CN108046433A - A kind of floating stuffing colonization method of Anaerobic wastewater treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a film-hanging method for suspended fillers for anaerobic treatment of wastewater, and relates to a film-hanging method for anaerobic treatment of wastewater. The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing anaerobic biofilm reactor is difficult to form a film, has a long start-up period, many operations and is difficult to control. The present invention: 1. Utilize aerobic sludge to carry out film-hanging treatment on the filler; 2. Cultivate biofilm; 3. Transform the filler into film-hanging under anaerobic conditions; membrane. The present invention provides a method for rapid film formation, and it takes 5 days to 7 days to complete the film formation (COD removal rate reaches 30%), which is more than 2 weeks shorter than the time required by the traditional sludge discharge and film formation method. In the present invention, the aerobic sludge is used to carry out film-forming treatment on the filler, and then transfer to the film-forming of the filler under anaerobic conditions.

Description

A kind of suspended filler film hanging method for anaerobic treatment of wastewater

technical field

The invention relates to a membrane-hanging method for anaerobic treatment of wastewater.

Background technique

Anaerobic water treatment technology is mainly divided into anaerobic activated sludge method and anaerobic biofilm method. The biofilm method of anaerobic water treatment mainly uses biofilm to contact wastewater under the action of solid-liquid two-phase mass transfer, and degrades organic pollutants through its own metabolism to achieve the purpose of purifying water quality. Based on this principle, a variety of anaerobic biofilm reactors have been developed, which have the advantages of high processing efficiency, strong adaptability, and impact load resistance. They can generally be divided into anaerobic biofilters, anaerobic fluidized beds, anaerobic Biofilm expanded bed, etc. Biofilm is formed by the growth and reproduction of microbial cells attached to the surface of the carrier. It is mainly composed of microorganisms and their extracellular polymers, as well as solutes and inorganic particles that are adsorbed and embedded in them. Due to the slow growth of anaerobic bacteria, it is generally difficult for anaerobic biofilm reactors to form a film, and the start-up period is long, which restricts its application in the field of industrial wastewater and domestic sewage treatment.

Chinese invention patent "Film Hanging Method for Filling in Biological Contact Oxidation Tank" (Patent No. ZL200710061583.9), through sludge circulation, aeration and suspended microorganism discharge, increase the microbial load on the filler, and cultivate biofilm by controlling the organic load . This method is suitable for the aerobic film-hanging process of suspended fillers.

Chinese invention patent "A method of film-hanging carrier filler in moving bed biofilm reactor" (publication number 05565480A) through the moving bed biofilm reactor simultaneously draining water and supplementing the separated waste water, performing dynamic culture, and refluxing the active sewage Sludge, this method needs to monitor the sludge concentration, which is inconvenient to operate. This method is suitable for the aerobic film-hanging process of suspended fillers.

The Chinese invention patent "A Device and Method for Rapid Biofilm Forming of Wastewater" (publication number 106430560A) speeds up film formation by fixing Sphingomonas rubrum on the filler. Adaptability is affected by many factors and is not easy to control.

Chinese invention patent "A Method for Cultivating Biofilm for Anaerobic Treatment of Antibiotic Wastewater" (publication number CN105948242A) prepares Bacillus licheniformis microbial agent, filler film-hanging treatment, and anaerobic reactor biofilm cultivation in three steps Cultivation of biofilms on combined media. This method needs to prepare the corresponding biological bacteria agent in advance, and needs to set up another device to pretreat the filler, which requires many operations and is inconvenient for operation and management.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of the existing anaerobic biofilm reactors, such as difficulty in film formation, long start-up period, many operations and difficult control, and provides a film formation method for suspended fillers for anaerobic treatment of wastewater.

A kind of suspended filler film hanging method of wastewater anaerobic treatment of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps:

1. Inoculate the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: put the suspended filler into the biofilm reactor, and use the feed pump to pump the aerobic sludge through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor In the biofilm reactor, then start the circulating pump to pump the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 6 hours, and then empty the aerobic sludge The filling rate of the suspended filler is 30%-80% of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the dosage of the aerobic sludge is 1/8 to 1/3 of the volume of the biofilm reactor; The aerobic sludge is the aerobic sludge cultivated by intermittent aeration of the bottom sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant;

2. Cultivate biofilm: use the feed pump to continuously pump synthetic wastewater into the biofilm reactor, aerate and run under the condition of dissolved oxygen concentration of 3mg/L-6mg/L until the biofilm grows on the surface of the filler;

The method to determine the growth of biofilm on the surface of the filler is as follows: the surface of the filler can be observed under a microscope to observe bacterial micelles, filamentous bacteria and bell worms, and the COD removal rate of the effluent is 50% to 70%;

The synthetic wastewater is composed of nutrient element mother liquor and trace element mother liquor; the nutrient element mother liquor is composed of sodium acetate, NH ₄ Cl, KH ₂ PO ₄ , CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O, MgSO ₄ ·7H ₂ O and water composition; trace element mother liquor is composed of MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O, NiCl 6H ₂ O and water;

The concentration of each component in the synthetic wastewater is as follows: sodium acetate is 250 mg/L, NH ₄ Cl is 40 mg/L, KH ₂ PO ₄ is 10 mg/L, CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O is 20 mg/L, MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O is 25 mg/L, MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 1 mg/L, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O is 0.1mg/L, NiCl·6H ₂ O is 0.25mg/L;

3. Inoculate the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: use the feed pump to pump the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor, and then start the circulation pump to The anaerobic sludge is pumped into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 24 hours, and then the anaerobic sludge is emptied; the addition of the anaerobic sludge The amount is 1/8-1/3 of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the anaerobic sludge is the bottom sludge of the sludge concentration tank or the flocculent sludge in the anaerobic reactor of the water plant;

4. Continuous pumping of anaerobic process feed water: under the condition of a volume load of 0.5kg/m ³ ·d～1kg/m ³ ·d, use a feed pump to continuously pump anaerobic process feed water into the biofilm reactor Until the COD removal rate of the effluent reaches 30%, the film formation is completed.

The process of film-hanging on the filler is a process in which microorganisms attach and grow on the filler. Due to the slow growth and reproduction of anaerobic bacteria, it takes a long time to complete the film-hanging when using traditional methods (such as the sludge-draining film-hanging method). The present invention first uses aerobic sludge to inoculate, and biofilm under aerobic conditions grows on the surface of the filler, and then changes to anaerobic conditions, based on the biofilm rapidly produced under aerobic conditions, so that the anaerobic flora can It is easier to attach and grow on the filler surface.

The principle of the invention is that aerobic bacteria and some facultative anaerobic bacteria proliferate rapidly, and the extracellular polymers produced by them are conducive to the formation of membrane structures; the colloidal mucous membrane formed by the growth and reproduction of microorganisms under aerobic conditions effectively improves the surface characteristics of the carrier , is conducive to the attachment and growth of anaerobic biofilm, and finally realizes the formation of biofilm under anaerobic conditions.

Film-hanging is the initial stage of biofilm reactor start-up. The present invention provides a method for rapid film-hanging. It takes 5-7 days to complete film-hanging (COD removal rate reaches 30%). The time required for the method was shortened by more than 2 weeks.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following remarkable effect:

(1) The present invention adopts the aerobic sludge inoculation of anaerobic sludge intermittent aeration culture, utilizes the facultative anaerobic bacterial classification in the anaerobic digestion microbial population to carry out aerobic film-hanging, improves carrier surface characteristic, is conducive to anaerobic Attachment and growth of oxygen bacteria;

(2) The present invention combines and utilizes the structure of the anaerobic reactor under the anaerobic biofilm process, and completes the whole film-forming process in the same reactor, and the power equipment required for the suspended filler film-forming stage does not have redundancy, and the operation and management are convenient , strong practicability;

(3) In the present invention, when the sludge is inoculated, the sludge is circulated and pumped, and the sludge is rinsed from the upper part of the filler. Only a small amount of inoculation sludge is needed, and compared with the conventional film-forming method, the film-forming speed is fast, which effectively shortens the time. Reactor startup time.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the biofilm reactor in Embodiment 2.

Detailed ways

Specific implementation mode one: this implementation mode is a kind of suspended filler membrane-hanging method of wastewater anaerobic treatment is carried out according to the following steps:

1. Inoculate the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: put the suspended filler into the biofilm reactor, and use the feed pump to pump the aerobic sludge through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor In the biofilm reactor, then start the circulating pump to pump the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 6 hours, and then empty the aerobic sludge The filling rate of the suspended filler is 30%-80% of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the dosage of the aerobic sludge is 1/8 to 1/3 of the volume of the biofilm reactor; The aerobic sludge is the aerobic sludge cultivated by intermittent aeration of the bottom sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant;

This step uses aerobic sludge obtained by intermittent aeration of anaerobic sludge. This part of sludge has a large number of facultative anaerobic bacteria and can better adapt to subsequent anaerobic conditions.

This step only requires that the film hangs to a certain stage, and the colloidal mucous membrane is formed on the surface of the filler. Therefore, this step takes a short time, but it can shorten the time required for anaerobic film hanging.

2. Cultivate biofilm: use the feed pump to continuously pump synthetic wastewater into the biofilm reactor, aerate and run under the condition of dissolved oxygen concentration of 3mg/L-6mg/L until the biofilm grows on the surface of the filler;

The method to determine the growth of biofilm on the surface of the filler is as follows: the surface of the filler can be observed under a microscope to observe bacterial micelles, filamentous bacteria and bell worms, and the COD removal rate of the effluent is 50% to 70%;

The synthetic wastewater is composed of nutrient element mother liquor and trace element mother liquor; the nutrient element mother liquor is composed of sodium acetate, NH ₄ Cl, KH ₂ PO ₄ , CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O, MgSO ₄ ·7H ₂ O and water composition; trace element mother liquor is composed of MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O, NiCl 6H ₂ O and water;

The concentration of each component in the synthetic wastewater is as follows: sodium acetate is 250 mg/L, NH ₄ Cl is 40 mg/L, KH ₂ PO ₄ is 10 mg/L, CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O is 20 mg/L, MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O is 25 mg/L, MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 1 mg/L, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O is 0.1mg/L, NiCl·6H ₂ O is 0.25mg/L;

3. Inoculate the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: use the feed pump to pump the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor, and then start the circulation pump to The anaerobic sludge is pumped into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 24 hours, and then the anaerobic sludge is emptied; the addition of the anaerobic sludge The amount is 1/8-1/3 of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the anaerobic sludge is the bottom sludge of the sludge concentration tank or the flocculent sludge in the anaerobic reactor of the water plant;

4. Continuous pumping of anaerobic process feed water: under the condition of a volume load of 0.5kg/m ³ ·d～1kg/m ³ ·d, use a feed pump to continuously pump anaerobic process feed water into the biofilm reactor Until the COD removal rate of the effluent reaches 30%, the film formation is completed.

Specific embodiment two: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment one is: as shown in Figure 1, the described biofilm reactor is composed of a reactor body (1), a water distributor (8), a feed pump ( 9), circulation pump (10), outlet pipe (11), aeration pipe (15) and air source (16);

Inside the reactor body (1) from top to bottom are the water distribution area (3), the suspended packing area (4), the water outlet area (5) and the sludge deposition area (6);

Water inlet (7) and air outlet (2) are set on the top of the reactor body (1), and the aeration pipe (15) enters the reactor body (1) to the suspended packing area through the top of the reactor body (1) (4), and the aeration pipe (15) is sealed with the reactor body (1), and the air outlet of the air source (16) is communicated with the air inlet of the aeration pipe (15);

A water distributor (8) is arranged in the water distribution area (3), and the water inlet end of the water distributor (8) communicates with the water outlet end of the water inlet (7);

The suspended packing area (4) is equipped with suspended packing;

A water outlet (13) and a return port (12) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the reactor body (1) located at the water outlet area (5); the water outlet (13) communicates with the water outlet pipe (11), and the water outlet pipe end (11 -1) is higher than the height of the water outlet (13) and lower than the height of the water inlet (7); It is communicated with the discharge port of circulation pump (10) and the discharge port of feed pump (9);

The sludge deposition area (6) is in the shape of a downward contracting cone, and a sludge discharge outlet (14) is provided at the bottom of the sludge deposition area (6).

The biofilm reactor is a continuous flow biofilm treatment unit applied to the treatment of municipal sewage, industrial wastewater, slightly polluted source water, etc., and its type is anaerobic. Others are the same as the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 or 2 is that the density of the suspended filler in step 1 is less than or equal to the density of water. Others are the same as those in Embodiment 1 or 2.

Embodiment 4: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that the suspended filler in step 1 is polyethylene, polypropylene or polyurethane. Others are the same as in the third embodiment.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 4 in that the suspension filler described in step 1 is a cylinder, a sphere or a sponge net. Others are the same as in the third embodiment.

Embodiment 6: The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the influent of the anaerobic process described in step 4 is beverage waste water, beer waste water, methanol waste water, slaughter waste water, pharmaceutical waste water or coal chemical industry waste water, and the specific selection The same water plant as the source of the anaerobic sludge in step 3. Others are the same as the first embodiment.

Embodiment 7: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: in step 4, the water temperature in the biofilm reactor is controlled to 35°C. Others are the same as the first embodiment.

Embodiment 8: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: in step 4, the water temperature in the biofilm reactor is controlled to be 18°C to 22°C. Others are the same as the first embodiment.

Embodiment 9: This embodiment is different from Embodiment 1 in that: in step 4, the water temperature in the biofilm reactor is controlled to 55°C. Others are the same as the first embodiment.

The present invention is verified with following test:

Test 1: This test is a suspended filler film-hanging method for anaerobic treatment of wastewater, which is carried out according to the following steps:

1. Inoculate the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: put the suspended filler into the biofilm reactor, and use the feed pump to pump the aerobic sludge through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor In the biofilm reactor, then start the circulating pump to pump the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 6 hours, and then empty the aerobic sludge The filling rate of the suspended filler is 50% of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the dosage of the aerobic sludge is 1/4 of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the amount of the aerobic sludge is two The aerobic sludge cultivated by intermittent aeration of sedimentation tank bottom sludge;

2. Cultivate biofilm: use a feed pump to continuously pump synthetic wastewater into the biofilm reactor, aerate and run under the condition of a dissolved oxygen concentration of 3mg/L until the biofilm grows on the surface of the filler;

The method to determine the growth of biofilm on the surface of the filler is as follows: the surface of the filler can be observed under a microscope to observe bacterial micelles, filamentous bacteria and bell worms, and the COD removal rate of the effluent is 70%;

The synthetic wastewater is composed of nutrient element mother liquor and trace element mother liquor; the nutrient element mother liquor is composed of sodium acetate, NH ₄ Cl, KH ₂ PO ₄ , CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O, MgSO ₄ ·7H ₂ O and water composition; trace element mother liquor is composed of MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O, NiCl 6H ₂ O and water;

The concentration of each component in the synthetic wastewater is as follows: sodium acetate is 250 mg/L, NH ₄ Cl is 40 mg/L, KH ₂ PO ₄ is 10 mg/L, CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O is 20 mg/L, MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O is 25 mg/L, MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 1 mg/L, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O is 0.1mg/L, NiCl·6H ₂ O is 0.25mg/L;

3. Inoculate the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: use the feed pump to pump the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor, and then start the circulation pump to The anaerobic sludge is pumped into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 24 hours, and then the anaerobic sludge is emptied; the addition of the anaerobic sludge The volume is 1/4 of the biofilm reactor volume;

4. Continuous pumping of anaerobic process feed water: under the condition of a volume load of 0.5kg/m ³ ·d～1kg/m ³ ·d, use a feed pump to continuously pump anaerobic process feed water into the biofilm reactor Until the COD removal rate of the effluent reaches 30%, the film formation is completed.

As shown in Figure 1, the described biofilm reactor is composed of a reactor body (1), a water distributor (8), a feed pump (9), a circulation pump (10), an outlet pipe (11), an aeration Tube (15) and air source (16);

Inside the reactor body (1) from top to bottom are the water distribution area (3), the suspended packing area (4), the water outlet area (5) and the sludge deposition area (6);

Water inlet (7) and air outlet (2) are set on the top of the reactor body (1), and the aeration pipe (15) enters the reactor body (1) to the suspended packing area through the top of the reactor body (1) (4), and the aeration pipe (15) is sealed with the reactor body (1), and the air outlet of the air source (16) is communicated with the air inlet of the aeration pipe (15);

A water distributor (8) is arranged in the water distribution area (3), and the water inlet end of the water distributor (8) communicates with the water outlet end of the water inlet (7);

The suspended packing area (4) is equipped with suspended packing;

A water outlet (13) and a return port (12) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the reactor body (1) located at the water outlet area (5); the water outlet (13) communicates with the water outlet pipe (11), and the water outlet pipe end (11 -1) is higher than the height of the water outlet (13) and lower than the height of the water inlet (7); It is communicated with the discharge port of circulation pump (10) and the discharge port of feed pump (9);

The sludge deposition area (6) is in the shape of a downward contracting cone, and a sludge discharge outlet (14) is provided at the bottom of the sludge deposition area (6).

The suspension filler described in step 1 is polyurethane, and the density is less than the density of water; The water temperature in the membrane reactor was 35°C.

This experiment provides a method of rapid film formation, and it takes 5-7 days to complete the film formation (COD removal rate reaches 30%), which is more than 2 weeks shorter than the traditional method of sludge discharge and film formation.

Claims (9)

1. a suspended filler film-hanging method for anaerobic wastewater treatment, characterized in that the suspended filler membrane-hanging method for anaerobic wastewater treatment is carried out in the following steps: 1. Inoculate the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: put the suspended filler into the biofilm reactor, and use the feed pump to pump the aerobic sludge through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor In the biofilm reactor, then start the circulating pump to pump the aerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 6 hours, and then empty the aerobic sludge The filling rate of the suspended filler is 30%-80% of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the dosage of the aerobic sludge is 1/8 to 1/3 of the volume of the biofilm reactor; The aerobic sludge is the aerobic sludge cultivated by intermittent aeration of the bottom sludge of the secondary sedimentation tank of the urban sewage plant; 2. Cultivate biofilm: use the feed pump to continuously pump synthetic wastewater into the biofilm reactor, aerate and run under the condition of dissolved oxygen concentration of 3mg/L-6mg/L until the biofilm grows on the surface of the filler; The method to determine the growth of biofilm on the surface of the filler is as follows: the surface of the filler can be observed under a microscope to observe bacterial micelles, filamentous bacteria and bell worms, and the COD removal rate of the effluent is 50% to 70%; The synthetic wastewater is composed of nutrient element mother liquor and trace element mother liquor; the nutrient element mother liquor is composed of sodium acetate, NH ₄ Cl, KH ₂ PO ₄ , CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O, MgSO ₄ ·7H ₂ O and water composition; trace element mother liquor is composed of MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O, NiCl 6H ₂ O and water; The concentration of each component in the synthetic wastewater is as follows: sodium acetate is 250 mg/L, NH ₄ Cl is 40 mg/L, KH ₂ PO ₄ is 10 mg/L, CaCl ₂ ·H ₂ O is 20 mg/L, MgSO ₄ · 7H ₂ O is 25 mg/L, MnCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, FeCl ₂ 4H ₂ O is 1 mg/L, ZnSO ₄ 7H ₂ O is 0.075 mg/L, CoCl ₂ 6H ₂ O is 0.1mg/L, NiCl·6H ₂ O is 0.25mg/L; 3. Inoculate the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor: use the feed pump to pump the anaerobic sludge into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor, and then start the circulation pump to The anaerobic sludge is pumped into the biofilm reactor through the water distributor arranged above the interior of the biofilm reactor to circulate and wash the suspended filler for 24 hours, and then the anaerobic sludge is emptied; the addition of the anaerobic sludge The amount is 1/8-1/3 of the volume of the biofilm reactor; the anaerobic sludge is the bottom sludge of the sludge concentration tank or the flocculent sludge in the anaerobic reactor of the water plant; 4. Continuously pump the feed water into the anaerobic process to cultivate the biofilm: under the condition that the volume load is 0.5kg/m ³ ·d～1kg/m ³ ·d, use the feed pump to continuously pump the anaerobic water into the biofilm reactor. The COD removal rate from the influent to the effluent of the oxygen process reaches 30%, and the film formation is completed. 2. a kind of suspension filler film-hanging method of wastewater anaerobic treatment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described biofilm reactor is composed of reactor body (1), water distributor (8), feed Composed of a pump (9), a circulation pump (10), an outlet pipe (11), an aeration pipe (15) and an air source (16); Inside the reactor body (1) from top to bottom are the water distribution area (3), the suspended packing area (4), the water outlet area (5) and the sludge deposition area (6); Water inlet (7) and air outlet (2) are set on the top of the reactor body (1), and the aeration pipe (15) enters the reactor body (1) to the suspended packing area through the top of the reactor body (1) (4), and the aeration pipe (15) is sealed with the reactor body (1), and the air outlet of the air source (16) is communicated with the air inlet of the aeration pipe (15); A water distributor (8) is arranged in the water distribution area (3), and the water inlet end of the water distributor (8) communicates with the water outlet end of the water inlet (7); The suspended packing area (4) is equipped with suspended packing; A water outlet (13) and a return port (12) are respectively arranged on the side wall of the reactor body (1) located at the water outlet area (5); the water outlet (13) communicates with the water outlet pipe (11), and the water outlet pipe end (11 -1) is higher than the height of the water outlet (13) and lower than the height of the water inlet (7); It is communicated with the discharge port of circulation pump (10) and the discharge port of feed pump (9); The sludge deposition area (6) is in the shape of a downward contracting cone, and a sludge discharge outlet (14) is provided at the bottom of the sludge deposition area (6). 3. The method for film-hanging of suspended fillers for anaerobic treatment of wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of the suspended fillers described in step 1 is less than or equal to the density of water. 4. The film-hanging method of a kind of suspended filler for wastewater anaerobic treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspended filler described in step 1 is polyethylene, polypropylene or polyurethane. 5. The method for film-hanging of suspended fillers for anaerobic treatment of wastewater according to claim 4, characterized in that the suspended fillers described in step 1 are cylinders, spheres or sponge nets. 6. The film-hanging method of suspended filler for a kind of wastewater anaerobic treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that the anaerobic process influent described in step 4 is beverage wastewater, beer wastewater, methanol wastewater, slaughter wastewater, pharmaceutical Wastewater or coal chemical industry wastewater. 7 . The method for film-hanging of suspended fillers for anaerobic treatment of wastewater according to claim 1 , wherein the water temperature in the biofilm reactor is controlled to be 35° C. in step 4. 8 . 8 . The method for film-hanging of suspended fillers for anaerobic treatment of wastewater according to claim 1 , characterized in that in step 4, the water temperature in the biofilm reactor is controlled to be 18°C to 22°C. 9. The method for film-hanging of suspended fillers for anaerobic treatment of wastewater according to claim 1, characterized in that in step 4, the water temperature in the biofilm reactor is controlled to be 55°C.