CN108071344B - A three-stage reaming drilling tool and drilling method for bidirectional reciprocating drilling of large-diameter well-forming wells in tectonic coal - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a three-stage reaming drilling tool for bidirectional reciprocating drilling of large-diameter wells in tectonic coal. Suitable for use in coal mines. The plunger bit is used to complete the first and second-level reaming, the blade is used to complete the third-level reaming, and the reaming is activated by hydraulic control; the reaming pump pressure is changed from a fixed pressure value to a certain range of pressure by a spring. Improve the operability of reaming pressure control; the inner pipe of the three-stage reaming recovery assembly drill tool is composed of upper and lower sections, and is connected and sealed by the inner pipe connecting sealing ring, so that the downward movement of the blade blocking mechanism is closely related to the blade blade. The knife is completed step by step. It can realize drilling and reaming in various ways such as horizontal wells, vertical wells and inclined wells in soft strata such as tectonic coal. gas development and other engineering activities.

Description

A three-stage reaming drilling tool for large-diameter well-forming two-way reciprocating drilling in tectonic coal and drilling method

technical field

The invention relates to a three-stage reaming drilling tool and a drilling method, in particular to a three-stage reaming drilling tool for bidirectional reciprocating drilling of large-diameter wells in tectonic coal.

Background technique

In China, tectonic coal is widely developed and tectonic coalbed methane resources are abundant. However, due to the prominent characteristics of tectonic coal, such as rich gas, low permeability, softness, and fragmentation, it is a recognized problem that tectonic coal mining and coalbed methane development are very difficult. Drilling technology can be used as a very important technical means for the development of coalbed methane in tectonic coal. Drilling in tectonic coal to form large-diameter boreholes can increase the range of coal seam pressure relief, improve coal seam permeability, and improve coalbed methane desorption rate and efficiency. With the gradual increase of the development depth of coal resources, the drilling technology is also becoming more and more mature. However, the reaming drilling of the deep, broken and soft structural coal seam is still a huge challenge for the drilling technology.

The current reaming while drilling equipment is mainly based on pitching and differential pressure activation, with blades as the main blade form, mainly including mechanical reamer and hydraulic reamer. The representative molding equipment with reference significance are: Rhino reamer, which uses the blade limit block to determine the reaming stroke, and is designed with spray holes and large flow channels; Weatherford Ripetide reamer, the control part can be used for both pitching and Can use radio frequency transmission for control; BakerHughes' GaugeProXPR expandable reamer while drilling, throwing the ball to open the extended blade, using set screws instead of shear pins, and setting a water hole above the body; Tesco's Underreatner reamer , with a stabilizer on the body; Halliburton XR reamer, which can be retracted after reaming on the basis of the original pilot; Anderreamer reamer, which adopts sliding hydraulic expansion, pitching and differential pressure activation. In recent years, plunger-type reaming tools have also appeared.

The two core indicators for evaluating the drilling tool reaming technology are the reaming series and the reaming rate. Generally speaking, the hole expansion rate has a certain correlation with the hole expansion series, that is, the larger the hole expansion series is, the larger the hole expansion rate is. Based on the current domestic and foreign reaming-while-drilling equipment, the reaming method is single, and the number of reaming stages is low, only one to two, so the reaming rate is also low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to: aiming at the shortcomings of the above-mentioned technology, to provide a solution to the problems of single reaming mode of the current reaming while drilling tool, low reaming series, low reaming rate, and difficulty in forming large-diameter holes, The utility model relates to a three-stage reaming drilling tool and a drilling method for bidirectional reciprocating drilling of large-diameter well-formed wells in tectonic coal with high hole expansion rate.

In order to meet the above requirements, the large-diameter tectonic coal well-formed two-way reciprocating drilling three-stage reaming drilling tool of the present invention includes a pilot hole assembly, a first-stage two-stage reaming recovery assembly, and a three-stage reaming recovery assembly. The pilot assembly is connected with the primary and secondary reaming and recovery assemblies, and the primary and secondary reaming and recovery assemblies are connected with the tertiary reaming and recycling assemblies.

The pilot eye always becomes a drill bit;

The first-stage and second-stage reaming recovery assembly includes an outer casing, and the hollow interior of the outer casing is provided with a piston cavity and a plunger cavity. The hole plunger; the piston cavity is provided with a piston, the piston divides the piston cavity into upper and lower parts, the lower part near the plunger cavity is a hydraulic oil cavity, and the hydraulic oil cavity is provided with hydraulic oil and a spring c, and the piston The upper part of the cavity is provided with a spring d, and the upper part is provided with a rubber plug on the top of the spring d. The outer casing above the rubber plug is provided with two overflow holes connected to the outside of the drilling tool, and two sides of the piston are arranged in sequence. There are two-stage reaming limit holes, one-stage reaming limit holes and in-situ limit holes, and the inner wall of the piston cavity is provided with two-stage reaming limit holes, one-stage reaming limit holes and original position limit holes in pairs. Reaming limiter matched with limit hole;

Said comprises an outer shell, an inner tube is arranged in the outer shell, the inner tube includes a lower inner tube and an upper inner tube, wherein the lower inner tube is partially inserted into the upper inner tube, and a sealing ring is provided at the connection between the lower inner tube and the upper inner tube, wherein the lower inner tube is inserted into the upper inner tube. The bottom end of the inner tube is provided with a lower connection fixing ring, a spring b is sleeved on the outer side of the lower inner tube between the lower connection fixing ring and the inner tube connection sealing ring, and the lower inner tube port of the inner tube is provided with a three-stage reaming activating hole stopper The ball a, the two sides of the upper inner tube are movably provided with two blade wings that can protrude into the outer casing through the blade rotation axis a, the outer side of the blade wings is provided with a plurality of blade teeth, and the connection between the blade wings and the upper inner tube There is also a blade rotating shaft b fixed on the upper inner tube, a spring a is arranged between the upper inner tube and the outer shell, the spring a is sleeved on the upper inner tube, and a mud hole is arranged at the top nozzle of the upper inner tube and is provided with a spring a. It communicates with the outer body of the outer shell. There are limit pins on both sides of the mud hole. The upper inner tube port of the inner tube is provided with a three-stage reaming activation hole blocking ball b near the mud hole. The outer tube is provided with a support for fixing the blade. There is an upper connection fixing ring connected to the lower inner pipe on the support, the inner pipe connection sealing ring is fixed at the lower end of the upper inner pipe, and the outer casing outside the lower inner pipe is inclined with a spray nozzle, so that the inner part of the inner pipe of the drilling tool is connected to the outer casing. The outside of the body is communicated, and before the three-stage reaming, the mud liquid with a certain pressure is ejected from the nozzle to assist the reaming.

The spring d changes the reaming pump pressure from a fixed pressure value to a pressure range of a certain range through buffering, so as to improve the operability of the reaming pressure control.

The upper connecting fixing ring and the lower connecting fixing ring connect the support block and the lower inner pipe into one body to form a blade wing support mechanism.

The upper inner tube is sleeved on the lower inner tube, and the inner tube connection sealing ring is fixed on the lower end of the upper inner tube to realize the sealing connection with the lower inner tube.

A three _- stage reaming method for bidirectional reciprocating drilling of large-diameter wells in tectonic coal is provided. The pressure of the mud pumped by reaming is P ₂ , and the pressure of the mud pumped by the secondary reaming is P ₃ , where P ₁ <P ₂ <P ₃ ;

When the pilot hole is drilled into the design position A, the normal drilling pressure P ₁ is used to pump the mud. During this period, the in-situ limit holes on both sides of the piston match the position of the reaming limiter on the piston cavity wall. At this time The pumped mud enters the lower inner pipe through the upper inner pipe, then enters the overflow hole from the lower inner pipe, and then flows back to the surface along the drilling;

Given the pumping mud pressure P ₂ , the mud pushes the rubber plug to squeeze the spring d to contract, and the spring d applies pressure to the piston, pushing the piston to move and squeezing the spring c to compress. At this time, the first-stage reaming limit holes on both sides of the piston Matching the position of the reaming stopper in the piston cavity wall, the hydraulic oil cavity space becomes smaller, the hydraulic oil is squeezed from the hydraulic oil cavity into the plunger cavity, and the hydraulic oil in the plunger cavity pushes the reaming plunger part Extend and follow the rotation of the drilling tool. The overall rotation of the drilling tool moves back from position A to the design position B to complete the first-stage reaming. At this time, the drilling mud flushing fluid enters the lower inner tube through the upper inner tube, and then enters the lower inner tube. overflow hole, which then flows back to the surface along the well;

Given the pumping mud pressure P ₃ , the mud pushes the rubber plug to squeeze the spring d to continue to shrink, while the spring d continues to apply pressure to the piston, pushes the piston to move and squeezes the spring c to compress. The position hole matches the position of the reaming stopper in the piston cavity wall, the space in the hydraulic oil cavity continues to shrink, and more hydraulic oil is further squeezed from the hydraulic oil cavity into the plunger cavity, and the hydraulic oil in the plunger cavity continues to shrink. The extruding and reaming plungers are fully extended, and the overall rotation of the drilling tool advances from position B to design position A again, thereby completing secondary reaming. Enter the overflow hole from the lower inner pipe, and then flow back to the surface along the well;

Return to normal drilling and pumping mud pressure P ₁ , the mud pressure decreases, the spring c pushes the piston to move, at this time the reaming limiter on the piston cavity returns to match the original position limit holes on both sides of the piston, and the space in the hydraulic oil cavity increase, so that the protruding reaming plunger retracts into the plunger cavity. At this time, the three-stage reaming activation hole stop ball a is put into the drilling tool from the upper inner pipe of the drilling tool, and it passes through under the action of the pumping mud pressure. The three-stage reaming activates the hole blocking ball a to push the supporting block and the lower inner tube to move downward, releasing the blocking of the supporting block to the blade, and the spring b stretches under the action of the downward movement of the lower inner tube, and then removes the upper inner tube from the drilling tool. Throw the three-stage reaming to activate the hole stopper ball b into the drilling tool. Due to the action of the pumping mud pressure, the stopper ball b is used to push the limit pin to disengage, and the upper inner pipe and the inner pipe are connected to the sealing ring. Move down, the spring a shrinks, the upper inner tube drives the blade to rotate around the blade rotation axis a and blade rotation axis b, the blade extends, and the overall rotation of the drilling tool retreats from position A to design position B again, so as to achieve three Stage reaming, at this time, the jet nozzle ejects mud to the well wall to assist the blade reaming, and the pumped mud flushing fluid is sprayed from the mud hole to the outer casing through the inner pipe;

Finally, reduce the pump pressure to zero, the upper inner tube and the lower inner tube retract the blade under the action of spring a and spring b successively, restore the state before reaming, and complete the third stage of the hole section between A and B. reaming method.

Beneficial technical effects:

The key core technology of the present invention is the three main parts of the blade, the retracting mechanism of the plunger bit, and the locking and positioning mechanism, wherein the main function of the locking and positioning mechanism of the plunger bit is to extend the plunger bit to the designed position, Realize first-level and second-level reaming; the main function of the retracting mechanism of the plunger bit is to retract the plunger bit after completing the first-level and second-level reaming; the main function of the blade is to extend the blade and cut the surrounding rocks to achieve Three-stage reaming. By controlling the drilling parameters such as pump volume and pump pressure, the reaming plunger is extended or retracted, and the piston moves at the same time to clamp the reaming limiter and the limit hole to achieve locking positioning. By throwing the activation hole stop ball into the drilling tool, the mud circulation path is changed, so that the blade support and the inner tube move relatively to realize the extension of the blade. Finally, the pump pressure is reduced, and the blade is retracted under the action of the spring.

In order to meet the requirements of reaming while drilling technology, improve the reaming rate, and realize multi-stage reciprocating reaming, the present invention enables the bidirectional reciprocating drilling system to perform the first reverse return trip after the pilot drill assembly implements small-diameter drilling construction. , During the second forward process and the third reverse return process, the hole reaming rate is 150%, 200% and 300% respectively. The main technical indicators are: the well diameter increases by 200%-300% after reaming; reaming can be implemented in the drillability grades I, II, III, IV and V rock masses; the drilling fluid upward return rate is greater than 0.5m/s.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram before the reaming of the three-stage reaming drill of the present invention's tectonic coal large-diameter well-forming two-way reciprocating drilling;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the present invention during the first-level reaming of the tectonic coal large-diameter well-formed two-way reciprocating drilling three-level reaming tool;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the two-way reciprocating drilling of the tectonic coal large-diameter well-formed well according to the present invention during the second-stage reaming of the third-stage reaming tool;

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the present invention during the three-stage reaming of the tectonic coal large-diameter well-forming two-way reciprocating drilling tool for three-stage reaming;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the three-stage reaming drilling tool of the present invention for constructing a coal large-diameter well-forming two-way reciprocating drilling:

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-stage reaming recovery assembly used for bi-directional reciprocating drilling into a three-stage reaming drilling tool for tectonic coal large-diameter well formation according to the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structure schematic diagram of the three-stage reaming recovery assembly blade opening of the two-way reciprocating drilling of the three-stage reaming drilling tool for constructing a coal large-diameter well according to the present invention;

8 is a schematic structural diagram of the pilot assembly and the primary and secondary reaming recovery assemblies of FIG. 1;

9 is a schematic structural diagram of the pilot assembly and the primary and secondary reaming recovery assemblies of FIG. 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of the pilot eye assembly and the primary and secondary reaming and recovery assemblies of FIG. 3 .

In the picture: 1-outer shell, 2-mud hole, 3-limiting pin, 4-spring a, 5-knife wing rotation axis a, 6-knife wing, 7-knife tooth, 8-support block, 9-upper Connection fixing ring, 10-spray nozzle, 11-spring b, 12-lower connection fixing ring, 13-lower inner tube, 14-inner tube connection sealing ring, 15-upper inner tube, 16-three-stage reaming to activate hole stopper Ball a, 17-Three-stage reaming activation hole blocking ball b, 18- Overflow hole, 19- Rubber plug, 20-Secondary reaming limit hole, 21-First-level reaming limit hole, 22-In-situ Limit hole, 23-reaming stopper, 24-piston, 25-spring c, 26-hydraulic oil chamber, 27-plunger chamber, 28-reaming plunger, 29-drill, 30-spring d, 31 -Leader assembly, 32-first-stage and second-stage reaming recovery assembly, 33-third-stage reaming and recovery assembly, 34-blade rotating shaft b.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

As shown in FIG. 5 , the three-stage reaming drilling tool for large-diameter tectonic coal well-forming bidirectional reciprocating drilling of the present invention includes a pilot hole assembly 31 , a first-stage and two-stage reaming recovery assembly 32 and a third-stage reaming recovery assembly. The assembly 33 , wherein the pilot assembly 31 is connected with the primary and secondary reaming and recovery assemblies 32 , and the primary and secondary reaming and recovery assemblies 32 are connected with the tertiary reaming and recovery assemblies 33 .

As shown in FIG. 8 , FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 , the pilot eye assembly 31 is the drill bit 29 ;

As shown in FIGS. 8 , 9 and 10 , the primary and secondary reaming and recovery assembly 32 includes an outer casing 1 , a hollow interior of the outer casing 1 is provided with a piston cavity and a plunger cavity 27 , wherein the plunger cavity 27 is close to the pilot hole Assembly 31, two reaming plungers 28 are arranged in the plunger cavity 27 in reverse direction; the piston cavity is provided with a piston 24, and the piston 24 divides the piston cavity into upper and lower parts, and is close to the plunger cavity 27 The lower half is the hydraulic oil chamber 26, the hydraulic oil chamber 26 is provided with hydraulic oil and a spring c25, the upper half of the piston chamber is provided with a spring d30, the upper half is provided with a rubber plug 19 on the top of the spring d30, and the spring d30 passes the buffer The reaming pump pressure is changed from a fixed pressure value to a pressure range of a certain range to improve the operability of the reaming pressure control. The outer casing 1 above the rubber plug 19 is provided with two overflow holes connected to the outside of the drilling tool 18. The two sides of the piston 24 are sequentially provided with a secondary reaming limit hole 20, a primary reaming limit hole 21 and an in-situ limit hole 22. The inner wall of the piston cavity is provided with a pair of secondary reaming holes. A reaming stopper 23 matching the limit hole 20 , the first-stage reaming limit hole 21 and the in-situ limit hole 22 ;

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, 33 includes an outer casing 1, and an inner tube is arranged in the outer casing 1. The inner tube includes a lower inner tube 13 and an upper inner tube 15, wherein the lower inner tube 13 is partially inserted into the upper inner tube 15, and the lower inner tube 13 is inserted into the upper inner tube 15. A sealing ring 14 is provided at the connection between the inner tube 13 and the upper inner tube 15, wherein the bottom end of the lower inner tube 13 is provided with a lower connecting fixing ring 12, and the lower connecting fixing ring 12 and the inner tube connecting sealing ring 14 are in the lower inner tube 13. There is a spring b11 on the outer side, the lower inner pipe 13 port of the inner pipe is provided with a three-stage reaming activating hole blocking ball a16, and both sides of the upper inner pipe 15 are movable through the blade rotating shaft a5. The two blade wings 6 are provided with a plurality of blade teeth 7 on the outside of the blade blade 6, and the blade rotation axis b34 fixed on the upper inner tube 15 is also provided at the connection between the blade blade 6 and the upper inner tube 15. A spring a4 is arranged between the tube 15 and the outer casing 1, and the spring a4 is sleeved on the upper inner tube 15. The top nozzle of the upper inner tube 15 is provided with a mud hole 2 and communicates with the outer casing 1. The mud hole 2 is provided on both sides. Limiting nail 3, the port of the upper inner tube 15 of the inner tube is close to the mud hole 2 is provided with a three-stage reaming activation hole blocking ball b17, the outer tube 1 is provided with a support 8 for fixing the blade 6, on the support 8 There is an upper connection fixing ring 9 connecting the lower inner tube 13, the upper connection fixing ring 9 and the lower connection fixing ring 12 connect the support 8 and the lower inner tube 13 as a whole, forming a blade 6 support mechanism, the upper inner tube 15 The inner pipe connecting sealing ring 14 is fixed at the lower end, and the outer casing 1 on the outer side of the lower inner pipe 13 is inclined with a spray nozzle 10, so that the inside of the inner pipe of the drilling tool is communicated with the outside of the outer casing 1. A slurry liquid with a certain pressure is sprayed out of the spray nozzle 10 to assist the hole reaming.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 4, a three-stage reaming method for bidirectional reciprocating drilling of large-diameter wells in tectonic coal is as follows: Design the position of the three-stage reaming to be the hole between A and B. section; define the normal drilling pumping mud pressure as P ₁ , the first-stage reaming pumping mud pressure as P ₂ , and the second-stage reaming pumping mud pressure as P ₃ , where P ₁ <P ₂ <P ₃ ;

When the pilot assembly 31 drills the drill bit 29 into the design position A, the normal drilling pumping mud pressure P ₁ is used. During this period, the in-situ limit holes 22 on both sides of the piston 24 and the reaming limiters on the piston cavity wall are used. 23 is matched in position. At this time, the pumped mud enters the lower inner pipe 13 through the upper inner pipe 15, and then enters the overflow hole 18 from the lower inner pipe 13, and then flows back to the surface along the drilling;

Given the pumping mud pressure P ₂ , the mud pushes the rubber plug 19 to squeeze the spring d30 to contract, and at the same time the spring d30 applies pressure to the piston 24 to push the piston 24 to move and squeeze the spring c25 to compress. The hole limit hole 21 matches the position of the reaming limiter 23 in the piston cavity wall, the space of the hydraulic oil cavity 26 becomes smaller, the hydraulic oil is squeezed from the hydraulic oil cavity 26 into the plunger cavity 27, and the plunger cavity 27 The hydraulic oil in the hole pushes the reaming plunger 28 to partially extend, and rotates with the drilling tool. The whole rotation of the drilling tool moves back from the position A to the design position B to complete the first-stage reaming. At this time, the drilling mud flushing fluid passes through the upper inner pipe. 15 Enter the lower inner pipe 13, and then enter the overflow hole 18 from the lower inner pipe 13, and then flow back to the surface along the drilling;

Given the pumping mud pressure P ₃ , the mud pushes the rubber plug 19 to squeeze the spring d30 to continue to contract, while the spring d30 continues to apply pressure to the piston 24, pushes the piston 24 to move and squeezes the spring c25 to compress. The stage reaming limit hole 20 matches the position of the reaming limiter 23 in the piston cavity wall, the space in the hydraulic oil cavity 26 continues to shrink, and more hydraulic oil is further squeezed from the hydraulic oil cavity 26 to the plunger cavity 27 , the hydraulic oil in the plunger cavity 27 squeezes the reaming plunger 28 to fully extend, and the overall rotation of the drilling tool advances from the position B to the design position A again, thereby completing the secondary reaming. At this time, the flow direction of the drilling mud flushing fluid It enters the lower inner pipe 13 through the upper inner pipe 15, and then enters the overflow hole 18 from the lower inner pipe 13, and then flows back to the surface along the drilling;

Return to normal drilling and pumping mud pressure P ₁ , the mud pressure decreases, the spring c25 pushes the piston 24 to move, at this time the reaming stopper 23 on the piston cavity returns to match the in-situ stopper holes 22 on both sides of the piston 24, and the hydraulic pressure The space in the oil cavity 26 is increased, so that the protruding reaming plunger 28 is retracted into the plunger cavity 27. At this time, the three-stage reaming activation hole stop ball a16 is put into the drilling tool from the upper inner pipe 15 of the drilling tool. Under the action of the pumping mud pressure, the hole blocking ball a16 is activated by the three-stage reaming to push the support block 8 and the lower inner tube 13 to move downward, and the blocking of the blade 6 by the support block 8 is released, and the spring b11 moves down in the lower inner tube 13. Under the action of stretching, the three-stage reaming activation hole stop ball b17 is put into the drilling tool from the upper inner tube 15 of the drilling tool, and the limit is pushed by the three-stage reaming activation hole stop ball b17 under the action of the pumping mud pressure. The nail 3 is disengaged, the upper inner tube 15 moves down together with the inner tube connecting sealing ring 14, the spring a4 contracts, the upper inner tube 15 drives the blade 6 to rotate around the blade rotation axis a5 and the blade rotation axis b34, and the blade 6 rotates. Extend, the drilling tool rotates as a whole and retreats from position A to design position B again, so as to realize three-stage reaming. At this time, the jet nozzle 10 ejects mud to the well wall to assist the blade 6 to ream the hole, and the pumped mud flushing fluid passes through the inner pipe from the hole. The mud hole 2 is sprayed to the outer casing 1;

Finally, the pump pressure is lowered to zero, the upper inner tube 15 and the lower inner tube 13 retract the blade 6 under the action of the spring a4 and the spring b11 successively, and restore the state before the reaming, and the first position is the hole section between A and B. The three-stage hole reaming method.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of deformation coal heavy caliber has at well bidirectional reciprocating drilling three-step core drill, it includes neck eye assembly (31), level-one Secondary chambering recycles assembly (32) and three-level reaming recycling assembly (33), wherein neck eye assembly (31) and level-one secondary chambering recycle Assembly (32) is connected, and level-one secondary chambering recycles assembly (32) and is connected with three-level reaming recycling assembly (33)；

The neck eye assembly (31) is drill bit (29)；

Level-one secondary chambering recycling assembly (32) includes outer housing (1), and outer housing (1) hollow inside is equipped with plunger shaft and column It fills in chamber (27), wherein plunger cavity (27) is close to neck eye assembly (31), and there are two reaming columns for the interior reverse activity setting of plunger cavity (27) It fills in (28)；Piston (24) are equipped in the plunger shaft, plunger shaft is divided into two parts up and down by piston (24), close to plunger cavity (27) lower half portion is hydraulic fluid chamber (26), is equipped with hydraulic oil and spring c(25 in hydraulic fluid chamber (26)), the plunger shaft upper half Spring d(30 is equipped in point), top half is equipped with rubber plug (19) at the top of spring d(30), the outer housing (1) above rubber plug (19) On set overflow hole (18) there are two with drilling tool external connection, piston (24) two sides are successively arranged secondary chambering limit hole (20), level-one reaming limit hole (21) and limit hole in situ (22) are equipped on the inner wall of plunger shaft in pairs and secondary chambering limit Hole (20), level-one reaming limit hole (21) and limit hole (22) matched reaming limiter (23) in situ；

Three-level reaming recycling assembly (33) includes outer housing (1), is equipped with inner tube in outer housing (1), inner tube includes lower inner tube (13) and upper inner tube (15), wherein inner tube (15), lower inner tube (13) and upper inner tube (15) connect on lower inner tube (13) partial insertion Place is equipped with sealing ring (14), wherein the bottom end of lower inner tube (13) is equipped with down and is connected and fixed ring (12), under be connected and fixed ring (12) with Spring b(11 is cased on the outside of the lower inner tube (13) between inner tube connection sealing ring (14)), it sets at lower inner tube (13) port of inner tube There is three-level reaming activation hole to block a(16), upper inner tube (15) two sides pass through wing rotary shaft a(5) it is movably equipped with extended income The outside of two wings (6) in outer housing (1), wing (6) is equipped with multiple cutters tooth (7), and wing (6) and upper inner tube (15) are even The place of connecing is additionally provided with the wing rotary shaft b(34 being fixed on inner tube (15)), bullet is equipped between upper inner tube (15) and outer housing (1) Spring a(4), spring a(4) it covers on upper inner tube (15), mud hole (2) and and outer housing are equipped at upper inner tube (15) top nozzle (1) it is connected to outside, mud hole (2) two sides are equipped with banking pin (3), and upper inner tube (15) port of inner tube is equipped at mud hole (2) Block b(17 in three-level reaming activation hole), outer tube (1) is equipped with the supporting and retaining system (8) for fixing wing (6), and supporting and retaining system (8), which is equipped with, to be connected Connect lower inner tube (13) on be connected and fixed ring (9), upper inner tube (15) lower end be fixed with inner tube connection sealing ring (14), lower inner tube (13) jet blower (10) are provided tiltedly on the outer housing (1) on the outside of, make the external phase of the inside of drilling tool inner tube with outer housing (1) It is logical, before three-level reaming, from spraying in jet blower (10) there is the slurry liquid of certain pressure to assist reaming.

2. deformation coal heavy caliber according to claim 1 has at well bidirectional reciprocating drilling three-step core drill, it is characterized in that: Spring d(30) reaming pump pressure is changed into from fixation pressure value respectively by a certain range of pressure range by buffering, improve reaming The operability of pressure control.

3. deformation coal heavy caliber according to claim 1 has at well bidirectional reciprocating drilling three-step core drill, it is characterized in that: On be connected and fixed ring (9) and under be connected and fixed ring (12) and be connected as one supporting and retaining system (8) and lower inner tube (13), form wing (6) Branch retaining device.

4. deformation coal heavy caliber according to claim 1 has at well bidirectional reciprocating drilling three-step core drill, it is characterized in that: Upper inner tube (15) covers on lower inner tube (13), inner tube connection sealing ring (14) be fixed on inner tube (15) lower end realize with it is lower interior (13) are managed to be tightly connected.

5. a kind of deformation coal being had using deformation coal heavy caliber described in claim 1 at well bidirectional reciprocating drilling three-step core drill Heavy caliber at well bidirectional reciprocating creep into three-level expanding method, it is characterised in that steps are as follows: design three-level reaming position be A and Hole section between B；Defining normal drilling well pumping mud pressure is P₁, it is P that level-one reaming, which pumps mud pressure,₂, secondary chambering pumping mud Slurry pressure is P₃, wherein P₁<P₂<P₃；

When leading eye assembly (31) is that drill bit (29) pierce design position A, mud pressure P is pumped using normal drilling well₁, during this Reaming limiter (23) location matches on the limit hole in situ (22) of piston (24) two sides and piston cavity wall, at this time pumping mud Enter lower inner tube (13) by upper inner tube (15), then enter overflow hole (18) from lower inner tube (13), flows back to ground then along drilling well Face；

Given pumping mud pressure P₂, mud pushes rubber plug (19) to squeeze spring d(30) and it shrinks, while spring d(30) to piston (24) apply pressure, push piston (24) mobile and squeeze spring c(25) compression, the level-one reaming of piston (24) two sides limits at this time The location matches of reaming limiter (23) in position hole (21) and piston cavity wall, hydraulic fluid chamber (26) space becomes smaller, hydraulic oil from Hydraulic fluid chamber (26) is extruded in plunger cavity (27), and the hydraulic oil in plunger cavity (27) pushes reaming plunger (28) partially to stretch Out, and drilling tool is followed to rotate, drilling tool rotates integrally from position A is mobile and is retracted into design position B, completes level-one reaming, bores at this time Well mud fluid enters lower inner tube (13) by upper inner tube (15), then enters overflow hole (18) from lower inner tube (13), then edge Drilling well flow back to ground；

Given pumping mud pressure P₃, mud promotion rubber plug (19) extruding spring d(30) continue to shrink, while spring d(30) continue Apply pressure to piston (24), push piston (24) are mobile simultaneously to squeeze spring c(25) compression, the second level of piston (24) two sides at this time Reaming limiter (23) location matches in reaming limit hole (20) and piston cavity wall, hydraulic fluid chamber (26) interior space continues to contract Small, more hydraulic oil are further extruded in plunger cavity (27) from hydraulic fluid chamber (26), the hydraulic oil in plunger cavity (27) It squeezes reaming plunger (28) all to stretch out, from position, B advances to design position A to drilling tool integral-rotation again, to complete second level Reaming, at this time the flow direction of drilling mud flushing liquor be by upper inner tube (15) enter lower inner tube (13), then from lower inner tube (13) into Enter overflow hole (18), flows back to ground then along drilling well；

Restore normal drilling well pumping mud pressure P₁, mud hydraulic coupling reduces, spring c(25) and push piston (24) mobile, piston at this time Reaming limiter (23) recovery on chamber is matched with the limit hole in situ (22) of piston (24) two sides, hydraulic fluid chamber (26) interior space Increase, so that the reaming plunger (28) stretched out be made to retract plunger cavity (27), inner tube (15) is put into drilling tool from drilling tool at this time Block a(16 in three-level reaming activation hole), block a(16 due to passing through three-level reaming activation hole under the action of pumping mud pressure) push away Dynamic supporting and retaining system (8) and lower inner tube (13) move down, and release the blocking of supporting and retaining system (8) to wing (6), spring b(11) in lower inner tube (13) it is stretched under the action of moving down, inner tube (15) puts into three-level reaming activation hole into drilling tool and blocks b from drilling tool later (17), due to activating hole to block b(17 by three-level reaming under the action of pumping mud pressure) push banking pin (3) to disengage, on Inner tube (15) moves down, spring a(4 together with inner tube connection sealing ring (14)) shrink, upper inner tube (15) drive wing (6) around Wing rotary shaft a(5) and wing rotary shaft b(34) rotation, wing (6) stretch out, drilling tool rotate integrally again from position A retreat to Design position B, to realize three-level reaming, jet blower (10) sprays mud auxiliary wing (6) reaming to the borehole wall at this time, is pumped mud Flushing liquor is starched to spray by inner tube from mud hole (2) to outer housing (1)；

Finally reduce pump pressure be zero, upper inner tube (15) and lower inner tube (13) are successively successively in spring a(4) and spring b(11) work With lower withdrawal wing (6), state before restoring reaming completes the three-level expanding method of position hole section between A and B.