CN107957948A - A kind of user interface automatic test device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of user interface automatic test device and method, including test case module, testing control module and testing tool module；The test case module is used to write dependence test use-case according to ui testing content design and create ui testing object retrieval table, the retrieval table of the test object is stored in database, is accessed for testing control module and testing tool module to retrieval table reading；The testing control module is used for database manipulation, the processing of test data and the transmission of test data in control user interface automatic test process；The testing tool module is used to perform automatic test task, and interacting for test data is carried out with testing control module.

Description

A user interface automated testing device and method

technical field

The invention relates to the field of automatic testing, in particular to a user interface automatic testing device and method.

Background technique

User interface testing (UI testing) is used to test whether the functions of the user interface meet the standards. The functional standards of the user interface include: whether the layout of the functional modules is reasonable, whether the overall style is consistent, whether the placement of each control is in line with customer usage habits, etc. .

The automated testing of the user interface is to simulate the human UI operation by the machine to carry out the automated testing process. UI automation tests mostly use id, name, class name and other positioning methods. Since the interface changes frequently and there are a large number of element operations on the front end, a large number of operation codes are correspondingly required for maintenance. The proportion of automated software testing in software product testing is gradually increasing, showing the importance of automated testing in improving the efficiency of software testing and saving costs. But among all kinds of automated testing, UI automated testing is the most unstable, the most difficult to write test cases, and the most expensive way to maintain.

A slight change in a user interface node in the existing technology may cause the automation tool to fail to recognize the UI control, and all test cases that use this control need to be updated. It is a lot of work to find and replace and ensure that there are no replacement errors. The positioning expressions of the same element are different, which may lead to multiple modifications in the test script, or even the omission of some changes, making the maintenance of the test script time-consuming and labor-intensive. Therefore, how to conduct efficient user interface automation testing in automated testing is an urgent problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a user interface automatic testing device and method, which can efficiently and reliably test the user interface.

Technical task of the present invention is realized in the following manner:

The embodiment of the present invention provides a user interface automatic testing device, including a test case module, a test control module and a test tool module; the test case module is used to design and write related test cases and create user interface test objects according to the user interface test content A retrieval table, the retrieval table of the test object is stored in the database, and is used for the test control module and the test tool module to access and read the retrieval table; the test control module is used to control the database operation in the user interface automation test process, Processing of test data and transmission of test data; the test tool module is used to execute automated test tasks and interact with test data with the test control module.

Further, the test case module includes a test case writing unit, a test request generation unit, and a retrieval table setting unit; the test case writing unit is used to write and design test cases according to the actual needs of user interface automation testing; the test request generation The unit is used to generate the test request of the user interface; the retrieval table setting unit is used to generate and manage the retrieval table of the user interface test object.

Further, the test case writing unit can write the test script in layers, and write it as an interface element index layer, an interface element positioning encapsulation layer, an element basic operation encapsulation layer, and a test step writing layer, wherein the interface element index layer will The positioning expressions of interface elements are stored separately as an interface element index library; the interface element positioning encapsulation layer locates and encapsulates page elements according to interface classification; the element basic operation encapsulation layer realizes the basic operations of interface elements ; The test step writing layer is used to assemble and combine the basic operations of the interface elements.

Further, the test control module includes a test control unit, a continuous integration unit, and a data reading unit; the test control unit is used to control the transmission and processing of test data; the continuous integration unit is used to centralize the test code Go to the main test program to complete the compilation, packaging and testing of the automatic calling program project; the data reading unit is used to read the retrieval table of the user interface test object.

Further, the continuous integration unit regularly obtains new codes from svn through the jenkins continuous integration tool, and executes the automated test code through the ant tool.

Further, the test tool module includes a drive script unit, a test execution module and a page control module; the drive script unit is used to provide a drive script for user interface automation testing; the test execution module is used to execute the page or control in the user interface. Automated testing; the page control module is used to retrieve and process page elements or control elements in the user interface.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a user interface automated testing method, the method comprising the following steps:

S1, the test case module writes and designs test cases according to test requirements and creates a test object retrieval table;

S2, the test case module generates a user interface test request, and the test control module controls the database operation related to the retrieval table, the processing of test data and the transmission of test data;

S3, the test tool module executes automated test tasks, and tests the page elements or control elements in the user interface through the retrieval table;

S4, the test tool module feeds back the test result and outputs a test report.

Further, creating the test object retrieval table in step S1 refers to establishing the corresponding relationship between the page identifier, the control identifier and the description information data of the control in the user interface and generating the retrieval table, and then the retrieval is performed by the test control module and the test tool module The table is accessed and read, and the test object in the user interface is found for testing.

Further, the corresponding relationship between the page identifier, the control identifier and the description information data of the control in the user interface is stored in a control tree structure.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. In the automated test of the user interface, the present invention selects the test case module, the test control module and the test tool module to implement the test so that the test scripts can be mapped and managed in layers, which is clear and easy to maintain.

2. The present invention proposes an automated testing method based on a layered test object retrieval table, which handles exceptions to controls, reduces repeated codes in automated testing, improves testing efficiency, and improves stability in automated testing.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of device embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides specific embodiments for realizing the devices and methods of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can more clearly understand how to realize the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals or letters in different examples. This repetition is for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques and processes are omitted herein to avoid unnecessarily limiting the present invention. It should be understood that although the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments thereof, these are illustrative of the embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

Example

As shown in Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of user interface automation test device, described device comprises test case module, test control module and test tool module; Described test case module is used for according to user interface test content design Write relevant test cases and create a user interface test object retrieval table, the retrieval table of the test object is stored in the database, and is used for the test control module and the test tool module to access and read the retrieval table; the test control module is used to control The user interface automates database operations, test data processing, and test data transmission in the process of automated testing; the test tool module is used to execute automated test tasks and interact with test data with the test control module.

The test case design of the user interface is to split several different test points in a test case and encapsulate the test steps of a single point to form a module. For example: a test case needs to test a login program, including: user name input, password input, and confirm login; then the four operations of user name input, password input, confirm login, and cancel login can be encapsulated in four in a different module. When testing, just call its module. In this way, when a module changes, you only need to maintain that module separately, and you can also combine different test cases according to different modules.

The retrieval table is a kind of data oriented to user interface objects. For example, in QTP and RFT, the object can be a piece of data or a retrieval table. To capture an object, its test object can be encapsulated into a retrieval table, that is, the gui can be The elements are encapsulated into retrieval tables, so that various operations can be performed on its key objects, and different objects can drive different test flows and results.

A simple application method can use an EXCEL table, which includes "object type", "object name", "object operation name", "judgment method" and "expected result". In this case, a test case table can be constructed by importing different user interface object types and names, and different object operations.

The test case module includes a test case writing unit, a test request generating unit, and a retrieval table setting unit; the test case writing unit is used to write and design test cases according to the actual needs of the user interface automation test; the test request generating unit is used to generate user The test request of the interface; the retrieval table setting unit is used to generate and manage the retrieval table of the user interface test object.

Test engineers design test cases based on test requirements, generate test case tables driven by retrieval tables, and store them in the database for easy access by control modules and third-party automated testing tools.

The control module is responsible for the operation of the database, test data processing and transmission data control. The control module includes but is not limited to reading data from the database, driving third-party tools to read the retrieval table, driving the execution of test scripts, etc.; the control system includes the control module, the module for reading the retrieval table and the navigation script module. Among them, the control module is transparent to the tester. It is a background module and is responsible for the data transmission control of the entire framework, such as driving third-party automated test tool scripts to read the keyword table and access the database. The test script is responsible for establishing the tree structure of the test retrieval table, which is convenient for the later maintenance of the retrieval table script.

The continuous integration unit uses the jenkins continuous integration tool to regularly obtain new codes from the svn, and executes the automated test codes through the ant tool.

The test tool module executes automated test tasks based on the retrieval table, and the test scripts can be written in layers, including the interface element index layer, the interface element positioning encapsulation layer, the element basic operation encapsulation layer, and the test step writing layer. The index layer stores the positioning expressions of the interface elements separately as an interface element index library; the interface element positioning encapsulation layer locates and encapsulates the page elements according to the interface classification; the element basic operation encapsulation layer realizes the interface The basic operation of elements; the test step writing layer is used to assemble and combine the basic operations of interface elements and complete the test steps.

For example, write a web page element index library to obtain positioning expressions of elements required for web page operations, which may include id positioning, css positioning or XPath positioning. Store all positioning expressions in a unified text document to facilitate superstructure calls. The text format can use the method of "element name-positioning expression type-specific positioning expression" to indicate which positioning method to use and the specific content of the positioning expression.

After compiling the web page element index library, classify the elements according to different pages, and use the positioning commands actually used by the test tool to locate the elements. Each page is saved as a separate program file, and all the files used in this page are located in the file. The received elements are used as public variables to facilitate upper-layer calls. After completing the webpage element positioning encapsulation layer, the commonly used operation units of webpage elements will be written and encapsulated. Each action is packaged as a separate program file, and the actions are divided into the minimum degree of common operations, such as clicking buttons, clearing and entering text and other web page operations. The completed action is used as a public method for the upper layer to call.

Execute scripts and test: Execute scripts according to test cases, and each use case corresponds to a program file of a test step writing layer.

As shown in Figure 2, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a user interface automated testing method, the method includes the following steps:

S1, the test case module writes and designs test cases according to test requirements and creates a test object retrieval table.

S2, the test case module generates a user interface test request, and the test control module controls the database operation related to the retrieval table, the processing of test data and the transmission of test data.

S3, the test tool module executes automated test tasks, and tests the page elements or control elements in the user interface through the retrieval table.

S4, the test tool module feeds back the test result and outputs a test report.

Creating a test object retrieval table in step S1 refers to establishing the corresponding relationship between the page ID, control ID and description information data of the control in the user interface and generating a retrieval table, and then the test control module and the test tool module access the retrieval table Read, find the test object in the user interface to test.

The corresponding relationship among the page ID, the control ID and the description information data of the control in the user interface is stored in a control tree structure.

In addition, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the process, mechanism, manufacture, material composition, means, method and steps of the specific embodiments described in the specification. From the disclosure of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art will easily understand that for the processes, mechanisms, manufacturing, material compositions, means, methods or steps that currently exist or will be developed in the future, they are implemented in accordance with the present invention Corresponding embodiments described which perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same results may be applied in accordance with the present invention. Therefore, the appended claims of the present invention are intended to include these processes, mechanisms, manufacture, material compositions, means, methods or steps within their protection scope.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of user interface automatic test device, it is characterized in that, including test case module, testing control module and test Tool model, the test case module are used to write dependence test use-case according to ui testing content design and create use Family interface detection object retrieval table, the retrieval table of the test object is stored in database, for testing control module and survey Examination tool model accesses retrieval table reading；The testing control module is used for control user interface automatic test process In database manipulation, the processing of test data and the transmission of test data；The testing tool module is used to perform automatic Change test assignment, interacting for test data is carried out with testing control module.

2. a kind of user interface automatic test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the test case module Unit, test request generation unit, retrieval table setting unit are write including test case, the test case is write unit and is used for According to user interface automatic test actual demand, design test case is write；The test request generation unit is used to generate The test request of user interface；The retrieval table setting unit is used to generate and the retrieval table of managing user interface test object.

3. a kind of user interface automatic test device according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, test case writes unit Layer is write including interface element index level, interface element positioning package layer, elemental basis operation encapsulated layer, testing procedure, wherein The interface element index level, an interface element index database is separately stored as by the localization and expression formula of interface element；It is described Interface element positioning package layer, page elements are positioned and encapsulated according to Interface classification；The elemental basis operation Encapsulated layer, realizes the basic operation of interface element；The testing procedure writes layer, the basic operation to user interface element into Row assembling combination.

4. a kind of user interface automatic test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the testing control module Including unit of testing and controlling, continuous integrating unit, data-reading unit, the unit of testing and controlling is used to control test data Transmission and processing；The continuous integrating unit is used to, test code is focused on trunk test program, complete automation and adjust With the compiling of procedural item, packing and test；The data-reading unit is used for the retrieval table for reading ui testing object.

5. a kind of user interface automatic test device according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, the continuous integrating unit By jenkins continuous integrating instruments, periodically go to obtain fresh code on svn, automatic test code is performed by ant instruments.

6. a kind of user interface automatic test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, testing tool module includes Drive script unit, testing execution module and page control module；

The driving script unit is used for the driving script for providing user interface automatic test；

The testing execution module is used to perform the automatic test of the page or control in user interface；

The page control module is used to retrieve and handle the page elements in user interface or control element.

7. a kind of user interface automated testing method, it is characterized in that, the method comprises the following steps：

S1, test case module write design test case and create test object retrieval table according to testing requirement；

S2, the generation ui testing request of test case module, the operation of testing control module control retrieval table Relational database, The processing of test data and the transmission of test data；

S3, testing tool module perform automatic test task, by retrieving page elements or control in table test user interface Part element；

S4, testing tool module feedback test result, exports test report.

8. a kind of user interface automated testing method according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, test is created in step S1 Object retrieval table refers to establish the corresponding pass between page iden-tity in user interface, control mark and the description information data of control It is and generates retrieval table, then accessed by testing control module and testing tool module to retrieval table reading, finds user circle Test object in face is tested.

9. a kind of user interface automated testing method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, page in the user interface Correspondence between face mark, control mark and the description information data of control is stored with control tree construction.