CN107983746A - A kind of diamond recovery method and device for strengthening displacement reaction - Google Patents
A kind of diamond recovery method and device for strengthening displacement reaction Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- -1 iron Chemical compound 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aqua regia Chemical compound Cl.O[N+]([O-])=O QZPSXPBJTPJTSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种强化置换反应的金刚石回收方法及装置，解决了现行工艺存在污染环境和反应速度慢的问题，其特征为：在非氧化性无机稀酸中添加有机酸，加速铁等金属置换氢的反应，有机酸和无机酸的质量比为：0.005至0.05，混酸pH为2.5‑0.5，优选值为1.5；并采用反应液循环不断地冲刷置换反应表面，强化上述置换反应；用产生的氢气作热源，加热反应液，用提高反应温度的措施，进一步强化上述置换反应。本发明的有益效果是：设备投资少，环境污染小，操作简单，变废为宝。
The invention discloses a diamond recovery method and device for strengthening the replacement reaction, which solves the problems of polluting the environment and slow reaction speed in the current process, and is characterized in that an organic acid is added to a non-oxidizing inorganic dilute acid to accelerate the production of iron and other metals. In the reaction of replacing hydrogen, the mass ratio of organic acid and inorganic acid is: 0.005 to 0.05, the pH of the mixed acid is 2.5-0.5, and the preferred value is 1.5; The hydrogen gas is used as heat source, the reaction solution is heated, and the above-mentioned displacement reaction is further strengthened by means of increasing the reaction temperature. The beneficial effects of the invention are: less equipment investment, less environmental pollution, simple operation, and turning waste into wealth.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及选择性溶解废弃切割、磨削和钻孔等工具中金属结合剂的金刚石回收方法，尤其涉及强化置换反应的金刚石回收方法及装置。The invention relates to a diamond recovery method for selectively dissolving metal binders in waste cutting, grinding and drilling tools, in particular to a diamond recovery method and device for strengthening replacement reactions.
背景技术Background technique
金刚石是自然界中天然存在的最坚硬的物质，广泛应用于地质钻探以及大理石等硬脆材料的切割、磨削和钻孔等加工。人造金刚石业的兴起，带来了石材加工业的迅猛发展。我国是金刚石和金刚石工具生产使用大国，每年消耗大量的金刚石，也产生大量的金刚石废品。金刚石废品中除了含有昂贵的金刚石颗粒以外，还含有一些具有很高回收利用价值的物质（如碳化钨、铜、钴、镍等）。因此，对金刚石废品的回收利用是十分有意义的。Diamond is the hardest substance naturally occurring in nature. It is widely used in geological drilling and cutting, grinding and drilling of hard and brittle materials such as marble. The rise of the artificial diamond industry has brought about the rapid development of the stone processing industry. my country is a big country in the production and use of diamonds and diamond tools. It consumes a large amount of diamonds every year and produces a large amount of diamond waste products. In addition to expensive diamond particles, diamond waste products also contain some substances with high recycling value (such as tungsten carbide, copper, cobalt, nickel, etc.). Therefore, the recycling of diamond waste is very meaningful.
现行金刚石废品的回收方法主要是用王水或硝酸溶解金属结合剂，过滤得金刚石颗粒。但王水或硝酸溶解金刚石废品过程中，产生大量氧化氮有害气体和废水，污染环境，对人体健康有害。可以选择无氧化性稀酸选择性溶解金刚石废品中比铜活泼的铁等金属，但铁置换氢的反应速度太慢，几乎无工业生产的价值。The current recycling method of diamond waste products is mainly to dissolve the metal binder with aqua regia or nitric acid, and filter to obtain diamond particles. However, during the process of dissolving diamond waste products with aqua regia or nitric acid, a large amount of nitrogen oxide harmful gas and waste water are produced, which pollutes the environment and is harmful to human health. Non-oxidizing dilute acid can be selected to selectively dissolve iron and other metals that are more active than copper in diamond waste products, but the reaction speed of iron replacing hydrogen is too slow, and it has almost no value for industrial production.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于针对现有的金刚石回收方法中存在的缺点，提供一种既不产生有害气，也不排放废水的强化置换反应的金刚石回收方法及装置。The object of the present invention is to provide a diamond recovery method and device that neither produces harmful gas nor discharges waste water and strengthens the replacement reaction against the shortcomings of existing diamond recovery methods.
本发明一种强化置换反应的金刚石回收方法及装置，其特征为：在非氧化性无机稀酸中添加有机酸，加速铁等金属置换氢的反应，有机酸和无机酸的质量比为：0.005至0.05，混酸pH为2.5-0.5，优选值为1.5；并采用反应液循环不断地冲刷置换反应表面，强化上述置换反应；用产生的氢气作热源，加热反应液，用提高反应温度的措施，进一步强化上述置换反应；还用氢气作热源蒸发浓缩反应液，生产无机盐；添加的有机酸在反应过程中被分解，对无机盐产品质量无影响。A diamond recovery method and device for strengthening displacement reaction of the present invention is characterized in that: organic acid is added to non-oxidizing inorganic dilute acid to accelerate the reaction of iron and other metals replacing hydrogen, and the mass ratio of organic acid to inorganic acid is: 0.005 To 0.05, the pH of the mixed acid is 2.5-0.5, and the preferred value is 1.5; and the reaction solution circulation is used to continuously wash the replacement reaction surface, and the above-mentioned replacement reaction is strengthened; the hydrogen gas produced is used as a heat source, and the reaction solution is heated, and the reaction temperature is increased. The above replacement reaction is further strengthened; hydrogen is also used as a heat source to evaporate and concentrate the reaction solution to produce inorganic salts; the added organic acid is decomposed during the reaction process, which has no effect on the quality of inorganic salt products.
一种强化置换反应的金刚石回收装置，它是由强化塔、氢气锅炉、分步冷却沉淀池、配料池和泵组成，强化塔顶设加料盖，内置金刚石废品，强化塔底部侧壁，金刚石废品下方设置气体连通管，气体连通管下端接氢气锅炉上部，强化塔底部侧壁，气体连通管下方设置液体连通管，液体连通管下端接氢气锅炉上部，强化塔底部设置取料口，强化塔顶部侧壁设置氢气管，氢气管下端接氢气锅炉燃烧室，氢气锅炉下端设置带排液阀的排液管，侧壁设置溢流管，溢流管下端接分步冷却沉淀池，沉淀池液可溢流到配料池，在溢流管上引出带调节阀的调节管，调节管下端接配料池，配料池中上部侧壁接泵进口管，泵出口管接强化塔顶喷头。A diamond recovery device that strengthens the displacement reaction, which is composed of a strengthening tower, a hydrogen boiler, a step-by-step cooling sedimentation tank, a batching tank and a pump. A gas connecting pipe is arranged at the bottom, the lower end of the gas connecting pipe is connected to the upper part of the hydrogen boiler, and the side wall at the bottom of the strengthening tower is set. A hydrogen pipe is arranged on the side wall, and the lower end of the hydrogen pipe is connected to the combustion chamber of the hydrogen boiler. It overflows to the batching tank, and the regulating pipe with the regulating valve is led out from the overflow pipe.
本发明的有益效果是：设备投资少，环境污染小，操作简单，变废为宝。The beneficial effects of the invention are: less equipment investment, less environmental pollution, simple operation, and turning waste into wealth.
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.
图中：1为喷头，2为金刚石废品，3为强化塔，4为气体连通管，5为取料口，6为液体连通管，7为氢气锅炉，8为排液阀，9为调节阀，10为溢流管，11为分步冷却沉淀池，12为配料池，13为泵，14为加料盖。In the figure: 1 is the nozzle, 2 is the diamond waste, 3 is the strengthening tower, 4 is the gas connecting pipe, 5 is the feeding port, 6 is the liquid connecting pipe, 7 is the hydrogen boiler, 8 is the liquid discharge valve, and 9 is the regulating valve , 10 is an overflow pipe, 11 is a step-by-step cooling sedimentation tank, 12 is a batching tank, 13 is a pump, and 14 is a feeding cover.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
一种强化置换反应的金刚石回收装置，它是由强化塔3、氢气锅炉7、分步冷却沉淀池11、配料池12和泵13组成，强化塔3顶设加料盖14，内置金刚石废料2，强化塔3底部侧壁，金刚石废料2下方设置气体连通管4，气体连通管4下端接氢气锅炉7上部，气体连通管4下方设置液体连通管6，液体连通管6下端接氢气锅炉7上部，强化塔3底部设置取料口5，强化塔3顶部侧壁设置氢气管，氢气管下端接氢气锅炉7燃烧室，氢气锅炉7下端设置带排液阀8的排液管，侧壁设置溢流管10，溢流管10下端接分步冷却沉淀池11，沉淀池11液可溢流到配料池12，在溢流管10上引出带调节阀9的调节管，调节管下端接配料池12，配料池12中上部侧壁接泵13进口管，泵13出口管接强化塔3顶喷头1。A diamond recovery device for strengthening displacement reaction, which is composed of strengthening tower 3, hydrogen boiler 7, step-by-step cooling sedimentation tank 11, batching tank 12 and pump 13, the strengthening tower 3 is topped with a feeding cover 14, and diamond waste 2 is built in, Strengthen the bottom side wall of the tower 3, set the gas communication pipe 4 under the diamond waste 2, the lower end of the gas communication pipe 4 is connected to the upper part of the hydrogen boiler 7, the lower part of the gas communication pipe 4 is provided with the liquid communication pipe 6, and the lower end of the liquid communication pipe 6 is connected to the upper part of the hydrogen boiler 7, The bottom of the strengthening tower 3 is provided with a feed port 5, and the side wall of the top of the strengthening tower 3 is provided with a hydrogen pipe. The lower end of the hydrogen pipe is connected to the combustion chamber of the hydrogen boiler 7. Pipe 10, the lower end of the overflow pipe 10 is connected to the step-by-step cooling sedimentation tank 11, the liquid in the sedimentation tank 11 can overflow to the batching tank 12, and the regulating pipe with the regulating valve 9 is drawn from the overflow pipe 10, and the lower end of the regulating pipe is connected to the batching tank 12 , the upper side wall of the batching tank 12 is connected to the inlet pipe of the pump 13, and the outlet pipe of the pump 13 is connected to the nozzle 1 on the top of the strengthening tower 3.
实施本发明专利的操作步骤如下：The operation steps of implementing the patent of the present invention are as follows:
1）用有机酸和无机酸质量比为：0.005至0.05的混酸充满取料池、氢气锅炉7、沉淀池11和配料池12；1) Fill the reclaiming tank, the hydrogen boiler 7, the settling tank 11 and the batching tank 12 with a mixed acid with a mass ratio of organic acid and inorganic acid of 0.005 to 0.05;
2）将强化塔3内填满金刚石废品2，盖上加料盖14；2) Fill the strengthening tower 3 with diamond waste 2, and cover the feeding cover 14;
3）启动泵13，将配料池12的混酸送到强化塔3顶，经喷头1喷淋，再经金刚石废品2表面，流淌到取料池，溢流到氢气锅炉7，再溢流到沉淀池11，最后流回配料池12，不断循环；3) Start the pump 13, send the mixed acid in the batching tank 12 to the top of the strengthening tower 3, spray it through the nozzle 1, and then flow through the surface of the diamond waste 2 to the reclaiming tank, overflow to the hydrogen boiler 7, and then overflow to the sediment Pond 11, finally flows back batching pool 12, constantly circulates;
4）当金刚石废品2中的铁等活泼金属置换出的氢气充满管路系统，送到氢气锅炉炉膛，采用安全方式点火，加热循环反应液；4) When the hydrogen gas replaced by active metals such as iron in the diamond waste 2 is filled with the pipeline system, it is sent to the furnace of the hydrogen boiler, ignited in a safe way, and the reaction liquid is heated and circulated;
5）开启调节阀9，将热液直接送到配料池12；5) Open the regulating valve 9, and send the hot liquid directly to the batching pool 12;
6）当氢气锅炉7产生大量蒸汽，使取料池循环反应液的温度升到90℃时，关闭调节阀9；6) When the hydrogen boiler 7 generates a large amount of steam, and the temperature of the circulating reaction liquid in the reclaiming tank rises to 90°C, close the regulating valve 9;
7）定期向强化塔3补充金刚石废品2，从取料池中捞取金刚石颗粒和铜粉，从沉淀池11中捞取铁盐固体，向配料池12中不断补充无机酸和有机酸,使循环液pH为2.5-0.5，优选值为1.5，有机酸和无机酸质量比为：0.005至0.05。7) Regularly replenish diamond waste 2 to the strengthening tower 3, take diamond particles and copper powder from the retrieving pond, take iron salt solids from the sedimentation pond 11, and continuously replenish inorganic acid and organic acid to the batching pond 12, so that the circulating liquid The pH is 2.5-0.5, preferably 1.5, and the mass ratio of organic acid to inorganic acid is 0.005 to 0.05.
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| CN105883792A (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2016-08-24 | 曾舟华 | Method for recovering diamond by gas-liquid-solid phase method |
| CN205289116U (en) * | 2015-12-28 | 2016-06-08 | 富耐克超硬材料股份有限公司 | Polycrystalline diamond compact belt cleaning device |
| CN205634901U (en) * | 2016-05-12 | 2016-10-12 | 黄冈师范学院 | Retrieve device of diamond |
| CN106947869A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-07-14 | 周小纯 | A method for comprehensive recovery of waste iron-based diamond tools |
| CN207592421U (en) * | 2017-11-28 | 2018-07-10 | 黄冈师范学院 | A kind of diamond retracting device for strengthening displacement reaction |
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Application publication date: 20180504 |