CN108086260A - Differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height falls bank type stiling basin system and energy dissipating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a differential high and low sill deflecting flow energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling pool system and an energy dissipation method, and relates to the technical field of high dam flood discharge energy dissipation. The system includes differential high and low sill deflector flow energy dissipator, high drop sill type stilling pool and intelligent control unit. Differential high and low ridge deflectors realize the vertical separation, lateral expansion and air collision energy dissipation of the discharged water flow; The falling sill type stilling pool produces a mixed flow state of submerged jet and submerged hydraulic jump, and the energy is greatly dissipated; the intelligent control unit controls the working state of the high sill type stilling pool by analyzing the signal of the water level sensor. The invention significantly improves the energy dissipation effect and reduces the erosion of the downstream river bed by the high-speed discharge water flow through deflecting flow collision energy dissipation, turbulent shearing and turbulent diffusion, and submerged hydraulic jump; at the same time, the length of the stilling pool is shortened, and the bottom of the stilling pool There is no need to set up the apron, which reduces the construction cost.

Description

Differential high and low sill deflecting flow energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling basin system and energy dissipation method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of flood discharge and energy dissipation of high dams, in particular to a differential high and low sill deflector energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling pool system.

Background technique

With the improvement of water energy development and utilization rate, my country has built or is building a large number of large-scale water conservancy projects with the world's leading level. After the high dam reservoir is completed, it can produce significant economic benefits in many fields such as flood control, power generation, shipping and irrigation, but the high dam also puts forward higher requirements for the design of flood discharge and energy dissipation, especially some high arch dams in Southwest my country. For example, Ertan, Xiaowan and Xiluodu, etc., because the dam site is located in a narrow valley, a large amount of flood needs to be released through the dam body.

The deflection flow energy dissipation is a commonly used form of energy dissipation. The deflection flow energy dissipation tool has the advantages of simple structure, convenient construction, saving engineering costs, and strong adaptability to the amplitude of tail water. The disadvantage is that the downstream local scour is serious, and the tail water The range of water fluctuation and atomization is large, and corresponding engineering protection measures need to be set.

The falling sill type stilling pool is a new energy dissipator with good application prospects. The sill is formed by excavating at a certain depth at the entrance of the stilling pool. The jet flow reaches the bottom plate, and dissipates energy through turbulent shearing with the water body in the stilling pool. The lower part of the water tongue forms a clockwise rolling, and the front of the water tongue forms a submerged hydraulic jump. There is a gap of certain thickness between the main flow and the bottom plate. "Water cushion", thereby reducing the average pressure and flow velocity at the bottom of the stilling tank when the water tongue reaches the bottom plate; but the falling sill type stilling tank still cannot avoid the impact damage of the jet water tongue to the bottom plate, and at the same time cannot fully kill the jet water tongue Therefore, the existing drop-sill type stilling basin is long in length, and the bottom still needs to be equipped with aprons, and the construction volume and cost are huge. At the same time, in order to ensure that the downstream river course is not damaged by the erosion of the water flow, energy dissipation and anti-scour facilities such as sea manholes must also be installed at the tail sill of the stilling pool, which will also increase the amount of construction work and cost. Therefore, it is still necessary to optimize the structure of the drop-sill type stilling basin, reduce the impact damage degree of the water flow to the bottom plate of the stilling basin, improve the energy dissipation effect, and reduce the engineering quantity and construction cost.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a differential high and low sill deflecting flow energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling basin system, which can significantly improve the energy dissipation effect and reduce the erosion of the downstream river bed by the high-speed discharge water flow.

In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide a differential high and low sill deflector energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling pool system, which mainly includes the differential high and low sill deflector energy dissipator , high drop sill type stilling pool, intelligent control unit;

The differential high and low sill deflectors are located on the surface of the chute below the discharge hole, mainly including a differential high sill and a differential low sill; the differential high sill is located in the middle and lower part of the chute, and There are air holes on the surface and the left and right sides. The differential low sill is located at the tail of the chute, and the upper surface is provided with air holes. The differential high sill and the differential low sill are arranged in a tooth-slot pattern along the surface of the chute. ;

The high drop sill type stilling pool is located at the rear of the chute, and mainly includes a drop sill, a secondary dam, an auxiliary dam, and a tail sill distributed from front to back. The first gate is installed on the top of the second dam, the second gate is installed on the top of the auxiliary dam, and the first water level sensor is installed on the left side wall of the high-slump type stilling pool between the falling sill and the second dam. A second water level sensor is installed on the left side wall of the high drop sill type stilling pool between the road dam and the auxiliary dam;

The intelligent control unit mainly includes an intelligent signal conditioner, an A/D signal converter, a PLC controller, and a D/A signal converter connected in sequence, and the first water level sensor and the second water level sensor are connected with the input of the intelligent signal conditioner. The output terminals of the D/A signal converter are connected with the first gate and the second gate.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the differential high sill and the differential low sill include a plurality of teeth and grooves, the teeth and grooves are arranged continuously in the transverse direction, and the teeth are deflecting nose sills with protruding angles , the projection of the teeth on the surface of the chute is trapezoidal. The grooves are the surface areas of the chute on the left and right sides of the teeth. The teeth and grooves of the ridge are arranged alternately with each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper surfaces of the differential high sill and the differential low sill are provided with air holes along the direction of water flow, and the middle of the left and right sides of the differential high sill is provided with Pores on the surface of the chute. The pores can effectively reduce the cavitation damage of the differential high sill and the differential low sill caused by the high-speed discharge water flow.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the distance from the top of the chute to the tail of the chute is 3:2.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary dam is located in the middle of the high drop sill type stilling pool, the auxiliary dam is located between the secondary dam and the tail dam, and the distance from the secondary dam to the secondary dam is the same as that of the auxiliary dam. The ratio of the distance to the end ridge is 3:1.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the secondary dam is higher than that of the auxiliary dam, the height of the second gate after fully opening is higher than the height of the secondary dam, and the height of the auxiliary dam is higher than the tail sill The height after the first gate is fully opened is lower than the height of the drop sill.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first water level sensor is installed at the central position between the drop sill and the second dam, the installation height of the first water level sensor is higher than the height of the second dam, and the second water level The sensor is installed at the central position between the secondary dam and the auxiliary dam, and the installation height of the second water level sensor is higher than that of the auxiliary dam.

Further, the first water level sensor and the second water level sensor are set with different water pressure thresholds.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tail sill is a slope structure, which helps to realize the uniform distribution of the flow velocity of the water out of the pond.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is to provide an energy dissipation method for the differential high and low sill deflector energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling pool system, the method is as follows:

The differential high and low sill deflecting flow energy dissipator realizes the longitudinal separation, lateral expansion and mid-air collision energy dissipation of the discharged water flow;

The high drop sill type stilling pool accepts the water tongue entering in the form of oblique impact jet, and the main flow of the jet flow in the high drop sill type stilling pool produces a mixed flow state of submerged jet and submerged hydraulic jump, and the energy is greatly dissipated;

The intelligent control unit controls the working state of the stilling basin of the high drop sill type by analyzing the signal of the water level sensor.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The differential high sill and the differential low sill in the present invention are arranged in a tooth-slot pattern along the surface of the chute, and the tooth-slot arrangements of the differential high sill and the differential low sill are mutually arranged. Staggered, the shape of the teeth is a trapezoid whose width increases along the way, when the water discharge flows through the differential high sill and the differential low sill, both longitudinal separation and lateral expansion occur, and the process of diffusion and aeration in the air consumes part Energy, and the water flow projected by the differential high sill collides with the water flow projected by the differential low sill during the falling process to dissipate energy in the air;

(2) The sill height of the high sill type stilling pool in the present invention is much higher than that of the traditional stilling pool, and the water level in the upstream area of the high sill type stilling pool is high under the water retaining effect of the Erdaoba, which has Sufficient water cushion thickness, the water tongue entering the high-slope type stilling pool by submerging the impact jet will gradually deflect downstream before directly impacting the high-slope type stilling pool floor, the streamline bends and turns, and the energy is greatly dissipated , eventually forming a horizontal flow, avoiding the scour pits formed downstream of the energy dissipation in the traditional deflecting flow energy dissipation process, which is conducive to ensuring the overall stability of the reservoir dam and the energy dissipation structure, and further improving the energy dissipation effect. At the same time, the force dissipation The length of the pool is shortened, and there is no need to set up an apron at the bottom of the stilling pool, which reduces the amount of construction work and the cost of the project;

(3) The high drop sill type stilling pool in the present invention is provided with a secondary dam and an auxiliary dam, which can ensure the energy dissipation efficiency of the submerged hydraulic jump under different discharge flow conditions, so that the discharge flow can fully dissipate energy, and the high The water body on the downstream side of the falling sill type stilling pool is smoothly connected with the water body in the downstream channel to ensure that the downstream channel is not damaged by water erosion. , reduce the amount of construction work and reduce the cost of the project;

(4) The intelligent control unit in the present invention adjusts the working state of the high-sill type stilling basin according to different discharge conditions by analyzing the signal of the water level sensor, and improves the energy dissipation effect on the basis of meeting the discharge requirements.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the differential high and low sill deflecting flow energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling basin system of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a top view of the differential high and low sill deflector energy dissipator;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the teeth of the differential high sill;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the stilling basin of the high drop sill type;

Fig. 5 is the structural block diagram of described intelligent control unit;

The marks of each part in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. Discharge hole, 2. Drain groove, 3. Differential high and low sill deflector energy dissipator, 31. Differential high sill, 32. Differential low sill, 33. Blowhole, 34. Teeth, 35. Groove, 4. High drop sill type stilling basin, 41. Fall sill, 42. Tail sill, 43. Second dam, 44. First gate, 45. Auxiliary dam, 46 , second gate, 47, first water level sensor, 48, second water level sensor, 5, intelligent control unit, 51, intelligent signal conditioner, 52, A/D signal converter, 53, PLC controller, 54, D /A signal converter, 6, the downstream river.

Detailed ways

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, so as to define the protection scope of the present invention more clearly.

Please refer to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention comprises:

A differential high and low sill energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling basin system mainly includes a differential high and low sill deflecting flow energy dissipator 3 , a high sill type stilling basin 4 , and an intelligent control unit 5 .

The differential high and low ridge deflectors 3 are located on the surface of the drain 2 below the discharge hole 1 and mainly include a differential high ridge 31 and a differential low ridge 32 . Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the differential high ridge 32 is located in the middle and lower part of the chute 2, the ratio of the distance from the top of the chute 2 to the tail of the chute 2 is 3:2, and the upper surface is provided with The air holes 33 along the water flow direction and the left and right sides are all provided with air holes 33 perpendicular to the surface of the discharge tank 2 . The differential high sill 32 is closer to the bottom of the chute 2, which can ensure that the pool entry distance of the sling and collide with the water tongue will not be too far from the sill. The differential low-slung ridge 32 is located at the tail of the chute 2, and its upper surface is provided with air holes 33 along the direction of water flow. The air hole 33 can effectively reduce the cavitation damage of the differential high sill 31 and the differential low sill 32 by the high-speed water discharge. The differential high sill 31 and the differential low sill 32 are arranged in a tooth-slot manner along the surface of the discharge chute 2, and the differential high sill 31 and the differential low sill 32 include a plurality of teeth 34 and grooves. 35. Teeth 34 and grooves 35 are arranged horizontally and continuously. The teeth 34 are deflecting nose sills with specific angles. 31 and the pick angle of the teeth 34 of the differential type low pick ridge 32 are all set between 5°-20°. The projection of the tooth 34 on the surface of the chute 2 is trapezoidal, and the height of the tooth 34 gradually increases along the direction of the water flow. The groove 35 is the surface area of the chute 2 on the left and right sides of the tooth 34 . Along the water flow direction on the surface of the chute 2 , the teeth 34 and grooves 35 of the differential high ridge 31 and the teeth 34 and grooves 35 of the differential low ridge 32 are arranged alternately.

The high drop sill type stilling pool 4 is located at the rear of the chute 2, and mainly includes the drop sill 41, the secondary dam 43, the auxiliary dam 45, the tail sill 42, the drop sill 41 and the chute 2 distributed from front to back. The tail is connected, and the tail sill 42 is connected with the downstream river channel 6. The tail sill 42 is a slope structure, which helps to realize the uniform distribution of the flow velocity of the water flowing out of the pond. In conjunction with Fig. 4, the secondary dam 43 is located in the middle of the high drop sill type stilling pool 4, and the auxiliary dam 45 is located between the secondary dam 43 and the tail dam 42, and the distance from the secondary dam 45 to the secondary dam 43 is the same as that of the secondary dam 43. The ratio of the distance from the dam 45 to the tail sill 42 is 3:1. The first gate 44 is installed on the top of the second dam 43, the second gate 46 is installed on the top of the auxiliary dam 45, and the left side wall of the high-fall sill type stilling pool 4 between the falling sill 41 and the second dam 43 is installed. A first water level sensor 47 is arranged, and a second water level sensor 48 is installed on the left side wall of the high drop sill type stilling pool 4 between the secondary dam 43 and the auxiliary dam 45 . Because the hydraulic jump energy dissipation of the discharged water should be controlled as far as possible before the second dam 43 to ensure energy dissipation efficiency, the first gate 44 will be lowered and the second gate 46 will be raised during the flood season to control the hydraulic jump position at the second dam. Between the channel dam 43 and the auxiliary dam 45; when the discharge flow rate is very large, this working condition cannot ensure that the water body in the stilling tank 4 is quickly discharged downstream, and the second gate 46 is lowered to enter the third working condition, but this The energy dissipation efficiency will be reduced, so in order to maximize the scope of application of the first working condition, the second dam 43 is located in the middle of the stilling basin 4, in order to ensure that the scope of application of the second working condition is greater than that of the third working condition, so The ratio of the distance from the auxiliary dam 45 to the second dam 43 and the distance from the auxiliary dam 45 to the tail sill 42 is 3:1.

Specifically, the height of the secondary dam 43 is higher than the height of the secondary dam 45, the height of the second gate 46 after fully opening is higher than the height of the secondary dam 43, and the height of the secondary dam 45 is higher than that of the tail dam 42. Height, the height after the first gate 44 is fully opened is lower than the height of the drop sill 41 . The first water level sensor 47 is installed in the central position between the drop dam 41 and the second dam 43, the installation height of the first water level sensor 47 is higher than the height of the second dam 43, and the second water level sensor 48 is installed on the second dam 43. At the central position between the road dam 43 and the auxiliary dam 45 , the installation height of the second water level sensor 48 is higher than the height of the auxiliary dam 45 .

Further, the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 are set with different water pressure thresholds. The water pressure threshold p ₁ of the first water level sensor 47 is ρgh ₁ , and the water pressure threshold p ₂ of the second water level sensor 48 is ρgh ₂ , where ρ is the density of water, g is the acceleration of gravity, and h ₁ is the complete opening of the first gate 44. The height after opening, h ₂ is the height after the second gate 46 is fully opened.

In conjunction with Fig. 5, the intelligent control unit 5 is installed inside the drainage structure below the chute 2, and it mainly includes an intelligent signal conditioner 51, an A/D signal converter 52, a PLC controller 53, a D/ A signal converter 54, the first water level sensor 47, and the second water level sensor 48 are all connected to the input end of the intelligent signal conditioner 51, and the output end of the D/A signal converter 54 is connected to the first gate 44 and the second gate 46 . The water level signals detected by the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 are output to the A/D signal converter 52 after being conditioned by the intelligent signal conditioner 51, and the A/D signal converter 52 converts the detected analog signal The digital signal that can be recognized by the PLC controller 53, the PLC controller 53 outputs the pulse signal according to the established function model, and the output result is converted into an analog signal by the D/A signal converter 54 to control the first gate 44 and the second gate 46 Perform opening and closing operations. Specifically, the PLC controller 53 compares the water level value of the stilling tank detected by the water level sensor with the set threshold value, and outputs a pulse signal. If the high level is specified, it corresponds to the closing gate operation. If the threshold is designed, a high level is output, which can be converted into an analog signal by the D/A signal converter 54 to control the closing of the gate.

The energy dissipation method using the differential high and low sill deflecting flow energy dissipator-high drop sill type stilling basin system specifically includes the following steps:

① Initially, the first gate 44 installed on the top of the secondary dam 43 is in an open state, and the second gate 46 installed on the top of the auxiliary dam 45 is in a closed state. The water level on the upstream side of the high-sill type stilling tank 4 in front of 43 is lower than the height after the first gate 44 on the top of the Erdaoba 43 is fully opened, and the water level on the downstream side of the high-sill type stilling tank 4 behind the Erdaoba 43 is higher than The height of the auxiliary dam 45 and the tail sill 42, the water body on the downstream side is smoothly connected with the water body in the downstream channel 6, the installation heights of the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 are higher than the water level at their respective installation positions, the first water level The sensor 47, the second water level sensor 48 and the intelligent control unit 5 are in standby state;

②The high-speed water flow discharged through the discharge hole 1 flows downstream along the surface of the discharge groove 2. When the discharged water flows to the position of the differential high-slung sill 31, the water flow is separated longitudinally, and part of the water flow is at the differential high-slung sill 31. Under the action of the tooth 34, the protruding occurs, because the tooth 34 expands laterally along the direction of water flow, and the water flow protruded by the tooth 34 expands laterally more significantly in the air, and the provoked water flow diffuses, aerates, and consumes in the air. Part of the energy and the other part of the water flow through the groove 35 and continue to discharge along the surface of the chute 2 to the differential low ridge 32, because the teeth 34-grooves 35 of the differential high ridge 31 and the differential low ridge 32 are arranged alternately Most of the water discharged to the differential low-slung sill 32 is ejected under the action of the teeth 34 of the differential low-slung sill 32, the water flow is separated longitudinally, and the prospered water tongue spreads in the air, Aerating and consuming part of the energy, the other small part of the water flow flows into the water body of the stilling pool 4 of the high drop sill type along the differential low sill 32 through the groove 35;

③The water flow projected by the differential high sill 31 moves similarly to a parabola, and starts to fall after reaching the highest point of the sill, and collides with the water flow projected by the differential low sill 32 in the air during the falling process Energy dissipation, after the collision of the two streams of jetting water, the water body at the edge is broken into many small water strands due to the collision, and the original jet trajectory of each strand is used as the outer boundary, and falls into the high drop sill type stilling pool in a fan shape 4 Outside the water body, the main streams of the two protruding jets merge into a water tongue, which falls into the water body of the stilling pool 4 in the form of oblique impact jets;

④ The water tongue that falls into the high-slope type stilling pool 4 in the form of oblique impact jets moves toward the bottom of the high-slope type stilling pool 4 in the form of submerging the impact jet, and the water flow entering the pool and the energy-dissipating water body produce a strong interaction. At the same time, a swirl is formed on both sides of the main flow of the jet. Through strong turbulent shear and turbulent diffusion, the flow velocity of the main flow of the jet is greatly reduced, and the kinetic energy is quickly dissipated. In the stage of submerging the impact jet, it enters the high-slip type The water tongue of stilling pool 4 will dissipate most of its energy;

⑤Because the second dam 43 and the first gate 44 are arranged in the high drop sill type stilling tank 4, the water level in the upstream side area of the high drop sill type stilling tank 4 in front of the second dam 43 is high, and the submerged impinging jet flow is in turbulent water flow. Under the action of dynamic and rolling guidance, the mainstream of the jet flow is gradually deflected downstream before it directly hits the bottom plate of the high-sill type stilling basin 4, and the streamline bends and turns, finally forming a horizontal flow, forming a submerged flow in front of the second dam 43 In a hydraulic jump, the mainstream passes over the first gate 44 at the top of the second dam 43 under the action of the entrainment and jacking of the tumbling below, and the energy of the water flow is further dissipated. After the above multiple energy dissipation, it crosses the first gate 44 at the top of the second dam 43 After the water flows into the downstream side of the high drop sill type stilling tank 4, it will not cause turbulence on the water surface on the downstream side, and the water body on the downstream side is smoothly connected with the water body in the downstream channel 6, so as to ensure that the downstream channel is not damaged by water erosion;

⑥ Entering the flood season, the amount of water discharged through the discharge hole 1 will be higher than the normal amount of water discharged. At this time, the water level in the stilling pool 4 of the high drop sill type will rise significantly. When the water level in front of the second dam 43 is close to the second dam 43 At the height after the first gate 44 on the top is fully opened, the submersion coefficient σ _j of the hydraulic jump is greatly increased, and the length of the hydraulic jump is significantly increased. Before the second dam 43, the submerged hydraulic jump cannot be formed, resulting in the entire high-fall sill-shaped stilling force. The energy dissipation effect of the pool 4 is reduced, and the water level at this time reaches the water pressure threshold set by the first water level sensor 47, and the first water level sensor 47 transmits the analog signal representing the water level information to the intelligent control unit 5 through a dedicated line, and the intelligent control unit 5 When the first gate 44 is controlled to close, the second gate 46 is controlled to open, and part of the water body in the high-falling sill type stilling tank 4 crosses the second dam 43, and the water level in the high-slung sill type stilling tank 4 decreases, and the main flow of the jet flow is in the secondary dam. A submerged hydraulic jump occurs in front of the dam 45, and the main flow crosses the second gate 46 on the top of the auxiliary dam 45 under the entrainment and jacking action of the swirling below, and the energy of the water flow is further dissipated. After the water flow of the gate 46 merges into the downstream side of the high drop sill type stilling pool 4, it will not cause turbulence on the water surface on the downstream side, and the water body on the downstream side is smoothly connected with the water body in the downstream channel 6, ensuring that the downstream channel is not damaged by water erosion;

⑦In the case of rare-scale floods or sudden extreme precipitation, when the water level of the reservoir soars and threatens the safety of the dam, rapid flood discharge is required. At this time, large-scale and long-term discharge will be carried out through the discharge hole 1. The amount of discharged water is very large, and the water level in the high drop sill type stilling tank 4 rises rapidly. After the operation of step 6 is performed, the water level in front of the auxiliary dam 45 is still close to or exceeds the height after the second gate 46 on the top of the auxiliary dam 45 is fully opened. It is impossible to form a submerged hydraulic jump in front of the auxiliary dam 45, and it is no longer possible to fully dissipate the energy of the discharged water in the high drop sill type stilling tank 4. In this case, the water body in the high drop sill type stilling tank 4 should be Discharge quickly to avoid the impact on the normal discharge of the dam due to excessive water level. At this time, the water level reaches the water pressure threshold set by the second water level sensor 48, and the second water level sensor 48 transmits the analog signal representing the water level information through a dedicated line To the intelligent control unit 5, the intelligent control unit 5 controls the closing of the second gate 46, so as to facilitate the rapid discharge of the water body in the stilling pool 4 to the downstream channel 6;

8. During the execution of steps ⑥～⑦, the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 transmit the analog signal representing the water level information to the intelligent control unit 5 through a dedicated line, and the intelligent control unit 5 controls the first gate 44 and the second gate. The corresponding opening and closing operations of the two gates 46 are all received by the intelligent signal conditioner 51, and the analog signals sent by the first water level sensor 47 and the second water level sensor 48 are converted into digital signals by the A/D signal converter 52 Transmission to the PLC controller 53, the PLC controller 53 outputs the pulse signal according to the established function model, and the output result is converted into an analog signal by the D/A signal converter 54 to control the first gate 44 and the second gate 46 to perform corresponding opening and closing operations ;

According to the corresponding steps above, the energy dissipation effect of the high-speed downflow can be improved.

The invention significantly improves the energy dissipation effect and reduces the erosion of the downstream riverbed by the high-speed discharge water flow through deflecting flow collision energy dissipation, turbulent shearing and turbulent diffusion, and submerged hydraulic jump; at the same time, the length of the stilling pool is shortened, and the bottom of the stilling pool There is no need to set up the apron, which reduces the amount of construction work and reduces the cost of the project.

The above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technologies fields, all of which are equally included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height falls bank type stiling basin system, which is characterized in that mainly including differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, height fall bank type stiling basin, intelligent control unit；

The differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building, which is located at below discharge orifice, lets out rooved face, mainly include the tall bank of differential type, Differential type is low to choose bank；The tall bank of differential type, which is located at, lets out slot middle and lower part, and upper surface, left and right side are equipped with stomata, and differential type is low It chooses bank and is equipped with stomata positioned at slot tail, upper surface is let out, rooved face is let out with tooth-slot in the tall bank of differential type bank edge of choosing low with differential type Alternate mode is arranged；

The height, which falls bank type stiling basin and is located at, lets out the rear portion of slot, it is main include being distributed from front to back fall bank, Er Daoba, auxiliary dam, End sill falls bank and is connected with letting out slot tail, and end sill is connected with downstream river course；Two dam crest portions are equipped with the first gate, auxiliary dam top Second gate is installed, falls the height between bis- dams of Kan Yu and falls the first level sensor is installed in side wall on the left of bank type stiling basin Device, the height between two dams and auxiliary dam falls is equipped with the second water level sensor on the left of bank type stiling basin in side wall；

The intelligent control unit mainly include be sequentially connected intelligent signal conditioner, A/D signal adapters, PLC controller, D/A signal adapters, the input terminal of the first water level sensor, the second water level sensor with intelligent signal conditioner are connected, D/A The output terminal of signal adapter is connected with the first gate, the second gate.

2. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature exists In the tall bank of differential type bank of choosing low with differential type includes multiple teeth and slot, tooth and the laterally consecutive arrangement of slot, and the tooth is tool Have a defrlector bucket for choosing angle, tooth let out rooved face be projected as it is trapezoidal, the slot to let out rooved face region at left and right sides of tooth, Rooved face is let out along water (flow) direction, the tooth and the slot tooth for choosing bank low with differential type and slot of the tall bank of differential type are mutually handed over respectively Mistake arrangement.

3. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature exists The stomata along water (flow) direction is equipped in, the tall bank of the differential type and the low upper surface for choosing bank of differential type, differential type is high It chooses and is equipped in the middle part of bank left and right side perpendicular to the stomata for letting out rooved face.

4. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature exists In the tall bank distance of differential type lets out the distance in groove top portion and distance lets out the ratio of distances constant of slot tail as 3：2.

5. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature exists In two dam is located at height and falls in the middle part of bank type stiling basin, and the auxiliary dam is between two dams and end sill, auxiliary dam to two dams The ratio of distances constant of distance and auxiliary dam to end sill be 3：1.

6. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature exists In for the height on two dam higher than auxiliary dam height, the height after second gate fully opens is higher than two height of dam degree, institute The height for stating auxiliary dam is higher than the height of end sill, and the height after first gate fully opens is less than the height for falling bank.

7. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature exists In first water level sensor is mounted on the middle position fallen between bis- dams of Kan Yu, and the installation of the first water level sensor is high Degree is higher than the height on two dams, and second water level sensor is mounted on the middle position between two dams and auxiliary dam, the second water The setting height(from bottom) of level sensor is higher than the height of auxiliary dam.

8. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 or 7 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature It is, first water level sensor and the second water level sensor are provided with different hydraulic pressure force thresholds.

9. differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height according to claim 1 falls bank type stiling basin system, feature exists In the end sill is ramp structure.

10. fall the energy dissipating side of bank type stiling basin system based on differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building-height described in claim 1 Method, which is characterized in that

The differential type High-low Bucket Energy Dissipation Building is realized to being longitudinally separated of the lower stream that sluices, extending transversely and midair collision disappears Energy；

The height is fallen bank type stiling basin and accepts the overflow entered in the form of oblique impact jet flow, and jet stream mainstream falls bank type in height and disappears power Pond generates the mixing pattern of submerged jets and submerged hydraulic jump, and energy significantly dissipates；

The working condition that the intelligent control unit falls height by analyzing the signal of water level sensor bank type stiling basin is controlled System.