CN108133973A - A kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a glass photovoltaic building material component and a preparation method thereof. The glass photovoltaic building material component is composed of a fluoroplastic film, a first resin-based composite film material, a first EVA, a solar cell string, a second resin-based composite film material, and glass Laminating machine hot pressing. The glass photovoltaic building material component of the present invention has the characteristics of high power generation efficiency, high long-term reliability, long life, and high safety performance. Crystalline silicon solar energy has high conversion efficiency and high stability of lighting and power generation performance. At the same time, the manufacturing process can realize beautiful radians and single large-size components. It is especially suitable for curtain walls with complex curved surfaces, lighting roofs, agricultural greenhouses, sun rooms, parking sheds, Used in buildings such as waiting halls.

Description

A glass photovoltaic building material component and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention relates to a component, in particular to a glass photovoltaic building material component and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of photovoltaic technology.

Background technique

In the current society, energy conflicts and environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent, and the development of various types of clean energy is an inevitable trend. In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly, and technological updates have been gradually accelerated. At present, the photovoltaic industry is developing towards product diversification, and building photovoltaics is one of the most important markets in the field of photovoltaic power generation applications in the world.

Ordinary crystalline silicon solar modules or thin-film solar modules often use opaque backsheet materials and low structural safety, so they cannot be directly used as building components. They can only be combined with modules through supporting structures. From the perspective of aesthetics and installation difficulty, There are fewer applications that can be combined with buildings.

With the development of building photovoltaic technology, double-sided glass crystalline silicon modules have appeared. The existing large-scale manufacturing of double-glass crystalline silicon modules mostly adopts a tempered glass sandwich structure, which is a composite layer composed of two pieces of glass with solar cells in the middle. As shown in FIG. 1 , the double-glass silicon module is composed of tempered glass 8 , adhesive film 9 and solar cells 10 .

At present, there are mainly two packaging methods for the main double-glass silicon modules. The first method adopts tempered glass + POE/EVA film + solar cell + POE/EVA film + tempered glass structure, which is mostly realized by a laminator, and the material price Cheap, high encapsulation rate, but EVA/POE anti-aging performance is not strong, service life can not reach 50 years, can not be the same life as the building, at the same time, EVA/POE and glass bonding performance, shock absorption performance is weaker than PVB, architecturally Insufficient security applied.

The other is tempered glass + PVB film + solar cell + PVB film + tempered glass structure, which is preformed by a laminator and then cured in an autoclave. However, delamination, air bubbles, and debris are common in the actual process. , displacement, etc. cause low yield. However, the technology of directly entering the autoclave for one-time molding is not yet mature.

Restricted by material selection and process realization, conventional double-glass silicon components have the following defects: (1) Laminated components are all flat-shaped, with a single style, and it is difficult to produce double-glass components with radians (or slightly larger radians) Silicon components; (2) It is not suitable for curved surface installation. When encountering curved surface installation, the arc design needs to be as small as possible, and multiple components are mostly spliced at small angles. The installation is difficult and the overall aesthetics is greatly affected; (3) Installation An additional support structure is required, which increases the cost of the system; (4) Limited by the size of the lamination, it is difficult to achieve a single large-scale component;

At present, there are also some technical solutions that propose to use flexible thin-film solar cell core board, PVB, and double-sided glass through autoclave packaging to achieve the curved surface appearance and strength requirements of glass photovoltaic building components, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of thin-film solar cells is low, and the production process The process is complicated.

Contents of the invention

The problem to be solved by the present invention is that the double-glass silicon module in the prior art cannot not only meet the architectural requirements such as structural strength, beautiful radian and single large-size component, but also realize high conversion efficiency and high stability of the crystalline silicon solar module. Solar power generation performance.

In order to solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present invention provides a glass photovoltaic building material component, which consists of a fluoroplastic film, a first resin-based composite film, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer (EVA), a solar cell string, and a second resin The matrix composite film and glass are formed by hot pressing with a laminator.

Further, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer may also be polyolefin elastomer (POE) or polyvinyl butyral (PVB).

Further, both the first resin-based composite film and the second resin-based composite film are composed of fiber material and powder coating.

Further, the fiber material is made by weaving one or any combination of glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber, and the single filament diameter of the fiber material ranges from 3 to 23 μm.

Further, the fiber material is fiber cloth, and the weight per unit area of the fiber cloth is between 30 and 400 grams/square meter.

Further, the powder coating is selected from one of polyester powder coating, epoxy powder coating, acrylic powder coating, polyurethane powder coating and fluorocarbon powder coating.

Further, the glass is selected from one of low-iron ultra-clear tempered glass, ordinary tempered glass, fireproof glass, semi-tempered glass, and insulating glass.

The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned glass photovoltaic building material component, comprising the following steps:

a) Laying the fluoroplastic film on the laminated substrate with the first high temperature resistant Teflon cloth;

b) Lay the first resin-based composite film, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, solar cell string, second resin-based composite film, and glass in sequence;

c) Cover the second high temperature resistant Teflon cloth on the top of the glass, enter the lamination machine for lamination, and the lamination process is completed in three stages: vacuuming, solidification, and cooling;

d) Cut the edge of the laminated component with a utility knife to obtain a glass photovoltaic building material component.

Further, the heating temperature range of the vacuum stage is 110-160°C, and the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the heating temperature range of the curing stage is 130-200°C, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the cooling stage is cooled to 25-600 seconds. 60°C, the pressure range of the cooling process is 0.05-0.25MPa.

The third aspect of the present invention provides another glass photovoltaic building material component, which consists of a fluoroplastic film, a first resin-based composite film, a first ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, a solar cell string, and a second ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer Layers and glass are formed by hot pressing with a laminator.

Further, the glass photovoltaic building material component also includes a second resin-based composite film located between the second ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer and the glass.

Further, the ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer can also be POE or PVB. The fourth aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned glass photovoltaic building material component, comprising the following steps:

a) Laying the fluoroplastic film on the laminated substrate with the first high temperature resistant Teflon cloth;

b) Laying the first resin-based composite film, the first ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the solar cell string, the second ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, and glass in sequence;

c) Cover the second high temperature resistant Teflon cloth on the top of the glass, enter the lamination machine for lamination, and the lamination process is completed in three stages: vacuuming, solidification, and cooling;

d) Cut the edge of the laminated component with a utility knife to obtain a glass photovoltaic building material component.

Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

The glass photovoltaic building material component of the present invention has the characteristics of high power generation efficiency, high long-term reliability, long life, and high safety performance. Crystalline silicon solar energy has high conversion efficiency and high stability of lighting and power generation performance. At the same time, the manufacturing process can achieve beautiful radians and single large-scale components, and the installation cost is low. It is especially suitable for curtain walls with complex curved surfaces, lighting roofs, agricultural greenhouses, and sun rooms. , parking sheds, waiting halls and other buildings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of double-glass interlayer structure in the prior art;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a glass photovoltaic building material component in Example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1

As shown in Figure 2, this embodiment provides a glass photovoltaic building material component, which consists of a fluoroplastic film 5, a resin-based composite film 1, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer 3, a solar cell string 4, a resin-based composite film 2, The glass 6 is formed by hot pressing with a laminator.

The above-mentioned two-layer resin-based composite film is composed of fiber material and powder coating. The fiber material is made by weaving one or any combination of glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber, and the single filament diameter of the fiber material ranges from 3 to 23 μm. The fiber material is woven into fiber cloth, and the weight per unit area of the fiber cloth is between 30 and 400 grams per square meter. The powder coating is selected from polyester powder coating, epoxy powder coating, acrylic powder coating, polyurethane powder coating and fluorocarbon powder coating.

The glass 6 is selected from one of low-iron ultra-clear tempered glass, ordinary tempered glass, fireproof glass, semi-tempered glass, and insulating glass. The curved surface, size and color of the glass 6 can be set according to architectural design requirements.

This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned glass photovoltaic building material component, including the following steps:

a) Laying the fluoroplastic film 5 on the laminated substrate with the first high temperature resistant Teflon cloth;

b) Laying resin-based composite film 1, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer 3, solar cell string 4, resin-based composite film 2, and glass 6 in sequence;

c) Cover the second high-temperature-resistant Teflon cloth on the top of the glass 6, enter the lamination machine for lamination, and the lamination process is completed in three stages: vacuuming, solidification, and cooling; the heating temperature range of the vacuuming stage is 110-160 ℃, the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the heating temperature range is 130-200 ℃ in the curing stage, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the cooling stage is cooled to 25-60 ℃, and the pressure applied during the cooling process is in the range of 0.05-0.25MPa ;

d) Cut the edge of the laminated component with a utility knife to obtain a glass photovoltaic building material component.

Example 2

This embodiment provides another glass photovoltaic building material component, which consists of a fluoroplastic film, a resin-based composite film, a first layer of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, a solar cell string, a second layer of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, glass It is heat-pressed by a laminator.

Compared with Embodiment 1, this embodiment differs in that the resin-based composite film material can be replaced by an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer. That is, the glass photovoltaic building material component in Example 1 has two layers of resin-based composite film and one layer of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, while the glass photovoltaic building material component in this embodiment has one layer of resin-based composite film and two layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Vinyl acetate copolymer layer.

The resin-based composite film is composed of fiber material and powder coating. The fiber material is made by weaving one or any combination of glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber, and the single filament diameter of the fiber material ranges from 3 to 23 μm. The fiber material is woven into fiber cloth, and the weight per unit area of the fiber cloth is between 30 and 400 grams per square meter. The powder coating is selected from polyester powder coating, epoxy powder coating, acrylic powder coating, polyurethane powder coating and fluorocarbon powder coating.

The glass is selected from one of low-iron ultra-clear tempered glass, ordinary tempered glass, fireproof glass, semi-tempered glass, and hollow glass. The surface, size and color of the glass can be set according to the architectural design requirements.

This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned glass photovoltaic building material component, including the following steps:

a) Laying the fluoroplastic film on the laminated substrate with the first high temperature resistant Teflon cloth;

b) Laying the resin-based composite film, the first ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the solar cell string, the second ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, and glass in sequence;

c) Cover the glass with a second high-temperature-resistant Teflon cloth, and enter the lamination machine for lamination. The lamination process is completed in three stages: vacuuming, curing, and cooling; the heating temperature range in the vacuuming stage is 110-160°C , the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the heating temperature range is 130-200°C in the curing stage, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the cooling stage is cooled to 25-60°C, and the pressure applied during the cooling process is in the range of 0.05-0.25MPa;

d) Cut the edge of the laminated component with a utility knife to obtain a glass photovoltaic building material component.

Example 3

This embodiment provides another glass photovoltaic building material component, which consists of a fluoroplastic film, a first resin-based composite film, a first layer of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a solar cell string, and a second layer of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer 1. The second resin-based composite film and the glass are formed by hot pressing with a laminator.

Compared with Example 1 and Example 2, this example differs in that the glass photovoltaic building material component in this example has two layers of resin-based composite films and two layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. While the glass photovoltaic building material member in Example 1 has two layers of resin-based composite films and one deck of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layers, the glass photovoltaic building material member in Example 2 has one deck of resin-based composite films and two layers of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layers. Copolymer layer.

The resin-based composite film is composed of fiber material and powder coating. The fiber material is made by weaving one or any combination of glass fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber, and the single filament diameter of the fiber material ranges from 3 to 23 μm. The fiber material is woven into fiber cloth, and the weight per unit area of the fiber cloth is between 30 and 400 grams per square meter. The powder coating is selected from polyester powder coating, epoxy powder coating, acrylic powder coating, polyurethane powder coating and fluorocarbon powder coating.

The glass is selected from one of low-iron ultra-clear tempered glass, ordinary tempered glass, fireproof glass, semi-tempered glass, and hollow glass. The surface, size and color of the glass can be set according to the architectural design requirements.

This embodiment also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned glass photovoltaic building material component, including the following steps:

a) Laying the fluoroplastic film on the laminated substrate with the first high temperature resistant Teflon cloth;

b) laying the first resin-based composite film, the first ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, solar cell strings, the second ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the second resin-based composite film, and glass in sequence;

c) Cover the glass with a second high-temperature-resistant Teflon cloth, and enter the lamination machine for lamination. The lamination process is completed in three stages: vacuuming, curing, and cooling; the heating temperature range in the vacuuming stage is 110-160°C , the heating time range is 100-600 seconds; the heating temperature range is 130-200 ℃ in the curing stage, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the cooling stage is cooled to 25-60 ℃, and the pressure applied during the cooling process is in the range of 0.05-0.25MPa;

d) Cut the edge of the laminated component with a utility knife to obtain a glass photovoltaic building material component.

The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component, which is characterized in that the glass photovoltaic building materials component is by fluorine plastic film, the first tree Aliphatic radical laminated film, ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, solar cell string, the second resin based coextruded film, glass pass through layer Press hot pressing forms.

A kind of 2. glass photovoltaic building materials component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first resin base THIN COMPOSITE Film and the second resin based coextruded film are made of fibrous material and powdery paints.

3. a kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the fibrous material is by glass Fiber cloth made of one kind or arbitrary several combination weaving in fiber, carbon fiber or aramid fiber, the fibrous material Ranging from 3~23 μm of filament diameter, the fiber cloth weight per unit area is between 30~400 grams/m；The powder applies Material selected from polyester powder coating, epoxide powder coating, acrylic acid powder coatings, polyurethane powder coating, fluorocarbon powder paint it In one kind.

4. a kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the glass is selected from low iron ultrawhite One kind among tempered glass, ordinary glass, flame resistant glass, semi-tempered glass, hollow glass.

5. a kind of preparation method of glass photovoltaic building materials component according to any one of claims 1-4, which is characterized in that Include the following steps：

A) fluorine plastic film is laid on the laminated substrate of band the first high temperature resistant Teflon cloth；

B) the first resin based coextruded film, the ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the solar cell are laid with successively again String, the second resin based coextruded film, the glass；

C) the second high temperature resistant Teflon cloth is capped above the glass, into laminating machine inner layer pressure, lamination process point vacuumizes, Curing, cooling three phases are completed；

D) component for completing lamination is cut using cutter progress edge, obtains the glass photovoltaic building materials component.

6. the preparation method of a kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described to vacuumize Stepwise heating temperature range is 110~160 DEG C, ranging from 100~600 seconds heating time；The cure stage heating temperature model It is 130~200 DEG C to enclose, ranging from 100~1200 seconds heating time；The cooling stage is cooled to 25~60 DEG C, cooling procedure Application pressure limit is 0.05~0.25MPa.

7. a kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component, which is characterized in that the glass photovoltaic building materials component is by fluorine plastic film, the first tree Aliphatic radical laminated film, the first ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, solar cell string, the second ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer Layer, glass are formed by laminating machine hot pressing.

A kind of 8. glass photovoltaic building materials component according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the glass photovoltaic building materials component Further include the second resin based coextruded film between the second ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer and the glass.

9. the preparation method of a kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component according to claim 7, which is characterized in that including walking as follows Suddenly：

A) fluorine plastic film is laid on the laminated substrate of band the first high temperature resistant Teflon cloth；

B) the first resin based coextruded film, the first ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the sun are laid with successively again Battery strings, the second ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, the glass；

C) the second high temperature resistant Teflon cloth is capped above the glass, into laminating machine inner layer pressure, lamination process point vacuumizes, Curing, cooling three phases are completed；

D) component for completing lamination is cut using cutter progress edge, obtains the glass photovoltaic building materials component.

10. a kind of glass photovoltaic building materials component, which is characterized in that substitute right with polyolefin elastomer or polyvinyl butyral It is required that ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer described in 1, other components structure is identical with described in claim 1；

Alternatively, substitute the first ethylene-acetate second described in claim 7 or 8 with polyolefin elastomer or polyvinyl butyral Described in alkene copolymer layer and/or the second ethene-vinyl acetate copolymer layer, other components structure and claim 7 or 8 It is identical.