CN108008941B - An Android application deep link interface automatic generation method and deep link execution method - Google Patents
An Android application deep link interface automatic generation method and deep link execution method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of deep chain interface automatic generation methods of Android application and deep chain to execute method.Deep chain interface creation method of the invention are as follows: for each setting Activity in the code of target Android application program, obtain the Intent sequence for reaching the Activity；For selected target Activity each in the code of the target Android application program, the sequence of operation that its inner setting Fragment is reached from the entrance of the selected Activity is generated；The deep chain template of each setting position in the target Android application program is constituted according to the Intent sequence and the sequence of operation to get the corresponding deep chain interface in each setting position is arrived.The present invention automatically can generate deep chain for Android application, save the workload of developer, and the deep chain quantity of existing Android application can be greatly improved, promote the application of deep chain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods and deep chain execution method that deep chain interface is automatically generated for Android application, belong to software
Technical field.
Background technique
Android application is to be developed with Java language, operate in application software in Android operation system.One Android is answered
With being usually made of multiple Activity, each Activity provides a user and using the page interacted, Yong Hu
The each function of being applied in Activity using the Android, such as make a phone call, watch movie, read news, look into map.One
Activity may include multiple Fragment, and each Fragment shows a part of user interface.If an Android answered
With being compared to a Web site, then the example page of an Activity can analogize to a Web page, and
Fragment then can be using classification as the Frame in Web page.
Android is applied to be differed from one of Web site: in Web site, each Web page have one it is complete
The unique URL of office, can directly open its corresponding Web page by URL in a browser.In contrast, in Android application
Each only one home address of Activity example page, to enter a page in Android application, user must be first
The application is first opened, then can reach target pages by a series of page jumps.It is false by taking " public comment " application as an example
If user is in the page for wherein browsing a dining room, when the user wants access to the dining room page next time, he must be beaten
Public comment is opened, then the dining room browsed before search can just eventually enter into the dining room page.A series of root of this troublesome operation
This reason is that the internal pages of Android application lack the globally unique address as webpage URL, and lacks and pass through this
Directly open the mechanism of corresponding page in address.
Deep chain (Deep Link) is provided one kind and is answered based on URI (uniform resource identifier) from external directly access of application
With the mechanism of an internal specific webpage.The domestic and international Internet company such as Google, Facebook, Microsoft, Baidu is all energetically
Promote deep chain, it is desirable to which application developer can provide more deep chains in the application, with the needs for meeting search with sharing.So
And deep chain is not supported in Android application extensively at present.By analyzing 20,000 hot topics from pea pods application shop
Android application, discovery wherein 73% application be not provided with any deep chain, 18% application only provides a kind of deep chain (i.e. only
A kind of page in application can be jumped to).
The reason of deep chain is not supported extensively is to need a large amount of manual work for Android application and development depth chain.In original
In reason, deep chain can be realized by the inter-application communication mechanism Intent of Android.Intent is divided to for two classes: (1) showing
Intent provides the name of target Activity, and when Intent is performed, target Activity has been adjusted opening；(2) implicit
Intent provides some screening conditions, including action, category, data etc., when Intent is performed, meets screening
The Activity of condition has been adjusted opening.When constructing Intent, the information that parameter is transmitted with other needs can be placed on
In the domain extra of Intent.When Activity P sends an Intent I, Android system will find and be capable of handling
The target Activity Q of this Intent, then load Q, realizes the switching from P to Q with this.Deep chain generally uses implicitly
Intent realizes that developer needs to support each the Activity of deep chain to reconstruct its code and realize that processing is corresponding implicit
The logic of Intent, this work is often time-consuming and is easy error.Therefore it provides a kind of automation Core Generator of depth chain has
Important meaning and current demand.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of deep links of Android application
Mouth automatic generation method and deep chain execute method.
The present invention analyzes the method combined with dynamic routine using static program analysis, in the participation of developer's minimum level
Under, deep chain interface is generated automatically for Android application.Detailed process are as follows: code (installation kit APK or the source of given Android application program
Code), it is obtained by static analysis reach each Activity's (proper noun is the class inside Android) first
How Intent sequence, record from the entrance Activity of application by transmission Intent reach the most short of each Activity
Path；In turn, it for each selected target Activity, how is obtained by dynamic analysis from specific Activity's
Entrance reaches the sequence of operation of specific Fragment inside Activity.Intent sequence and the sequence of operation constitute in application one
The deep chain template (i.e. the deep chain interface of corresponding position) of setting position, for example, for Activity m and Fragment therein
F, reaches the deep chain template of the Intent Sequence composition m of m, and reaches the Intent sequence of m and reach the operation of f from the entrance of m
The deep chain template of Sequence composition f.After developer is specified needs to generate the Activity and its inside Fragment of deep chain,
Corresponding depth chain template (can find corresponding deep chain template according to the name of Activity and Fragment) and deep chain execute
Engine can automatically generate deep chain, and be packaged with the Android application program installation kit new as one with former application code.When
When one deep chain is requested, deep chain enforcement engine can be activated, by the URI in the request of deep chain come the parameter to corresponding template into
Row instantiation, the Intent that then enforcement engine can be executed successively in template jumps to target Activity, finally by execution
Sequence of operation control Activity in template jumps to specified Fragment, to open target pages.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of deep chain interface automatic generation method of Android application, step include:
1) it for each setting Activity in the code of target Android application program, obtains and reaches the Activity's
Intent sequence；
2) it for each selected target Activity in the code of the target Android application program, generates selected from this
The entrance of Activity reaches the sequence of operation of its inner setting Fragment；
3) each setting position in the target Android application program is constituted according to the Intent sequence and the sequence of operation
Deep chain template to get to the corresponding deep chain interface in each setting position.
Further, the method for reaching the Intent sequence of the Activity is obtained are as follows: construct the target Android first and answer
With the Activity navigation relation figure of program；Then it according to the Activity navigation relation figure, obtains from using entrance
Activity reaches the path of the Activity, then chooses Intent sequence corresponding to shortest path, enters as from application
Mouth Activity reaches the Intent sequence of the Activity.
Further, the method for the sequence of operation is generated are as follows: for every Fragment in the target Activity
Generate a mark；Generate Fragment switching the figure FTG<P, D, p of the target Activity>；Wherein, P represents a vertex
Gather, the corresponding vertex of the mark of every Fragment in Activity；D is the set of directed edge, and each side is one three
Tuple e<s, t, i>, behalf source Fragment, t are target Fragment, and i represents the mark id for causing the control of switching；P is
Starting point, i.e., homepage when Activity is just opened；Then switched according to the Fragment of the target Activity and schemed, it will
Side from starting point to target Fragment is together in series, and obtains the sequence of operation of the Fragment of the target Activity.
Further, the method for generating a mark for every Fragment in the target Activity are as follows: obtain peace
Tall and erect system is the control tree that the target Android application program constructs at runtime；The cryptographic Hash of the control tree is calculated, then using should
Cryptographic Hash identifies current Fragment.
Further, the method for the cryptographic Hash of the control tree is calculated are as follows: for a node q in the control tree, such as
Fruit node q does not have child node in control tree, then result is the tag characters string Hash that node q corresponds to control；If node q has
Child node, the then Hash of all child nodes of recursive calculation egress q；Then according to the cryptographic Hash of the child node of node q to node q
Child node sequence add up shape to guarantee the consistency of hash data structure, then by the label of the cryptographic Hash of each child node and control
At a new character string, finally using the cryptographic Hash of the new character string as the Hash of node q.
Further, the method for the Fragment switching figure is obtained are as follows: first click on each control of current Fragment
Part checks whether Activity changes, if Activity changes, calling system function doback () directly returns previous
A state continues to traverse after returning；If Activity changes, the state of current Fragment is checked, if currently
The mark of Fragment and difference before, and current Fragment is a new Fragment, then Fragment is added in it
Switch in figure, and the information of writing edge is the control to switch；Continue to traverse if there is no Fragment switching；
After completing traversal search, the Fragment switching figure and the list of all Fragment are obtained.
A kind of deep chain execution method based on above-mentioned deep chain interface, which is characterized in that act on behalf of Activity and asked according to deep chain
It asks and searches corresponding deep chain template and to the example, construction one can jump to the foot that depth chain request corresponds to target position
This；Then according to script, playback engine control Android is applied to be switched between Activity, and is operated on control, is reached
To target position；Include assignment required for the parameter in the corresponding deep chain template of deep chain in the depth chain request.
Method flow of the invention is as shown in Figure 1, its specific steps includes:
1. being directed to target Android application program, the Intent sequence for reaching all Activity is generated.
1) the Activity navigation relation figure for constructing target Android application program describes to jump pass between Activity
System.One Activity navigation relation figure G is a digraph, and with a four-tuple G<V, E, r, L>expression, wherein V is vertex
Collection represents all Activity in an application；E is directed edge collection, each directed edge e (v1,v2) represent two
Activity v1To v2Jump；R represents the entrance Activity of application, it is assumed that any top in V can be reached from starting point r
Point；L is the tag set of directed edge, and the label of each directed edge is all parameters of Intent sequence.Activity
There may be multiple summits between two points in navigation relation figure, show that jumping between two Activity may more than one road
Diameter.
2) shortcut is analyzed.After establishing Activity navigation relation figure, it can analyze and reached from application entrance Activity
The path of each Activity.The path P of one arrival Activity is one orderly since entrance Activity
Activity jumps sequence, { t1,t2,…,tk, the length of k delegated path.In one path, t1It represents and opens entrance
The Intent of Activity, path P may insure all to be initialised before all inside relies on arrival Activity.
The path for reaching an Activity may have a plurality of, in order to reach target Activity in most fast mode, should choose most short
Intent sequence corresponding to path.
2. generating the sequence of operation for reaching wherein Fragment for the Activity that developer specifies.
1) mark of wherein Fragment is generated for specified Activity.Have that distinguished name is different from Activity,
Fragment is not identified explicitly.In order to ensure being switched to specified Fragment after the activation, provided using Android
Control tree determines some Fragment.In Android system, all controls are organized into one tree, i.e. control tree.It is transporting
Control tree is obtained when row, and (when system runs different Fragment, corresponding different control tree, i.e. control tree are variations
), the cryptographic Hash of this control tree is calculated by recursive algorithm, each Fragment is then identified with the cryptographic Hash.
The detailed process of recursive algorithm are as follows: for a control q in control tree, if q does not have child node, result in control tree
Only q corresponds to label (tag) character string Hash of control.If q has child node, which goes out all sub- sections of q
The Hash of point.Then, guarantee the child node sequence of q the consistency of hash data structure (because of one according to the cryptographic Hash of child node
The sequence that the child node of a control not maintains like every time), then the tag of the cryptographic Hash of each child node and control is spelled
It connects, a new character string is formed, finally using the cryptographic Hash of the character string as the Hash of q.When by the root section of a control tree
Input of the corresponding control of point as the algorithm, the hash data structure of the available control tree, cryptographic Hash can be used as
The mark of Fragment.
2) Fragment switching figure is generated to the Activity that developer selectes.In order to obtain all of an Activity
Fragment and the operation stream for reaching each Fragment define Fragment switching figure to indicate Fragment at one
Switching in Activity, by triple FTG<P, D, p>expression.P represents Fragment all in an Activity, group
At all vertex of figure, by cryptographic Hash come uniquely tagged.D is the set of all directed edges in figure, and each side is one three
Tuple e<s, t, i>, s and t respectively represent source and target Fragment, and i represents the mark id for causing the control view of switching.P is
Starting point, i.e., homepage when Activity is just opened.In order to obtain Fragment switching figure, tool uses depth-first search
Mode traverse entire Activity.Firstly, attempting each control view of the current Fragment of click to check Activity
Whether change, if Activity changes, calling system function doback () directly returns to preceding state, and what is returned is subsequent
Continuous traversal.Otherwise, the state of Fragment is checked.If the mark of current Fragment and difference before, show
Fragment is switched.Therefore, it is added into figure if it is a new Fragment, and the letter of writing edge
Breath is the control view to switch；Continue to traverse if there is no Fragment switching.The process of dynamic analysis is in fact
Similar to the Web crawler for traversing each webpage, only Android is provided solely for doback () function come before returning to
Activity, rather than return to Fragment.So needing to track it by restarting application after Fragment switching
Preceding Fragment.After a search has been completed, the list of available Fragment switching figure and all Fragment.In order to obtain
Get the sequence of operation up to some Fragment, it is only necessary to will be together in series i.e. from starting point to the side of target Fragment
It can.
3. deep chain is added in Android application program.
After the sequence of operation of the most short-range missile bit path and Fragment that calculate Activity, that is, produces and support deeply
The target Android application program installation file of chain.Since developer may only want to support deep chain in the portion of application.Cause
This, tool allows developer only to add deep chain at the Activity or Fragment of needs.
After developer selects the Activity set of deep chain to be supported, the present invention can be the Activity life each chosen
At an abstract URI.URI can follow the format of " scheme: //host/path " to be identified in Android system.For
Determine specific position, will " http://host/target? parameter#fragment " as the format for being abstracted URI,
Wherein using the backward string with application packet name as the domain host, use the class name of Activity as the domain target, "? " after be parameter
Part.For being linked to the deep chain of Fragment, the name of target Fragment is behind " # ".
Attached drawing 2 describes the structure and generation of target apk.The present invention realizes the most light maintenance to original application using broker architecture
Change.Activity is acted on behalf of to handle all requests.Activity is acted on behalf of to be configured as deferring to the Intent filter of URI.When one
A Intent is passed to when acting on behalf of Activity, if Intent matches with one of URI format, acting on behalf of Activity will
Manipulation playback engine repeats set operation to execute deep chain.It, will if cannot match with any one URI format
Original source code processing can directly be given.
4. executing jumping for deep chain by the operation before repetition at runtime
It, can be comprising assignment required for the parameter in deep chain corresponding templates, in turn in solicited message when deep chain is requested
Deep chain template can be instantiated, so that construction one can jump to the script of specific position.According to script, playback engine with
Application software code communication originally, control application software switches between Activity, and is operated on control.Such as,
As deep chain http://anki.ichi2.com/NoteEditor? when CALLER=3#tags is requested, it shows that user wishes
Reach the tags Fragment of the NoteEditor Activity in Anki application.So the ginseng in playback engine template first
Number CALLER is assigned a value of 3, then sends corresponding Intent sequence and reaches NoteEditor Activity, can then arrive
It simulates and clicks on up to the correspondence control of tags Fragment, end user can reach target position.
Compared with prior art, the positive effect of the present invention are as follows:
This programme automatically can generate deep chain by tool of invention for Android application, save the workload of developer, can
The deep chain quantity of existing Android application is greatly improved, promote the application of deep chain.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the target APK structure for supporting deep chain.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is explained in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Developer can choose the source code of analyzed application.Then the static analysis of tool can find out all Activity with
And relevant Activity most short-range missile bit path.When an Activity is selected, the most short navigation route information meeting of Activity
It is presented in interface.If to generate deep chain for the Fragment in Activity, tool allows developer to start simulator,
Then it is operated in simulator, is switched to the entry position of an Activity.Next, if developer selects starting
Dynamic analysis, implementing result can then be shown.Developer can check whether all Fragment are correct, and work can also be used
The control information that tool provides to add a Fragment manually.After the deep chain of Activity is generated, developer can
To select to generate file destination as output.
Following code illustrates two deep chain templates that tool is Anki application addition.Code therein is
The deep chain template of CardTemplateEditor and NoteEditor Activity.Before reaching CardTemplateEditor,
Two parameters of CALLER and modeId must be first passed to, thus jump to CardTemplateEditor deep chain must to this two
A parameter carries out assignment.Then Aladdin can find suitable Intent to be switched to target Activity.NoteEditor has
Fragment " tags ", the action to specific Fragment needs to click the view that source id is CardEditorTagButton.
Therefore, in order to reach target Fragment, the value (CALLER=3) of Intents and the value (#tags) of fragment require to have
Body assignment.
(1) CardTemplateEditor depth chain:
Call example: http://anki.ichi2.com/CardTemplateEditor? CALLER=3&modelId=
1472031370433
(2) NoteEditor depth chain:
Call example: http://anki.ichi2.com/NoteEditor? CALLER=3#tags.
It is above to implement to be merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention rather than be limited, the ordinary skill people of this field
Member can be with modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution of the present invention are made, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, this hair
Bright protection scope should be subject to described in claims.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of deep chain interface automatic generation method of Android application, step include:
1) for each setting Activity in the code of target Android application program, the Intent for reaching the Activity is obtained
Sequence；
2) it for each selected target Activity in the code of the target Android application program, generates from the selected target
The entrance of Activity reaches the sequence of operation of its inner setting Fragment；
3) depth of each setting position in the target Android application program is constituted according to the Intent sequence and the sequence of operation
Chain template is to get to the corresponding deep chain interface in each setting position；
Wherein, the method for reaching the Intent sequence of the Activity is obtained are as follows: construct the target Android application program first
Activity navigation relation figure；Then it according to the Activity navigation relation figure, obtains to reach from application entrance Activity and be somebody's turn to do
Then Intent sequence corresponding to shortest path is chosen in the path of Activity, reach as from application entrance Activity
The Intent sequence of the Activity.
2. the method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for generating the sequence of operation are as follows: be the target
Every Fragment in Activity generates a mark；Fragment switching figure FTG < P of the target Activity is generated,
D,p>；Wherein, P represents a vertex set, the corresponding vertex of the mark of every Fragment in Activity；D is directed edge
Set, each side be triple an e<s, t, i>, behalf source Fragment, t be target Fragment, i represent cause
The mark id of the control of switching；P is starting point, i.e., homepage when Activity is just opened；Then according to the target
The Fragment of Activity switches figure, will be together in series from starting point to the side of target Fragment, obtains the target
The sequence of operation of the Fragment of Activity.
3. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that generated for every Fragment in the target Activity
The method of one mark are as follows: obtaining Android system is the control tree that the target Android application program constructs at runtime；Calculate the control
Then the cryptographic Hash of part tree identifies current Fragment with the cryptographic Hash.
4. method as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the method for calculating the cryptographic Hash of the control tree are as follows: for this
A node q in control tree, if node q does not have child node in control tree, result is the label that node q corresponds to control
Character string Hash；If node q has child node, the Hash of all child nodes of recursive calculation egress q；Then according to node q
The cryptographic Hash of child node guarantee the sequence of the child node of node q the consistency of hash data structure, then by the Kazakhstan of each child node
The label of uncommon value and control is summed to form a new character string, finally using the cryptographic Hash of the new character string as node q
Hash.
5. method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the method for obtaining the Fragment switching figure are as follows: point first
Each control of current Fragment is hit to check whether Activity changes, if Activity changes, calling system letter
Number doback () directly returns to preceding state, continues to traverse after returning；If Activity changes, check current
The state of Fragment, if the mark of current Fragment and difference before, and current Fragment would be one new
Fragment, then it is added in Fragment switching figure, and the information of writing edge is the control to switch；If do not sent out
Raw Fragment switching then continues to traverse；After completing traversal search, obtains the Fragment switching figure and own
The list of Fragment.
6. a kind of deep chain of the deep chain interface generated based on claim 1 the method executes method, which is characterized in that agency
For Activity according to the corresponding deep chain template of deep chain request lookup and to the example, construction one can jump to depth chain request
The script of corresponding target position；Then according to script, playback engine control Android is applied to be switched between Activity, and is being controlled
It is operated on part, reaches target position；Comprising required for the parameter in the corresponding deep chain template of deep chain in the depth chain request
Assignment；
Wherein, the method for reaching the Intent sequence of the Activity is obtained are as follows: construct the target Android application program first
Activity navigation relation figure；Then it according to the Activity navigation relation figure, obtains to reach from application entrance Activity and be somebody's turn to do
Then Intent sequence corresponding to shortest path is chosen in the path of Activity, reach as from application entrance Activity
The Intent sequence of the Activity.
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