CN108013039A - A kind of complex composition for preventing grape disease and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the application of the compound composition of eugenol and imazalil in the field of agriculture, especially the application research on the control of grape white rot and anthracnose. The invention provides the application of eugenol and its compound composition with imazalil in the prevention and treatment of grape white rot and anthracnose. The weight ratio of eugenol and imazalil in the compound composition is 20 :1～1:60, the synergistic ratio is 1:1～40, and the best ratio is 1:20. It has outstanding performance in the application of prevention and control of grape white rot and anthracnose.

Description

A compound composition for preventing and treating grape diseases and its application

technical field

The invention relates to a compound composition containing eugenol, especially the compound composition of eugenol and imazalil, which is used as a fungicide to prevent and control grape white rot and anthracnose, and belongs to the compound composition for preventing and controlling grape diseases and its technical fields of application.

Background technique

Grape white rot (Coniella diplodiella) and anthracnose (Colletotrichumgloeosporioides) are important fruit diseases in various grape producing areas in my country. The incidence is increasing and it is extremely common. Every year, due to improper management or untimely control, the loss of grape production is as high as 20%- 40%, up to 80% or more in severe years, or even no harvest, which directly affects the economic income of fruit farmers.

At present, chemical agents are mainly used to prevent and control the above-mentioned fruit diseases, but in the process of prevention and control, due to the lack of in-depth understanding of disease epidemiology, the fruit growers increase the amount of pesticides arbitrarily, resulting in serious waste of pesticides and serious pollution of orchards, and the increase of pesticide residues in fruits; Blindly applying a large number of single pests puts grape pests under high pesticide selection pressure, and resistance develops. Studies have shown that grape white rot and anthracnose bacteria have developed low-level resistance to fungicides such as carbendazim and tebuconazole. At the same time, the development of new pesticides is costly and takes a long time, and will never catch up with the emergence of bacterial resistance The speed to solve the drug resistance is imminent. In the actual operation of agricultural production, measures such as rotation of different pesticides are difficult to achieve obvious results; crop rotation is unrealistic for perennial grapes, and compounding different types of pesticides is a common method to prevent or solve drug resistance. method, and can make full use of existing fungicide resources at the same time.

The coumarin compound eugenol is a botanical pesticide with a chemical name of 7-methoxy-8-prenyl coumarin, which is derived from Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cuss ) plant extracts, which also exist in the roots and rhizomes of fenugreek, round angelica, hairy angelica, and celery. agent application (patent authorization publication number: CN 1119930C, CN 1332603C, CN1244275C, CN 1586198A, CN 100409747C, CN 100356851C, etc.). However, eugenol and its compound composition with imazalil have not been reported in the prevention and treatment of grape white rot and anthracnose.

Imazalil, also known as imendazim, belongs to imidazole fungicides. It has systemic therapeutic effect and good contact protection effect. It has low toxicity to humans and animals. It is an excellent antiseptic and preservative for fruits and vegetables. It has a wide control spectrum and is widely used A high-efficiency, low-toxicity, systemic fungicide in agricultural production, which solves the environmental toxicity problem of other fungicides, and has been recommended by the Ministry of Agriculture as one of the fungicides to be used preferentially in green agriculture. Its mechanism of action is to destroy the cell membrane of pathogenic bacteria by affecting the permeability, physiological function and lipid synthesis and metabolism of cells, and at the same time inhibit the formation of bacterial spores. At the same time, it has higher activity against bacteria resistant to benzimidazole fungicides . However, due to the long-term single use of imazalil in production, drug-resistant groups continue to appear, and it is easy to induce drug resistance in bacteria. Selecting eugenol with different action mechanisms to compound it can not only prevent pathogenic bacteria from developing resistance to it, but also reduce the amount of field preparations used.

Contents of the invention

The present invention is completed on the basis of the prior art through in-depth research on the application of the compound composition of eugenol and imazalil in the agricultural field, especially the research on the application of grape white rot and anthracnose control , the purpose is to provide a compound composition of eugenol and imazalil specially used for preventing and treating grape white rot and anthracnose.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The compound composition for preventing and treating grape diseases is special in that the weight ratio of the active ingredients eugenol and imazalil is 20:1-1:60;

The compound composition for preventing and treating grape diseases is further improved in that the weight ratio of its active ingredients eugenol and imazalil is 1:1-1:40;

The compound composition for preventing and treating grape diseases is further improved in that the optimal ratio of its active ingredients eugenol and imazalil is 1:20;

The compound composition for preventing and controlling grape diseases, the total weight of the active ingredients eugenol and imazalil in the whole compound composition accounts for 4.2% of the compound composition, and the balance is conventional auxiliary material additives.

The compound composition for preventing and treating grape diseases of the invention is applied to preventing and treating grape white rot and anthracnose.

The compound composition for preventing and controlling grape diseases of the present invention has good control effect when applied to prevent and control grape white rot and anthracnose when diluted 800-1000 times.

The compound composition for preventing and treating grape diseases of the present invention has the following advantages:

1. Has synergistic effect: Eugenol and imazalil have a synergistic effect within the ratio range of 1:1 to 40, and the ratio of 1:20 has the greatest synergistic effect, with a synergistic coefficient of 2.07;

2. High safety: eugenol is a plant extract, which has environmental compatibility; the 4.2% eugenol imazalil we prepared contains 4% imazalil, which is better than the market with 10% imazalil Sales products have been reduced by 6 percentage points, thereby further reducing the drug toxicity of imazalil, so the compound composition of the present invention is safer for crops, environment and fresh fruit eaters;

3. Significant control effect: The 4.2% eugenol imazalil produced by us performed outstandingly in the field drug efficacy test, and the control effect of the 800-fold and 900-fold dilution treatments were all above 85% during the harvest period, of which 4.2 The 800-fold control effect of %eugenol·imazalil is significantly higher than the 600-fold control effect of 0.3% eugenol and 800-fold control effect of 10% imazalil aqueous solution;

4. Reduce the risk of bacterial resistance: As mentioned in advantage 2, the content of imazalil in the compound composition is 6 percentage points lower than that sold in the market, which greatly reduces the selection of imazalil by grape white rot and anthracnose bacteria Pressure; the eugenol contained in the compound composition has multiple action sites, which can prevent bacteria from developing resistance to it;

5. The compounded fungicide reduces the amount of chemical input: after compounding, it not only improves the field effect of preventing and controlling grape white rot and anthracnose, but also reduces the 800 and 900 times liquid by 54.28% respectively compared with the two single-dose tank mixes And 59.37% of the pesticide formulation dosage.

Detailed ways

The present invention is described in detail with the following specific examples, but by no means limit the present invention. The percentages in all proportions are percentages by weight.

Example 1

Indoor toxicity test and compound ratio screening

1.1 Drugs to be tested

0.3% eugenol soluble agent, product of Shandong Yijia Agrochemical Co., Ltd., dissolved in water to make 1000mg/L mother liquor for later use.

98% Imazalil original drug, provided by Yifan Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd. Dissolve it in acetone first, then make it into 10000 mg/L mother liquor at constant volume for later use.

1.2 Tested strains and host plants

Grape white rot (Coniothyrium diplodiella) was isolated from diseased fruit in the field, and the first-generation strain obtained by monospore culture and purification was stored in a 4°C refrigerator for later use.

1.3 Experimental method

The Mycelium growth rate test recommended by the FAO was used.

1.3.1 Preparation of drug-containing tablet

1.3.1.1 Drug compounding scheme

Table 1 Eugenol and Imazalil Compound Ratio

Table 2 Compound drug dilution concentration gradient

1.3.1.2 Preparation of drug-containing tablets

According to the drug concentration gradient set in 1.3.1.1, add the drug to the quantitatively dissolved PDA medium to make a drug-containing plate, and use the drug-free plate as a blank control, and repeat 3 times for each concentration.

1.3.2 Inoculation culture

Use a hole puncher with a diameter of 0.6 cm to punch out the plate along the edge of the cultured colony, use a sterile inoculation needle to invert the plate and transfer it to the plate, and culture it at a constant temperature of 25°C for 7 days.

1.3.3 Result check

The expansion diameter of the colony was measured by the straightedge cross measurement method, and compared with the expansion diameter of the control plate without application of the drug, the inhibitory growth rate of the drug was obtained.

1.3.4 Statistical Analysis

Regression analysis was performed according to the logarithmic value of each agent concentration and the probability value of the corresponding mycelia growth inhibition rate, and the toxicity regression equation, correlation coefficient (r) and EC ₅₀ of each agent were calculated.

In the determination of the combined toxicity of agents, the synergistic coefficient (SR) of the compound composition was calculated according to the Wadley method, and the combined effect type of the compound composition was evaluated. The synergistic effect of drug compounding was evaluated according to the synergistic coefficient (SR), that is, SR<0.5 was an antagonistic effect, 0.5≤SR≤1.5 was an additive effect, and SR>1.5 was a synergistic effect. The synergistic factor (SR) is calculated according to formula (1) and (2):

In the formula:

X ₁ - the theoretical value of EC ₅₀ of the compound composition, in mg/L;

P _A ---- the percentage content of A in the compound composition, the unit is percentage (%);

P _B ---- the percentage content of B in the compound composition, the unit is percentage (%);

A----Compound composition EC ₅₀ theoretical value, the unit is mg/L;

B----the theoretical value of EC ₅₀ of the compound composition, the unit is mg/L.

In the formula:

SR--the synergistic coefficient of the compound composition;

X ₁ - the theoretical value of EC ₅₀ of the compound composition, in mg/L;

X ₂ ----The measured value of EC ₅₀ of the compound composition, the unit is mg/L.

1.4 Experimental results

Through the indoor toxicity test, it can be concluded that the weight ratio of eugenol and imazalil is 10:1～1:40, which has an additive effect, and there is a synergistic effect within the range of 1:1～40, of which 1:20 is the best Compound ratio, synergistic coefficient is 2.07.

Table 3 Screening of the optimal compound ratio of eugenol and imazalil

Example 2

field plot experiment

According to the indoor compounding ratio screening experiment, the optimal ratio of eugenol:imazalil=1:20 was selected, and we prepared 4.2% eugenol·imazalil composition.

2.1 Experimental drug and community arrangement

According to the "Guidelines for Field Tests of Pesticides (2)" edited by the Ministry of Agriculture's Pesticide Control Institute, Part 121: Fungicides for Grape White Rot Control, "Part 13 of "Guidelines for Field Tests for Pesticides": Fungicides for Control of Grapes Anthracnose" designed a field efficacy test of 4.2% eugenol·imazalil on grape white rot and anthracnose.

2.1.1 Drugs to be tested

0.3% eugenol soluble solution 600 times, product of Shandong Yijia Agrochemical Co., Ltd.

10% Imazalil water solution 800 times, provided by Belgium Janssen Pharmaceutical Company.

4.2% Eugenol · Imazalil 800, 900, 1000 times, prepared by Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

2.1.2 Control drug

10% difenoconazole water dispersible granules 2000 times, a product of Syngenta (China) Investment Company.

0.3% Eugenol SL 600 times and 10% Imazalil AS 800 times tank mixed, prepared by Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences.

2.1.3 Dosage and treatment arrangements

There are 10 grape trees in each plot, repeated 4 times.

2.2 Application method

2.2.1 How to use

Spray with water, use a small amount of water to dissolve first and then add enough water; when spraying, make the front and back of the fruit and leaves evenly spray, until it is wet

2.2.2 Application equipment

The spraying equipment adopts SDR-120 electric sprayer, the nozzle diameter is 0.8mm, and the working pressure is 2.0 bar.

2.2.3 Application time and frequency

Protective medication, no disease occurred before the medication. A total of 3 times. The specific application dates are July 23, August 8, and August 22, 2017.

2.2.4 Capacity used

The amount of drug solution is 150L/667m2.

2.2.5 Chemical materials for controlling other pests and diseases

During the test, each plot was not sprayed with any other fungicides except for the test chemicals.

2.3 Investigation method and drug efficacy calculation method

2.3.1 Grape anthracnose

Investigate 20 fruit ears in each plot, record the total number of fruit per ear and the number of damaged fruit, and calculate the rate of damaged fruit.

2.3.2 Grape white rot:

The incidence of all fruit ears was randomly investigated in each plot, and the total number of ears and the number of diseased ears at all levels were recorded.

Grading standards are:

Grade 0: no lesions;

Grade 1: The area of diseased fruit accounts for less than 5% of the entire ear area;

Grade 3: The area of diseased fruit accounts for 6-15% of the entire ear area;

Grade 5: The area of diseased fruit accounts for 16-25% of the entire ear area;

Grade 7: The area of diseased fruit accounts for 26-50% of the entire ear area;

Grade 9: The area of diseased fruit accounts for more than 51% of the entire ear area.

2.3.3 Direct impact on crops

The test agent and the control agent are safe and have no phytotoxicity to the tested grape varieties.

2.4 Test results

The 4.2% eugenol imazalil produced on the basis of indoor screening performed outstandingly in the field test, and the control effects of 800 times and 900 times were all above 85% in the harvest period, of which 4.2% eugenol· The 800-fold control effect of imazalil is significantly higher than the 600-fold control effect of 0.3% eugenol and 800-fold control effect of 10% imazalil. 2000 times, 0.3% eugenol 600 times and 10% imazalil 800 times the field recommended concentration tank mix equivalent (Table 4).

Table 4 Field efficacy of 4.2% eugenol·imazalil in controlling grape white rot and anthracnose

Example 3

safety test

The content of imazalil in the compound composition is 6 percentage points lower than that of commercially available products, so its toxicity to humans and animals and the safety to crops meet the requirements; the content of eugenol in the compound composition is 0.2%. The results of the toxicity test of the accreditation agency show that the compound drug belongs to the slightly toxic pesticide:

Rat acute oral toxicity LD50♂>5000mg/kg,♀>5000mg/kg;

Rat acute dermal toxicity LD50♂>5000mg/kg,♀>5000mg/kg;

Rabbit eye irritation score is 0 (1h), after 48h it is 0 (1:100) dilution, no irritation to eyes;

Rabbit eye irritation score is 0 (4h), non-irritating to the skin.

The present invention establishes the optimal ratio of the two pesticides for use in production through indoor toxicity testing and field tests on the effects of the biological source pesticides eugenol and imazalil on grape white rot and anthracnose after being used alone or compounded , in order to achieve the purpose of reducing environmental pollution from pesticides and controlling the occurrence and development of drug resistance of pathogens.

Claims (5)

1. prevent the complex composition of grape disease, it is characterised in that the weight ratio of active ingredient eugenol and imazalil is 20:1~1:60.

2. the complex composition of prevention grape disease described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that its active ingredient clove tree The weight ratio of phenol and imazalil is 1:1~1：40.

3. according to the complex composition of the prevention grape disease described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that its active ingredient fourth The weight ratio of eugenol and imazalil is 1:20.

4. according to the complex composition of the prevention grape disease described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 in prevention fruit white rot of grape, anthrax Application in disease.

5. the complex composition according to the prevention grape disease described in claim 4 is applied to prevention fruit white rot of grape, anthracnose, It is characterized in that manufactured 4.2% eugenol imazalil field dilutes 800~1000 times of prevention fruits white rot of grape, anthraxs Disease.