CN108017208A - Scale seawater desalination system and technique - Google Patents
Scale seawater desalination system and technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108017208A CN108017208A CN201711325865.5A CN201711325865A CN108017208A CN 108017208 A CN108017208 A CN 108017208A CN 201711325865 A CN201711325865 A CN 201711325865A CN 108017208 A CN108017208 A CN 108017208A
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- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
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- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of scale seawater desalination system and technique, including sea water preprocessing subsystem, ultrafiltration subsystem and the desalination subsystem being linked in sequence, and sea water preprocessing subsystem includes the gravity type V-type filter tank using air water joint backwashing manner；Ultrafiltration subsystem includes self-cleaning filter device and ultra filtration unit, and self-cleaning filter device is voluntarily filtered using automatic control technology and backwash, and ultra filtration unit includes the ultrafiltration apparatus with PLC automatic control system；Desalination subsystem includes reverse osmosis unit and energy recycle device, and reverse osmosis unit uses level-one two-piece design to remove the salt ion in seawater；The pressure energy that energy recycle device is used for the high pressure concentrated seawater for producing reverse osmosis unit carries out recycling.Further, post processing subsystem and photovoltaic generation subsystem be may also include.By the system and technique, it can be achieved that production mass distributary supplies water, and reach resource and effect that the energy maximally utilizes.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of sea water desalting technology, and in particular to a kind of scale seawater desalination system and technique.
Background technology
Deficient cleaning fresh water has become one of water resources problems of many country most serious, and environmental pollution
Destruction exacerbates the rare of this resource, and at present, national governments all pay much attention to the development of sea water desalination, and take a series of
Measure promotes Seawater Desalination Industry.But sea water desalination has the shortcomings that highly energy-consuming, and traditional desalination technology, it is required
Major impetus derive from fossil fuel.
At present, water shortage area (70% population) focuses mostly in coastal 120 kilometers of area and Island, and these areas
Often fresh water is deficient in domain, has huge demand to freshwater resources, due to the progress of desalination technology, while coastal area also has
There is abundant cleaning new energy, and possessed the natural conditions that new energy development utilizes, desalination technology is gradually ripe.At present
The desalination technology developed mainly includes：Press steam distillation (VC), multi-stage flash evaporation technology (MSF), multistage distillation (MED), anti-
Infiltration technology (RO), electroosmose process (ED) etc., and the RO technology energy consumptions in these methods are low, it is high pressure resistant, salt rejection rate is high, by more next
More applies in Seawater Desalination Project.In addition, in order to meet the coastal area serious coastal area pair of especially desertification
New energy, can also be combined by the demand of water resource with sea water desalination, can not only solve fresh water scarcity, can also reduce biography
The environmental disruption problem that system energy extraction is brought.
The content of the invention
The present invention for existing desalination technology high energy consumption, it is difficult in maintenance the problems such as, there is provided a kind of scale seawater
Seawater resources are carried out profit by desalination system and technique using technologies such as " sea water preprocessings+ultrafiltration+desalination+energy regenerating "
With to meet coastal waters water demand.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows：
The present invention a kind of scale seawater desalination system is disclosed, including be linked in sequence sea water preprocessing subsystem, ultrafiltration
Subsystem and desalination subsystem, wherein：
Sea water preprocessing subsystem includes gravity type V-type filter tank, and gravity type V-type filter tank is using air water joint backwashing manner；
Ultrafiltration subsystem includes at least one set of self-cleaning filter device being linked in sequence and ultra filtration unit；Self-cleaning filtering fills
Put and voluntarily filtered using automatic control technology and backwash；Ultra filtration unit includes the ultrafiltration apparatus with PLC automatic control system, and
Be equipped with auxiliary cleaner and back washing device, by PLC automatic control system by its internal pneumatically or electrically movable valve with it is exterior
Connect the water pump interlocked control of heat source；
Desalination subsystem includes reverse osmosis unit and energy recycle device, reverse osmosis unit use level-one two-piece design with
The salt ion in seawater is removed, the high-pressure pump of reverse osmosis unit uses frequency control；Energy recycle device is used for reverse osmosis dress
The pressure energy for putting the high pressure concentrated seawater of generation is recycled, and recycling applies low pressure seawater to reverse osmosis unit water inlet end
Pressure.
As a preferred embodiment, sea water preprocessing subsystem further includes the heat exchange positioned at gravity type V-type filter tank water inlet end
Device, heat-exchanger rig start operation when detecting that seawater inflow temperature is less than preset value, seawater is first introduced heat-exchanger rig into
Row enters back into gravity type V-type filter tank after heating.
As a preferred embodiment, heat-exchanger rig is the plate-type heat-exchange for including the dismountable corrugated heat transferring plate of polylith
Device.
As a preferred embodiment, the filter plate in gravity type V-type filter tank for steel concrete composite and uses one-piece casting, bed die
For the plastic plate with convex-concave groove, and filter is evenly arranged on bed die, to ensure uniform air distribution；Packing layer above filter plate is adopted
It is 1.2~1.3 with particle diameter nonuniformity coefficient, grain diameter is the quartz sand of 0.8~1.2mm；In gravity type V-type filter tank with seawater
The metal material of contact uses 2507 material of two phase stainless steel, and filter uses ABS materials, and sealing material uses neoprene.
As a preferred embodiment, self-cleaning filter device is stacked that, using PP material filter cores, when passing in and out, differential water pressures are big
Automatic back-washing when preset value, lamination use polypropylene material；Ultrafiltration apparatus uses inner pressed membrane module.
As a preferred embodiment, ultrafiltration subsystem includes two groups of self-cleaning filter devices and ultrafiltration apparatus in parallel, from
The separate unit processing water of cleaning and filtrating equipment is 200m3/ h, operating pressure are 2~10bar；Ultrafiltration apparatus presses 20 DEG C of water temperature and film
Flux≤50L/m2H is designed, and single cleared-out power that covers is 175m3/h(20℃)；Two groups of ultrafiltration apparatus are equipped with a set of CEB backwashes and set
Standby and a set of CIP cleaning equipments, to ensure the flux recovery of ultrafiltration membrane and maintenance.
As a preferred embodiment, energy recycle device is positive displacement energy return device.
As a preferred embodiment, further include post processing subsystem, for enter municipal network water supply in fresh water according to
Secondary progress mineralising plus fluorine, sterilize and disinfect, wherein：
Mineralising processing, adds calcium hydroxide solution to the fresh water of desalination subsystem discharge, increases ore deposit while adjusting pH value
Change degree；
Add fluorine to handle, sodium fluoride, prodan additive are added to the fresh water of desalination subsystem discharge；
Sterilization processing, liquor natrii hypochloritis is added to the fresh water of desalination subsystem discharge, and is ensured in water body containing certain
Chlorine residue is measured, to play lasting bactericidal effect；
Disinfect, disinfection by ultraviolet light processing is carried out to fresh water by ultra violet sterilizer.
As a preferred embodiment, photovoltaic generation subsystem is further included, by photovoltaic generation subsystem to sea water desalination system
Each subsystem power supply of system.
Invention additionally discloses a kind of scale desalination process, comprise the following steps,
When detecting that ocean temperature is less than 15 DEG C, by heat-exchanger rig by heating of seawater to being re-fed into weight after 18~22 DEG C
Power Formula V type filter tank；
Most particulate matter and part colloidal substance in seawater are removed using gravity type V-type filter tank, design filtering velocity is
10~12m/h, water backwash rate are 2.5~3.0L/m2S, air blasting intensity 15L/m2S, production water turbidity are less than 1NTU；
Further removed using the group technology of at least one set of self-cleaning filter device and ultrafiltration apparatus suspended matter in seawater,
Colloid, bacterium and microorganism；The separate unit processing water 200m of self-cleaning filter device3/ h, operating pressure are 2~10bar, are being worked as
Automatic back-washing when disengaging differential water pressures are more than preset value；Ultrafiltration apparatus presses 20 DEG C of water temperature and membrane flux≤50L/m2H is designed,
Single set cleared-out power is 175t/h (20 DEG C)；
Desalting processing is carried out to seawater using level-one two-part reverse osmosis unit, and controls the rate of recovery of reverse osmosis unit to be
40~45%；
The pressure energy for the high pressure concentrated seawater that reverse osmosis unit produces is recycled using energy recycle device, then will be returned
The pressure energy of receipts uses feed water by reverse osmosis end and applies pressure to low pressure seawater；
Mineralising plus fluorine are carried out to the fresh water entered in municipal network water supply, sterilizes and disinfects；
Powered by photovoltaic generating system to each subsystem of seawater desalination system.
The present invention is suitable for extensive and ultra-large sea water desalination automation mechanized operation technique, has below beneficial to effect
Fruit：
(1) most particulate matter and part colloidal substance in seawater are removed using efficient gravity type V-type filter tank；Adopt
Seawater is heated to 18~22 DEG C from 0 DEG C using heat recirculated water with heat exchanger apparatus；Will be reverse osmosis using energy recycle device
The partial pressure compensation feed water by reverse osmosis end seawater of concentrated water pressurizes required energy consumption to reach the effect of raising energy utilization rate.
(2) system carries out quality classification water supply to production water, and desalination fresh water can be directly used for inshore industrial water, while by rear
Processing subsystem further handles portion's desalination fresh water, to meet the daily life water of resident nearby, reaches resource and the energy
The effect maximally utilized.
(3) technique skills such as " sea water preprocessings+ultrafiltration+desalination+energy regenerating+disinfection+photovoltaic generation " is comprehensively utilized
Art, greatly promotes the treatment effect of extensive and ultra-large sea water desalination, and by energy regenerating and the photovoltaic generation energy,
Resource recycles, and further saves the energy, improves energy utilization rate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is scale desalination process flow diagram；
Fig. 2 is gravity Formula V type filter tank structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is ultrafilter system structure diagram；
Fig. 4 is the reverse osmosis schematic diagram of level-one two-period form.
Embodiment
A kind of seawater desalination system disclosed in embodiment, mainly by sea water preprocessing subsystem, ultrafiltration subsystem, desalination
System, post processing subsystem and photovoltaic generation subsystem composition.The system can be used for extensive and ultra-large sea water desalination
Automatic business processing technique, production mass distributary supply water, can meet boiler feedwater and the requirement of industrial water, can also meet in factory
Worker is daily drinking and demand of domestic water.
As shown in Figure 1, seawater desalination system mainly adds including heat exchanger 1, gravity type V-type filter tank 2, intermediate water tank 3, sterilization
Medicine device 4, self-cleaning filter 5, ultrafiltration apparatus 6, intermediate water tank 7, scale inhibition/reducing agent chemicals dosing plant 8, sea-water reverse osmose apparatus
9th, energy recycle device 10, post processing subsystem 11, photovoltaic generation subsystem 12.
Heat exchanger 1 and gravity type V-type filter tank 2 form sea water preprocessing subsystem；Self-cleaning filter 5,6 structure of ultrafiltration apparatus
Into ultrafiltration subsystem, sea-water reverse osmose apparatus 9 and energy recycle device 10 form desalination subsystem, mineralising disinfection chemicals dosing plant 11
Post-process subsystem.
Heat exchanger 1 uses plate heat exchanger, the plate heat exchanger be by corrugated heat transferring plate, in certain intervals,
Dismountable heat transmission equipment of composition is compressed by rubber sheet gasket.Plant area's heat recirculated water or steam can be selected in heat source used.Pass through
Seawater is heated to 18~22 DEG C by plate heat exchanger device using heat recirculated water from 0 DEG C, is conducive to ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis unit
Run under optimal inflow temperature.
Key equipment of the gravity type V-type filter tank 2 (abbreviation V-type filter tank 2) as sea water preprocessing subsystem, it is mainly used for
Remove most particulate matter and part colloidal substance in seawater.Designing filtering velocity is
10~12m/h, water backwash rate are 2.5~3.0L/m2S, air blasting intensity 15L/m2S, production water turbidity are less than
1NTU。
As shown in Fig. 2, V-type filter tank 2 mainly include inlet channel 2.1, total water distributing area 2.2, V-type water distributing area 2.3, filter tank 2.4,
Filter plate 2.5.Filter plate 2.5 uses steel concrete composite, and makees bed die with the plastic plate with convex-concave groove, and installation filter is reserved on bed die
The hole position of head, and use one-piece casting formula.2.5 rigidity of filter plate of one-piece casting is big, and integrality is excellent, and anti-knock shock resistance is good, prevents
It is water-based good and punch easily.It is 1.2~1.3 that the top of filter plate 2.5, which is filled with particle diameter nonuniformity coefficient, and grain diameter is 0.8~1.2mm
Packing layer of the quartz sand as V-type filter tank 2, gas distribution is equal when uniformly distributed strainer head 2.12 is to ensure backwash air inlet on filter plate 2.5
It is even.Treat drainage by inlet channel 2.1 through overflow across crest of weir 2.11 enter total water distributing area 2.2, then by total water distributing area 2.2 side opening 2.10 into
Enter by the V-type water distributing area 2.3 of water submerged to be filtered, through the V-groove weir 2.7 in V-type water distributing area 2.3 and the equally distributed water distribution of slot bottom
Hole 2.6 enters filter tank 2.4.Bottom is flowed into through the strainer head 2.12 on filter plate 2.5 by the water after filter that homogeneous filtering material filtering layer filters
Space, finally flows into clear water reserviors 2.9 by outlet canal 2.8.
The V-type filter tank 2 the advantage is that using air water joint backwashing manner and be produced necessary stir to filtrate using air
Move, and the attachment on filtrate is peeled off by the friction of air-flow and filtering layer and shearing action, under same backwash rate, air punching
The shearing washed is about twice of water punching shear.Meanwhile flushing water is only used for the suspended matter under liquefaction is peeled off, therefore substantially reduce
Backwash rate, has saved washing water quantity, rinses water consume and accounts for the 2~3% of filter tank water yield per day, and the biography for using single water to rinse
System filter cell rinse water consume accounts for the 8%~10% of filter tank water yield per day.As it can be seen that relatively passed using the filter tank of air water joint backwashing manner
Single Shui Chong filter tanks of system are compared, and can thoroughly clean filtrate, and it is hardened, stifled that traditional filter tank long-play filtrate will not occur
The phenomenon of plug, and it rinses water consume and is far below traditional filter tank.
Since seawater salt content is high, and Cl‐Ion concentration enriches, and by taking the intake water quality of the East Sea as an example, its conductance is
35000 μ s/cm, Cl‐Content is 16000mg/L, and the corrosion resistance of conventional steels much bears not living.Therefore, in embodiment,
All in V-type filter tank 2 to use 2507 material of two phase stainless steel with the metal material of contact with sea water, strainer head 2.12 uses
ABS materials, sealing material use neoprene, equipment outer wall brushing sea water resistance anticorrosive paint and paint etc., so as to ensure equipment
Good antiseptic property is respectively provided with material.
Ultrafiltration subsystem is using the suspended matter in the group technology removing seawater of " self-cleaning filtering+ultrafiltration ", colloid, bacterium
And microorganism.As shown in figure 3, ultrafiltration subsystem mainly include self-cleaning filter 5, ultrafiltration apparatus 6, CIP cleaning equipments 13,
CEB back-washing equipments 14.
Self-cleaning filter 5 is the stacked self-cleaning filter that filtering accuracy is 100um, using PP material filter cores, when
Automatic back-washing when disengaging differential water pressures are more than 0.2~0.3Mpa (can be set according to water quality), the lamination of self-cleaning filter 5 is using resistance to
The polypropylene material of seawater corrosion, repair and maintenance are more convenient.
Ultrafiltration apparatus 6 uses PLC automatic control system, and whole-process automatic operation is unattended, and system stable water production.
Inlet valve, production penstock, backwash inlet valve, backwash vent valves and the cleaning Inlet and outlet water valve of ultrafiltration apparatus 6 use gas
Dynamic or electrically operated valve, and interlocked with the water pump of external connection heat source to realize the purpose of automated control.Ultrafiltration apparatus 6 is a kind of
Using the membrane separating technology of pressure difference, iron rust in water, silt, suspended matter, colloid, bacterium, larger molecular organics etc. can be filtered out
Impurity so that water outlet SDI values ＜ 3, ensures follow-up feed water by reverse osmosis water quality requirement.But ultrafiltration apparatus 6 is in operation due in water
The pollution of all kinds of materials, the permeable membrane pressure difference of ultrafiltration membrane can rise, and just need to carry out backwash to ultrafiltration membrane when it reaches setting value,
To reduce permeable membrane pressure difference.When permeable membrane pressure difference reaches setting value, such as 18PSI, system alarm prompting need to carry out chemical cleaning, must
It from system must be separated and cleaned by operating personnel.Therefore, ultrafiltration sets 6 using a set of chemical routine CEB back-washing equipments
14 and a set of CIP cleaning equipments 13 to ensure the flux recovery of ultrafiltration membrane and maintenance, CEB back-washing equipments 14 include water tank 14.1,
Water pump 14.2 and cartridge filter 14.3, CIP cleaning equipments 13 also have similar structures, and details are not described herein again.
In embodiment, which sets two self-cleaning filters 5 and two sets of ultrafiltration apparatus 6,5 He of self-cleaning filter
Ultrafiltration apparatus 6 is set by unit style, and two sets of ultrafiltration apparatus share a set of CIP cleaning equipments and CEB back-washing equipments.Self-cleaning filtering
Device 5 uses laminate design, separate unit processing water 200m3/ h, maximum working pressure (MWP) 10bar, minimum operating pressures that 2bar；
For ultrafiltration apparatus 6 using integrated inner pressed membrane module, single cleared-out power that covers is 175t/h (20 DEG C).Ultrafiltration apparatus presses 20 DEG C of water temperature and film
Flux≤50L/m2H is designed.
Cleaned by the self-cleaning filter 5 of Automatic Control to pretreated water quality, meet subsequent ultrafiltration into
Water requirement.Meanwhile to meet ultrafiltration and follow-up reverse osmosis process requirements, the separative efficiency and salt rejection rate of subsequent technique are improved,
By the automatic valve interlocked control of the seawater inflow temperature detected and heat exchanger 1, when detecting that ocean temperature is less than 15 DEG C,
Its automatic valve is opened by the PLC system that heat exchanger 1 connects, seawater is introduced into after heat exchanger 1 exchanges heat and enters back into follow-up place
Device is managed, heat exchange work is carried out to seawater using the heat recirculated water or plant area's steam of connecting plant area, when weather gradually warms up, ocean temperature
When gradually rising (be higher than 15 DEG C), the automatic valve of heat exchanger is automatically closed in PLC program, is changed to cross heat exchange workshop section and passes through bypass
Pipeline is directly entered subsequent ultrafiltration system.
Above sea water preprocessing subsystem and ultrafiltration subsystem are mainly for separating of suspended particulate substance in seawater, colloid, thin
The solute components such as bacterium, larger molecular organics and microorganism.
Desalination subsystem includes sea-water reverse osmose apparatus 9 and energy recycle device 10, passes through 9 reverse osmosis of sea-water reverse osmose apparatus
Salt ion in the selective penetrated property removing seawater of permeable membrane, to the removal efficiency of salt up to 97~98%；Pass through energy recycle device
10 recycle the pressure energy of the high pressure concentrated seawater of 9 output of reverse osmosis unit, are reused in reverse osmosis unit water inlet end to low pressure
Seawater presses.
As shown in figure 4, sea-water reverse osmose apparatus 9 uses level-one two-piece design, the recycling of whole desalination subsystem is controlled
Rate accounts for the 40~45% of total inflow in 40~45%, i.e. water yield.
Further, in order to reach the maximization that energy consumption utilizes, sea-water reverse osmose concentrated water end configures the normotopia of function admirable
Shifting formula energy recycle device 10, for the pressure energy of reverse osmosis unit high pressure concentrated seawater to be recycled, is reused in reverse osmosis and penetrates into
The low pressure seawater of water end (W.E.), reduces reverse osmosis high-pressure pump operation load, so as to reduce the water consumption processed and system of reverse osmosis seawater desalting
Water cost.The rate of recovery of energy can be specifically improved using imported products such as the PX of U.S. ERI to more than 94%.At the same time
Change influence to reverse osmosis produced water to adapt to water temperature, easy to combustion adjustment, ensure the constant of water yield and the rate of recovery, instead
The high-pressure pump of permeability apparatus 9 uses frequency control to realize pressure protection.
The production water of desalination subsystem can be used for inshore industrial water, but still have certain corrosivity, to ensure to live
With the security requirement of water, also need to carry out demineralized water the processing such as follow-up mineralising, sterilizing, meet water quality after quenched《It is raw
Sanitary standard for drinking water living》(GB5749-2006), i.e., post processing subsystem is introduced after industrial water system.
Post processing subsystem 11 is mainly by post-processing chemicals dosing plant to light after entering the desalination in municipal network water supply
Water carries out the processing such as mineralising plus fluorine, sterilization and disinfection, specifically includes：Mineralising processing, i.e., toward acidity fresh water in add hydroxide
Calcium solution (i.e. milk of lime is made in lime saturated solution), increases salinity while adjusting pH value.Suffer from dental caries to prevent resident
Risk, mineralising processing after carry out plus fluorine processing, i.e., to supply resident living water city planting ductwork in fresh water add fluorine
Change sodium, prodan additive.Sterilization processing, i.e., toward adding liquor natrii hypochloritis in fresh water, and ensure in water body containing certain
Chlorine residue is measured, plays lasting bactericidal effect.Disinfect be before fresh water enters city planting ductwork, by ultra violet sterilizer to fresh water into
The processing of row disinfection by ultraviolet light.
To sum up, part fresh water is introduced municipal administration pipe by the present invention in order to meet coastal resident's daily life water demand
Net, but characteristic of the fresh water after desalination with low saline salinity, low alkalinity and low pH is typically due to, so used in supply life
Fresh water part is, it is necessary to carry out the processing such as mineralising and sterilizing.Consider for economical consideration and stability, by adding accordingly
Medicine device adds calcium hydroxide into fresh water with the salinity for adjusting PH and increasing fresh water；Sodium fluoride, fluorine silicon are added into fresh water
Sour sodium additives are to improve the concentration of fluorine ion in urbanite water consumption；Sodium hypochlorite is added into fresh water to improve oxidisability Cl ions
Concentration, persistently sterilization；And ultra violet sterilizer is added to ensure that the water quality for reaching user terminal is endangered without bacterium, virus.
Further, with reverse osmosis membrane microbial contamination occurs for ultrafiltration membrane in order to prevent, and the present invention is also in ultrafiltration subsystem
Water inlet in by sterilizing chemicals dosing plant 4 add fungicide to kill the microorganism in seawater；Reverse osmosis membrane surface in order to prevent
The risk that generation hardness fouling and film are aoxidized, is added in the water inlet of desalination subsystem by scale inhibition/reducing agent chemicals dosing plant 8
Antisludging agent and reducing agent.
In addition, whole system is also equipped with photovoltaic generation subsystem 12, powered by photovoltaic generation subsystem for each subsystem,
Photovoltaic generation subsystem 12 mainly includes solar energy photovoltaic panel, storage battery, controller and inverter etc., and photovoltaic electric power is incorporated to factory
Area's power grid, to meet plant area's some electrical power demand, further to save the energy, there is provided energy utilization rate.Sea water desalination is one
High energy consumption, large-engineering with high investment, but be also a large-engineering to promote the well-being of mankind, the present invention is sharp to reduce system operation energy consumption
A set of photovoltaic generation subsystem is set to meet seawater desalination system with the supremacy clause of coastal area Luminous energy resource abundance, it is negative
Loading system can also provide the facilities such as office lighting in system operation, air conditioning electricity.And compare in terms of environmental protection, with
Traditional energy is compared, and environmental pollution is not present in photovoltaic technology, is environmentally friendly device.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of scale seawater desalination system, it is characterised in that including sea water preprocessing subsystem, the ultrafilter being linked in sequence
System and desalination subsystem, wherein：
The sea water preprocessing subsystem includes the gravity type V-type filter tank using air water joint backwashing manner；
The ultrafiltration subsystem includes at least one set of self-cleaning filter device being linked in sequence and ultra filtration unit；Self-cleaning filtering fills
Put and voluntarily filtered using automatic control technology and backwash；Ultra filtration unit includes the ultrafiltration apparatus with PLC automatic control system, and
Be equipped with auxiliary cleaner and back washing device, by PLC automatic control system by its internal pneumatically or electrically movable valve with it is exterior
Connect the water pump interlocked control of heat source；
The desalination subsystem includes reverse osmosis unit and energy recycle device, reverse osmosis unit use level-one two-piece design with
The salt ion in seawater is removed, the high-pressure pump of reverse osmosis unit uses frequency control；Energy recycle device is used for reverse osmosis dress
The pressure energy for putting the high pressure concentrated seawater of generation is recycled, and recycling applies low pressure seawater to reverse osmosis unit water inlet end
Pressure.
2. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the sea water preprocessing subsystem also wraps
The heat-exchanger rig positioned at gravity type V-type filter tank water inlet end is included, heat-exchanger rig is when detecting that seawater inflow temperature is less than preset value
Start operation, seawater is first introduced after heat-exchanger rig is heated and enter back into gravity type V-type filter tank.
3. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the heat-exchanger rig be include polylith can
The plate heat exchanger of the corrugated heat transferring plate of dismounting.
4. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the filter plate in the gravity type V-type filter tank
For steel concrete composite and one-piece casting is used, bed die is the plastic plate with convex-concave groove, and filter is evenly arranged on bed die,
To ensure uniform air distribution；Packing layer above filter plate uses particle diameter nonuniformity coefficient as 1.2~1.3, grain diameter for 0.8~
The quartz sand of 1.2mm；Metal material in the gravity type V-type filter tank with contact with sea water uses 2507 material of two phase stainless steel
Matter, filter use ABS materials, and sealing material uses neoprene.
5. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the self-cleaning filter device is lamination
Formula, using PP material filter cores, the automatic back-washing when passing in and out differential water pressures and being more than preset value, lamination uses polypropylene material；Ultrafiltration fills
Put and use inner pressed membrane module.
6. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the ultrafiltration subsystem includes in parallel
Two groups of self-cleaning filter devices and ultrafiltration apparatus, the separate unit processing water of self-cleaning filter device is 200m3/ h, operating pressure are
2~10bar；Ultrafiltration apparatus by 20 DEG C of water temperature and membrane flux≤50L/m2H is designed, and single cleared-out power that covers is 175m3/h(20
℃)；Two groups of ultrafiltration apparatus are equipped with a set of CEB back-washing equipments and a set of CIP cleaning equipments, with ensure the flux recovery of ultrafiltration membrane and
Safeguard.
7. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the energy recycle device is positive displacement
Formula energy return device.
8. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that further include post processing subsystem, be used for
Mineralising plus fluorine are carried out successively to entering the fresh water in municipal network water supply, are sterilized and are disinfected, wherein：
Mineralising processing, adds calcium hydroxide solution to the fresh water of desalination subsystem discharge, increases salinity while adjusting pH value；
Add fluorine to handle, sodium fluoride, prodan additive are added to the fresh water of desalination subsystem discharge；
Sterilization processing, liquor natrii hypochloritis is added to the fresh water of desalination subsystem discharge, and is ensured in water body containing a certain amount of remaining
Chlorine, to play lasting bactericidal effect；
Disinfect, disinfection by ultraviolet light processing is carried out to fresh water by ultra violet sterilizer.
9. scale seawater desalination system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that further include photovoltaic generation subsystem, lead to
Photovoltaic generation subsystem is crossed to power to each subsystem of seawater desalination system.
A kind of 10. scale desalination process, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps,
When detecting that ocean temperature is less than 15 DEG C, by heat-exchanger rig by heating of seawater to being re-fed into gravity type after 18~22 DEG C
V-type filter tank；
Most particulate matter and part colloidal substance in seawater are removed using gravity type V-type filter tank, design filtering velocity for 10~
12m/h, water backwash rate are 2.5~3.0L/m2S, air blasting intensity 15L/m2S, production water turbidity are less than 1NTU；
Suspended matter, glue in seawater are further removed using the group technology of at least one set of self-cleaning filter device and ultrafiltration apparatus
Body, bacterium and microorganism；The separate unit processing water 200m of self-cleaning filter device3/ h, operating pressure are 2~10bar, when into
Automatic back-washing when water outlet pressure difference is more than preset value；Ultrafiltration apparatus presses 20 DEG C of water temperature and membrane flux≤50L/m2H is designed, single
It is 175t/h (20 DEG C) to cover cleared-out power；
Desalting processing is carried out to seawater using level-one two-part reverse osmosis unit, and control the rate of recovery of reverse osmosis unit for 40~
45%；
The pressure energy for the high pressure concentrated seawater that reverse osmosis unit produces is recycled using energy recycle device, then by recycling
Pressure energy uses feed water by reverse osmosis end and applies pressure to low pressure seawater；
Mineralising plus fluorine are carried out to the fresh water entered in municipal network water supply, sterilizes and disinfects；
Powered by photovoltaic generating system to each subsystem of seawater desalination system.
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| CN201711325865.5A CN108017208A (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | Scale seawater desalination system and technique |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711325865.5A CN108017208A (en) | 2017-12-13 | 2017-12-13 | Scale seawater desalination system and technique |
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| CN110553683A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2019-12-10 | 浙江海洋大学 | A high-precision seawater salinity measuring device |
| CN111097292A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-05 | 浙江鼎胜环保技术有限公司 | A ceramic membrane drinking water purification device |
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| CN110553683B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-06-08 | 浙江海洋大学 | A high-precision seawater salinity measuring device |
| CN111097292A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-05-05 | 浙江鼎胜环保技术有限公司 | A ceramic membrane drinking water purification device |
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Application publication date: 20180511 |