CN107989595A - It is programmable to automatically control downgoing communication device and downlink signal transmission - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, and relates to a programmable automatic control downlink communication device and a downlink signal transmission method. The former includes a mud tank, a main mud pump, an automatic control downlink communication device, a drilling rig, and downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment, and a mud tank The outlet of the main mud pump is connected with the inlet of the main mud pump through the first mud pipeline, and the automatic control downstream communication equipment includes a control module, an electric control valve, a sealing tank, a nitrogen bag and a small mud pump, and the control module is connected with the electric control valve and the small mud pump respectively. electrical connection. When the present invention sends downlink communication signals, a large amount of drilling circulating mud flows to the drilling tool assembly and the drill bit through the energy stored in the programmable automatic downlink communication equipment, so that the drilling operation can be carried out continuously. When the downlink signal is transmitted, the drilling circulating mud passes through the downhole instrument measurement and control equipment, and then directly returns to the mud tank, which can accurately and reliably detect the geological conditions of the drilling formation and the direction of the borehole.

Description

Programmable automatic control downlink communication device and downlink signal transmission method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling engineering, and relates to a programmable automatic control downlink communication device and a downlink signal transmission method.

Background technique

In the field of drilling engineering technology, various equipment for measuring geological parameters and controlling the direction of the drill bit are installed downhole. During drilling, ground operators must keep abreast of the geological conditions of the drilled formation and the direction of the wellbore, and constantly adjust the measurement method and the direction of the drill bit. Therefore, the communication between the ground operator and the downhole equipment becomes very important, and the communication includes "uplink signal transmission" and "downlink signal transmission".

The existing downlink signal transmission technology, such as the document with the patent application number CN201510953355.7, two methods of downlink signal transmission disclosed in the background technology: the first method, the method of "downlink signal transmission" in this way is The main mud pump is stopped and started according to a set of time codes. Sensors in the downhole measurement and control equipment can detect the pressure change pulses and decode them into commands. This method needs to stop the operation of the pump and downhole drilling operations, and it takes a relatively long time to determine the state of stopping and starting the pump, and the amount of information transmitted by the downlink signal is small. In the second way, processes such as drilling operations and mud circulation are the same as the first way. The downlink signal transmission system consists of pipelines and bypass valves. By opening and closing the bypass valves, a part of the mud in the circulation system returns directly to the mud tank without passing through the downhole measurement and control equipment. Therefore, when the bypass valve is opened and closed, the flow rate and pressure at the downhole measurement and control equipment will change, and the code for opening and closing the ground bypass valve will be decoded through downhole sensor measurement to obtain ground instructions.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a programmable automatic control downlink communication device and a downlink signal transmission method, which overcomes the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and can effectively solve the need to stop the pump and stop the downlink communication of the existing programmable automatic control downlink communication equipment. The problem of downhole drilling operations further solves the problem that when the existing programmable automatic control downlink communication equipment transmits downlink signals, part of the drilling circulating mud directly returns to the mud tank without going through the downhole instrument measurement and control equipment, which is easy to cause damage to the drill The geological conditions of the formation and the deviation of the wellbore direction detection.

One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: a programmable automatic control downstream communication device includes a mud tank, a main mud pump, an automatic control downstream communication device, a drilling rig, and downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment, and an outlet of the mud tank It is connected with the inlet of the main mud pump through the first mud pipeline, and the automatic control downstream communication equipment includes a control module, an electric control valve, a sealing tank, a nitrogen bag and a small mud pump, and the control module is electrically connected with the electric control valve and the small mud pump respectively , the outlet of the main mud pump, the inlet of the electric control valve and the inlet of the drilling rig are connected through the first three-way mud pipeline, and the outlet of the electric control valve, the inlet of the sealed tank and the inlet of the small mud pump are connected through the second three-way mud pipeline. The pipelines are connected, the sealed tank is provided with a nitrogen bag, the outlet of the small mud pump is connected to the inlet of the drilling rig through the second mud pipeline, and the second mud pipeline is connected to the first three-way mud pipeline, which is connected to the outlet of the drilling rig. There is a drilling string and the lower part of the drilling string extends into the borehole, and the borehole annulus is formed between the outer side of the drilling string and the inner wall of the borehole. The downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment is arranged at the lower part of the drilling string. A drill bit is fixedly installed at the bottom, and the borehole annulus is connected with the mud tank through the third mud pipeline.

Below is the further optimization or/and improvement to above-mentioned technical scheme of the invention:

The above-mentioned downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment is a flow measuring instrument or a pressure detector or a turbine.

The above-mentioned downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment is a turbine generator, and a measuring terminal is provided at the three-phase output end of the generator, and the measuring terminal measures the frequency signal of the generator.

The above electric control valve is an electric control pneumatic three-way valve.

The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: a downlink signal transmission method of the above-mentioned programmable automatic control downlink communication device, comprising the following steps:

The first step is to turn on the main mud pump when it is necessary to send instructions or data downhole, and the drilling circulating mud enters the electric valve from the mud tank through the main mud pump, and the control module controls the opening, closing and opening degree of the inlet of the electric control valve;

In the second step, the drilling circulating mud is introduced into the closed tank by opening the electronic control valve through the control module, and the drilling circulating mud compresses the nitrogen bag in the closed tank. As more and more drilling circulating mud enters the closed tank, the mud in the closed tank The flow and pressure of the airtight tank are changed to form a high-pressure area in the closed tank, and the drilling circulation mud is pressed out of the closed tank and enters the small mud pump through the second three-way mud pipeline;

In the third step, the control module controls the opening of the small mud pump. The small mud pump presses the drilling circulating mud into the second mud pipeline. The drilling circulating mud flows out of the second mud pipeline and enters the drilling rig along with the first three-way mud pipeline, and then enters the drilling rig. Downhole, the outflowing drilling circulation mud forms a flow pulse signal downhole;

In the fourth step, the downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment detects the flow pulse signal and decodes it, so as to obtain the data sent by the ground, and ends.

When the present invention sends downlink communication signals, a large amount of drilling circulating mud flows to the drilling tool assembly and the drill bit through the energy stored in the programmable automatic downlink communication equipment, so that the drilling operation can be carried out continuously. During drilling operations, the main mud pump sucks the drilling circulating mud and presses it into the well drilling string. The outlet of the main mud pump and the first three-way mud pipeline are under high pressure, generally above 10Mpa. The inlet of the main mud pump is under normal pressure. When the downlink signal is transmitted, the drilling circulating mud passes through the downhole instrument measurement and control equipment, and then returns to the mud tank through the downhole annulus, which can accurately and reliably detect the geological conditions of the drilling formation and the direction of the borehole.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the on-site installation schematic diagram of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure and working principle of the automatic control downlink communication equipment of the present invention.

The codes in the drawings are: 1 is the mud tank, 2 is the main mud pump, 3 is the automatic control downlink communication equipment, 301 is the control module, 302 is the electric control valve, 303 is the sealed tank, 304 is the nitrogen bag, 305 is the small mud pump , 4 is the drilling rig, 5 is the downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment, 6 is the first mud pipeline, 7 is the first three-way mud pipeline, 8 is the second three-way mud pipeline, 9 is the second mud pipeline, 10 is drilling The pipe string, 11 is the drill bit, 12 is the annulus of the wellbore, and 13 is the third mud pipeline.

Detailed ways

The present invention is not limited by the following examples, and specific implementation methods can be determined according to the technical solutions of the present invention and actual conditions.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

Embodiment 1: As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, a programmable automatic control downstream communication device includes a mud tank 1, a main mud pump 2, an automatic control downstream communication device 3, a drilling rig 4, and downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment 5. The outlet of the tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the main mud pump 2 through the first mud pipeline 6, and the automatic control downlink communication device 3 includes a control module 301, an electronically controlled valve 302, a sealing tank 303, a nitrogen bag 304 and a small mud pump 305. The module 301 is electrically connected with the electric control valve 302 and the small mud pump 305 respectively, the outlet of the main mud pump 2, the inlet of the electric control valve 302 and the inlet of the drilling rig 4 are connected through the first three-way mud pipeline 7, and the electric control valve The outlet 302, the inlet 303 of the sealed tank and the inlet of the small mud pump 305 are connected through the second three-way mud pipeline 8. A nitrogen bag 304 is arranged in the sealed tank 303, and the outlet of the small mud pump 305 passes through the inlet of the drilling rig 4. The second mud pipeline 9 is connected and the second mud pipeline 9 is connected with the first three-way mud pipeline 7. The outlet of the drilling rig 4 is connected with a drilling string 10 and the lower part of the drilling string 10 extends into the wellbore. A wellbore annulus 12 is formed between the outer side of the column 10 and the inner wall of the wellbore. The downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment 5 is arranged at the lower part of the drilling string 10. A drill bit 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the drilling string 10. The wellbore annulus 12 passes through the The third mud pipeline 13 communicates with the mud tank 1 .

Here, the electric control valve 302, the sealing tank 303 and the small mud pump 305 are connected through the second three-way mud pipeline 8, and the drilling circulating mud can be introduced into the sealing tank 303, and the drilling circulating mud can also be pressed into the small mud pump. After the mud pump 305, it enters the drilling rig 4 through the second mud pipeline 9 and the first three-way mud pipeline 7 in sequence.

The control module 301 can control the operation and stop of the electric control valve 302 and the small mud pump 305; when the control module 301 sends out a signal, the electric control valve 302 is opened, and due to the effect of pressure, the drilling circulating mud sprayed from the main mud pump 2 is The second three-way mud pipeline 8 enters the airtight tank 303, and at this moment the nitrogen bag 304 is compressed to store energy; after the pressure in the circulation system of the entire programmable automatic control downstream communication device is balanced, the control module 301 controls the electric The control valve 302 is closed, the small mud pump 305 is opened, and the energy stored in the nitrogen bag 304 is used to transfer the drilling circulation mud into the drilling rig 4 through the second mud pipeline 9 and the first three-way mud pipeline 7 in sequence, and the drilling circulation mud enters the Downhole, through this operation, a flow pulse signal is formed downhole; the flow pulse signal can be encoded on the surface and decoded downhole, so as to obtain the command data sent from the ground to the downhole. The control module 301 here can be controlled by computer programming to realize remote control on the ground. The nitrogen bag 304 is installed in the airtight tank 303 and can be compressed and released.

According to actual needs, the above-mentioned programmable automatic control downlink communication device can be further optimized or/and improved:

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the above-mentioned downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment 5 is a flow measuring instrument or a pressure detector or a turbine.

According to requirements, the downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment 5 is a turbine generator, and a measuring terminal is provided at the three-phase output end of the generator, and the measuring terminal measures the frequency signal of the generator.

As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the electric control valve 302 is an electric control pneumatic three-way valve.

Embodiment 2: As shown in accompanying drawings 1 and 2, the downlink signal transmission method of the programmable automatic control downlink communication device includes the following steps:

In the first step, when it is necessary to send instructions or data downhole, the main mud pump 2 is turned on, and the drilling circulating mud enters the electric valve 302 from the mud tank 1 through the main mud pump 2, and the control module 301 controls the opening of the inlet of the electric control valve 302 , closing and opening degree;

In the second step, open the electric control valve 302 through the control module 301 to introduce the drilling circulation mud into the airtight tank 303, and the drilling circulation mud compresses the nitrogen bag 304 in the airtight tank 303, and the drilling circulation mud in the airtight tank 303 becomes more and more Many, the flow and pressure of the mud in the closed tank 303 change, so that the closed tank 303 forms a high-pressure zone, and the drilling circulation mud is pressed out from the closed tank 303 and enters the small mud pump 305 through the second three-way mud pipeline 8;

In the third step, the control module 301 controls the opening of the small mud pump 305, and the small mud pump 305 presses the drilling circulation mud into the second mud pipeline 9, and the drilling circulation mud flows out of the second mud pipeline 9 and then follows the first three-way mud pipeline 7 Enter the drilling rig 4, and then enter the downhole, and the outflowing drilling circulation mud forms a flow pulse signal downhole;

In the fourth step, the downhole signal receiving and measuring equipment 5 detects the flow pulse signal and decodes it, so as to obtain the data sent by the ground, and ends.

The above technical features constitute the embodiment of the present invention, which has strong adaptability and implementation effect, and non-essential technical features can be increased or decreased according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims (5)

1. one kind is programmable to automatically control downgoing communication device, it is characterised in that including slurry tank, main slush pump, automatically controls down Row communication apparatus, drilling machine and underground signal receive measuring apparatus, and the outlet and the import of main slush pump of slurry tank pass through the first mud Slurry pipeline is connected, and automatically controlling downgoing communication equipment includes control module, electric control valve, hermetically sealed can, nitrogen bag and small-sized mud Stock pump, control module are electrically connected with electric control valve and small-sized mud pump respectively, the outlet of main slush pump, the import of electric control valve with And drilling machine import is connected by first threeway mud line, electric control valve outlet, hermetically sealed can import and the smaller sized shale It is connected between pump inlet by second threeway mud line, nitrogen bag is provided with the hermetically sealed can, small-sized mud pump Outlet is connected with drilling machine import by the second mud line and the second mud line is connected with first threeway mud line, The lower part that well drilling pipe column and well drilling pipe column are connected with the outlet of drilling machine is extended in wellbore, well drilling pipe column outside and bore hole inside wall Between form bore hole annulus, underground signal receives the lower part that measuring apparatus is arranged on well drilling pipe column, consolidates in the bottom of well drilling pipe column Dingan County is equipped with drill bit, and bore hole annulus is connected by the 3rd mud line with slurry tank.

2. according to claim 1 may be programmed automatically controls downgoing communication device, it is characterised in that underground signal, which receives, to be surveyed It is flowmeter or pressure detecting instrument or turbine to measure equipment.

3. according to claim 1 may be programmed automatically controls downgoing communication device, it is characterised in that underground signal, which receives, to be surveyed Amount equipment is turbogenerator, the three-phase output end of generator is provided with measurement terminal, measurement terminal measures the frequency of generator Rate signal.

4. programmable according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 automatically controls downgoing communication device, it is characterised in that electric control valve For electropneumatic triple valve.

5. a kind of may be programmed the downlink signal biography for automatically controlling downgoing communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 Transmission method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

The first step, when that need to send instruction or data to underground, opens main slush pump, drilling circulation mud is from slurry tank through master Slush pump enters in electrically operated valve, and control module controls unlatching, closing and the open degree of electric control valve import；

Second step, opens electric control valve by control module and introduces drilling circulation mud in vapor tight tank, drilling circulation mud pressure Nitrogen bag in contracting vapor tight tank, as the drilling circulation mud entered in vapor tight tank is more and more, the flow of mud in vapor tight tank Change with pressure, vapor tight tank is formed a higher-pressure region, drilling circulation mud passes through second after being extruded from vapor tight tank A threeway mud line enters small-sized mud pump；

3rd step, control module control small-sized mud pump are opened, and drilling circulation mud is pressed into the second mud tube by small-sized mud pump In line, as first threeway mud line enters drilling machine after drilling circulation mud the second mud line of outflow, afterwards into well Under, the drilling circulation mud of outflow forms traffic pulse in underground；

4th step, underground signal receives measuring apparatus and detects the traffic pulse and decode it, so as to obtain ground The data of transmission, terminate.