring system and its power-off method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711469488.2A CN108134420A (en) | 2017-12-29 | 2017-12-29 | A kind of charger for electric bicycle monitoring system and its power-off method |
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| CN109613434A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 西安理工大学 | An intelligent monitoring system and monitoring method for electric passenger car battery |
| CN109720237A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-05-07 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of electric vehicle charge monitoring system and method based on ZigBee-network |
| CN111907626A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-11-10 | 南通大学 | Electric bicycle fire alarm system |
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