CN107998517B - Neutron capture therapy system - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
- A61N2005/109—Neutrons
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Abstract
In order to obtain neutron beams with various energy ranges in a neutron capture treatment process so as to meet neutron beam energy spectrums required in an actual treatment process, the invention provides a neutron capture treatment system, which comprises an accelerator for generating a charged particle beam, a neutron generation part for generating the neutron beam after being irradiated by the charged particle beam, a beam shaping body and a collimator, wherein the beam shaping body comprises a retarder and a reflector coated on the periphery of the retarder, the neutron generation part generates neutrons after being irradiated by the charged ion beam, the retarder decelerates neutrons generated by the neutron generation part to a preset energy spectrum, the reflector guides deviated neutrons back to improve neutron intensity in the preset energy spectrum, and the collimator intensively irradiates neutrons generated by the neutron generation part, so that the energy of the neutron beam generated by irradiating the neutron generation part is changed by changing the energy of the charged particle beam in the neutron capture treatment process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a radioactive ray irradiation treatment system, in particular to a neutron capture treatment system.
Background
With the development of atomic science, radiation therapy such as cobalt sixty, linac, electron beam, etc. has become one of the main means for cancer therapy. However, the traditional photon or electron treatment is limited by the physical condition of the radioactive rays, and a large amount of normal tissues on the beam path can be damaged while killing tumor cells; in addition, due to the different sensitivity of tumor cells to radiation, traditional radiotherapy often has poor therapeutic effects on malignant tumors with relatively high radiation resistance (such as glioblastoma multiforme (glioblastoma multiforme) and melanoma (melanoma)).
In order to reduce radiation damage to normal tissue surrounding a tumor, the concept of target treatment in chemotherapy (chemotherapy) has been applied to radiotherapy; for tumor cells with high radiation resistance, radiation sources with high relative biological effects (relative biological effectiveness, RBE) such as proton therapy, heavy particle therapy, neutron capture therapy, etc. are also actively developed. The neutron capture treatment combines the two concepts, such as boron neutron capture treatment, and provides better cancer treatment selection than the traditional radioactive rays by means of the specific aggregation of boron-containing medicaments in tumor cells and the accurate neutron beam regulation.
Boron neutron capture therapy (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, BNCT) is carried out by using boron-containing 10 B) The medicine has the characteristic of high capture section for thermal neutrons by 10 B(n,α) 7 Li neutron capture and nuclear fission reaction generation 4 He (He) 7 Li two heavy charged particles. Referring to FIG. 1, which shows a schematic diagram of a boron neutron capture reaction, the average energy of two charged particles is about 2.33MeV, with high linear transfer (Linear Energy Transfer, LET), short range characteristics, linear energy transfer and range of alpha particles are 150keV/μm, 8 μm, respectively, and 7 the Li heavy charged particles are 175 keV/mum and 5μm, the total range of the two particles is approximately equal to one cell size, so that the radiation injury caused to organisms can be limited at the cell level, and when boron-containing medicaments are selectively gathered in tumor cells, the purpose of killing the tumor cells locally can be achieved on the premise of not causing too great injury to normal tissues by matching with a proper neutron source.
The success of boron neutron capture therapy is also known as binary radiation cancer therapy (binary cancer therapy) because it depends on the concentration of boron-containing drugs and the number of thermal neutrons at the tumor cell site; it is known that, in addition to the development of boron-containing drugs, neutron source quality plays an important role in the study of boron neutron capture therapy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to obtain neutron beams in various energy ranges during a neutron capture treatment process so as to meet neutron beam energy spectrums required during an actual treatment process, one aspect of the invention provides a neutron capture treatment system, which comprises an accelerator for generating a charged particle beam, a neutron generating part for generating the neutron beam after being irradiated by the charged particle beam, a beam shaping body and a collimator, wherein the beam shaping body comprises a retarder and a reflector coated on the periphery of the retarder, the neutron generating part generates neutrons after being irradiated by the charged ion beam, the retarder decelerates neutrons generated by the neutron generating part to a preset energy spectrum, the reflector guides deviated neutrons back to improve neutron intensity in the preset energy spectrum, and the collimator intensively irradiates neutrons generated by the neutron generating part, and during the neutron capture treatment process, the neutron capture treatment system changes the energy of the neutron beam generated by irradiating the neutron generating part by changing the energy of the charged particle beam. The method mainly changes the energy of the neutron beam indirectly by changing the energy of the charged particle beam, so as to change the depth dose distribution of the neutron capture treatment system.
Further, in the present application, the ion source in the accelerator is accelerated by a microwave generator capable of generating different pulses, so that the accelerator generates charged particle beams of different energies. The neutron capture treatment system is provided with a microwave generator capable of injecting microwaves into an accelerator, the accelerator changes the energy of an output charged particle beam according to the microwaves with different frequencies, when the energy of the generated charged particle beam is a first value, the charged particles react with a neutron generating part to generate a first neutron beam energy value, and when the energy of the generated charged particle beam is a second value, the charged particles react with the neutron generating part to generate a second neutron beam energy value, wherein the first value is lower than the second value, and the first neutron beam energy is lower than the second neutron beam energy.
Further, the energy of the charged particle beam generated by the neutron capture therapy system is changed by changing the electric field intensity at the accelerator end. In the neutron capture treatment system, the structure before the charged particles and the neutron generating part undergo nuclear reaction is understood as an accelerator end.
Further, an electric field supply device capable of generating an electric field and accelerating or decelerating the charged particle beam transmitted in the vacuum tube before the charged particle beam is irradiated to the neutron generating section is provided outside the vacuum tube or/and the neutron generating section, and the electric field supply device is a peripheral device capable of generating an electric field at the outer periphery of the vacuum tube or the outer periphery of the neutron generating section and accelerating or decelerating the charged particle beam before the charged particle beam is irradiated to the neutron generating section by the generated electric field, for example, an energizing electrode.
Further, the neutron capture therapy system further comprises a beam energy spectrum adjusting member capable of adjusting the energy of the charged particle beam, and when the beam energy spectrum adjusting member is positioned in the vacuum tube and in front of the neutron generating part, the charged particle beam irradiates the beam energy spectrum adjusting member for energy adjustment and then irradiates the neutron generating part to generate a neutron beam.
Further, a containing part is arranged in the vacuum tube, the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece is contained in the containing part and is connected with a driving mechanism capable of enabling the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece to move, and when the driving mechanism controls the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece to move to the front of the neutron generating part, the charged particles irradiate the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece, then energy is adjusted, and then the charged particles irradiate the neutron generating part; when the driving mechanism controls the beam energy spectrum adjusting part to be accommodated in the accommodating part and not positioned in front of the neutron generating part, the charged particle beam directly irradiates the neutron generating part. Preferably, the accommodating part is located below the neutron generating part, when the driving mechanism controls the beam energy spectrum adjusting part to move upwards, the beam energy spectrum adjusting part moves to the front of the neutron generating part, and the charged particles irradiate to the beam energy spectrum adjusting part for energy adjustment and then irradiate to the neutron generating part; when the driving mechanism controls the beam energy spectrum adjusting part to move downwards, the beam energy spectrum adjusting part is accommodated in the accommodating part, and the charged particle beam directly irradiates the neutron generating part.
Further, the beam energy spectrum adjusting parts are provided with a plurality of beam energy spectrum adjusting parts, the energy adjusting effects of different numbers of beam energy spectrum adjusting parts on the charged particle beams are different, and the driving mechanism can drive each beam energy spectrum adjusting part to move up and down respectively so as to adjust the energy of the charged particle beams. And, the neutron spectrum modifier may be made of a material capable of generating neutrons, such as beryllium, lithium.
Further, each beam energy spectrum adjusting member is made of different materials, and the beam energy spectrum adjusting members of different materials have different energy adjusting effects on the charged particle beam.
Further, the neutron generator is connected to a power supply device, the power supply device energizes the neutron generator, and the beam energy spectrum of the charged particle beam is changed after the charged particles are irradiated to the energized neutron generator.
Compared with the prior art, the neutron capture treatment system indirectly changes the energy of the generated neutron beam by adjusting the energy of the charged particle beam so as to meet different requirements of different energies of the neutron beam under different treatment conditions, has a simple structure and is easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a boron neutron capture reaction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a neutron capture therapy system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a neutron capture therapy system provided with a microwave generator;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a neutron capture therapy system provided with an electric field providing device;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a neutron capture therapy system with beam energy spectrum modifiers;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of energizing the cladding of the neutron generator.
Detailed Description
Neutron capture therapy has been increasingly used in recent years as an effective means of treating cancer, where it is most common to supply neutrons from a boron neutron capture therapy to a nuclear reactor or accelerator. Taking accelerator boron neutron capture therapy as an example, the basic components of accelerator boron neutron capture therapy generally comprise an accelerator for accelerating charged particles (such as protons, deuterons and the like), a neutron generating part, a heat removing system and a beam shaping body, wherein the accelerated charged particles react with the neutron generating part to generate neutrons, and proper nuclear reactions are selected according to the required neutron yield and energy, available energy and current of the accelerated charged particles, physicochemical properties of the neutron generating part and the like, and the nuclear reactions in common discussion are that 7 Li(p,n) 7 Be and Be 9 Be(p,n) 9 And B, performing an endothermic reaction. The energy threshold for the two nuclear reactions was 1.881MeV and 2.055Me, respectivelyIn theory, if protons with energy only slightly higher than a threshold value are used to bombard a metallic lithium target, relatively low-energy neutrons can Be generated, and the neutron capture treatment can Be used clinically without too much retarding treatment, however, the neutron generating part of two materials, namely lithium metal (Li) and beryllium metal (Be), has a low proton action section with the threshold energy, and in order to generate enough neutron flux, protons with higher energy are generally selected to initiate nuclear reaction.
Whether the neutron source of the boron neutron capture treatment is from nuclear reaction of charged particles of a nuclear reactor or an accelerator and a target, the generated mixed radiation field is that the beam contains neutrons and photons with low energy to high energy; for boron neutron capture treatment of deep tumors, the more radiation content, except for epithermal neutrons, the greater the proportion of non-selective dose deposition of normal tissue, and therefore the less radiation that will cause unnecessary doses. In addition to the air beam quality factor, in order to better understand the dose distribution of neutrons in the human body, the embodiments of the present application use a human head tissue prosthesis for dose calculation, and use the prosthesis beam quality factor as a design reference for neutron beams, as will be described in detail below.
The international atomic energy organization (IAEA) gives five air beam quality factor suggestions for neutron sources for clinical boron neutron capture treatment, and the five suggestions can be used for comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different neutron sources and serve as reference bases for selecting neutron production paths and designing beam shaping bodies. These five suggestions are as follows:
epithermal neutron beam flux Epithermal neutron flux>1x 10 9 n/cm 2 s
Fast neutron contamination Fast neutron contamination<2x 10 -13 Gy-cm 2 /n
Photon pollution Photon contamination<2x 10 -13 Gy-cm 2 /n
The ratio thermal to epithermal neutron flux ratio of thermal neutron to epithermal neutron flux is less than 0.05
Neutron current to flux ratio epithermal neutron current to flux ratio >0.7
Note that: the epithermal neutron energy region is between 0.5eV and 40keV, the thermal neutron energy region is less than 0.5eV, and the fast neutron energy region is more than 40keV.
1. Epithermal neutron beam flux:
the neutron beam flux and the boron-containing drug concentration in the tumor together determine the clinical treatment time. If the concentration of the boron-containing medicament in the tumor is high enough, the requirement on the neutron beam flux can be reduced; conversely, if the boron-containing drug concentration in the tumor is low, a high flux epithermal neutron is required to administer a sufficient dose to the tumor. IAEA requires a epithermal neutron beam flux of greater than 10 epithermal neutrons per square centimeter per second 9 The neutron beam at this flux can generally control the treatment time to within one hour for current boron-containing drugs, and short treatment times can more effectively utilize the limited residence time of boron-containing drugs within tumors in addition to advantages for patient positioning and comfort.
2. Fast neutron contamination:
since fast neutrons cause unnecessary normal tissue doses, which are positively correlated with neutron energy, as a matter of pollution, the fast neutron content should be minimized in the neutron beam design. Fast neutron contamination is defined as the fast neutron dose accompanied by a unit epithermal neutron flux, with IAEA recommended for fast neutron contamination as less than 2x 10 -13 Gy-cm 2 /n。
3. Photon pollution (gamma ray pollution):
gamma rays belonging to the intense penetrating radiation can cause non-selective dose deposition of all tissues on the beam path, so reducing the gamma ray content is also an essential requirement for neutron beam design, gamma ray pollution is defined as the gamma ray dose accompanied by the unit epithermal neutron flux, and the proposal of IAEA on gamma ray pollution is less than 2x 10 -13 Gy-cm 2 /n。
4. Ratio of thermal neutron to epithermal neutron flux:
because of high thermal neutron attenuation speed and poor penetrating capacity, most of energy is deposited on skin tissues after entering a human body, and thermal neutrons are required to be used as neutron sources for boron neutron capture treatment for superficial tumors such as melanoma and the like, so that the thermal neutron content is required to be reduced for deep tumors such as brain tumors and the like. The IAEA to thermal neutron to epithermal neutron flux ratio is recommended to be less than 0.05.
5. Neutron current to flux ratio:
the ratio of neutron current to flux represents the directionality of the beam, the larger the ratio is, the better the frontage of the neutron beam is, the high frontage neutron beam can reduce the surrounding normal tissue dose caused by neutron divergence, and the treatable depth and the posture setting elasticity are improved. IAEA is recommended to have a neutron current to flux ratio greater than 0.7.
The dose distribution in the tissue is obtained by using the prosthesis, and the quality factor of the prosthesis beam is deduced according to the dose-depth curve of normal tissue and tumor. The following three parameters can be used to make comparisons of the therapeutic benefits of different neutron beams.
1. Effective treatment depth:
the tumor dose is equal to the depth of the maximum dose of normal tissue, and at a position behind the depth, the tumor cells obtain a dose smaller than the maximum dose of normal tissue, i.e. the advantage of boron neutron capture is lost. This parameter represents the penetration capacity of the neutron beam, with a greater effective treatment depth indicating a deeper treatable tumor depth in cm.
2. Effective therapeutic depth dose rate:
i.e. the tumor dose rate at the effective treatment depth, is also equal to the maximum dose rate of normal tissue. Because the total dose received by normal tissues is a factor affecting the total dose size that can be given to a tumor, a larger effective treatment depth dose rate indicates a shorter irradiation time in cGy/mA-min, as the parameters affect the length of treatment time.
3. Effective therapeutic dose ratio:
the average dose ratio received from the brain surface to the effective treatment depth, tumor and normal tissue, is referred to as the effective treatment dose ratio; calculation of the average dose can be obtained from the integration of the dose-depth curve. The larger the effective therapeutic dose ratio, the better the therapeutic benefit of the neutron beam.
In order to make the beam shaping body have a comparative basis in design, besides the five IAEA suggested beam quality factors in air and the three parameters mentioned above, the following parameters for evaluating the neutron beam dose performance are also used in the embodiments of the present application:
1. the irradiation time is less than or equal to 30min (the proton current used by the accelerator is 10 mA)
2. 30.0RBE-Gy with therapeutic depth of 7cm or more
3. The maximum tumor dose is more than or equal to 60.0RBE-Gy
4. The maximum dose of normal brain tissue is less than or equal to 12.5RBE-Gy
5. The maximum skin dose is less than or equal to 11.0RBE-Gy
Note that: RBE (Relative Biological Effectiveness) is the relative biological effect, and the above dose terms are multiplied by the relative biological effects of different tissues to obtain the equivalent dose, because the biological effects caused by photons and neutrons are different.
In the actual neutron capture treatment process, patients and tumor conditions under different conditions often need to be irradiated by neutron beams with different energies, and how to obtain the neutron beams with the required energies according to the specific conditions for treatment becomes a problem to be solved. In order to provide a neutron beam with various energies, the energy of the charged particle beam before being irradiated to the neutron generating part is changed, and the neutron beam is generated by the reaction of the charged particles after being irradiated to the neutron generating part, so that the energy change of the charged particle beam directly affects the energy of the neutron beam. The neutron capture therapy system described herein changes the energy of the neutron beam by changing the energy of the charged particle beam, including but not limited to, during boron neutron capture therapy, as described in more detail below.
As shown in fig. 2, the present application provides a neutron capture therapy system 100, the neutron capture therapy system 100 including an accelerator 200 for generating a charged particle beam P, a neutron generating section 10 for generating a neutron beam after being irradiated by the charged particle beam P, a beam shaping body 11, and a collimator 12. The beam shaping body 11 comprises a retarder 13 and a reflector 14 coated on the periphery of the retarder 13. The neutron generator 10 irradiates the charged particle beam P to generate a neutron beam N, the retarder 13 retards the neutron beam N generated from the neutron generator 10 to a predetermined energy spectrum, the reflector 14 guides the deviated neutrons back to increase the neutron intensity in the predetermined energy spectrum, and the collimator 12 irradiates the neutrons generated from the neutron generator 10 in a concentrated manner. The energy of the charged particles can be changed, and the neutron capture therapy system 100 indirectly changes the energy of the neutron beam generated by the neutron generator by changing the energy of the charged particle beam, and the energy of the neutron beam N is affected by the change of the energy of the charged particle beam P because the neutron beam N is generated by the irradiation of the charged particle beam P to the neutron generator 10. That is, the present application indirectly alters the energy of neutron beam N through a change in the energy of charged particle beam P, thereby enabling the neutron capture therapy system to provide a better neutron depth dose distribution.
As a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the neutron capture therapy system 100 further includes a microwave generator 300 disposed at the accelerator end. The microwave generator 300 is capable of generating microwaves of different frequencies, and the accelerator 200 accelerates the ion source in the accelerator according to the injected microwaves of different frequencies to change the energy of the output charged particle beam. When the frequency of the microwave generator 300 injected into the accelerator 200 is high, the accelerator 200 accelerates the ion source faster, the energy of the generated charged particle beam P is high, and the energy of the neutron beam N generated by the neutron generating section 10 after being irradiated by the charged particle beam P is high; when the frequency of the microwave generator 300 injected into the accelerator 200 is low, the accelerator 200 accelerates the ion source slowly, the energy of the generated charged particle beam P is low, and the energy of the neutron beam N generated by the neutron generator 10 irradiated with the charged particle beam P is low. When the energy of the generated charged particle beam is low (is a first value), the energy of the neutron beam generated by the reaction of the charged particles and the neutron generating section is low (the energy value of the first neutron beam); when the energy of the generated charged particle beam is high (is a second value), the energy of the neutron beam generated by the reaction of the charged particles with the neutron generating section is high (the energy value of the second neutron beam), wherein the first value is lower than the second value, and the energy value of the first neutron beam is lower than the energy value of the second neutron beam.
As shown in fig. 4, as a second embodiment, the present application can also change the energy of the charged particle beam P by changing the electric field intensity at the accelerator end. Since the electric field intensity at the accelerator side has a great influence on the acceleration speed of the charged particle beam P, which in turn directly influences the energy of the charged particle beam P, the energy of the neutron beam N generated by the irradiation of the charged particle beam P to the neutron generating section 10 is influenced.
As a specific embodiment for changing the electric field intensity at the accelerator end, the present application is provided with an electric field supply device 16 outside the vacuum tube 15 or outside the neutron production section 10 to generate an electric field capable of accelerating or decelerating the charged particle beam P before being irradiated to the neutron production section 10. Preferably, the electric field supply device 16 is an energizing electrode, and the difference between the electric field intensities generated by the energizing electrode is controlled to be adjusted so as to accelerate or decelerate the charged particle beam P, which will not be described in detail herein.
The electric field supply device 16 is arranged outside the vacuum tube 15 or outside the neutron generating part 10 for the purpose of secondarily adjusting the energy of the charged particle beam P accelerated by the accelerator 200, so as to be beneficial to generating the neutron beam N meeting the energy level required in the neutron capturing treatment process when the charged particle beam P irradiates the neutron generating part 10. That is, the energy of the charged particle beam P is changed by controlling the electric field at the accelerator end, and the energy of the neutron beam N is indirectly changed. Of course, such an electric field supply device 16 may be provided outside the vacuum tube 15 and outside the neutron generator 10, respectively, and the energy of the charged particle beam P may be adjusted a plurality of times, so that such energy adjustment is easier to achieve, and the neutron beam N of the energy level required in the treatment process may be obtained.
Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the present application for varying the energy of the charged particle beam P. In the present embodiment, a beam spectrum adjuster 17 is provided in front of the neutron generator 10 in the vacuum tube 15, and the charged particle beam P is irradiated to the beam spectrum adjuster 17 to be energy-adjusted, and then irradiated to the neutron generator 10 to generate a neutron beam N, thereby finally realizing energy adjustment of the neutron beam N.
The beam spectrum adjusting member 17 is disposed in the vacuum tube 15 and below the neutron generating section 10, a receiving section 151 below the neutron generating section 10 is disposed in the vacuum tube 15, and the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 is received in the receiving section 151. Since the energy adjustment effect of the different number of beam energy spectrum adjustment members 17 on the charged particle beam P is different, a plurality of beam energy spectrum adjustment members 17 are arranged in the vacuum tube 15, each beam energy spectrum adjustment member 17 is connected to a driving mechanism 18, and the driving mechanism 18 controls each beam energy spectrum adjustment member 17 to move up or down, respectively, i.e. the driving mechanism 18 can simultaneously move up or down one or more beam energy spectrum adjustment members 17. During an actual neutron capture treatment, the drive mechanism 18 is operated according to the energy requirements of the neutron beam N, and the motion of each beam energy spectrum adjusting member 17 is controlled by the drive mechanism 18. When the driving mechanism 18 controls the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 to move upwards, the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 moves to the front of the neutron generating part 10, and the charged particle beam P irradiates the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 for energy adjustment and then irradiates the neutron generating part 10; when the driving mechanism controls the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 to move downward, the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 is accommodated in the accommodating portion 151, and the charged particle beam P is directly irradiated to the neutron generator 10. The energy of the charged particle beam P is adjusted by the beam energy spectrum adjusting member 17, thereby indirectly adjusting the energy spectrum of the neutron beam N. The beam spectrum adjusting member may be provided at a position other than the position below the neutron generator, in the vacuum tube, as long as the beam spectrum adjusting member is positioned in front of the neutron generator when the energy of the charged particle beam is required to be adjusted, and is not positioned in front of the neutron generator when the energy of the charged particle beam is not required to be adjusted.
In order to facilitate the manufacture and installation of the beam spectrum adjusting members 17, each beam spectrum adjusting member 17 is designed to have the same structure and each beam spectrum adjusting member 17 is orderly arranged in the accommodating portion 151, the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 and the neutron generating portion 10 are all circular in cross section perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the charged particle beam P, and the radius of the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 is smaller than the radius of the neutron generating portion 10. In order to alleviate the heat generated by the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 after the charged particle beam P is irradiated, a cooling device (not shown) is disposed on the outer periphery of the beam spectrum adjusting member 17, and the cooling device of the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 may be disposed in reference to the cooling manner of the center generating portion 10 in the prior art, which will not be described in detail herein. When the charged particle beam P is irradiated to the beam energy spectrum adjusting member 17, the beam energy spectrum adjusting member 17 adjusts the energy of the charged particle beam P, and the cooling device cools the beam energy spectrum adjusting member 17.
The thickness of each beam spectrum adjusting member 17 may be the same or different, and the material of the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 may be the same or different. When the beam spectrum adjusting parts 17 are all made of the same material, different requirements on the energy of the neutron beam N in the neutron capture treatment process can be achieved by controlling different numbers of beam spectrum adjusting parts 17 to move downwards to the front of the neutron generating part 10 through a driving mechanism; when the beam energy spectrum adjusting parts 17 are made of different materials, different requirements on the energy of the neutron beam N in the neutron capture treatment process can be achieved by controlling the downward movement of different numbers of the beam energy spectrum adjusting parts 17 through a driving mechanism, and also can be achieved by controlling the downward movement of the beam energy spectrum adjusting parts 17 of different materials through the driving mechanism. In addition, the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 may be made of a material capable of generating the neutron beam N, such as lithium or beryllium. When the beam spectrum modifier 17 is made of a material capable of generating the neutron beam N, the beam spectrum modifier 17 should be disposed as close to the neutron generator 10 as possible, so that the neutron beam generated when the charged particle beam P is irradiated to the beam spectrum modifier 17 and the neutron beam generated by the neutron generator are effectively utilized. Of course, if the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 is made of a material that does not generate a neutron beam, the beam spectrum adjusting member 17 may be provided in the vacuum tube 15 and may be moved downward to be positioned in front of the neutron generating section 10 under the control of the driving mechanism, so long as the charged particle beam P irradiated to the neutron generating section 10 is energy-adjusted.
Referring to fig. 6, as a fourth embodiment, the neutron generating section 10 of the neutron capture treatment system 100 is connected to an energizing device 20. The neutron generator 10 is energized by the energizing device 20 to generate an electric field inside the neutron generator, and the beam energy spectrum of the charged particle beam P is changed by the charged particle beam P being irradiated to the energized neutron generator 10.
Of course, in order to obtain better quality of the neutron beam N, a microwave generator, an electric field supply device, a beam energy spectrum adjusting member, and a neutron generating part connected to the energizing device may be simultaneously provided, so that the charged particle beam P generated during the neutron capturing treatment process may be subjected to multiple energy adjustment, thereby more easily obtaining a neutron beam of a desired energy level, which will not be described in detail herein.
The beam shaping body for neutron capture therapy disclosed in the present application is not limited to the structures described in the above embodiments and shown in the drawings. Obvious changes, substitutions, or modifications to the materials, shapes, and locations of the components therein are within the scope of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A neutron capture therapy system, characterized by: the neutron capture treatment system comprises an accelerator for generating a charged particle beam, a neutron generation part for generating a neutron beam after being irradiated by the charged particle beam, a vacuum tube for transmitting the charged particle accelerated by the accelerator to the neutron generation part, a beam shaping body and a collimator, wherein the beam shaping body comprises a retarder and a reflector coated on the periphery of the retarder, the retarder decelerates neutrons generated by the neutron generation part to a preset energy spectrum, the reflector guides deviated neutrons back to improve the neutron intensity in the preset energy spectrum, the collimator concentrates neutrons generated by the neutron generation part, and the neutron capture treatment system changes the energy of the neutron beam generated by irradiating the neutron generation part by changing the energy of the charged particle beam; the neutron capture treatment system also comprises a beam energy spectrum adjusting piece capable of adjusting the energy of the charged particle beam, and when the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece is positioned in the vacuum tube and in front of the neutron generating part, the charged particle beam irradiates the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece for energy adjustment and then irradiates the neutron generating part to generate a neutron beam; the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece and the neutron generating part are circular in cross section perpendicular to the irradiation direction of the charged particle beam, and the radius of the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece is smaller than that of the neutron generating part.
2. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the neutron capture treatment system is provided with a microwave generator capable of injecting microwaves into an accelerator, the accelerator changes the energy of an output charged particle beam according to the microwaves with different frequencies, when the energy of the generated charged particle beam is a first value, the charged particles react with a neutron generating part to generate a first neutron beam energy value, and when the energy of the generated charged particle beam is a second value, the charged particles react with the neutron generating part to generate a second neutron beam energy value, wherein the first value is lower than the second value, and the first neutron beam energy value is lower than the second neutron beam energy value.
3. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the energy of the charged particle beam generated by the neutron capture therapy system is changed by changing the electric field intensity at the accelerator end.
4. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 3, wherein: the vacuum tube and/or the neutron generator are/is provided with an electric field supply device which can generate an electric field and accelerate or decelerate the charged particle beam before the charged particle beam irradiates the neutron generator.
5. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the vacuum tube is internally provided with a containing part, the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece is contained in the containing part and is connected with a driving mechanism capable of enabling the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece to move, and when the driving mechanism controls the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece to move to the front of the neutron generating part, the charged particles irradiate the beam energy spectrum adjusting piece, then energy is adjusted, and then the charged particles irradiate the neutron generating part; when the driving mechanism controls the beam energy spectrum adjusting part to be accommodated in the accommodating part and not positioned in front of the neutron generating part, the charged particle beam directly irradiates the neutron generating part.
6. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 5, wherein: the beam energy spectrum adjusting parts are provided with a plurality of beam energy spectrum adjusting parts, the energy adjusting effects of different numbers of beam energy spectrum adjusting parts on the charged particle beams are different, and the driving mechanism drives each beam energy spectrum adjusting part to move respectively so as to adjust the energy of the charged particle beams.
7. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 5, wherein: the beam energy spectrum adjusting parts are provided with a plurality of beam energy spectrum adjusting parts, each beam energy spectrum adjusting part is made of different materials, and the beam energy spectrum adjusting parts of different materials have different energy adjusting effects on the charged particle beam.
8. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the neutron generating part is connected with a power supply device, the power supply device is used for electrifies the neutron generating part, and the beam energy spectrum of the charged particle beam is changed after the charged particles are irradiated to the electrified neutron generating part.
9. The neutron capture therapy system of claim 1, wherein: the neutron capture treatment system indirectly changes the energy spectrum of the neutron beam by changing the beam energy spectrum of the charged particle beam, thereby changing the neutron depth dose distribution of the neutron capture treatment system.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610930008.7A CN107998517B (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-10-31 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| EP17864029.8A EP3517172B1 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-07-13 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| JP2019541838A JP6831921B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-07-13 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| PCT/CN2017/092702 WO2018076790A1 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-07-13 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| TW106128748A TWI632932B (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2017-08-24 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| US16/373,775 US10773104B2 (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2019-04-03 | Neutron capture therapy system |
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| CN201610930008.7A CN107998517B (en) | 2016-10-31 | 2016-10-31 | Neutron capture therapy system |
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| CA3217564A1 (en) | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | Neuboron Therapy System Ltd. | Neutron capture therapy system |
| WO2020211581A1 (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2020-10-22 | 中硼(厦门)医疗器械有限公司 | Neutron capture therapy system |
| CN112911783A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-04 | 四川大学 | Film energy degrader suitable for high-power beam |
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Application publication date: 20180508 Assignee: China boron (Xiamen) medical equipment Co.,Ltd. Assignor: NEUBORON MEDTECH LTD. Contract record no.: X2019320000054 Denomination of invention: Radiant ray detection system and radiant ray detection method for neutron capture treatment system License type: Common License Record date: 20190910 |
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