CN107974569A - A kind of preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules Download PDFInfo
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- CN107974569A CN107974569A CN201710568284.8A CN201710568284A CN107974569A CN 107974569 A CN107974569 A CN 107974569A CN 201710568284 A CN201710568284 A CN 201710568284A CN 107974569 A CN107974569 A CN 107974569A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1005—Pretreatment of the non-metallic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0005—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules.Using combustion synthesis method and conventional casting technologies, TiC and Al is prepared2O3Two-component particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites, wherein Al2O3Size is 0.5 ~ 1 μm, and TiC sizes are 100 ~ 200nm, and total content is in 1 ~ 3wt.%.Processing step is as follows：（1）By nano-diamond powder, Al powder and TiO2Powder carries out high-energy ball milling, and prefabricated section is cold-pressed into after mixing；（2）Prefabricated section carries out combustion reaction, and acquisition contains TiC and Al2O3The intermediate alloy of particle；（3）Intermediate alloy is dissolved in aluminum melt, refining, degasification, cast after mechanical agitation, you can obtains TiC and Al2O3Aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules.TiC and Al in prepared composite material2O3Grain shape rule, be evenly distributed, excellent in mechanical performance good with aluminum substrate interface cohesion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation field of aluminum matrix composite, more particularly to a kind of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules
Preparation method.
Background technology
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material because of high-strength light, heat-resistant antifriction and mechanical property isotropism, aerospace,
The fields such as communications and transportation, Electronic Packaging are widely used.Traditional aluminum matrix composite prepares single particle by additional method mostly
Reinforced aluminum matrix composites, due to ceramic particle and aluminum substrate poor compatibility, dispersiveness is difficult, often to the performance of matrix alloy
Lifted limited；In addition, outer addition complex process, cost is higher, hinders the popularization and application of aluminum matrix composite.Interior life mixes
Grain can improve the deficiency of application process, meanwhile, various reinforcing material heterogeneitys are complementary to one another, produce confounding effect, can
Further improve the performance of material.
At present, the research both at home and abroad for aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules has more report.Chinese patent
201410298505.0 it is based on Al-KBF4-K2ZrF6System, and N is passed through into aluminum melt2, prepare ZrB2+ AlN miscellaneous granules
Reinforced aluminum matrix composites.Chinese patent 200510028210.2 is then based on Al-KBF4-K2ZrF6System, equally into aluminum melt
It is passed through N2, prepare TiB2+ AlN aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules.Chinese patent 200610088368.3 utilizes sonicating
Learn and accelerate and control reaction in-situ process, prepare nanometer (ZrB2+Al2O3+Al3Zr) aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules.
From the point of view of industrialization angle, above method still suffers from following deficiency：1）Long-time high temperature.Inorganic salts and molten aluminum react, and one
As require melt temperature to be superheated to 850 ~ 900 DEG C, reaction continues 30 ~ 50min, this is easy to cause molten aluminum air-breathing, oxidation, alloy member
The problems such as biscuiting is damaged；2）Pollute environment.A large amount of smog and accessory substance are discharged during inorganic salt reaction, often there is higher corruption
Corrosion, severe operational environment；3）Extra input.The realization in ultrasound and magnetic field is, it is necessary to additionally purchase relevant device, operation and maintenance
It is costly.Therefore, on the basis of original smelting equipment, how efficiently, environmental protection, low cost prepare aluminum-base nano composite material
To promoting its industrialization process most important.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules
Preparation method.The technological operation is simple, inexpensive, pollution-free and be suitable for large-scale industrial production..
Technical solution provided by the invention is：
A kind of preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules is as follows using step：
（1）By nano-diamond powder, Al powder and TiO2Powder carries out high-energy ball milling, and prefabricated section is cold-pressed into after mixing；
（2）Prefabricated section carries out combustion reaction, and acquisition contains TiC and Al2O3The intermediate alloy of particle；
（3）Intermediate alloy is dissolved in aluminum melt, refining, degasification, cast after mechanical agitation, you can obtains TiC and Al2O3Mix
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material, wherein Al2O3Size is 0.5 ~ 1 μm, and TiC sizes are 100 ~ 200nm, total content 1 ~
3wt.%。
Wherein step（1）The composition proportion of middle prefabricated section is：Aluminium powder mass percent is 50 ~ 70%, bortz powder：TiO2
Powder atomic ratio=1:1~1:0.7, bortz powder average-size is 100nm, and Al powder average-size is at 50 ~ 100 μm, TiO2Powder is averaged
Size is at 20 ~ 50 μm.
Wherein step（1）Middle milling parameters are：Ratio of grinding media to material 10:1~20:1,400 ~ 800rpm of rotating speed, Ball-milling Time 12
~24h；
Wherein step（1）The density of middle cold pressing prefabricated section is the 40 ~ 60% of mixed powder solid density.
Wherein step（2）The combustion reaction of middle prefabricated section carries out in atmosphere, and mode of igniting is laser, tungsten filament or high frequency sense
Answer one kind in stove.
Wherein step（3）Middle aluminium is fine aluminium, the casting alloy such as Al-Si, Al-Cu or 1 system ~ 7 are wrought aluminium alloy, melt temperature
Spend for 720 ~ 800 DEG C.
Wherein step（3）Middle mechanical agitation selects graphite rotator, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 400rpm, 5 ~ 10min of time, with after-blow
Argon gas refining, 5 ~ 10min of degasification.
It is of the invention to be had the characteristics that compared with current existing technology：1）Using nano-diamond powder as carbon source, drop
Low prefabricated section ignition temperature and system heat release so that TiC and Al in combustion product2O3Grain shape rule, size uniformity；2）In
Between alloy can be dissolved in conventional smelting temperature, technique is simple；3）Sub-micron Al2O3It is pure with nano-TiC particle surface, in aluminium
It is uniformly dispersed in melt, interface bond strength is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of intermediate alloy in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the XRD spectrums of intermediate alloy in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is 3wt.% (TiC- Al in embodiment 12O3The stereoscan photograph of)/Al composite materials.
Fig. 4 is 0.5wt.% (TiC- Al in embodiment 12O3The high power stereoscan photograph of)/6061Al composite materials.
Fig. 5 is 0.5wt.% (TiC- Al in embodiment 22O3The low power stereoscan photograph of)/6061Al composite materials.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Embodiment 1
2wt.%(TiC+ Al2O3The preparation method of)/Al composite materials, step are as follows：
（1）Nano-diamond powder is matched in proportion（100nm）, Al powder（50μm）And TiO2Powder（20μm）, wherein bortz powder：
TiO2Powder atomic ratio=1:0.8, aluminium powder mass percent is 70%；By powder with ratio of grinding media to material 8 on planetary ball mill:1, rotating speed
400rpm mixing 24h；Appropriate mixing powder is taken, is pressed into base at room temperature, its density is the 55% of mixed powder solid density；
（2）Prefabricated section uses laser-induced combustion in atmosphere, is obtained after product cooling and contains TiC and Al2O3Intermediate alloy；Fig. 1
Give stereoscan photograph, find two-component particle shape rounding in intermediate alloy, size uniformity, TiC in 100 ~ 200nm,
Al2O3At 0.5 ~ 1 μm；Fig. 2 is that the XRD of intermediate alloy is composed, it was demonstrated that combustion reaction is complete, and two-component particle purity is high, and free from admixture is mutually deposited
；
（3）By business aluminium ingot（99.7wt.%）Graphite crucible is placed in, 750 DEG C are heated in well formula resistance furnace；Press（TiC+
Al2O3）：Al mass ratio=1:50 calculate intermediate alloy used, the intermediate alloy of weighing are dissolved in molten aluminum, while use graphite
Rotor stirs 10min, subsequent blowing argon gas refining, degasification 3min with rotating speed 400rpm；It is disposed, by materials cast with composite paste in advance
The swage of 200 DEG C of heat, that is, obtain 2wt.% (TiC+ Al2O3)/Al composite materials；Scanning electron microscopic observation result（Fig. 3）Show, two
First particle dispersion is distributed in aluminum substrate, good with aluminum substrate interface cohesion.
Embodiment 2
0.5wt.% (TiC+ Al2O3The preparation method of)/6061Al composite materials, step are as follows：
（1）Nano-diamond powder is matched in proportion（100nm）, Al powder（100μm）And TiO2Powder（20μm）, wherein bortz powder：
TiO2Powder atomic ratio=1:0.8, aluminium powder mass percent is 80%；By powder with ratio of grinding media to material 15 on planetary ball mill:1, turn
Fast 300rpm mixing 12h；Appropriate mixing powder is taken, is pressed into base at room temperature, its density is mixed powder solid density
50%；
（2）Prefabricated section is ignited using coreless induction furnace in atmosphere, is obtained after product cooling and is contained TiC and Al2O3Intermediate alloy；
（3）6061Al ingot castings are placed in graphite crucible, 780 DEG C are heated in well formula resistance furnace；Press（TiC+ Al2O3）：Al matter
Measure ratio=1:200 calculate intermediate alloy used, the intermediate alloy of weighing are dissolved in molten aluminum, while use graphite rotator with rotating speed
200rpm stirs 5min, subsequent blowing argon gas refining, degasification 5min；It is disposed, by materials cast with composite paste to the iron for preheating 200 DEG C
Mould, that is, obtain 0.5wt.% (TiC+ Al2O3)/6061Al composite materials；Different multiples scanning electron microscope（Fig. 4 and Fig. 5）Observation knot
Fruit shows, two-component particle Dispersed precipitate is and good with aluminum substrate interface cohesion in aluminum substrate.
The above-mentioned embodiment technical solution that the invention is not limited in any way, it is every to use equivalent substitution or wait
The mode of effect conversion obtains technical solution and all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules, it is characterised in that as follows using step：
（1）By nano-diamond powder, Al powder and TiO2Powder carries out high-energy ball milling, and prefabricated section is cold-pressed into after mixing；
（2）Prefabricated section carries out combustion reaction, and acquisition contains TiC and Al2O3The intermediate alloy of particle；
（3）Intermediate alloy is dissolved in aluminum melt, refining, degasification, cast after mechanical agitation, you can obtains TiC and Al2O3Mix
Particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material；Wherein Al2O3Size is 0.5 ~ 1 μm, and TiC sizes are 100 ~ 200nm, total content 1 ~
3wt.%。
A kind of 2. preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（1）The composition proportion of middle prefabricated section is：Aluminium powder mass percent is 50 ~ 70%, bortz powder：TiO2Powder atomic ratio=1:1~1:
0.7, bortz powder average-size is 100nm, and Al powder average-size is at 50 ~ 100 μm, TiO2Powder average-size is at 20 ~ 50 μm.
A kind of 3. preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（1）Middle milling parameters are：Ratio of grinding media to material 10:1~20:1,400 ~ 800rpm of rotating speed, 12 ~ 24h of Ball-milling Time.
A kind of 4. preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（1）The density of middle cold pressing prefabricated section is the 40 ~ 60% of mixed powder solid density.
A kind of 5. preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（2）The combustion reaction of middle prefabricated section carries out in atmosphere, and mode of igniting is one kind in laser, tungsten filament or Efco-Northrup furnace.
A kind of 6. preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（3）Middle aluminium is wrought aluminium alloy for fine aluminium or Al-Si casting alloys or Al-Cu casting alloys or 1 system ~ 7, and melt temperature is
720~800℃。
A kind of 7. preparation method of aluminium based composite material enhanced by miscellaneous granules according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step
Suddenly（3）Middle mechanical agitation selects graphite rotator, and rotating speed is 200 ~ 400rpm, and 5 ~ 10min of the time, subsequent blowing argon gas refine, degasification 5
~10min。
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109609814A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-12 | 吉林大学 | A kind of dual-scale ceramic particles mixed with high elastic modulus and high strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN110042280A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-07-23 | 山东大学 | A kind of in-situ endogenic multiphase particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites and preparation method thereof |
| CN112626367A (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2021-04-09 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Preparation method of nano alumina particle reinforced aluminum-copper alloy composite material |
| CN115612913A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-17 | 桂林理工大学 | A preparation method of TiO2 nanoparticles reinforced hot-rolled steel bar |
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| CN112626367B (en) * | 2021-01-06 | 2022-01-11 | 山东省科学院新材料研究所 | Preparation method of nano-alumina particle reinforced aluminum-copper alloy composite material |
| CN115612913A (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-01-17 | 桂林理工大学 | A preparation method of TiO2 nanoparticles reinforced hot-rolled steel bar |
| CN115612913B (en) * | 2022-10-20 | 2023-11-21 | 桂林理工大学 | TiO (titanium dioxide) 2 Preparation method of nanoparticle reinforced hot rolled steel bar |
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Application publication date: 20180501 |