CN108132094A - A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device and method based on pulsed light - Google Patents
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device and method based on pulsed light Download PDFInfo
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- CN108132094A CN108132094A CN201810049535.6A CN201810049535A CN108132094A CN 108132094 A CN108132094 A CN 108132094A CN 201810049535 A CN201810049535 A CN 201810049535A CN 108132094 A CN108132094 A CN 108132094A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device and method based on pulsed light, device includes trigger control module, light-pulse generator module, amplification polarization module, multiple port signal output module, optic module, interference signal generation module, forward direction interference signal acquisition module and backward interference signal acquisition module；Wherein, trigger control module can control light-pulse generator module to send out pulsed optical signals, pulsed optical signals are divided into forward pulse signal and backward pulse signal after entering amplification polarization module, after respectively enteing interference signal generation module, the forward direction interference signal and backward interference signal generated after output interference respectively, and be acquired respectively to preceding to interference signal and backward interference signal to interference signal acquisition module and backward interference signal acquisition module from trigger control module control is preceding.The present invention can realize the monitoring to long range optic cable vibration event by pulsed light.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributed optical fiber vibration sensor technical fields, and in particular to a kind of distribution based on pulsed light
Optical fiber vibration sensing device and method.
Background technology
Long range cable protection, line protection, oil-gas pipeline monitoring, heavy construction structure health monitoring, geology calamity
Evil prevention etc. is required for acquisition vibration signal, and traditional vibration measurement method such as high-voltage fence technology, leaky cable technology exist
Device volume is big, sensitivity is low, needs real-time electric power supply, is particularly vulnerable to the problems such as strong magnetic environment such as thunder and lightning interferes, in reality
It is restricted in.Distributed optical fiber vibration sensor have high sensitivity, detecting distance is remote, anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong,
The advantages of easy care etc. is incomparable after installation and the hot spot for becoming research.
Optical fibre vibration sensor is made based on Mach Zehnder interference principle with realization principle is simple, device cost
It is low and can be a kind of representative distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, each with good characteristics such as high accuracy positionings
Important military or civic area the security protection prison of class infrastructure such as circumference security protection, oil-gas pipeline, communications optical cable, high-tension cable etc.
It is widely studied and applies in survey.
Monitoring distance is the key index of distributed optical fiber vibration sensor, is mainly determined by the light source power of internal system
Fixed, Output optical power is bigger, and measurement distance is more remote, but light source power crosses conference and various fiber nonlinear effects is caused such as to be excited
Phenomena such as Raman scattering (SRS), stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), Self-phase modulation (SPM) and influence measure accuracy, lead to
Normal light source output power should not exceed fiber nonlinear effect threshold power.
With China's expanding economy, all kinds of Large Infrastructure Projects scales the more are built the more big, the combustion gas of hundreds of kilometer if dynamic
The construction and operation of pipeline, petroleum pipeline, heat distribution pipeline, high ferro, underground railway track, to the required distance of sensor monitoring increasingly
It is high.It is existing that optical fibre vibration sensor is made and is all based on continuous light source based on Mach Zehnder interference principle, when using company
During continuous light source, nonlinear effect threshold power is very low, if SBS threshold is only tens mw, particularly when longer, the light that measures optical fiber
Fine nonlinear effect threshold value is lower, limits the enhancing of light source power, so as to limit measurement distance.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention, which is intended to provide a kind of distribution type fiber-optic based on pulsed light, shakes
Dynamic sensing device and method.
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device and method based on pulsed light provided in an embodiment of the present invention, device packet
Include trigger control module, light-pulse generator module, amplification polarization module, multiple port signal output module, optic module, interference signal
Generation module, forward direction interference signal acquisition module and backward interference signal acquisition module；
Trigger control module acquires respectively with light-pulse generator module, forward direction interference signal acquisition module and backward interference signal
Module connects；Light-pulse generator module connect with amplification polarization module, amplification polarization module and interference signal generation signaling module and
Multiple port signal output module connects；Multiple port signal output module respectively with forward direction interference signal acquisition module and optic module
Connection；Optic module is connect with interference signal generation module, and interference signal generation module connects with backward interference signal acquisition module
It connects；
The pulsed optical signals of the default repetition rate of trigger control module control light-pulse generator module output and pulse width, arteries and veins
Pulsed light signal enters amplification polarization module, and pulsed optical signals are amplified amplification polarization module and Polarization Control, and by pulse
Optical signal is divided into forward pulse signal and backward pulse signal；
Forward pulse signal enters interference signal generation module, and interference signal generation module does forward pulse signal
To interference signal before being exported after relating to, forward direction interference signal by the optic module and the multiple port signal output module into
To interference signal acquisition module before entering, forward direction interference signal acquisition module collected under the control of trigger control module before to dry
Relate to signal；
Backward pulse signal enters interference signal generation module by multiple port signal output module and optic module, interferes
Signal generator module exports backward interference signal after interfering backward pulse signal, backward interference signal enters backward interference
Signal acquisition module, backward interference signal acquisition module collected under the control of trigger control module after to interference signal.
Preferably, light-pulse generator module includes laser, acousto-optic modulator and driver；The output terminal and acousto-optic of laser
The light input end connection of modulator, the rf inputs of acousto-optic modulator and the RF output end of driver connect.
Preferably, amplification polarization module includes fiber amplifier, Polarization Controller and the first coupler；Acousto-optic modulator
The input terminal of light output end and fiber amplifier connects, and the output terminal of fiber amplifier and the input terminal of Polarization Controller connect,
The output terminal of Polarization Controller is connect with the first port of the first coupler.
Preferably, multiple port signal output module includes circulator；The second port of first coupler and the of circulator
Single port connects.
Preferably, optic module includes the first optical fiber；The first end of first optical fiber and the second port of circulator connect.
Preferably, interference signal generation module includes the second coupler, third coupler, the second optical fiber and third optical fiber；
The third port of first coupler is connect with the first port of the second coupler, the second port of the second coupler and the second optical fiber
First end connection, the third port of the second coupler connect with the first end of third optical fiber, the first port of third coupler
It is connect with the second end of the second optical fiber, the second port of third coupler is connect with the second end of third optical fiber, third coupler
Third port connect with the second end of the first optical fiber.
Preferably, forward direction interference signal acquisition module includes the first detector and the first data collector；First detector
Input terminal and the third port of circulator connect, the input terminal company of the output terminal of the first detector and the first data collector
It connects.
Preferably, backward interference signal acquisition module includes the second detector and the second data collector；Second coupler
The 4th port connect with the input terminal of the second detector, the input terminal of the output terminal of the second detector and the second data collector
Connection.
Preferably, trigger control module includes trigger source；The first end of trigger source and the control terminal of driver connect, triggering
The second end in source is connect with the control terminal of the first data collector, the third end of trigger source and the control terminal of the second data collector
Connection.
Preferably, amplification polarization module includes fiber amplifier, the first coupler, the first Polarization Controller and the second polarization
Controller；The light output end of acousto-optic modulator and the input terminal of fiber amplifier connect, the output terminal of fiber amplifier and first
The first port connection of coupler, the second port of the first coupler are connect with the input terminal of the first Polarization Controller, the first coupling
The third port of clutch is connect with the input terminal of the second Polarization Controller, amplification polarization module by the first Polarization Controller with it is more
Port signal output module connects, and amplification polarization module is connect by the second Polarization Controller with interference signal generation module.
Preferably, light-pulse generator module includes laser, electrooptic modulator and driver；The output terminal and electric light of laser
The light input end connection of modulator, the electrical input of electrooptic modulator and the output terminal of driver connect, and light-pulse generator module is led to
Device of overdriving is connect with trigger control module, and the light-pulse generator module passes through the electrooptic modulator and the amplification polarization mode
Block connects.
Preferably, light-pulse generator module includes laser and driver；The electricity of the output terminal connecting laser of driver connects
Mouthful, light-pulse generator module connect by driver with trigger control module, the light-pulse generator module by the laser and
The amplification polarization module connection.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing method based on pulsed light, method passes through
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light performs, and method includes step：
The synchronization time difference of the first data collector and the second data collector is determined respectively；
The synchronization time of optical cable is set and the first data collector and the second data is set to adopt respectively according to synchronization time difference
The synchronization time of storage；
The positioning accuracy of optical cable is selected, and the first data collector and the second data collector are obtained according to positioning accuracy
Sample rate, and the pulse frequency and pulse width of the trigger pulse light of the trigger source of optical fiber vibration sensing device are set；
The time threshold section of first data collector and the second data collector is set, and the first number is obtained according to setting
According to the gathered data of collector and the second data collector in time threshold section；
The data of acquisition are analyzed.
Preferably, the data of acquisition are carried out with analysis to specifically include：
The data of acquisition are analyzed, and judge whether vibration event；
If so, the oscillation point that vibration event is occurred by calculating analysis positions, and alarm, and continue to obtain
The data in next time threshold section；
If it is not, continue to obtain the data in next time threshold section.
A kind of advantageous effect of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light provided in an embodiment of the present invention is：
Using the smaller light-pulse generator of duty ratio in optical fiber vibration sensing device, such pulsed light peak power will not when larger
Cause the non-linear phenomena of optical fiber, as long as ensureing that the average light power of pulsed light still is below the non-linear threshold of optical fiber, no
The non-linear phenomena of optical fiber can be caused, therefore measurement distance can be increased by the way that system is made to export higher pulse luminous power.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the knot of a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light that first embodiment of the invention provides
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the knot of a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light that second embodiment of the invention provides
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is a kind of shaking for distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light that second embodiment of the invention provides
Dynamic interference point location schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the work of a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light that second embodiment of the invention provides
Make flow diagram；
Fig. 5 is the knot of a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light that third embodiment of the invention provides
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the knot of a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light that fourth embodiment of the invention provides
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the knot of a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light that fifth embodiment of the invention provides
Structure schematic diagram.
10th, trigger control module；11st, trigger source；20th, light-pulse generator module；21st, laser；22nd, acousto-optic modulator；23、
Driver；30th, amplify polarization module；31st, fiber amplifier；32nd, Polarization Controller；33rd, the first coupler；40th, multiterminal message
Number output module；41st, circulator；50th, optic module；51st, the first optical fiber；60th, interference signal generation module；61st, the second coupling
Device；62nd, third coupler；63rd, the second optical fiber；64th, third optical fiber；70th, forward direction interference signal acquisition module；71st, the first detection
Device；72nd, the first data collector；80th, backward interference signal acquisition module；81st, the second detector；82nd, the second data collector.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other without creative efforts
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
First embodiment：
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing dress based on pulsed light provided for first embodiment of the invention
The structure diagram put；
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light provided in an embodiment of the present invention, which is characterized in that
Including trigger control module 10, light-pulse generator module 20, amplification polarization module 30, multiple port signal output module 40, optical fiber mode
Block 50, interference signal generation module 60, forward direction interference signal acquisition module 70 and backward interference signal acquisition module 80；
Trigger control module 10 is believed respectively with light-pulse generator module 20, forward direction interference signal acquisition module 70 and backward interference
Number acquisition module 80 connects；Light-pulse generator module 20 is connect with amplification polarization module 30, amplifies polarization module 30 and interference signal
It generates signaling module 60 and multiple port signal output module 40 connects；Multiple port signal output module 40 is interfered respectively with forward direction to be believed
Number acquisition module 70 and optic module 50 connect；Optic module 50 is connect with interference signal generation module 60, and interference signal generates
Module 60 is connect with backward interference signal acquisition module 80；
Trigger control module 10 controls light-pulse generator module 20 to export the pulsed light letter for presetting repetition rate and pulse width
Number, pulsed optical signals enter amplification polarization module 30, and pulsed optical signals are amplified amplification polarization module 30 and Polarization Control,
And pulsed optical signals are divided into forward pulse signal and backward pulse signal；
Forward pulse signal enters interference signal generation module 60, interference signal generation module 60 to forward pulse signal into
It is exported before being exported after row interference to interference signal, forward direction interference signal by the optic module 50 and the multiple port signal
Module 40 is into preceding to interference signal acquisition module 70, and forward direction interference signal acquisition module 70 is in the control of trigger control module 10
Under collect before to interference signal；
Backward pulse signal 80 enters interference signal by multiple port signal output module 40 and optic module 50 and generates mould
Block 60, interference signal generation module 60 export backward interference signal, backward interference signal after interfering backward pulse signal
Into backward interference signal acquisition module 80, backward interference signal acquisition module 80 acquires under the control of trigger control module 10
To backward interference signal.
It should be noted that a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing dress based on pulsed light provided in an embodiment of the present invention
It puts, trigger control module is connect with light-pulse generator module, and light-pulse generator module is connect with amplification polarization module, and mould is controlled by triggering
Block is by controlling the triggering frequency of light-pulse generator module so that the repetition rate of the pulsed light of light-pulse generator module output and pulse
Width is in preset range, and after the pulsed light that pulse optical module exports enters amplification polarization module, amplification polarization module is to pulse
Optical signal is amplified, filter and Polarization Control after, and pulsed optical signals are divided into two-way, respectively forward pulse signal,
Backward pulse signal；
Amplification polarization module is connect with interference signal generation module, and interference signal generation module is connect with optic module, light
Fiber module is connect with multiple port signal output module, and multiple port signal output module also connects with forward direction interference signal acquisition module
It connects, and forward direction interference signal acquisition module is also connect with trigger control module, therefore forward direction interference pulse signal enters interference letter
Number generation module, interference signal generation module to it is preceding to interference pulse signal interfere after export before to interference signal, therefore
Interference signal generation module output forward direction interference signal after optic module and multiple port signal output module, into it is preceding to
Interference signal acquisition module, forward direction interference signal acquisition module carry out under the control of trigger control module to preceding to interference signal
Acquisition；
Amplification polarization module is also connect with multiple port signal output module, and optic module also connects with interference signal generation module
It connects, interference signal generation module is also connect with backward interference signal acquisition module, and backward interference signal acquisition module is controlled with triggering
Molding block connects；Therefore the backward interference pulse signal of amplification polarization module output passes through multiport output module and optic module
Into interference signal generation module, interference signal generation module exports backward interference after interfering backward interference pulse signal
Signal, backward interference signal enter backward interference signal acquisition module, and backward interference signal acquisition module is in trigger control module
Control under acquire backward interference signal；
By comparing the interference pattern of collected forward direction interference signal and backward interference signal, interference pattern is divided
Analysis calculates, and judges whether this measurement has vibration event.
Second embodiment：
Referring to Fig. 2, a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing dress based on pulsed light provided for second embodiment of the invention
The structure diagram put；
Preferably, light-pulse generator module 20 includes laser 21, acousto-optic modulator 22 and driver 23；Laser 21 it is defeated
Outlet is connect with the light input end of acousto-optic modulator 22, and the rf inputs of acousto-optic modulator 22 are exported with the radio frequency of driver 23
End connection.
Preferably, amplification polarization module 30 includes fiber amplifier 31,32 and first coupler 33 of Polarization Controller；Acousto-optic
The light output end of modulator 22 is connect with the input terminal of fiber amplifier 31, the output terminal and Polarization Controller of fiber amplifier 31
32 input terminal connection, the output terminal of Polarization Controller 32 are connect with the first port of the first coupler 33.
Preferably, multiple port signal output module 40 includes circulator 41；The second port of first coupler 33 and annular
The first port connection of device 41.
Preferably, optic module 50 includes the first optical fiber 51；The first end of first optical fiber 51 and the second end of circulator 41
Mouth connection.
Preferably, interference signal generation module 60 includes the second coupler 61, third coupler 62, the second optical fiber 63 and the
Three optical fiber 64；The third port of first coupler 33 is connect with the first port of the second coupler 61, and the of the second coupler 61
Two-port netwerk is connect with the first end of the second optical fiber 63, and the third port of the second coupler 61 connects with the first end of third optical fiber 64
It connects, the first port of third coupler 62 is connect with the second end of the second optical fiber 63, the second port of third coupler 62 and the
The second end connection of three optical fiber 64, the third port of third coupler 62 are connect with the second end of the first optical fiber 51.
Preferably, forward direction interference signal acquisition module 70 includes the first detector 71 and the first data collector 72；First
The input terminal of detector 71 is connect with the third port of circulator 41, output terminal and the data collector 72 of the first detector 71
Input terminal connects.
Preferably, backward interference signal acquisition module 80 includes the second detector 81 and the second data collector 82；Second
4th port of coupler 61 is connect with the input terminal of the second detector 81, and output terminal and the second data of the second detector 81 are adopted
The input terminal connection of storage 82.
Preferably, trigger control module 10 includes trigger source 11；The first end of trigger source 11 and the control terminal of driver 23
Connection, the second end of trigger source 11 are connect with the control terminal of the first data collector 72, the third end of trigger source 11 and the second number
It is connected according to the control terminal of collector 82.
Second aspect, the present invention also provides a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing method based on pulsed light, method passes through
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light performs, and method includes step：
The synchronization time difference of the first data collector and the second data collector is determined respectively；
The synchronization time of optical cable is set and first data collector and institute are set according to the synchronization time difference respectively
State the synchronization time of the second data collector；
The positioning accuracy of optical cable is selected, and first data collector and the acquisition of the second data are obtained according to positioning accuracy
The sample rate of device, and the pulse frequency and pulse width of the trigger pulse light of the trigger source of optical fiber vibration sensing device are set；
The time threshold section of first data collector and second data collector is set, and the is obtained according to setting
One data collector and the second data collector are in the gathered data in time threshold section；
The data of acquisition are analyzed.
Preferably, the data of acquisition are carried out with analysis to specifically include：
The data of acquisition are analyzed, and judge whether vibration event；
If so, the oscillation point that vibration event is occurred by calculating analysis positions, and alarm, and continue to obtain
The data in next time threshold section；
If it is not, continue to obtain the data in next time threshold section.
It should be noted that laser sends out continuous light, by driver harmony light modulator modulates into pulsed light, and touch
Rise the repetition rate and pulse width of the pulsed light that driver harmony light modulator modulates can be controlled to go out；Acousto-optic modulator is defeated
The pulsed optical signals gone out are reached in fiber amplifier, after fiber amplifier is amplified and filters to pulsed optical signals, by pulse
Optical signal is output to Polarization Controller, and Polarization Controller adjusts the polarization of pulsed optical signals, is then output to pulsed optical signals
First coupler, the first coupler are 1*2 couplers, and the pulsed optical signals that will enter into the first coupler are divided into two paths of signals,
Respectively forward pulse optical signal and backward pulsed optical signals, wherein forward pulse optical signal enter the second coupler, the second coupling
Clutch is 2*2 couplers, and the forward pulse optical signal to come from the first coupler transfer is again broken down into two-way pulsed optical signals,
Two input terminals of third coupler, then, the second coupler, the second light are reached by the second optical fiber and third optical fiber respectively
Fine, third optical fiber and third coupler form the Mach-Zehnder interferometer of a forward direction successively, and the forward pulse light of entrance is believed
To interference signal before being exported after number being interfered, the third port of forward direction interference signal from third coupler generated after interference is defeated
Go out, the second port of circulator is reached after the first optical fiber, after forward direction interference signal enters circulator, from the third of circulator
Port is entered in the first detector, the first data collector collected under the control of trigger source before to interference signal.
The backward pulsed optical signals of first coupler output reach the first port of circulator, into circulator, then from
The second port of circulator is output in the first optical fiber, and the second pulsed optical signals enter third coupler by the first optical fiber
In, backward pulsed optical signals are divided into two-way by third coupler, form the pulsed light opposite with original optical signal transmission direction
Signal, because of referred to herein as backward pulsed optical signals, backward pulsed optical signals enter the second coupling by the second optical fiber and third optical fiber
Device, i.e., third coupler, the second optical fiber, third optical fiber and the second coupler form a backward Mach Zeng Degan successively at this time
Interferometer interferes backward pulsed optical signals and exports backward interference signal, and backward interference signal is from the of the second coupler
Four ports export, and enter in the second detector, and the second data collector is believed after being collected under the control of trigger source to interference
Number.
By the forward direction interference signal that the first data collector of comparison and the second data collector collect respectively with after
To the interference pattern of interference signal, the first detector and the second detector are reached to interference signal and backward interference signal before calculating
Time difference, so as to fulfill vibration interfere point location.
It is provided below with reference to second embodiment and second embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 3 a kind of based on pulsed light
The vibration interference point location schematic diagram of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device, is described in detail vibration interference independent positioning method：
Wherein, the second optical fiber using between the second coupler and third coupler and third optical fiber are as the embodiment of the present invention
The sensing sensing part of the device of offer, then, if two interfere arms between the second coupler and third coupler are same
Two core fibres of optical cable, then the length difference of the second optical fiber between the second coupler and third coupler and third optical fiber is away from very
Small, i.e. the arm length difference very little of two interfere arms between the second coupler and third coupler can be neglected, it is assumed that in distance
Have occurred vibration event at second Z meters of coupler, and the first detector and the second detector be respectively received before to interference signal
Time difference with backward interference signal is Δ t, then
L in above formula is the fiber lengths of the second optical fiber or third optical fiber, and n is optical fibre refractivity, then the positioning accurate of device
It spends and is：
Take c=3 × 108M/s, n=1.467, when the sample frequency of the first collector and the second collector be 20MHz, adopt
Sample rate is the frequency of collector acquisition optical signal, and the corresponding sampling interval is 5 × 10-8S, the theory orientation precision of device are
X=5.1 meters of Δ.
A kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device synchronization time difference based on pulsed light provided in an embodiment of the present invention is true
Determining step is：
Laser exports continuous light, and continuous light enters acousto-optic modulator, and acousto-optic modulator is in the control of trigger source and driver
By continuous light modulation into pulsed light under system, and pulsed light is exported, the time of record triggering acousto-optic modulator is T0；
It is high speed acquisition pattern to set the first data collector and the second data collector, and preferably sample rate is
500MHz, then records the first data collector respectively and the second data collector measures time of pulsed optical signals and is respectively
T1、T2；
The forward pulse synchro measure time difference is calculated as t1=T1-T0, backward impulsive synchronization time of measuring difference is t2
=T2-T0.
Below with reference to second embodiment, one kind of Fig. 3 and second embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 4 offer is based on arteries and veins
The workflow schematic diagram of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device washed off, it should be noted that provided in an embodiment of the present invention
A kind of distributed vibration sensor based on pulsed light performs a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration based on pulsed light at work
Method for sensing, is described in detail the workflow of the embodiment of the present invention on the basis of above-mentioned step flow, and method includes step S10 extremely
S80：
S10 judges whether selected optical cable is to measure or judge that synchronization time of selected optical cable is for the first time
It is no to need to correct；
S21, if selected optical cable either needs to correct synchronization time to measure for the first time, into synchronization time difference
It determines flow, obtains the synchronization time of the first data collector and the second data collector respectively, i.e., during above-mentioned synchro measure
Between difference t1 and t2；
S22, it is automatic to obtain the last time if selected optical cable is not to measure and do not need to correct synchronization time for the first time
Measure the synchronization time t1 and t2 being stored respectively in the first data collector and the second data collector；
S30, regioselective precision, positioning accuracy is according to formulaIt can be calculated, using positioning accuracy as 5 meters
For, sampling interval Δ t=5 × 10 of the first data collector and the second data collector can be calculated-8S is then sampled
Rate is 20MHz, sets the sample rate of the first data collector and the second data collector as 20MHz, and trigger source is set to control
The pulse frequency of the trigger pulse light of acousto-optic modulator is also 20MHz, pulse width 10ns；
S40, setting triggering acousto-optic modulator of the trigger source in step S30 is by continuous light modulation into meeting predetermined pulse
The pulsed light of frequency and pulse width, and the pulse-triggered time for recording the first triggering acousto-optic modulator of trigger source is t0；
S50 according to the setting of above-mentioned steps S10-S40, is delayed from the t0 moment after the t1 times, i.e., in t3=t0+t1
It carves, it is preceding to interference light signal that the first data collector of triggering starts acquisition；It is delayed after the t2 times from the t0 moment, i.e., in t4=t0
+ t2 moment, the second data collector of triggering start to acquire backward interference light signal；Wherein, the first data collector and the second number
It is configured according to the sample rate of collector according to step S30；
S60 sets a time threshold section, and according to the time threshold section of setting, obtains the first number in the section
According to collector and the second data collector in the time interval collected data, it is preferable that the time threshold section is set
For 0.2s, that is, obtain the setting of the first data collector and the second data collector in 0.2s in above-mentioned steps and collect
Data；
S70 analyzes the data got, judges in the time threshold section of setting with the presence or absence of vibration thing
Part, if there is no vibration event, then the data for continuing to obtain in next time threshold section continue to analyze and determine；
If S80 there are vibration event, positions the oscillation point of event, and analyze event type, output alarm thing
Part；The data that completion then continues to obtain future time threshold interval to the processing of vibration event are analyzed.
3rd embodiment：
It is a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing dress based on pulsed light that third embodiment of the invention provides referring to Fig. 5
The structure diagram put；
Preferably, amplification polarization module 30 includes fiber amplifier, the first coupler, the first Polarization Controller and second partially
Shake controller；The input terminal of the light output end of acousto-optic modulator and fiber amplifier connects, the output terminal of fiber amplifier and the
The first port connection of one coupler, the second port of the first coupler are connect with the input terminal of the first Polarization Controller, and first
The third port of coupler is connect with the input terminal of the second Polarization Controller, and amplification polarization module 30 passes through the first Polarization Controller
It is connect with multiple port signal output module 40, amplification polarization module 30 passes through the second Polarization Controller and interference signal generation module
60 connections.
It should be noted that on the basis of second embodiment, amplification polarization module increases a polarizer, then amplification is inclined
Module of shaking includes fiber amplifier, the first coupler, the first Polarization Controller and the second Polarization Controller, then amplifies polarization module
The first Polarization Controller and the second Polarization Controller respectively can to the first coupler export forward direction interference pulse signal and
Backward interference pulse signal is carried out at the same time polarization beat length, can increase the polarization state adjusting range to pulse signal, shortening pair
The adjustment time of pulse signal so that the forward pulse signal and backward pulse signal of output are in best interference state always.
Fourth embodiment：
It is a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing dress based on pulsed light that fourth embodiment of the invention provides referring to Fig. 6
The structure diagram put；
Preferably, light-pulse generator module 20 includes laser, electrooptic modulator and driver；The output terminal of laser and electricity
The light input end connection of optical modulator, the electrical input of electrooptic modulator and the output terminal of driver connect, light-pulse generator module
20 are connect by driver with trigger control module 10, and the light-pulse generator module 20 is put by the electrooptic modulator with described
Large polarized film block 30 connects.
It should be noted that on the basis of second embodiment, light-pulse generator module can also include laser, electric light tune
Device and driver processed, wherein, laser is connected with the light input interface of electrooptic modulator, the light output interface of electrooptic modulator with
Amplify the fiber amplifier connection of modulation module, the electric input interface of electrooptic modulator and the output port of driver are connected, driven
The output port of the input port of dynamic device and the trigger source of trigger control module connects；Therefore, the embodiment of the present invention is mainly handle
Light-pulse generator module in second embodiment is changed by sending out pulsed light to the control realization of acousto-optic modulator to Electro-optical Modulation
The control of device exports pulsed light；Moreover, the embodiment of the present invention sends out pulsed light, Electro-optical Modulation utensil by electrooptic modulator
There is faster response speed.
5th embodiment：
It is a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing dress based on pulsed light that fifth embodiment of the invention provides referring to Fig. 7
The structure diagram put；
Preferably, light-pulse generator module 20 includes laser and driver；The electricity of the output terminal connecting laser of driver
Interface, light-pulse generator module 20 are connect by driver with trigger control module 10, and the light-pulse generator module 20 is by described
Laser is connect with the amplification polarization module 30.
It should be noted that the light-pulse generator module of the embodiment of the present invention includes laser and driver, implement second
On the basis of example, the output port of laser is directly connected to the input terminal of fiber amplifier, the electrical interface of laser and driver
Output port is connected, the output port connection of the input port of driver and the trigger source of trigger control module；Of the invention real
It applies in example, passes through the control of driver and trigger source so that the continuous light that laser is sent out directly is modulated into pulse light output,
It is input in fiber amplifier, acousto-optic modulator or electrooptic modulator is omitted so that system structure is simple.
It should be noted that second embodiment is provided to the 5th embodiment in the embodiment of the present invention, it is preferable that the first light
Fine, the second optical fiber and third optical fiber are three optical fiber in same root optical cable, and the first optical fiber is guiding optical cable, the second optical fiber and
Third optical fiber is sensor fibre, and the arm length difference between optical fiber can be neglected；Alternatively, the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber and third
Optical fiber is not the optical fiber of same optical cable, and two optical fiber that the second optical fiber and third optical fiber are same optical cable, and, the second optical fiber and
The optical fiber brachium length difference of third optical fiber can be neglected；
First data collector and the second data collector are preferably with independent in the capture card of unified arrange parameter
Trigger two data acquisition channels of power.
The above embodiment is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is impossible to the scope of protection of the invention is limited with this,
The variation and replacement for any unsubstantiality that those skilled in the art is done on the basis of the present invention belong to institute of the present invention
Claimed range.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light, which is characterized in that including trigger control module, pulse
Light source module, amplification polarization module, multiple port signal output module, optic module, interference signal generation module, forward direction interference letter
Number acquisition module and backward interference signal acquisition module；
The trigger control module respectively with the light-pulse generator module, the forward direction interference signal acquisition module and described backward
Interference signal acquisition module connects；The light-pulse generator module is connect with the amplification polarization module, the amplification polarization module
Signaling module is generated with the interference signal and the multiple port signal output module is connect；The multiple port signal output module
It is connect respectively with the forward direction interference signal acquisition module and the optic module；The optic module is produced with the interference signal
Raw module connection, the interference signal generation module are connect with the backward interference signal acquisition module；
The trigger control module controls the pulsed light letter of the default repetition rate of the light-pulse generator module output and pulse width
Number, the pulsed optical signals enter the amplification polarization module, and the amplification polarization module puts the pulsed optical signals
Big and Polarization Control, and the pulsed optical signals are divided into forward pulse signal and backward pulse signal；
The forward pulse signal enters the interference signal generation module, and the interference signal generation module is to the forward direction arteries and veins
It rushes after signal is interfered before exporting and passes through the optic module and the multiterminal to interference signal, the forward direction interference signal
Mouth signal output module enters the forward direction interference signal acquisition module, and the forward direction interference signal acquisition module is in the triggering
The forward direction interference signal is collected under the control of control module；
The backward pulse signal enters the interference signal by the multiple port signal output module and the optic module
Generation module, the interference signal generation module export backward interference signal, institute after interfering the backward pulse signal
Backward interference signal is stated into the backward interference signal acquisition module, the backward interference signal acquisition module is in the triggering
The backward interference signal is collected under the control of control module.
2. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Light-pulse generator module includes laser, acousto-optic modulator and driver；The output terminal of the laser and the acousto-optic modulator
Light input end connection, the rf inputs of the acousto-optic modulator connect with the RF output end of the driver.
3. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Amplify polarization module and include fiber amplifier, Polarization Controller and the first coupler；The light output end of the acousto-optic modulator with
The input terminal connection of the fiber amplifier, the output terminal of the fiber amplifier and the input terminal of the Polarization Controller connect
It connects, the output terminal of the Polarization Controller is connect with the first port of first coupler.
4. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described
Multiple port signal output module includes circulator；The second port of first coupler connects with the first port of the circulator
It connects.
5. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Optic module includes the first optical fiber；The first end of first optical fiber is connect with the second port of the circulator.
6. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that described
Interference signal generation module includes the second coupler, third coupler, the second optical fiber and third optical fiber；First coupler
Third port is connect with the first port of second coupler, the second port of second coupler and second optical fiber
First end connection, the third port of second coupler connect with the first end of the third optical fiber, and the third couples
The first port of device is connect with the second end of second optical fiber, the second port of the third coupler and the third optical fiber
Second end connection, the third port of the third coupler connect with the second end of first optical fiber.
7. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that described
Forward direction interference signal acquisition module includes the first detector and the first data collector；The input terminal of first detector and institute
The third port connection of circulator is stated, the output terminal of first detector is connect with the input terminal of the data collector.
8. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that described
Backward interference signal acquisition module includes the second detector and the second data collector；4th port of second coupler with
The input terminal connection of second detector, the input terminal of the output terminal of second detector and second data collector
Connection.
9. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that described
Trigger control module includes trigger source；The first end of the trigger source is connect with the control terminal of the driver, the trigger source
Second end connect with the control terminal of first data collector, the third end of the trigger source and second data acquire
The control terminal connection of device.
A kind of 10. distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
It states amplification polarization module and includes fiber amplifier, the first coupler, the first Polarization Controller and the second Polarization Controller；The sound
The light output end of optical modulator is connect with the input terminal of the fiber amplifier, the output terminal of the fiber amplifier and described the
The first port connection of one coupler, the second port of first coupler and the input terminal of first Polarization Controller connect
It connects, the third port of first coupler is connect with the input terminal of second Polarization Controller, the amplification polarization module
It is connect by first Polarization Controller with the multiple port signal output module, the amplification polarization module passes through described the
Two Polarization Controllers are connect with the interference signal generation module.
A kind of 11. distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states light-pulse generator module and includes laser, electrooptic modulator and driver；The output terminal of the laser and the Electro-optical Modulation
The light input end connection of device, the electrical input of the electrooptic modulator are connect with the output terminal of the driver, the pulsed light
Source module is connect by the driver with the trigger control module, and the light-pulse generator module passes through the electrooptic modulator
It is connect with the amplification polarization module.
A kind of 12. distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device based on pulsed light as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states light-pulse generator module and includes laser and driver；The output terminal of the driver connects the electrical interface of the laser, institute
It states light-pulse generator module to connect with the trigger control module by the driver, the light-pulse generator module is swashed by described
Light device is connect with the amplification polarization module.
13. a kind of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing method based on pulsed light, which is characterized in that the method is based on by one kind
The distributed optical fiber vibration sensing device of pulsed light performs, the method includes the steps：
The synchronization time difference of the first data collector and the second data collector is determined respectively；
The synchronization time of optical cable is set and first data collector and described the are set according to the synchronization time difference respectively
The synchronization time of two data collectors；
The positioning accuracy of the optical cable is selected, and first data collector and described second are obtained according to the positioning accuracy
The sample rate of data collector, and the pulse frequency and pulse width of the pulsed light of the trigger source triggering are set；
The time threshold section of first data collector and second data collector is set, and institute is obtained according to setting
State the gathered data of the first data collector and second data collector in the time threshold section；
The data of acquisition are analyzed.
A kind of 14. distributed optical fiber vibration sensing method based on pulsed light as claimed in claim 13, which is characterized in that institute
It states that the data of acquisition analyze and specifically includes：
The data of acquisition are analyzed, and judge whether vibration event；
If so, the oscillation point that the vibration event is occurred by calculating analysis positions, and alarm, and continue to obtain
The data in next time threshold section；
If it is not, continue to obtain the data in next time threshold section.
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