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CN108022934A - 一种薄膜的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种薄膜的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108022934A
CN108022934A CN201610986988.2A CN201610986988A CN108022934A CN 108022934 A CN108022934 A CN 108022934A CN 201610986988 A CN201610986988 A CN 201610986988A CN 108022934 A CN108022934 A CN 108022934A
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silicon
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孙伟
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SHENYANG SILICON TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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Priority to CN201610986988.2A priority Critical patent/CN108022934A/zh
Priority to TW105137971A priority patent/TWI610336B/zh
Priority to US15/358,517 priority patent/US9824891B1/en
Priority to DE102017118860.6A priority patent/DE102017118860B4/de
Priority to FR1758203A priority patent/FR3058257B1/fr
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种薄膜的制备方法,属于SOI片的制备技术领域。通过在提供的高阻硅片上生长一层电介质材料(氧化硅),再在电介质材料层上生长一层非晶硅,转移一层氧化硅在非晶硅上,使氧化层上存在单晶硅,从而制备出具有非晶硅层的SOI片,上述过程在特定工艺条件完成,所制备的薄膜(即带有非晶硅层的SOI片)主要用于射频设备。

Description

一种薄膜的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及SOI片的制备技术领域,具体涉及一种薄膜的制备方法,所制备的薄膜主要应用于射频设备。
背景技术
目前用于RF前端模组的材料如下:
1、SOQ(silicon on quartz石英上的硅)、SOS(silicon on sapphire蓝宝石上的硅):SOQ和传统的SOI相同,它产生较低的漏电流,由于其较低的寄生电容,高频下电路性能得到了提高。SOS的优势在于其极好的电绝缘性,可有效防止杂散电流造成的辐射扩散到附近元件。SOQ和SOS这类衬底可以获得极好的射频性能,但这种结构非常少,因此它们非常昂贵。
2、高阻衬底硅:其电阻率在500ohm.cm以上,这种衬底比第一种差,这种衬底不受益于SOI类型结构优势,但是他们成本较低。
3、高阻SOI衬底:这类衬底具有结构优势,但表现出来的性能比第一种差。
形成低电阻层的一个原因是:由于低电阻率层在键合前表面可能存在污染物,在键合过程中,这些污染物被封装在粘结界面并能够扩散到高电阻率衬底;形成低电阻层另一个原因是:衬底中氧原子含量较高,必须进行热处理,使氧原子沉淀以获得高电阻衬底。然而,氧原子扩散、热处理过程导致所形成衬底的表面电阻率低。这两个原因目前难以控制。
4、在第三种的基础上通过加入缺陷层改进了高阻SOI衬底型衬底:为达到该目的,尝试了多技术,但都存在一些缺点:敏感于SOI制造及其后IC器件制造中过程发热,不易制出热稳定性好的材料。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术中的不足之处,提供一种薄膜的制备方法,该薄膜是指带有非晶硅层的SOI片,SOI片中引用非晶硅层,非晶硅与氧化硅的有效结合能够有效抑制硅衬底的表面寄生电导,限制电容变化和减少产生的谐波的功率,从而使高阻SOI衬底电阻率的损失降至最低。
为实现上述目的,本发明所采用的技术方案如下:
一种薄膜的制备方法,即带有非晶硅层的SOI片的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)提供高阻硅片(硅片电阻率大于1000ohm.cm),清洗后在其表面依次制备氧化硅层和非晶硅层,氧化硅层厚度为150-300A,非晶硅层的厚度为1-5μm;其中:对高阻硅片依次采用DHF、SC1和SC2清洗,除去硅片表面自然氧化层及污染物,然后再在高阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层。
在高阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层的过程为:将高阻硅片置于氧化炉中,氧化温度为1060-1150℃,通过控制氧化时间制备所需厚度的氧化硅层,然后依次采用SC1、SC2进行清洗,去除表面污染物。
在高阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层后,再在氧化硅层表面制备非晶硅层,制备非晶硅层是通过LPCVD(低压化学气相沉积)的方式,生长压力为0.1-5.0Torr,反应温度为300℃-900℃;制备非晶硅层后的高阻硅片依次采用SC1、SC2清洗,以去除表面杂质。
(2)提供低阻硅片(电阻率小于100ohm.cm),清洗后在其表面制备氧化硅层,氧化硅层厚度为2000-10000A;其中:
对低阻硅片依次采用DHF、SC1和SC2清洗,除去硅片表面自然氧化层及污染物,然后再在低阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层。
在低阻硅片上制备氧化硅层的过程为:将低阻硅片置于氧化炉中,氧化温度在950-1020℃,根据氧化时间控制所得氧化硅层厚度;然后将制备有氧化硅层的低阻硅片依次采用SC1、SC2清洗,以去除表面污染物。
(3)将步骤(2)制备有氧化硅层的低阻硅片进行氢离子注入,使氢离子穿透氧化硅层注入到硅片,并达到所需深度,然后依次采用SPM、DHF、SC1、SC2进行清洗;
(4)将步骤(1)处理后的高阻硅片和步骤(3)处理后的低阻硅片通过键合方式成为一个整体,然后进行200-450℃条件下的退火处理,退火后将键合后的整体依次采用SC1、SC2清洗;
(5)将步骤(4)键合后的整体采用微波裂片设备进行裂片,裂片温度低于400℃,即获得带有非晶层的SOI片;
(6)将裂片后获得的带有非晶层的SOI片进行清洗,清洗过程为:依次采用SPM、DHF、SC1、SC2进行清洗,去除SOI表面的硅渣及其他污染物;清洗后在1000-1500℃条件下进行退火处理;
(7)将步骤(6)退火处理后的带有非晶层的SOI片先采用DHF清洗,以去除高温退火带来的氧化层,然后再依次采用SC1、SC2,以去除化学液及表面污染物,最后进行CMP工艺,使其顶层硅达到所需求的厚度,即获得所需规格的带有非晶层的SOI片成品。
本发明所制备的带有非晶硅层的SOI片具有以下优点:
1、非晶硅与氧化硅结合的技术优势是高缺陷密度。非晶硅与氧化硅结合层的应用,有效的抑制了硅衬底的表面寄生电导,限制电容变化和减少产生的谐波的功率。
2、非晶层冻结载流子使硅材料成为真正的高阻。减少高阻SOI衬底的PSC(寄生表面电导)。
3、本发明非晶硅技术的优势是高缺陷密度,高热稳定性的非晶硅层的应用与键合过程相容。阻挡了氧化层下的电势,限制电容变化和减少产生的谐波的功率。
4、非晶层高阻SOI衬底减少RF衬底损失,非晶层+高阻硅增加衬底线性特性,非晶层高阻SOI衬底减少直流电压偏置,且与CMOS兼容,降低了射频的损耗。
5、本发明可以制造高质量的元器件,制造成本低。
附图说明
图1为本发明工艺流程图;图中:(a)高阻硅片;(b)制备氧化硅层;(c)制备非晶硅层;(d)低阻硅片;(e)制备有氧化硅层的低阻硅片;(f)氢离子注入;(g)键合;(h)微波裂片。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图及实施例详述本发明。
实施例1:
本实施例提供一种薄膜的制备方法,该薄膜是指带有非晶硅层的SOI片,其制备包括如下步骤:
1、提供高阻硅片(硅片电阻率大于1000ohm.cm),并对其表面依次使用DHF、SC1和SC2清洗,以除去硅片表面自然氧化层及污染物;使用测试设备测试硅片表面颗粒情况,符合要求的硅片,进行下一步(图1(a))。
2、参考图1(b),在高阻硅片的表面上制备氧化硅层,生长的氧化层厚度在200A左右;制备过程为:将高阻硅片置于氧化炉中,氧化温度为1100℃左右;然后依次采用SC1、SC2进行清洗,去除表面污染物。使用测试设备测试硅片表面颗粒情况、使用测试设备测试氧化硅的厚度及其他各项参数(比如氧化硅层的颗粒,电学参数),选择符合要求的硅片,进行下一步。
3、在图1(b)的基础上,通过LPCVD(低压化学气相沉积)的方式,生长压力为0.1-5.0Torr,反应温度为300℃-900℃,在氧化硅层上制备非晶硅层(图1(c)),非晶硅层的厚度为1-5μm;制备非晶硅层后的高阻硅片依次采用SC1、SC2清洗,以去除表面杂质。使用测试设备测试长出的非晶硅的厚度,厚度在其范围内的硅片,进行下一步。
4、提供低阻硅片(电阻率小于100ohm.cm),依次采用DHF、SC1、SC2进行清洗,以除去硅片表面自然氧化层及污染物(图1(d))。使用测试设备测试表面颗粒是否合格及几何参数情况,选择合格的硅片进行下一步。
5、在步骤(4)的低阻硅片上制备氧化硅层,厚度为2000-10000A,制备过程为:将低阻硅片置于氧化炉中,氧化温度在1000℃左右;将制备有氧化硅层的低阻硅片依次采用SC1、SC2清洗,以去除表面污染物(图1(e))。使用测试设备测试得到硅片的氧化层厚度及表面状态,选择合适的氧化硅片进行下一步。
6、将步骤(5)制备氧化硅层的低阻硅片进行氢离子注入,使氢离子穿透氧化硅层注入到硅片,并达到所需深度(图1(f)),然后依次采用SPM、DHF、SC1、SC2进行清洗。对硅片进行测试,选择合格的硅片进行下一步。
7、将步骤(3)和步骤(6)处理后的高阻硅片和低阻硅片通过键合成为一个整体,然后进行低温退火;退火温度为200-450℃,通过退火增加硅片之间键合力的强度(图1(g));然后进行SONOSCAN D9600TM C-SAM测试,SONOSCAN D9600TM C-SAM测试,测试后依次采用SC1、SC2清洗。选择合格的硅片(键合后没有空洞)进行下一步。
8、将步骤(7)键合后的整体采用微波裂片设备进行裂片,裂片温度低于400℃,即获得带有非晶层的SOI片(图1(h))。裂片后对片的硅可以重复利用(硅片厚度达不到要求时报废)。所述微波裂片设备为申请号为201220360782.6(专利名称:一种微波裂片设备)的专利中公开的设备。
9、将裂片后获得的带有非晶层的SOI片依次采用SPM、DHF、SC1、SC2进行清洗,去除SOI表面的硅渣及其他污染物。进行膜厚测试(测试顶层硅的厚度),选择合格的SOI进行下一步。
10、将清洗后的带有非晶层的SOI片进行高温退火,退火温度为1000-1500℃,以去除注入带来的损伤,修复晶格。
11、将经步骤(10)处理后的带有非晶层的SOI片先采用DHF清洗,以去除高温退火带来的氧化层,然后再依次采用SC1、SC2,以去除化学液及表面污染物。
12、经步骤(11)处理后的带有非晶层的SOI片进行CMP工艺,使其顶层硅达到所需求的厚度。然后进行各项测试(例如:表面金属、颗粒、几何参数、电阻率、膜厚、粗糙度等)。

Claims (9)

1.一种薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:所述薄膜即带有非晶硅层的SOI片,其制备方法包括如下步骤:
(1)提供高阻硅片,清洗后在其表面依次制备氧化硅层和非晶硅层,氧化硅层厚度为150-300A,非晶硅层的厚度为1-5μm;
(2)提供低阻硅片,清洗后在其表面制备氧化硅层,氧化硅层厚度为2000-10000A;
(3)将步骤(2)制备有氧化硅层的低阻硅片进行氢离子注入,使氢离子穿透氧化硅层注入到硅片,并达到所需深度,然后依次采用SPM、DHF、SC1、SC2进行清洗;
(4)将步骤(1)处理后的高阻硅片和步骤(3)处理后的低阻硅片通过键合方式成为一个整体,然后进行200-450℃条件下的退火处理,退火后将键合后的整体依次采用SC1、SC2清洗;
(5)将步骤(4)键合后的整体采用微波裂片设备进行裂片,裂片温度低于400℃,即获得带有非晶层的SOI片;
(6)将裂片后获得的带有非晶层的SOI片进行清洗,然后在1000-1500℃条件下进行退火处理;
(7)将步骤(6)退火处理后的带有非晶层的SOI片先采用DHF清洗,以去除高温退火带来的氧化层,然后再依次采用SC1、SC2,以去除化学液及表面污染物,最后进行CMP工艺,使其顶层硅达到所需求的厚度,即获得所需规格的带有非晶层的SOI片成品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,所述高阻硅片是指电阻率大于1000ohm.cm的硅片。
3.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,对高阻硅片依次采用DHF、SC1和SC2清洗,除去硅片表面自然氧化层及污染物,然后再在高阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层。
4.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,在高阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层的过程为:将高阻硅片置于氧化炉中,氧化温度为1060-1150℃,通过控制氧化时间制备所需厚度的氧化硅层,然后依次采用SC1、SC2进行清洗,去除表面污染物。
5.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,在高阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层后,再在氧化硅层表面制备非晶硅层,制备非晶硅层是通过通过LPCVD(低压化学气相沉积)的方式,生长压力为0.1-5.0Torr,反应温度为300℃-900℃;制备非晶硅层后的高阻硅片依次采用SC1、SC2清洗,以去除表面杂质。
6.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,所述低阻硅片是指电阻率小于100ohm.cm的硅片。
7.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,对低阻硅片依次采用DHF、SC1和SC2清洗,除去硅片表面自然氧化层及污染物,然后再在低阻硅片表面制备氧化硅层。
8.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中,在低阻硅片上制备氧化硅层的过程为:将低阻硅片置于氧化炉中,氧化温度在950-1020℃,根据氧化时间控制所得氧化硅层厚度;然后将制备有氧化硅层的低阻硅片依次采用SC1、SC2清洗,以去除表面污染物。
9.根据权利要求1所述的薄膜的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(6)中,将裂片后获得的带有非晶层的SOI片进行清洗的过程为:依次采用SPM、DHF、SC1、SC2进行清洗,去除SOI表面的硅渣及其他污染物。
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