CN108057888A - Connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique - Google Patents
Connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108057888A CN108057888A CN201711349191.2A CN201711349191A CN108057888A CN 108057888 A CN108057888 A CN 108057888A CN 201711349191 A CN201711349191 A CN 201711349191A CN 108057888 A CN108057888 A CN 108057888A
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- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/008—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of engine cylinder parts or of piston parts other than piston rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/38—Process control to achieve specific product aspects, e.g. surface smoothness, density, porosity or hollow structures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing techniques, using the method for connecting rod printing experiment, establish 3 D data models of connecting rod, carry out hierarchy slicing processing, and the scanning of scanning S types and contour offset plan two kinds of Machining of Connecting Rod paths；Iron(-)base powder and corresponding technological parameter are selected, connecting rod printing experiment is carried out in 3 D print systems of laser, scans individual layer track used time 4min30s~4min56s, total used time 4h20min.The result shows that the metallographic structure of connecting rod formation zone bottom is mainly column crystal and dendrite, middle and upper part is tiny equiax crystal, and the fine and close overlap joint of interlayer forms good metallurgical binding；Connecting rod microhardness is shaped for 450~490HV, yield strength 754MPa, tensile strength 1189MPa, elongation percentage 9%.3 D printing-formings base of connecting rod laser is compared to forging, powder forging manufacturing process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing technique fields, more particularly to connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique.
Background technology
Connecting rod is the core part of internal-combustion piston engine passing power and converting motion, and connecting rod subjects gas at work
The sizes such as pressure, reciprocal inertia force, the periodically variable alternating load in direction, therefore shape the dimensional accuracy and mechanicalness of connecting rod
It can require high.At present, the engine link largely used both at home and abroad is mainly using die hammer, hotdie forging press, Single arm
Etc. equipment die-forging forming, the U.S., Germany and Japan, which also have, to produce connecting rod in batches using powder forging process and realizes installation.So
And the increasingly fierce of automobile industry competition requires that automobile includes the quick upgrading of internal-combustion engine technology, but due to connecting rod mould
The high loss used in forging and powder forging process up to the mold lead time of several months and mold, all hinders to a certain extent
The development rate of internal combustion engine model machine.Laser 3D printing technology be on the basis of based on rapid prototyping technology combine automatic powder feeding,
A kind of Rapid Manufacturing Technology that laser melting coating is grown up passes through computer aided design software CAD-Computer Aided
Design, CAD) designed a model the principle forming solid part successively accumulated using material.With traditional die forging, powder forging process
It compares, the more product that will be more suitable for technology without mold, short cycle and capability of fast response and quickly regenerate that laser 3D printing has
Kind becomes part volume processing.Laser 3D printing direct forming metal parts realizes shape, is closely sized to or is equal to finished product, energy
It is enough effectively to reduce subsequent mechanical manufacturing procedure and processing capacity.Lot of domestic and foreign scholar is to reducing revolution body Model, thin-walled knot at present
The laser 3D printing forming parameters of structure model control and have carried out substantial amounts of research.It is directly fast in metal parts laser
In terms of rapid-result shape, BJ University of Aeronautics ＆ Astronautics is manufactured that the aircraft of the titanium alloy materials such as A15, TC18, TC21 is large-scale whole main
The superhigh intensitys steel aircraft landing gear key member such as load-carrying member and A100, Xi'an Communications University is to laser fusion nickel-base alloy
Deposition process of setting studied for a long period of time, and produce the hollow impeller exemplar of high dimensional accuracy and great surface quality.Mesh
Before, the research of metal parts laser direct rapid forming focuses primarily upon space flight, aviation, oil, ship etc. and modernizes high-end dress
The manufacturing of standby high-performance large-scale metal component.In automobile metal parts manufacturing field, laser 3D printing technology application
It is less.
The content of the invention
Based on the above problem, the present invention proposes a kind of connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique, establishes connecting rod
Laser 3D printing data model, and shaping is realized in laser 3D printing system using the model, and analyze 3D printing shaping
The microstructure and microhardness distribution of connecting rod different cross section.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention is achieved by the following scheme：
A kind of connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique first establishes connecting rod 3-D data models, carries out hierarchy slicing
Processing, the scanning of scanning S types and contour offset plan two kinds of Machining of Connecting Rod paths；Then iron(-)base powder and corresponding is selected
Technological parameter carries out connecting rod printing in laser 3-D print systems and tests, and scanning individual layer track used time 4min30s~
4min56s, total used time 4h20min.
First according to motorcar engine link design parameter, establish the threedimensional model of connecting rod and be converted into network of triangle lattice file
Form characterizes connecting rod physical model surface profile, generation gore blade unit 776, triangle top using triangle surface
Point 2328；It identifies that connecting rod aspect of model section and characteristic curve carry out hierarchy slicing processing, determines model inside and outside contour size, mend
Repay the diameter 1mm circle laser faculas of laser 3D printing system use.
Single lamella forming process is exactly the process to the filling of internal and external contour line envelope sector scanning；It is special according to link mechanism
Point is scanned using the scanning of S types and contour offset, and the scanning of S types is to fill profile by the way of equidistant parallel lines shuttle-scanning
Interior zone；Contour offset scanning is to connect to entity inside pair-wise offset and paragraph by paragraph single lamella internal and external contour line, so as to
Form filling line；The hierarchy slicing height of laser 3D printing model and fill path spacing；Parameter is the design size by connecting rod
It is determined with 3D printing system technological experiment.
Connecting rod 3D printing model slice height is 0.3mm；Scan path coordinate points cannot directly input laser 3D printing system
Controller of uniting performs, and path code is combined with related process parameters such as laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding rates rear defeated
Go out to control file.
Compared with prior art, the device have the advantages that being：
(1) Fe base alloy powders, laser power 1000W, sweep speed 1000mm/min, powder feeding rate 15g/min are selected
Technological parameter, using contour offset scanning planning Machining of Connecting Rod path, in laser 3D printing system carry out connecting rod laser
3D printing is tested, and obtains shaping connecting rod, scans individual layer track used time 4min30s~4min56s, and connecting rod laser 3D printing shaping is total
Used time 4h20min compared to forging, powder forging manufacturing process, reduces die manufacturing cost and cycle.
(2) the fine and close overlap joint of laser 3D printing shaping connecting rod interlayer, forms good metallurgical binding.Connecting rod formation zone bottom by
In, there are larger temperature gradient, metallographic structure is mainly column crystal with matrix, as the distance away from solid liquid phase becomes larger, temperature
It spends gradient to reduce, constitutional supercooling increase, middle part forms dendrite tissue, and connecting rod shapes upper die free growth into tiny etc.
Axialite.
(3) microhardness of testing laser 3D printing connecting rod all directions, due to the original of molten bath remelting in laser forming process
Cause, microhardness occurrence law on fabrication orientation fluctuate.Laser 3D printing connecting rod is compared with conventional fabrication processes shaping to connect
The mechanical property of bar finds that its yield strength, tensile strength higher than steel forging connecting rod, are not much different with powder forging connecting rod.The result shows that
Laser 3D printing connecting rod improves the geometric accuracy of shaping connecting rod after the machining operations such as follow-up mating milling, grinding
And surface quality, the requirement of connecting rod manufacture can be reached.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is connecting rod threedimensional model and hierarchy slicing figure；
Fig. 2 is the scanning of S types and contour offset scanning theory figure；
Fig. 3 is connecting rod model major design size；
Fig. 4 is the scanning of connecting rod S types and contour offset scanning filling path；
Fig. 5 is connecting rod sample microhardness distribution figure.
Specific embodiment
For those skilled in the art is allowed to become apparent from getting information about the present invention, below in conjunction with attached drawing, to the present invention
It is further described.
A kind of connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique, includes the following steps：
First according to motorcar engine link design parameter, establish the threedimensional model of connecting rod and be converted into network of triangle lattice file
Form characterizes connecting rod physical model surface profile, generation gore blade unit 776, triangle top using triangle surface
Point 2328；It identifies that connecting rod aspect of model section and characteristic curve carry out hierarchy slicing processing, determines model inside and outside contour size, mend
Repay the diameter 1mm circle laser faculas of laser 3D printing system use；
Single lamella forming process is exactly the process to the filling of internal and external contour line envelope sector scanning；It is special according to link mechanism
Point is scanned using the scanning of S types and contour offset, and the scanning of S types is to fill profile by the way of equidistant parallel lines shuttle-scanning
Interior zone；Contour offset scanning is to connect to entity inside pair-wise offset and paragraph by paragraph single lamella internal and external contour line, so as to
Form filling line；The hierarchy slicing height of laser 3D printing model and fill path spacing；Parameter is the design size by connecting rod
It is determined with 3D printing system technological experiment.Connecting rod 3D printing model slice height is 0.3mm；Scan path coordinate points cannot be direct
It inputs laser 3D printing system controller to perform, by the related process such as path code and laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding rate
Output control file after parameter is combined.
Connecting rod laser 3D printing model is established according to certain mass car engine link design parameter shown in Fig. 1 (a)
Threedimensional model is simultaneously converted into triangular mesh (STereo Lithography, STL) file format, is characterized using triangle surface
Connecting rod physical model surface profile, generation gore blade unit 776, triangular apex 2328.Identify that connecting rod model is special
It levies section and characteristic curve carries out hierarchy slicing processing, determine model inside and outside contour size, compensation laser 3D printing system uses
Diameter 1mm circle laser faculas, shown in connecting rod model layers section result such as Fig. 1 (b).Single lamella forming process is exactly internal
The process of outer contour envelope sector scanning filling.According to link mechanism feature, scanned and schemed using the S types as shown in Fig. 2 (a)
(b) the contour offset scanning shown in.The scanning of S types is to fill contoured interior area by the way of equidistant parallel lines shuttle-scanning
Domain；Contour offset scanning is to connect to entity inside pair-wise offset and paragraph by paragraph single lamella internal and external contour line, is filled out so as to be formed
Fill line.The parameters such as the hierarchy slicing height and fill path spacing of laser 3D printing model are the design sizes (Fig. 3) by connecting rod
It is determined with 3D printing system technological experiment.Connecting rod 3D printing model slice height is 0.3mm, and individual layer equidistantly scans, and planning S types are swept
It retouches as shown in Figure 4 with contour offset scanning filling path.Scan path coordinate points cannot directly input laser 3D printing system control
Device processed performs, and control is exported after the related process parameters such as path code and laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding rate are combined
File processed.
Connecting rod laser 3D printing engineer testing
2.1 test material
The plate that matrix is size 300mm × 200mm × 20mm is tested, it is anti-to reduce laser that surface carries out grinding process
It penetrates, powder selects JG-3 type Fe base alloy powders, and ingredient is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 JG-3Fe base alloy powders ingredient (mass fraction, %) Table I Chemical compositions of
JG-3 iron-based alloy powder (wt%)
Technological parameter
The Toolpath Generation of connecting rod model forms two kinds of scan paths, and S types scan the filling line running orbit to be formed
Simply, but since laser fusion metal powder quickly solidifies the molten road of ellipse is formed, single direction, which melts, in lamella repeatedly overlaps
The radial mechanical performance of drip molding can be directly affected, and filling line direction is identical that shrinkage direction stress can be caused consistent, causes
Surface warp degree increases or even occurs at the mutation of filling line direction " dross " phenomenon, so as to influence the shaping of drip molding essence
Degree and surface flatness.The scanning direction of contour offset filling line constantly changes, and the diverging of shaped region internal stress can effectively reduce
Shrinking percentage, and drip molding surfaces externally and internally contour line is a complete closed curve, determined with model key dimension inside and outside
Profile plans fill path to drip molding inside iso-metric offset, can improve the dimensional accuracy of drip molding, reduces following process surplus.
Connecting rod profile shifted scanning path is chosen in experiment.
Experiments have shown that the technological parameters such as laser power, powder feeding rate and sweep speed have to Pool and performance it is aobvious
Writing influences.In multi-track overlapping cladding process, per pass cladding layer influences each other, and the stress state of cladding layer and its whole interior is opposite
It is complicated.With reference to the single track cladding experimental data and related conclusions of laser 3D printing system, choose experiment main technologic parameters and be shown in Table
2。
2 connecting rod of table printing test technology parameter Table, 2 Processing parameters of 3D-printing
experiment
Experiment process and result
According to definite process program, by machining path and combination of process parameters generation control file, input laser 3D is beaten
Print system controller.Substrate is preheated before experiment, the temperature gradient during reduction initial print between cladding layer and substrate,
It completes to starting control program print engine link after knife.With the propulsion of process, connecting rod lamella is constantly accumulated, shaping
Highly increase, whole three-dimensional structure gradually shows.The laser scanning individual layer track used time of laser 3D printing connecting rod for 4min30s~
4min56s, the total number of plies of connecting rod blank model are 50 layers, print total used time 4h20min.
Shape connecting rod performance evaluation
It is prepared by the selection of sample
After connecting rod printing-forming, dangerouse cross-section is determined according to the theory analysis of connecting rod difference operating mode lower stress situation, is chosen
Big end section A-A, B-B, E-E, connecting rod shank section C-C, D-D and small end of connecting rod section E-E prepare sample, use
The sample that Wire EDM cuts surface area 10mm × 10mm carries out institutional framework and performance evaluation.Select granularity ascending
Abrasive paper for metallograph polish, then specimen surface is polished with polishing agent on metallographic grinder, using HV-1000A
Microhardness testers test its Vickers hardness, on-load pressure 500g, retention time 5s.Metallographic specimen after polishing is with now with chloroazotic acid
（Hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are according to 3：1 scalemic thereof）Etching pit is carried out, is rinsed with water immediately after, absolute ethyl alcohol is cleaned, is dried
Machine dries up, using the microstructure morphology of metallography microscope sem observation sample.Room temperature tensile sample (GB/T is prepared at shaft
228.1-2010), sample position feature：Sample marking distance L0=8mm.Room temperature tensile reality is carried out with Reger electronic universal testers
It tests, load deflection rate is 0.5mm/min during stretching.
Specimen cross section microstructure and its origin cause of formation
Heat transfer, mass transfer situation are complicated in laser 3D printing process molten bath, while are accompanied by the generation of tissue inter-variable.From low
The microscopic appearance of times mirror lower link cross-section samples, it can be seen that in layer, interlayer melt mutually fine and close overlap joint, form good smelting
Gold combines.There are a small amount of stomata, Producing reason is mainly that alloy powder aoxidizes before Laser Processing, makes moist for subregion in figure
Or the technological parameters such as oxidation reaction, the overlapping rate of multi-track overlapping process occur at high temperature for the element having set unreasonable also
Cause the generation of hole.In order to improve shaping connecting rod quality, the technological measure that can be taken has optimization laser-processing system, sets
Protective atmosphere is dried before powder conveying and dried.
The metallographic structure of connecting rod cross-section samples bottom shows, the bottom tissue close to matrix is column crystal, and the direction of growth
It is vertical with matrix faying face.Theoretical from metal freezing, the ratio G/R of temperature gradient and solidification rate determines solidified structure
Pattern.Connecting rod accumulation initial substrate material temperature is relatively low, and molten bath relies primarily on matrix heat loss through conduction, the boundary between molten bath and matrix
Face junction is there are larger positive temperature gradient G, and temperature gradient and main direction of heat flow be mainly along deposition direction, i.e., perpendicular to
Matrix faying face, in grain growth process, and the larger crystal grain of main direction of heat flow deviation is eliminated.In the middle part of connecting rod cross-section samples
Metallographic structure is shown is organized as the dendrite perpendicular to matrix faying face direction in the middle part of bottom, due to Fe base alloy powder consolidations
Gu the solidification point of various composition is different during, and the high solute element of fusing point first solidifies, before process of setting is with solid liquid interface
Along the reallocation of solute, solute concentration, which changes, causes the change of metal liquid setting temperature, i.e. constitutional supercooling.With away from solid
The distance increase at liquid interface, temperature gradient G reduce, and constitutional supercooling increase forms dendrite tissue in the middle part of connecting rod section.Connecting rod
The metallographic structure of cross-section samples middle and upper part is shown as tiny equiax crystal.The part of connecting rod multilayer stack shaping already have compared with
High temperature, and top is shaped in connecting rod, heat is distributed by various ways such as heat transfer, heat radiation and cross-ventilations,
The ratio G/R of temperature gradient and solidification rate is gradually reduced, and constitutional supercooling is very big, is generated in solid liquid interface forward position many along each
The nucleus of direction growth, crystal grain free growth form tiny equiax crystal.Since ingredient and Tissue distribution unevenness can be in cladding layers
Inside forms structural stress and transformation stress, influences to shape connecting rod quality, can mating corresponding heat treatment work in subsequent handling
Skill eliminates internal stress.
3.3 mechanical property
Access point testing Vickers hardness on layer height direction to shaping connecting rod different cross section sample and in individual layer track,
Using faying face center as origin, limited a point is chosen at interval of 0.5mm with transverse direction along longitudinal direction, hardness profile is as shown in Figure 5.
It understands, microhardness is from land-connecting rod print zone distribution gradient, and land microhardness is relatively low, in Fe base alloy powders
The elements such as a large amount of Cr, Si (table 1) are with the addition of, laser heating melted alloy powder generation metallic compound expands rapidly into molten bath
It dissipates and solidifies to form Hard Inclusion, connecting rod print zone microhardness is caused to increase substantially.The microhardness of connecting rod print zone is by low
It is due to when laser shapes each layer according to machining locus, making solidification forming to high, constantly variation from high to low again
Partial remelting occurs for last layer molten bath, forms metallurgical binding each other, shaped portion heat transfer makes to be respectively formed tempering on longitudinal direction
Area and reflow zone, microhardness continuously decrease.In individual layer track microhardness value variation less, more uniformly, stablize 450~
490HV.Since laser 3D printing forming accuracy is higher, shape is closely sized to shaping connecting rod, mating follow-up milling, grinding etc.
Machining operation improves the geometric accuracy and surface quality of connecting rod.At present, using ultrafine gain size as the coating of matrix
The milling hardness of cutter is up to 510HV, and cost is relatively low, laser 3D printing connecting rod can be carried out using high-speed milling technique high
The post processing of effect.Tensile tests at room the result shows that, the yield strengths of Fe based powders laser 3D printing connecting rods is 754MPa, tension
Intensity is 1189MPa, elongation percentage 9%.Hardness, tensile property and the die forging of the laser 3D printing connecting rod of acquisition, powder forging are connected
The performance of bar is compared, as shown in table 3.Connecting rod contour forging technique common used material has quenched and tempered steel 40Cr, 35Cr Mo, non-hardened and tempered steel
36Mn VS4、C70S6；The Fe-C-Cu series alloy powders such as powder forging process generally use 3Cu5C, 3Cu6C, 3Cu7C.As can be seen that
The hardness of Fe base alloy powder laser 3D printing connecting rods is slightly higher, and yield strength, tensile strength and elongation percentage and 3Cu7C powder are forged
It is suitable to make connecting rod.
The 3 Comparison of mechanical of mechanical property comparison Table of 3 conventional process of table manufacture connecting rod
properties among various connecting rods
4 conclusions
(1) Fe base alloy powders, laser power 1000W, sweep speed 1000mm/min, powder feeding rate 15g/min are selected
Technological parameter, using contour offset scanning planning Machining of Connecting Rod path, in laser 3D printing system carry out connecting rod laser
3D printing is tested, and obtains shaping connecting rod, scans individual layer track used time 4min30s~4min56s, and connecting rod laser 3D printing shaping is total
Used time 4h20min compared to forging, powder forging manufacturing process, reduces die manufacturing cost and cycle.
(2) the fine and close overlap joint of laser 3D printing shaping connecting rod interlayer, forms good metallurgical binding.Connecting rod formation zone bottom by
In, there are larger temperature gradient, metallographic structure is mainly column crystal with matrix, as the distance away from solid liquid phase becomes larger, temperature
It spends gradient to reduce, constitutional supercooling increase, middle part forms dendrite tissue, and connecting rod shapes upper die free growth into tiny etc.
Axialite.
(3) microhardness of testing laser 3D printing connecting rod all directions, due to the original of molten bath remelting in laser forming process
Cause, microhardness occurrence law on fabrication orientation fluctuate.Laser 3D printing connecting rod is compared with conventional fabrication processes shaping to connect
The mechanical property of bar finds that its yield strength, tensile strength higher than steel forging connecting rod, are not much different with powder forging connecting rod.The result shows that
Laser 3D printing connecting rod improves the geometric accuracy of shaping connecting rod after the machining operations such as follow-up mating milling, grinding
And surface quality, the requirement of connecting rod manufacture can be reached.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
With within principle, any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements are made should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention god.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique, which is characterized in that connecting rod 3-D data models are first established, into
The processing of row hierarchy slicing, the scanning of scanning S types and contour offset plan two kinds of Machining of Connecting Rod paths；Then iron(-)base powder is selected
And corresponding technological parameter, connecting rod printing experiment is carried out in laser 3-D print systems, scans the individual layer track used time
4min30s~4min56s, total used time 4h20min.
2. connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that first sent out according to car
Motivation link design parameter establishes the threedimensional model of connecting rod and is converted into triangular mesh file format, utilizes triangle surface
Characterize connecting rod physical model surface profile, generation gore blade unit 776, triangular apex 2328；Identify connecting rod mould
Type characteristic cross-section and characteristic curve carry out hierarchy slicing processing, determine model inside and outside contour size, and compensation laser 3D printing system is adopted
Diameter 1mm circle laser faculas.
3. connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to link mechanism
Feature is scanned using the scanning of S types and contour offset, and the scanning of S types is to fill wheel by the way of equidistant parallel lines shuttle-scanning
Wide interior zone；Contour offset scanning is to connect to entity inside pair-wise offset and paragraph by paragraph single lamella internal and external contour line, from
And form filling line；The hierarchy slicing height of laser 3D printing model and fill path spacing；Parameter is the design ruler by connecting rod
Very little and 3D printing system technological experiment determines.
4. connection rod of automobile engine laser 3D printing technique according to claim 1, which is characterized in that connecting rod 3D printing mould
Type slice height is 0.3mm；Scan path coordinate points cannot directly input the execution of laser 3D printing system controller, by path generation
Output control file after code is combined with related process parameters such as laser power, sweep speed, powder feeding rates.
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| CN110394448A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-01 | 深圳大学 | A metal 3D printing method and system |
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| CN116060634A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-05-05 | 陕西鼎益科技有限公司 | Preparation method of 3D fuse printing piece with low damage defect and high tensile strength |
| CN116060634B (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2025-01-03 | 陕西鼎益科技有限公司 | A method for preparing a 3D fused filament printed part with low damage defects and high tensile strength |
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Application publication date: 20180522 |