CN108103858A - A kind of floating on water surface Rail Transit System - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of floating on water surface Rail Transit Systems, and including two parallel floating tracks that can form traveling navigation channel therebetween, the floating track is carried using buoyancy tank, floats on the water surface, and the bindiny mechanism by being fixed in water is anchored；In addition, further include the transmission shaft being connected on two floating tracks.The Shipping mode of the efficient railway transportation way in ground and the water surface is combined by floating on water surface Rail Transit System of the present invention, use for reference large span, the Design of Cable-Stayed Bridge method of big deep water and the fixed form of offshore platform, it displays one's respective advantages, realize the efficient communications and transportation of the water surface, more energy saving, quick communications and transportation is realized, suitable for river, lake, deepwater communications and transportation.

Description

A water floating rail transit system

technical field

The invention relates to a rail transit system, in particular to a floating rail transit system on water.

Background technique

The ocean area on the earth accounts for as high as 71%, and if the area of lakes and rivers is added, it will even exceed three-quarters. In order to move on the surface of the earth, human beings built bridges, dug tunnels, and built high-speed railways on land; in order to move on water, they invented various ships and warships. But in general, because human activities are concentrated on land, most of the traffic is concentrated on land; water surfaces, such as oceans, lakes, and rivers, are still the biggest factor hindering traffic.

For convenient water transportation, subsea tunnels and sea-crossing bridges are built, such as the English Channel subsea tunnel in Europe, the Hangzhou Bay Bridge in China, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Sea-crossing Bridge at the Pearl River Estuary. Transform the water surface into hard ground through tunnel bridges to achieve convenient transportation. In recent years, the Bohai Bay Cross-sea Tunnel has aroused widespread heated discussions. The Qiongzhou Strait connecting Hainan is still in the debate about whether it should be a bridge or a tunnel.

Whether it is building a bridge on the water surface or digging a tunnel under the water, it is a huge investment project that cannot take advantage of the water surface. The advantage of the water surface is that it has buoyancy, and ship transportation is the lowest-cost transportation method. However, shipping by ship is not the most efficient due to speed constraints. This is because the propulsion of the ship relies on the propeller to push the water forward, but from the perspective of momentum conservation, in order to propel the ship forward, it is necessary to apply force and water through the propeller. Since water is a fluid, it flows under the action of thrust. Therefore, from the perspective of the law of conservation of capacity, the forward movement of the ship will inevitably cause the water to flow backward, which is not an efficient energy utilization method. Humans have also tried this, such as ropes across the river, ferrymen stepping on boats to pull ropes, such as using bamboo poles to push boats in shallow water, and letting trackers use fiber ropes to pull boats on the river bank, etc., but all of them exist. The problem of inefficiency.

Contents of the invention

Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the invention is to provide a water floating rail transit system, which is energy-saving, fast and more efficient.

Technical solution: A water floating rail transit system according to the present invention includes two parallel floating rails capable of forming a driving channel in the middle, the floating rails are carried by buoyant tanks, float on the water surface, and The connecting mechanism is anchored; in addition, it also includes the transmission shaft connected to the two floating tracks.

The floating track is different from existing rails or tram tracks, which are two parallel strips with smooth surfaces or toothed or threaded structures.

The buoyancy tanks are arranged intermittently, fixed on the floating track, and connected in series by the track.

The connecting mechanism is a steel cable stay rope.

The connection mechanism is also provided with an adjustment mechanism, which can make the connection mechanism automatically stretch and adjust according to the rise and fall of the water surface.

The connecting mechanism is anchored on islands in the water or underwater islands and reefs.

When the connecting mechanism is anchored on the underwater island and reef, it is inclined in the water, and is inclined toward the force direction of the track.

The floating track is also provided with a turnout for entering and exiting or changing lanes.

The present invention designs a water surface rail transportation system, which combines land rail transportation and water surface ship transportation, draws lessons from the fixing methods of cable-stayed bridges and offshore platforms, and can realize efficient water surface transportation.

The water surface floating rail transit system of the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

By laying the floating track on the water surface, the forward power of the ship on the water is generated by the interaction between the ship and the track, and the ship is pulled along the laying direction of the floating track. Among them, the floating track is two parallel tracks, and the floating box is used to carry the track to float on the water surface, and the floating track is anchored in the water by the connecting mechanism.

Among them, in order to facilitate water circulation, the floating tanks are discontinuous, fixed on the track, and connected in series by the track.

Wherein, the connecting mechanism may be a steel cable stay rope, and the anchoring method may be based on the bottom terrain, and the steel cable stay rope may be anchored on an underwater island or an underwater island reef.

Among them, the connection mechanism is inclined in the water, inclined to the direction of the track force; and the connection mechanism is also equipped with an adjustment structure, which can automatically adjust the tension of the connection mechanism according to the rise and fall of the water surface. The adjustment mechanism can be spring, hydraulic pressure, etc. mechanism.

Among them, the surface ship floats on the water surface between the two rails, and is connected to the two rails through the transmission shaft. The power of the ship drives the transmission shaft to rotate, and the transmission shaft drives the gear fixed on the rack (the track is set as a rack). Or the screw sleeve fixed on the threaded rail rotates to generate traction; in addition, the traction head can also be designed separately to drive the ship forward with the traction head.

Among them, the floating track has an entrance and an exit for ships to enter and exit through free waters; in addition, the floating track can also be provided with a switch like a railway track for ships to enter and exit or change lanes.

Technical effect: Compared with the existing technology, the floating rail transit system of the present invention combines the efficient railway transportation mode on the ground with the ship transportation mode on the water surface, and draws lessons from the design method of long-span and deep-water cable-stayed bridges and the fixing method of offshore platforms. Give full play to their respective advantages and realize efficient transportation on the water surface, which will inevitably bring about a great change in the transportation mode on the water, break through the restrictions on transportation in the water area, and realize more energy-saving and fast transportation, which has huge social and economic value; the present invention It is suitable for transportation on rivers, lakes and oceans.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of surface transportation of the floating rail transportation system on water according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the floating track design of the water floating rail transit system of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the rack design in the water floating rail transit system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

A water floating rail transit system, comprising two parallel floating rails capable of forming a driving channel in the middle, the floating rails are carried by buoyant boxes, float on the water surface, and are anchored by a connection mechanism fixed in the water; in addition, Also included are drive shafts attached to the two flotation tracks.

The specific method and optimization settings are as follows:

As shown in Figure 1, the water floating rail transit system has two opposite waterways 101 and 103, each waterway has two parallel tracks 105, the tracks are anchored on the bottom of the water or islands and reefs 102, and ships 104 are in the waterway When traveling, the power of the ship itself drives the transmission shaft 106 on the track, thereby generating traction and driving the ship to run in the waterway. Both ends of the waterway are free waters, and the ship can use its own propeller to sail freely. When entering the floating track, the power to drive the propeller is used to drive the drive shaft on the track. When the ship reaches the end point, the transmission shaft is retracted, enters the free water area, and is propelled by the propeller.

Fig. 2 shows the design of the floating track, as shown in the figure, the floating track 202 is supported by the buoyancy of the buoyancy tank 203 to float on the water surface, and the track is fixed on the seabed 206 by steel cable stays, and the ship travels in the waterway 201 along the direction 204. The force direction of the track is opposite to the direction of travel, while the inclination direction of the cable stay rope is the same as the force direction of the track, and the specific inclination degree is designed according to specific conditions. Among them, the cable stay rope is equipped with devices that can expand and contract according to the force, such as springs and hydraulic pressure. When the water level fluctuates, the buoyancy force received by the buoyancy box will increase, so the force on the cable stay rope will also increase. When the self-expanding device according to the force situation is adopted, the track can be guaranteed to float on the water surface all the time. In addition, the track 202 can also have a fork 208 to realize the ship changing lanes. When the water depth is relatively deep, such as the ocean, the maximum water depth has tens of thousands of meters. From economic considerations, the islands and reefs 207 in the sea should be fully utilized, even if the selected route is not the shortest route. In addition, the anchor point spacing of the steel cable stay rope can be designed according to the specific force analysis.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the design of the track. As shown in the figure, the track 301 is a rack with a gear 302 on the rack, and the gear can be driven by the transmission shaft of the ship to form a pulling force. In addition, the design of the track can also adopt the method of a ball screw, that is, the track is a screw, and the nut on the screw can be driven to generate tension.

In summary, the present invention proposes a design method for floating rail transit systems on the water surface: combining the efficient railway transportation mode on the ground with the ship transportation mode on the water surface, and drawing lessons from the design method of long-span, deep-water cable-stayed bridges and offshore platforms The fixing methods of each vehicle give full play to their respective advantages to realize efficient transportation on the water surface. It can be applied to such as the Qiongzhou Strait, the Bohai Sea cross-sea, the Taiwan Strait, China-Japan-Korea cross-sea Unicom, and even trans-ocean shipping.

Claims (7)

1. A water floating rail transit system, characterized in that it comprises two parallel floating rails that can form a driving channel in the middle, the floating rails are carried by buoyant tanks, float on the water surface, and are connected by a connection fixed in the water. The mechanism is anchored; in addition, it includes the transmission shaft connected to the two floating tracks. 2. The water floating rail transit system according to claim 1, characterized in that the floating tanks are arranged intermittently, fixed on the floating rails, and connected in series by the rails. 3. The water floating rail transit system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting mechanism is a steel cable stay rope. 4. The water floating rail transit system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connection mechanism is also provided with an adjustment mechanism, which can make the connection mechanism automatically stretch and adjust according to the rise and fall of the water surface. 5. The water floating rail transit system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the connecting mechanism is anchored on an underwater island or underwater island reef. 6. The water floating rail transit system according to claim 5, characterized in that, the connection mechanism is inclined in water, and is inclined toward the force direction of the rail. 7. The water floating rail transit system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the floating track is also provided with a switch for entering and exiting or changing lanes.