CN108061838B - Electric leakage test method for ensuring normal electricity consumption of user - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric leakage test method for ensuring normal electricity consumption of a user. The invention has the function of ensuring the uninterrupted power supply of the load at the user side in the process of carrying out the leakage protection test, thereby reducing the influence of the power supply interruption on the user caused by the leakage test. In addition, the invention has the functions of leakage protection detection and overload protection detection in the process of leakage test, can detect leakage and overload and cut off the power supply of the user side in the process of leakage protection test, and ensures the power utilization safety and personal safety of the load of the user side. The intelligent leakage protection switch also has the beneficial effect of periodically and automatically detecting the leakage protection function.

Description

Electric leakage test method for ensuring normal electricity consumption of user

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of relay protection and equipment maintenance in the technical field of power distribution and power supply, in particular to a leakage test method for ensuring normal power consumption of users.

background

The application of the leakage protector is very common in daily life or in factory power supply and distribution systems. The earth leakage protector is a protection device which disconnects an earth leakage protection switch to make people get away from danger when the earth leakage is detected or people get an electric shock. The leakage protector generally has two modes, one is a switch integrating a leakage protection module and an overcurrent protection module, and the other is an independent leakage release, and a linkage rod of the leakage release drives the overcurrent protection switch to be opened. One type of electrical leakage release, application No. 201720127633.8, is a separate electrical leakage release. An earth leakage circuit breaker of application No. 201310420543.4 is an integrated earth leakage protector.

In the application process of the earth leakage protector, it is a common knowledge to perform the earth leakage function test, and in the process of the earth leakage function test, the opening of the circuit breaker or the earth leakage protector is an indispensable process, so that the user side is caused to have a power failure to cause inconvenience for power utilization. In a factory, power failure due to the leakage detection function affects production, and reduces production efficiency. And the hidden danger of safe power utilization can be generated without detecting the leakage protector. Therefore, it is an urgent need to design an intelligent earth leakage protection switch which can not only detect whether the earth leakage protection function is normal, but also ensure that the user side does not have power outage.

Disclosure of Invention

the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the leakage test method for ensuring normal power consumption of the user has the function of periodically and automatically detecting leakage protection, and has the function of keeping normal power supply of the user side in the detection process.

The technical scheme of the technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: a leakage test method for ensuring normal electricity consumption of users is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method uses an intelligent leakage protection switch, which comprises a leakage protector with an electric operating mechanism and a bypass device fixedly connected with the leakage protector, wherein the bypass device comprises a protection controller and a bypass switch which are connected together; the protection controller comprises an integrally formed shell, and a control circuit is arranged in the shell; the electric leakage protector comprises a shell, a leakage protector and two protruding connecting rods, wherein one side of the shell, which is adjacent to the leakage protector, is provided with two protruding connecting rods, the protruding connecting rods are of a hollow structure and are communicated with the interior of the shell, the two protruding connecting rods are respectively a first protruding connecting rod and a second protruding connecting rod, the protruding connecting rods are positioned at the upper part of the leakage protector, the upper plane and the lower plane of one end, which is close to the leakage protector, of the protruding connecting rods are provided with transmission through holes, the electromagnetic buttons are arranged in the protruding connecting rods, the electromagnetic buttons in the first protruding connecting rods are testing electromagnetic buttons, the electromagnetic buttons in the second protruding connecting rods are resetting electromagnetic buttons, the transmission through holes of the first protruding connecting rods are vertically overlapped with the positions of the testing buttons of the leakage; the front part and the rear part of the shell are provided with main loop terminals, the upper side of the front part of the shell is provided with a control terminal, the main loop terminal at the front part is an incoming terminal, the main loop terminal at the rear part comprises an outgoing terminal, a main circuit lead terminal and a bypass lead terminal, the control terminal comprises a bypass closing control terminal and a bypass opening control terminal, the main circuit closing control terminal, and the main loop terminal and the control terminal are terminals with double contacts; the electromagnetic button comprises a key shaft, an adsorption iron sheet, an electromagnetic coil and a spring, wherein the key shaft is inserted into the transmission through hole, the upper end and the lower end of the key shaft are respectively flush with the upper plane and the lower plane of the convex connecting rod, the electromagnetic coil is sleeved on the lower part of the key shaft and is fixedly connected with the inside of the convex connecting rod, the adsorption iron sheet is positioned on the upper part of the electromagnetic coil and is fixedly connected with the key shaft, the spring is arranged between the adsorption iron sheet and the electromagnetic coil, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected with the adsorption iron sheet and the electromagnetic coil; the upper part of the transmission through hole is provided with a limit stop which is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell; the upper part of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic button is provided with a button switch for detecting whether the adsorption iron sheet acts or not, the button switch in the test electromagnetic button is a test detection button switch, the button switch in the reset electromagnetic button is a reset detection button switch, and the test detection button switch and the reset detection button switch are electrically connected with the controller; the bypass switch is a contactor; the control circuit comprises a power supply module, a controller, a bypass switching-on relay, a bypass switching-off relay and a main switching-on relay, wherein coil windings of the bypass switching-on and switching-off relay and the main switching-on relay are electrically connected with the controller, and an electromagnetic coil of the testing electromagnetic button and an electromagnetic coil of the resetting electromagnetic button are electrically connected with the controller; the upper part of the shell is provided with a manual bypass closing button and a manual bypass opening button, the manual bypass closing button is a normally open button, the manual bypass opening button is a normally closed button, and the upper surfaces of the manual bypass closing and opening buttons are flush with the surface of the shell of the protection controller; the upper surface of the shell is provided with a plurality of fault indicating lamps which are light emitting diodes and are electrically connected with the controller; the input end of the power supply module is electrically connected with the zero line and the live line of the incoming line terminal, and the output end of the power supply module is electrically connected with the controller; the two ends of the normally open contact of the bypass closing relay are electrically connected with the two end points of the bypass closing control terminal, the manual bypass closing button is connected with the normally open contact of the bypass closing relay in parallel, the manual bypass opening button and the normally closed contact of the bypass opening relay are connected in series and then connected with the two ends of the bypass opening control terminal in parallel, and the two ends of the normally open contact of the main closing relay are electrically connected with the two end points of the main closing control terminal; the power end of the leakage protector is connected with the incoming line terminal in parallel, the load end of the leakage protector is connected with the main path lead terminal in parallel, and the main path lead terminal and the bypass lead terminal are connected with the outgoing line terminal in parallel inside the shell; a main circuit current transformer is sleeved on a live wire connecting wire between the outgoing terminal and the main circuit lead terminal, the outgoing terminal of the main circuit current transformer is electrically connected with the controller, a bypass current transformer is sleeved on the live wire connecting wire between the outgoing terminal and the bypass lead terminal, and the outgoing terminal of the bypass current transformer is electrically connected with the controller; the main current transformer and the bypass current transformer are used for determining whether contacts of the leakage protector and the bypass switch are disconnected or not by detecting whether current exists or not; the control power supply of the electric operating mechanism is connected with a zero line and a live line of the incoming line terminal, and the closing control terminal of the electric operating mechanism is electrically connected with the main circuit closing control terminal; the coil winding of the bypass switch is connected with the bypass closing control terminal in series and then connected between the zero line and the live line of the incoming line terminal in parallel, the bypass opening control terminal is connected with the normally open contact of the bypass switch in series and then connected with the bypass closing control terminal in parallel, the incoming line end of the main contact of the bypass switch is electrically connected with the incoming line terminal, and the outgoing line end of the main contact of the bypass switch is electrically connected with the bypass lead terminal; the outlet terminal of the protection controller is electrically connected with a user load, and the inlet terminal of the protection controller is electrically connected with a power supply grid; a leakage signal relay is arranged in the leakage protector, a coil winding of the leakage signal relay is connected with a leakage tripping coil of the leakage protector in parallel, a control terminal of the protection controller further comprises a leakage detection terminal, the leakage detection terminal is electrically connected with the controller, and a normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is electrically connected with the leakage detection terminal of the protection controller through a lead;

The electric leakage test method for ensuring normal electricity utilization of users comprises the following steps:

method 1, a method for manually testing the earth leakage protection function under the condition that the earth leakage protector normally works:

step 1.1, pressing a manual bypass closing button to switch on a bypass switch;

Step 1.2, pressing down a key shaft of the testing electromagnetic button, sliding the key shaft of the testing electromagnetic button downwards to drive a testing button of the leakage protector, and starting a tripping action after the leakage protector detects that the testing button is pressed down;

Step 1.3, checking whether the leakage protector trips or not, if the leakage protector does not trip, indicating that the leakage protector fails, and checking and replacing the leakage protector; if the current leakage protector is tripped, the function of the current leakage protector is normal, and the step 1.4 is executed;

Step 1.4, pressing down a key shaft of the reset electromagnetic button, sliding the key shaft of the reset electromagnetic button downwards to drive a reset button of the leakage protector, and resetting the leakage protector after the leakage protector detects that the reset button is pressed down;

step 1.5, closing the leakage protector;

Step 1.6, pressing a manual bypass brake-separating button to break a bypass switch to complete the test;

method 2, control method for periodically and automatically testing electric leakage function:

A time timer unit is arranged in the controller, the automatic test function is started after a time period of one month,

step 2.1, a coil winding of the bypass closing relay is controlled to be electrified by the controller, a normally open contact of the bypass closing relay is closed, and a main contact of the bypass switch is connected;

step 2.2, the controller controls and detects whether the main contact of the bypass switch is connected, and if the main contact of the bypass switch is not connected, the controller lights a fault indicator lamp; if the switch-on is carried out, step 2.3 is executed; the detection method comprises the steps that the controller detects whether the bypass current transformer has current, if so, the bypass current transformer is connected, and if not, the bypass current transformer is not connected;

step 2.3, the controller is connected with an electromagnetic coil of the testing electromagnetic button, and an adsorption iron sheet of the testing electromagnetic button slides downwards under the action of the attraction force of the electromagnetic coil so as to drive a button of the testing electromagnetic button to move downwards axially and press the testing button of the leakage protector;

Step 2.4, the controller detects whether the test detection button switch is closed, if not, the test electromagnetic button does not execute the instruction of the controller, and the controller lights a fault indicator lamp; if closed, step 2.5 is performed;

step 2.5, the controller detects whether a switch contact of the leakage protector is disconnected, specifically, the controller detects whether a main circuit current transformer has current, if the current exists, the contact of the leakage protector is not disconnected, and the controller lights a fault indicator lamp; if no current is detected, it indicates that the earth leakage protector has been opened, and step 2.6 is performed;

Step 2.6, the controller is connected with an electromagnetic coil of the reset electromagnetic button, a key shaft of the reset electromagnetic button is driven by the adsorption iron sheet to move downwards, and then the reset button of the leakage protector is pressed;

step 2.7, the controller detects whether the reset detection button switch is closed, if not, the reset electromagnetic button fails to execute the instruction of the controller, and the controller lights a fault indicator lamp; if closed, step 2.8 is performed;

step 2.8, the coil winding of the main circuit switching-on relay is controlled to be electrified by the controller, the normally open contact of the main circuit switching-on relay is closed, and the electric operating mechanism controls the leakage protector to switch on after detecting that the normally open contact of the main circuit switching-on relay is closed;

step 2.9, the controller detects whether the leakage protector is switched on, specifically, the controller detects whether the current transformer in the main circuit has current, if the current is present, the leakage protector is switched on, and step 2.10 is executed, if no current is detected, the leakage protector is switched on unsuccessfully, and the controller lights a fault indicator lamp;

step 2.10, the controller controls a coil winding of the bypass opening relay to be electrified, a normally closed contact of the bypass opening relay is disconnected, and then the coil winding of the bypass switch is powered off, and a main contact of the bypass switch is disconnected;

And 2.11, detecting whether the main contact of the bypass switch is disconnected or not by the controller, specifically, detecting whether current exists in the bypass current transformer or not by the controller, if the current exists, indicating that the bypass switch is in fault, lightening a fault indicator lamp by the controller, and if the current does not exist, indicating that the main contact of the bypass switch is disconnected, finishing the current automatic detection leakage protection function and recovering to a normal state.

preferably, in the method 1, in the process of executing the step 1.1 to the step 1.5, the controller further detects whether a normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is closed, if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is detected to be closed, the controller sends an instruction of opening the bypass switch to open a main contact of the bypass switch, and if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is not detected to be closed, the step 1.1 to the step 1.5 are normally executed;

In the method 1, after the step 1.6 is executed, the controller detects whether the bypass current transformer has current, if so, the main contact of the bypass switch is not disconnected, the bypass switch has a fault, the controller lights a fault indicator lamp, and if not, the main contact of the bypass switch is disconnected, and the equipment is recovered to a normal state.

preferably, in the method 2, in the process of executing step 2.2 to step 2.9, the controller further detects whether the normally open contact of the leakage relay is closed, if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is closed, the controller sends a command for opening the bypass switch to open the main contact of the bypass switch, and if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is not detected to be closed, step 2.2 to step 2.9 are normally executed.

Preferably, in the method 2, in the process of executing step 2.2 to step 2.9, the controller further detects whether the normally open contact of the leakage relay is closed, if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is closed, the controller sends an instruction to open the bypass switch to open the main contact of the bypass switch, and if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay is not detected to be closed, step 2.2 to step 2.9 are normally executed.

Preferably, the control circuit is provided with a communication module, the communication module is electrically connected with the controller, in the method 1 and the method 2, after the controller lights the fault indicator lamp, the controller sends the fault information to the communication module, and the communication module is sent to maintenance personnel through the internet of things.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the intelligent leakage protection switch has the beneficial effect that the user side does not have power failure when the leakage protection function is detected;

2. the intelligent leakage protection switch has the beneficial effects that after the leakage protector is switched off during leakage detection, the bypass switch has the advantages of detecting leakage and automatically switching off the bypass switch;

3. in the leakage detection process of the intelligent leakage protector, the bypass switch has the function of overload protection;

4. the intelligent leakage protection switch has the beneficial effect of periodically and automatically detecting the leakage protection function.

drawings

figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an intelligent earth leakage protection switch of the present invention,

figure 2 is a front view of the protection controller of an embodiment of the intelligent earth leakage protection switch of the present invention,

figure 3 is a top view of the protection controller of an embodiment of the intelligent earth leakage protection switch of the present invention,

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line a of figure 2,

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B of figure 2,

figure 6 is an electrical connection diagram of one embodiment of an intelligent earth leakage protection switch of the present invention,

Figure 7 is a diagram of the protection controller internal electrical connections of one embodiment of the intelligent earth leakage protection switch of the present invention,

fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of the bypass leakage detection function of an embodiment of the intelligent leakage protection switch of the present invention.

in the figure:

11. an electric operating mechanism 12, a leakage protector,

2. a protection controller, 3, a bypass switch,

21. An incoming terminal 23, an outgoing terminal 24, a main lead terminal 25, a bypass lead terminal 26, a bypass closing control terminal 27, a bypass opening control terminal 28, a main closing control terminal 29, a leakage detecting terminal,

41. A first projecting link, 42, a second projecting link, 51, a test electromagnetic button, 52, a reset electromagnetic button,

61. A key shaft 62, an adsorption iron sheet 63, an electromagnetic coil 64, a spring 65 and a limit stop block,

71. a power module, 72, a controller,

k1, a bypass closing relay, K2, a bypass opening relay, K3, a main closing relay, K4 and a leakage signal relay,

The system comprises an S1 test detection button switch, an S2 reset detection button switch, an SH and manual bypass closing button, an SF and manual bypass opening button, an L1 main circuit current transformer, an L2 bypass current transformer.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solution and the advantages of the present invention clearer, the following explains embodiments of the present invention in further detail.

As shown in fig. 1, the intelligent earth leakage protection switch includes an electric operating mechanism 11, an earth leakage protector 12, and a bypass device fixedly connected to the earth leakage protector 12, where the bypass device includes a protection controller 2 and a bypass switch 3 connected together. The electric operating mechanism 11 is a device for controlling the opening and closing of the circuit breaker. An electric operating mechanism of a circuit breaker with application number 201310220676.7 is an electric operating mechanism for controlling a miniature circuit breaker. An electric operating mechanism of a circuit breaker with application number 201410821977.X is an electric operating mechanism of a molded case circuit breaker. The earth leakage protector 12 is a protector for detecting earth leakage and breaking a circuit breaker, and an earth leakage protector with application number 201420143191.2 is a miniature circuit breaker type earth leakage protector. The bypass switch 3 is a controllable switching device, and the common devices include a relay, a contactor, a switch tube, a miniature circuit breaker and the like. In the present invention, the bypass switch 3 is a contactor. The contactor is an electric appliance which utilizes a coil to flow current to generate a magnetic field in industrial electricity to close a contact so as to control a load. The contactor mainly comprises a contact system, an electromagnetic operating system, a support, an auxiliary contact and a shell (or a chassis), wherein the contact system comprises a main contact for controlling a load and an auxiliary contact for matching control and detection. The main contact is a high-power switch node, and the auxiliary contact comprises a small-capacity normally open contact and a small-capacity normally closed contact.

Preferably, the bypass switch 3 is a miniature circuit breaker with an electric operating mechanism for realizing the overload protection function during the bypass operation. The protection controller 2 is a core component of the invention and has the functions of controlling the on and off of the leakage protector 12, controlling the on and off of the main contact of the bypass switch 3, controlling the test button and the reset button, and detecting overcurrent and leakage.

The protection controller 2 is provided as an electrical device, and for convenience of mounting and improvement of safety, the protection controller 2 is provided with a housing, and a control circuit is provided inside the housing. Since the upper portion of the earth leakage protector 12 is provided with the test button and the reset button, in order to realize automatic test and reset of the device, the two buttons need to be controlled by corresponding electrical mechanisms. Therefore, two hollow projecting links, a first projecting link 41 and a second projecting link 42, are provided on the side of the housing adjacent to the earth-leakage protector 12. The upper plane and the lower plane of the end part of the protruding connecting rod close to one end of the leakage protector 12 are provided with transmission through holes, and an electromagnetic button is arranged inside the protruding connecting rod. The transmission through hole of the first projecting link 41 coincides with the test button of the earth-leakage protector 12 up and down. The electromagnetic button inside the first projecting link 41 is a test electromagnetic button 51. The transmission through hole of the second protruding link 42 is vertically overlapped with the reset button of the earth leakage protector 12, and the electromagnetic button inside the second protruding link 42 is a reset electromagnetic button 52.

the testing electromagnetic button 51 is used for realizing that the electric control presses the testing button on the leakage protector 12, and the resetting electromagnetic button 52 is used for realizing that the electric control presses the resetting button of the leakage protector 12. As shown in fig. 4, in order to realize the above function, the electromagnetic button includes a key shaft 61, an attracting iron piece 62, an electromagnetic coil 63, and a spring 64. The solenoid 63 is fixedly connected to the lower portion of the inside of the projected link, and the solenoid 63 is provided with a lead wire and its body is molded by casting using an insulating material. The center of the solenoid 63 coincides with the transmission through hole. The key shaft 61 is inserted into the center of the solenoid 63, and the upper and lower ends are flush with the upper and lower planes of the projected link. In order to realize the up-and-down movement of the key shaft 61, an absorption iron piece 62 is provided on the upper portion of the key shaft 61, and the absorption iron piece 62 is fixedly connected with the key shaft 61, so that the absorption iron piece 62 receives an attractive force to drive the key shaft 61 to move downward when the electromagnetic coil 63 is electrified. To ensure that the key shaft 61 is reset in the event of a loss of power to the electromagnetic coil 63, a spring 64 is provided between the attracting iron piece 62 and the electromagnetic coil 63. The upper and lower ends of the spring 64 are fixedly connected with the adsorption iron sheet 62 and the electromagnetic coil 63, respectively.

As shown in fig. 5, preferably, in order to buffer the impact of the adsorption iron sheet 62 on the projected link when it is restored, a limit stopper 65 is provided at the upper portion of the transmission through hole, and the limit stopper 65 is fixedly connected to the upper portion inside the projected link. The electromagnetic attractive force generated by the electromagnetic coil 63 inside the electromagnetic button is larger than the elastic force of the spring 64 to ensure that the key shaft 61 can be smoothly pressed down.

the protruding connecting rod of the shell is used for installing an electromagnetic button to control a test button and a reset button of the leakage protector 12, and a wiring terminal is required to be electrically connected to realize electrical control, so that a main loop terminal is arranged at the front part and the rear part of the shell, and a control terminal is arranged at the upper end of the front part of the shell. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the front main loop terminal is a line terminal 21 for connecting an external power source. The rear main loop terminal includes an outlet terminal 23, a main lead terminal 24, and a bypass lead terminal 25. The outlet terminal 23 is used to connect the user side electrical load, the main and bypass lead terminals 24, 25 are respectively used to connect the output ends of the leakage protector 12 and the bypass switch 3, and the outlet terminal 23, the main and bypass lead terminals 24, 25 are connected in parallel inside the protection controller 2. The main loop terminal has a function of connecting a user load and a high-current path of a power supply, and a control loop is also needed to realize on-off control of the high-current loop, so that control terminals including a bypass closing control terminal 26, a bypass opening control terminal 27 and a main closing control terminal 28 are arranged. The bypass on/off control terminals 26 and 27 are used for controlling the on/off of the bypass switch 3, and the main on/off control terminal 28 is used for controlling the on/off of the earth leakage protector 12. Since the mains supply is mostly a live wire and a zero line, the control device interface requires two nodes, so the main loop terminal and the control terminal mentioned herein are both terminals with double contacts.

the above is a description of the structure of the protection controller 2, and a control circuit, which is the core of the core component, is required to implement the automatic leakage test and the uninterruptible leakage test. The control circuit is disposed inside the housing, and is usually fabricated on a PCB board, with some large or bulky electronic components mounted inside the housing. As shown in fig. 7, the control circuit includes a power supply module 71, a controller 72, a bypass closing relay K1, a bypass opening relay K2, and a main closing relay K3.

the power module 71 is used to supply power to the electrical components of the protection controller 2, i.e. a low-voltage dc power supply supported by the ac 220V mains power conversion electronic components. The input of the power module 71 is thus electrically connected to the end of the inlet terminal 21 located inside the housing. The output of the power module 71 is electrically connected to the controller 72. In order to realize the control of the relay and the electromagnetic button, the coil windings of the bypass closing and opening relays K1 and K2, the coil winding of the main closing relay K3 and the controller 72 are electrically connected. The solenoids of the test solenoid button 51 and the reset solenoid button 52 are electrically connected to the controller 72.

in order to make the present invention more practical, besides the automatic control and test of the leakage function, it is necessary to be able to perform manual test, so that a manual bypass closing button SH and a manual bypass opening button SF are provided on the upper plane of the housing. Because the contactor adopted in the embodiment of the invention needs to control the electric circuit to realize the control of the main contact of the contactor, the manual bypass closing button SH is a normally open button, and the manual bypass opening button SF is a normally closed button. In order to prevent misoperation, the upper surfaces of the manual bypass closing and opening buttons SH and SF are flush with the upper surface of the shell. The above is each electronic component constituting the control circuit, and the circuit connection relationship of the control circuit will be described below.

First, a turn-on control circuit of the bypass switch 3. Two ends of a normally open contact of the bypass closing relay K1 are electrically connected with two nodes of the bypass closing control terminal 26, so that the controller 72 can output a closing instruction to the outside; and the manual bypass closing button SH is connected with a normally open contact of the bypass closing relay K1 in parallel so as to realize the outward output of a closing instruction during manual testing. And secondly, a control circuit for turning off the bypass switch 3. The normally closed contacts of the manual bypass opening button SF and the bypass opening relay K2 are connected in series and then connected to two nodes of the bypass opening control terminal 27, and at this time, no matter the controller 72 gives an instruction or the manual bypass opening button SF is manually pressed, an opening control instruction is output to the bypass opening control terminal 27. And thirdly, a closing control circuit of the leakage protector 12. The two ends of the normally open contact of the main circuit closing relay K3 are electrically connected with the two ends of the main circuit closing control terminal 28, and when manual testing is performed, an operator can directly operate the earth leakage protector 12, so that a manual button for main circuit closing is not arranged.

The above is a description of the internal circuit of the protection controller 2, and the following is a description of the electrical connection relationship among the electric operating mechanism 11, the earth-leakage protector 12, the protection controller 2, and the bypass switch 3 of the present invention.

as shown in fig. 6, according to the circuit diagram: first, the electrical connection of the main circuit is described. The power source terminal of the earth leakage protector 12 is connected in parallel to the line terminal 21, and the load terminal of the earth leakage protector 12 is electrically connected to the main circuit lead terminal 24. The inlet terminal of the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is connected in parallel with the inlet terminal 21, and the outlet terminal of the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is electrically connected to the bypass lead terminal 25. And secondly, controlling the electrical connection of the loop. The control power source of the electric operating mechanism 11 is electrically connected to the zero line of the inlet terminal 21. The closing control input terminal of the electric operating mechanism 11 is electrically connected to the main closing control terminal 28. The coil winding of the bypass switch 3 is connected in series with the bypass closing control terminal 26 and then connected between the live wire of the incoming line terminal 21. The bypass opening control terminal 27 is connected in series with the normally open contact of the bypass switch 3 and then connected in parallel with the bypass closing terminal 26.

Preferably, in order to provide better safety and reliability to the present invention, the protection controller 2 is provided with an action signal detection device for detecting whether the actuator is actuated after the controller 72 issues a control command.

First, a button switch is provided on the upper portion of the solenoid 63 of the solenoid button for detecting whether the key shaft 61 is actually pressed. The button switch at the upper part of the electromagnetic coil of the test electromagnetic button 51 is a test detection button switch S1; the button switch on the solenoid of the reset solenoid button 52 is a reset detection button switch S2. The test detection button switch S1 and the reset detection button switch S2 are electrically connected to the controller 72, respectively.

next, main and bypass current transformers L1, L2 are fitted to live-wire connection lines between the outlet terminal 23 and the main and bypass lead terminals 24, 25 to detect the on/off of contacts of the earth leakage protector 12 and the bypass switch 3. The secondary lead wires of the main and bypass current transformers L1 and L2 are electrically connected with the controller 72.

Finally, in order to indicate a failure, a failure indicator lamp is provided on the upper surface of the housing. In order to indicate different faults, the number of the fault indicating lamps can be set to be multiple. In order to make the invention more compact, the fault indicator lamp adopts a light-emitting diode. The fault indicator light is electrically connected to the controller 72.

Preferably, the protection controller 2 is further provided with a communication module for prompting the fault information of the automatic test to a maintenance manager. In the current application of the power system, the mode of adopting the GPRS communication is common. Therefore, a GPRS communication module may be provided, which is electrically connected to the controller 72, and the controller 72 transmits the detected fault information to the GPRS communication module, which transmits the information to the maintenance personnel through the data network.

Preferably, the function realized by the present invention is to ensure that the user side does not stop power supply when the leakage protection function of the leakage protector 12 is tested, so the bypass switch 3 and the protection controller 2 are additionally arranged, but the phenomenon of overload still occurs when the bypass switch 3 works, and in order to increase the safety and reliability of the present invention, the controller 72 detects whether the current is over-current through the bypass current transformer L2, so the controller 72 can control the on-off of the bypass switch 3 according to whether the current exceeds a set value. Preferably, a miniature circuit breaker with an electrically operated mechanism can be used as the bypass switch 3.

In addition to the problem of overload, leakage may also occur during the conduction of the bypass switch 3. As shown in fig. 8, it is preferable that a leakage signal relay K4 is provided inside the leakage protector 12. The coil winding of the leakage signal relay K4 is connected in parallel with the trip coil of the leakage protector 12, and the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay K4 is electrically connected with the controller 72 of the protection controller 2 through a lead. Therefore, the side surface of the leakage protector 12 is provided with a threading hole for threading out a wire; a leakage detection terminal 29 is provided at the control terminal of the protection controller 2. The external part of the earth leakage detection terminal 29 is connected to a lead of a normally open contact of the earth leakage signal relay K4, and the internal part of the earth leakage detection terminal 29 is electrically connected to the controller 72.

Based on the structure, the manual test and the automatic test of the leakage protection function can be realized, and the using method of the invention is explained below.

method 1, method of manually testing earth leakage protection function. The manual test is performed on site through maintenance personnel, and the specific steps are as follows:

in step 1.1, to prevent the user from turning off the power supply, the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is first turned on by pressing the manual bypass closing button SH on the upper portion of the protection controller 2. As is clear from the circuit configuration, when the manual bypass close button SH is pressed, the coil winding of the bypass switch 3 is charged, and the main contact circuit of the bypass switch 3 is turned on.

And step 1.2, performing electric leakage test. The test is performed by pressing the test button, as in the test of the earth-leakage protector 12. Since the projected link of the protection controller 2 covers the test button of the earth leakage protector 12, it is necessary to press the key shaft 61 of the test solenoid 51 and press the test button of the earth leakage protector 12 through the key shaft 61.

Step 1.3, check whether the earth leakage protector 12 is tripped or not. If the current leakage protection function is normal, the step 1.4 can be continuously executed; if not tripped, this indicates that the earth leakage protector 12 is malfunctioning and needs to be repaired or replaced.

and step 1.4, resetting the leakage protector 12. Specifically, the key shaft 61 of the reset solenoid button 52 is pressed, and the key shaft 61 of the reset solenoid button 52 moves downward to press the reset key of the earth leakage protector 12.

and step 1.5, manually switching on the leakage protector 12.

and 1.6, restoring the original state. Specifically, when the manual bypass opening button SF on the upper portion of the protection controller 2 is pressed, the coil winding of the bypass switch 3 is powered off according to the circuit connection relationship, and then the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is disconnected and is restored to the initial state. Preferably, after the bypass switch 3 is turned off, the controller 72 detects whether the bypass current transformer L2 has a current, if so, it indicates that the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is not turned off, there may be a problem of contact sintering and the controller 72 turns on the fault indicator light; if there is no current, it indicates that the bypass switch 3 is normal.

preferably, in order to perform leakage protection within the time period in which the bypass switch 3 is turned on, in the process of executing step 1.1 to step 1.5, the controller 72 further detects whether the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay K4 is closed, if it is detected that the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay K4 is closed, the controller 72 issues an instruction to open the bypass switch 3 to open the main contact of the bypass switch 3, and if it is not detected that the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay K4 is closed, step 1.1 to step 1.5 are normally executed.

The above is a manual detection leakage protection function, and since the leakage protector 12 needs to be detected once a month, it is a workload for busy maintenance personnel, the automatic detection function developed by the present invention. The following describes an automatic periodic detection control method.

a time timer unit is provided inside the controller 72, and the leakage detection function is automatically started after a one-month time period is detected, and the automatic leakage detection function includes the following steps:

And 2.1, switching on the bypass switch 3, specifically, controlling the coil winding of the bypass closing relay K1 to be electrified by the controller 72, closing the normally open contact of the bypass closing relay K1, and switching on the main contact of the bypass switch 3.

step 2.2, the controller 72 detects whether the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is on, and if so, executes step 2.3, and if not, illuminates a fault indicator. The method of detecting whether the bypass switch 3 is on is that the controller 72 detects whether there is current in the bypass current transformer L2, indicating that it is on if there is current, and indicating that it is not on if there is no current.

And 2.3, testing the leakage protection function, specifically, switching on the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnetic testing button 51 by the controller 72, driving the key shaft 61 to move downwards by the absorption iron sheet 62 under the action of electromagnetic attraction force, and triggering the testing button of the leakage protector 12 by the key shaft 61.

Step 2.4, detecting whether the test electromagnetic button 51 executes the instruction sent by the controller 72, specifically, the controller 72 detects whether the test detection button switch S1 is closed, if not, it indicates that the protection controller 2 is faulty, and then the controller 72 lights up a fault indicator lamp, and if closed, it indicates that the device is normal, and step 2.5 may be continuously executed.

step 2.5, the controller 72 detects whether the earth leakage protector 12 is disconnected, specifically, the controller 72 detects whether the main circuit current transformer L1 has current, if there is current, the earth leakage protector 12 is not disconnected, and the controller 72 lights the fault indicating lamp, if there is no current, the earth leakage protector 12 is disconnected, and step 2.6 is executed.

And 2.6, resetting the leakage protector 12, specifically, the controller 72 switches on the electromagnetic coil of the reset electromagnetic button 52, and the key shaft 61 of the reset electromagnetic button 52 moves downwards under the action of the attracted iron sheet 62, so as to press down the reset button of the leakage protector 12.

Step 2.7, the controller 72 detects whether the reset detection button switch S2 is closed, and if not, lights the fault indicator light, and if so, executes step 2.8;

and 2.8, switching on the leakage protector 12, specifically, controlling the coil winding of the main switching-on relay K3 to be electrified by the controller 72, closing the normally open contact of the main switching-on relay K3, and controlling the leakage protector 12 to be switched on after the electric operating mechanism 11 detects that the normally open contact of the main switching-on relay K3 is closed.

step 2.9, detecting whether the earth leakage protector 12 is switched on, specifically, the controller 72 detects whether the main circuit current transformer L1 has current, if so, it indicates that the earth leakage protector 12 has been switched on, and executes step 2.10, if no current is detected, it indicates that the earth leakage protector 12 has failed to be switched on, and the controller 72 lights a fault indicator;

And 2.10, turning off the bypass switch 3, specifically, controlling the coil winding of the bypass opening relay K2 to be electrified and the normally closed contact of the bypass opening relay K2 to be turned off by the controller 72, wherein the coil winding of the bypass switch 3 is electrified and the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is turned off according to the connection structure of the circuit.

step 2.11, detecting whether the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is disconnected, specifically, detecting whether the bypass current transformer L2 has current by the controller 72, if the current indicates that the bypass switch 3 has a fault, the problem of contact sintering may exist, and lighting a fault indicator lamp by the controller 72; if no current exists, the main contact of the bypass switch 3 is disconnected, the automatic leakage detection protection function is finished, and the normal state is recovered.

preferably, in order to detect that the earth leakage protection function is capable of continuing to exert the earth leakage protection function, in each step of the process from step 2.2 to step 2.9, the controller 72 detects whether the earth leakage signal relay K4 is closed, and if the controller 72 is closed, the controller issues a command to open the bypass switch 3 to open the main contact of the bypass switch 3; if no closure is detected then steps 2.2 to 2.9 are performed normally.

preferably, in the process of executing the method 1 and the method 2, after the controller 72 lights the fault indicator, the controller 72 sends the fault information to the communication module, and the communication module sends the fault information to the equipment maintenance personnel through the internet of things.

in summary, the present invention is only a preferred embodiment, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications can be made by workers in the light of the above description without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and all equivalent changes and modifications in the shape, structure, characteristics and spirit described in the scope of the claims of the present invention are included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A leakage test method for ensuring normal electricity consumption of users is characterized by comprising the following steps:

The method uses an intelligent earth leakage protection switch,

The intelligent leakage protection switch comprises a leakage protector (12) with an electric operating mechanism (11), and further comprises a bypass device fixedly connected with the leakage protector (12), wherein the bypass device comprises a protection controller (2) and a bypass switch (3) which are connected together;

the protection controller (2) comprises an integrally formed shell, and a control circuit is arranged in the shell; two protruding connecting rods are arranged on one side of the shell adjacent to the leakage protector (12), the protruding connecting rods are of hollow structures and communicated with the inside of the shell, the two protruding connecting rods are respectively a first protruding connecting rod and a second protruding connecting rod (41 and 42), the protruding connecting rods are positioned on the upper portion of the leakage protector (12), and the upper and lower planes of one end of the projecting connecting rod close to the leakage protector (12) are provided with transmission through holes, an electromagnetic button is arranged in the protruding connecting rod, the electromagnetic button in the first protruding connecting rod (41) is a testing electromagnetic button (51), the electromagnetic button in the second protruding connecting rod (42) is a resetting electromagnetic button (52), the transmission through hole of the first protruding connecting rod (41) is vertically overlapped with the position of a test button of the leakage protector (12), the position of a transmission through hole of the second protruding connecting rod (42) is vertically overlapped with the position of a reset button of the leakage protector (12); the front part and the rear part of the shell are provided with main loop terminals, the upper side of the front part of the shell is provided with a control terminal, the main loop terminal at the front part is an incoming terminal (21), the main loop terminal at the rear part comprises an outgoing terminal (23), a main circuit lead terminal (24) and a bypass lead terminal (25), the control terminal comprises a bypass closing control terminal (26), a bypass opening control terminal (27) and a main circuit closing control terminal (28), and the main loop terminal and the control terminal are terminals with double joints; the electromagnetic button comprises a key shaft (61), an adsorption iron sheet (62), an electromagnetic coil (63) and a spring (64), wherein the key shaft (61) is inserted into the transmission through hole, the upper end and the lower end of the key shaft (61) are flush with the upper plane and the lower plane of the protruding connecting rod respectively, the electromagnetic coil (63) is sleeved on the lower part of the key shaft (61) and is fixedly connected with the inside of the protruding connecting rod, the adsorption iron sheet (62) is positioned on the upper part of the electromagnetic coil (63) and is fixedly connected with the key shaft (61), the spring (64) is arranged between the adsorption iron sheet (62) and the electromagnetic coil (63), and the two ends of the spring (64) are fixedly connected with the adsorption iron sheet (62) and the electromagnetic coil (63) respectively; the upper part of the transmission through hole is provided with a limit stop (65), and the limit stop (65) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shell; the upper part of the electromagnetic coil (63) of the electromagnetic button is provided with a button switch for detecting whether the adsorption iron sheet (62) acts or not, the button switch in the test electromagnetic button (51) is a test detection button switch (S1), the button switch in the reset electromagnetic button (52) is a reset detection button switch (S2), and the test detection button switch (S1) and the reset detection button switch (S2) are electrically connected with the controller (72); the bypass switch (3) is a contactor; the control circuit comprises a power supply module (71), a controller (72), a bypass closing relay (K1), a bypass opening relay (K2) and a main closing relay (K3), wherein coil windings of the bypass closing and opening relays (K1 and K2), a coil winding of the main closing relay (K3) are electrically connected with the controller (72), and an electromagnetic coil of the testing electromagnetic button (51), an electromagnetic coil of the resetting electromagnetic button (52) are electrically connected with the controller (72); a manual bypass closing button (SH) and a manual bypass opening button (SF) are arranged at the upper part of the shell, the manual bypass closing button (SH) is a normally open button, the manual bypass opening button (SF) is a normally closed button, and the upper surfaces of the manual bypass closing and opening buttons (SH and SF) are flush with the surface of the shell of the protection controller (2); the upper surface of the shell is provided with a plurality of fault indicating lamps which are light emitting diodes and are electrically connected with a controller (72); the input end of the power supply module (71) is electrically connected with the zero line and the live line of the incoming line terminal (21), and the output end of the power supply module (71) is electrically connected with the controller (72); the two ends of a normally open contact of the bypass closing relay (K1) are electrically connected with two ends of a bypass closing control terminal (26), the manual bypass closing button (SH) is connected with the normally open contact of the bypass closing relay (K1) in parallel, the manual bypass opening button (SF) is connected with the normally closed contact of the bypass opening relay (K2) in series and then connected with the two ends of the bypass opening control terminal (27), and the two ends of the normally open contact of the main closing relay (K3) are electrically connected with the two ends of a main closing control terminal (28); the power supply end of the leakage protector (12) is connected with the incoming line terminal (21) in parallel, the load end of the leakage protector (12) is connected with the main circuit lead terminal (24) in parallel, and the main circuit lead terminal (24) and the bypass lead terminal (25) are connected with the outgoing line terminal (23) in parallel inside the shell; a main current transformer (L1) is sleeved on a live wire connecting wire between the outgoing terminal (23) and the main lead terminal (24), the outgoing end of the main current transformer (L1) is electrically connected with the controller (72), a bypass current transformer (L2) is sleeved on the live wire connecting wire between the outgoing terminal (23) and the bypass lead terminal (15), and the outgoing end of the bypass current transformer (L2) is electrically connected with the controller (72); the main and bypass current transformers (L1, L2) are used for determining whether the contacts of the earth leakage protector (12) and the bypass switch (3) are opened or not by detecting whether current exists or not; a control power supply of the electric operating mechanism (11) is connected with a zero line and a live line of the incoming line terminal (21), and a closing control terminal of the electric operating mechanism (11) is electrically connected with a main circuit closing control terminal (28); the coil winding of the bypass switch (3) is connected in series with the bypass closing control terminal (26) and then connected between the zero line and the live line of the incoming line terminal (21), the bypass opening control terminal (27) is connected in series with the normally open contact of the bypass switch (3) and then connected in parallel with the bypass closing control terminal (26), the incoming line end of the main contact of the bypass switch (3) is electrically connected with the incoming line terminal (21), and the outgoing line end of the main contact of the bypass switch (3) is electrically connected with the bypass lead terminal (25); an outlet terminal (23) of the protection controller (2) is electrically connected with a user load, and an inlet terminal (21) of the protection controller (2) is electrically connected with a power supply grid; a leakage signal relay (K4) is arranged in the leakage protector (12), a coil winding of the leakage signal relay (K4) is connected with a leakage tripping coil of the leakage protector (12) in parallel, a control terminal of the protection controller (2) further comprises a leakage detection terminal (29), the leakage detection terminal (29) is electrically connected with the controller (72), and a normally open contact of the leakage signal relay (K4) is electrically connected with the leakage detection terminal (29) of the protection controller (2) through a lead;

the electric leakage test method for ensuring normal electricity utilization of users comprises the following steps:

Method 1, a method for manually testing the earth leakage protection function under the condition that the earth leakage protector (12) normally works:

Step 1.1, pressing a manual bypass closing button (SH) to switch on a bypass switch (3);

Step 1.2, pressing a key shaft (61) of a testing electromagnetic button (51), enabling the key shaft (61) of the testing electromagnetic button (51) to move downwards to drive a testing button of a leakage protector (12), and starting a tripping action after the leakage protector (12) detects that the testing button is pressed;

Step 1.3, checking whether the leakage protector (12) trips or not, if the leakage protector (12) does not trip, indicating that the leakage protector (12) has a fault, and checking and replacing the leakage protector (12); if the leakage protector is tripped, the leakage protector (12) is indicated to be normal in function and the step 1.4 is executed;

Step 1.4, pressing a key shaft (61) of the reset electromagnetic button (52), enabling the key shaft (61) of the reset electromagnetic button (52) to move downwards to drive a reset button of the leakage protector (12), and enabling the leakage protector (12) to reset after detecting that the reset button is pressed;

Step 1.5, closing the leakage protector (12);

step 1.6, pressing a manual bypass opening button (SF), and breaking a bypass switch (3) to finish the test;

Method 2, control method for periodically and automatically testing electric leakage function:

a time timer unit is arranged in the controller (72), and the automatic test function is started after a time period of one month,

step 2.1, the controller (72) controls a coil winding of the bypass closing relay (K1) to be electrified, a normally open contact of the bypass closing relay (K1) is closed, and a main contact of the bypass switch (3) is switched on;

Step 2.2, the controller (72) controls and detects whether the main contact of the bypass switch (3) is connected, if not, the controller (72) lights a fault indicator lamp; if the switch-on is carried out, step 2.3 is executed; the detection method is that the controller (72) detects whether the bypass current transformer (L2) has current, if so, the bypass current transformer is switched on, and if not, the bypass current transformer is not switched on;

Step 2.3, the controller (72) is connected with the electromagnetic coil of the testing electromagnetic button (51), and the adsorption iron sheet (62) of the testing electromagnetic button (51) slides downwards under the action of the attraction force of the electromagnetic coil so as to drive the key shaft (61) of the testing electromagnetic button (51) to move downwards and press the testing button of the leakage protector (12);

Step 2.4, the controller (72) detects whether the test detection button switch (S1) is closed, if not, the test electromagnetic button (51) does not execute the instruction of the controller (72) and the controller (72) lights a fault indicator lamp; if closed, step 2.5 is performed;

step 2.5, the controller (72) detects whether a switch contact of the leakage protector (12) is disconnected, specifically, the controller (72) detects whether a main circuit current transformer (L1) has current, if the current exists, the contact of the leakage protector (12) is not disconnected, and the controller (72) lights a fault indicator lamp; if no current is detected, it indicates that the earth leakage protector (12) has been opened, and step 2.6 is performed;

step 2.6, the controller (72) is connected with the electromagnetic coil of the reset electromagnetic button (52), the key shaft (61) of the reset electromagnetic button (52) is driven by the adsorption iron sheet (62) to move downwards, and then the reset button of the leakage protector (12) is pressed;

Step 2.7, the controller (72) detects whether the reset detection button switch (S2) is closed, if not, the reset detection button switch indicates that the reset electromagnetic button (52) fails to execute the instruction of the controller (72), and the controller (72) lights a fault indicator lamp; if closed, step 2.8 is performed;

Step 2.8, the controller (72) controls a coil winding of the main circuit closing relay (K3) to be electrified, a normally open contact of the main circuit closing relay (K3) is closed, and the electric operating mechanism (11) controls the leakage protector (12) to close after detecting that the normally open contact of the main circuit closing relay (K3) is closed;

step 2.9, the controller (72) detects whether the earth leakage protector (12) is switched on, specifically, the controller (72) detects whether the main circuit current transformer (L1) has current, if so, the earth leakage protector (12) is switched on, and step 2.10 is executed, if no current is detected, the earth leakage protector (12) is switched on unsuccessfully, and the controller (72) lights a fault indicator lamp;

Step 2.10, the controller (72) controls a coil winding of the bypass opening relay (K2) to be electrified, a normally closed contact of the bypass opening relay (K2) is disconnected, and then the coil winding of the bypass switch (3) is powered off, so that a main contact of the bypass switch (3) is disconnected;

and 2.11, detecting whether the main contact of the bypass switch (3) is disconnected or not by the controller (72), specifically, detecting whether current exists in the bypass current transformer (L2) or not by the controller (72), if the current exists, indicating that the bypass switch (3) is in fault, lighting a fault indicator lamp by the controller (72), and if the current does not exist, indicating that the main contact of the bypass switch (3) is disconnected, and automatically detecting that the earth leakage protection function is ended and the normal state is recovered.

2. A leakage test method for guaranteeing normal electricity utilization of users according to claim 1, characterized in that:

in the method 1, in the process of executing the step 1.1 to the step 1.5, the controller (72) also detects whether a normally open contact of the leakage signal relay (K4) is closed, if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay (K4) is detected to be closed, the controller (72) sends out a command of opening the bypass switch (3) to open a main contact of the bypass switch (3), and if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay (K4) is not detected to be closed, the step 1.1 to the step 1.5 are normally executed;

in the method 1, after the step 1.6 is executed, the controller (72) detects whether the bypass current transformer (L2) has current, if so, the main contact of the bypass switch (3) is not opened, the bypass switch (3) has a fault, the controller (72) lights a fault indicator lamp, and if not, the main contact of the bypass switch (3) is opened, and the equipment is recovered to a normal state.

3. a leakage test method for guaranteeing normal electricity utilization of users according to claim 1, characterized in that:

in the method 2, in the process of executing the step 2.2 to the step 2.9, the controller (72) also detects whether a normally open contact of the leakage relay (K4) is closed, if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay (K4) is closed, the controller (72) sends out a command of opening the bypass switch (3) to open a main contact of the bypass switch (3), and if the normally open contact of the leakage signal relay (K4) is not detected to be closed, the step 2.2 to the step 2.9 are normally executed.

4. A leakage test method for guaranteeing normal electricity utilization of users according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the control circuit is provided with a communication module, the communication module is electrically connected with the controller (72), in the method 1 and the method 2, after the controller (72) lights the fault indicator lamp, the controller (72) sends fault information to the communication module, and the communication module is sent to maintenance personnel through the Internet of things.