CN107950326A - A kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 - Google Patents
A kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, it is related to your agricultural technology field；Saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 is the triple crossing saving water, resisting drought rice combination being newly bred as, the drought excellent 73 under Anhui dry planting and dry administration, drought kind water pipe, the different cultivation modes such as water kind drought pipe, show drought resisting, resist, meter You, high yield, stable yields, wide adaptability the advantages that；Pass through seed treatment during plantation, apply fertilizers scientifically, maintain strict control over seeding quality pass, do a good job of it weeding pass, poured key water, integrated pest prevention and control process plantation good quality and high output, the saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 of saving water, resisting drought.
Description
Technical field：
The present invention relates to agricultural technology field, and in particular to a kind of high yield along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73
Cultural method.
Background technology：
Rice is the most important cereal crops in China, and the sustainable development of Rice Production is to ensureing that China's grain security lifts foot
Weight.In recent years, China cultivates large quantities of high yield and high quality new rice varieties, but is accounting for rice and make the middle-and-low-yielding fields of area more than 70%
Actual production in, current many new varieties are difficult to play production-increasing function.Per unit area yield is hovered for a long time, and average per unit area yield is not yet broken through
450 kilograms.On the other hand, China's Rice Production faces the significant challenge of resource environment：The rice pest of getting worse causes
The amount of application of pesticide increases year by year, to ask high yield to cause chemical fertilizer to be seriously excessively used, has not only aggravated the burden of peasant, but also heavy damage
Ecological environment for the survival of mankind；Rice Production accounts for the 50% of China year consumption freshwater resources with water, since water resource is deficient
Weary generally to occur with arid, water resource has become the bottleneck of agricultural development.
" saving water, resisting drought rice " refers to take into account spies such as " Resistant, nutrient efficient utilization, saving water, resisting drought and high yield and high quality " at the same time
Property rice new type, be that upland rice is combined together rice work the advantages of drought-enduring with the high yield and high quality of rice, and economize on resources
Super hybridization rice.Realize that saving water, resisting drought, nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently have a variety of using the multiple gene polymerization with resisting a variety of disease pests, initiative at the same time
The germ plasm resource of good characteristic, cultivates the character such as disease-resistant, pest-resistant, degeneration-resistant, nutrient efficient, high yield, high-quality in the " water-saving anti-of one
Upland rice " new (kind) combination, by experiment, Demonstration And Extension plantation " saving water, resisting drought rice ", promotes actual single in China's Rice Production
The breakthrough of production, realizes in Rice Production the strategic objective of " spraying insecticide less, Shaoshi chemical fertilizer, saving water, resisting drought, good quality and high output ", saves
Pesticide 50%, chemical fertilizer 30%, water-saving more than 30%.It is by the agro-ecology gene of Shanghai City to hybridize saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73
The triple crossing saving water, resisting drought rice combination that the heart, Shanghai Tiangu Biotechnology Co., Ltd. are newly bred as, the combination is in Anhui drought
Under kind of drought pipe, drought kind water pipe, the different cultivation modes such as water kind drought pipe, drought resisting, anti-fall, meter You, high yield, stable yields, suitable is shown
The advantages that Ying Xingguang, pass through Anhui Province's Crop breed audit in 2014.
The content of the invention：
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of height along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73
Cultural method is produced, drought excellent 73 is newly educated by Shanghai City Agricultural biological Gene Center, Shanghai Tiangu Biotechnology Co., Ltd.
Into the combination of triple crossing saving water, resisting drought rice, the drought excellent 73 is in Anhui dry planting and dry administration, drought kind water pipe, water kind drought pipe etc. is different cultivates
Under pattern, the advantages that showing drought resisting, anti-fall, meter You, high yield, stable yields, wide adaptability, pass through Anhui Province crops within 2014
Variety certification.Invention describes the drought excellent 73 along the yield performance in Huaihe River area, resistance, meter Zhi, Other Main Agronomic Characters and
High-yield culture technique.
A kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, including concrete technical scheme are as follows：
1st, excellent 73 feature of drought
1.1 biological characteristics
Drought excellent 73 belongs to triple crossing combination, time of infertility dry planting and dry administration, water kind drought pipe 115-125d, drought kind water pipe 120-
126d；Seedling stage early growth and quick tiller, well developed root system, tillering ability are strong；Plant height 103-125cm, mu effective fringe 16.3-20.6 ten thousand, spike length 20-
25cm, per total grain panicle number 143.6-211.2, setting percentage 81.3-85.5%, mass of 1000 kernel 28-30g.
1.2 botanical character
Plant type is compact, and leaf color is blue or green elegant, and stalk is sturdy and elastic good, resistance to fertile, resistance to lean, and later stage green grass or young crops stalk yellow maturity annesl is good.
1.3 yield show
2011-2012 participates in the examination of upland rice area of Anhui Province, and average yield per mu 472.13kg, relatively compares green non-irrigated No. 1 volume increase
26.47%, up to the pole level of signifiance, Anhui Province's upland rice pilot production in 2013, average yield per mu 478.9kg, relatively compares green non-irrigated No. 1 increasing
Production 11.57%；2011-2013 planted experimentally along Huaihe River area, demonstration plant, performance yielding ability protrude, general per mu yield 450-
600kg, more obvious than the volume increase of same type kind, food flavor is good, and resistance is strong, wide adaptability, deep to be welcome by peasant.
1.4 meters of matter
It is high-quality that national two level is reached through Ministry of Agriculture's rice and quality of item supervisory detection test center inspection result rice quality
Rice standard.
1.5 resistance
Through Shanghai City Agricultural biological Gene Center's drought resistance field test and disease resistance inoculated identification：Drought resistance resists up to 3 grades
It is S2 grades of bacterial leaf-blight, MR1 grades of blast resisting, false smut MR2 grades anti-.
2 high-yield culture techniques
2.1 seed treatment
(1) bask seeds：Select fine day to bask seeds 1-2d before the sowing of non-coated seed, avoid the exposure on cement field.
(2) soak seed：Soaked seed before seed sowing after solarization with 0.2% strong chlorine oil aqueous solution and sterilize 10-15h, with clear water Xian Gan
Only, drying to sow.
(3) seed pelleting：Using upland rice seed-dressing agent special, seed pelleting processing is carried out.
2.2 apply fertilizers scientifically
(1) base manure：Mu is applied, ternary compound fertilizer (N:P2O5：K2Each 15%) 30-40kg of O, zinc sulfate 1.5-2.5kg, root
Increase and decrease according to soil fertility situation.
(2) top dressing：See seedling top dressing, primary tiller fertilizer (after 5 leaves), chases after urea 8-10kg；Second of fringe granulated fertilizer is (pregnant
Ear period-beginning ear period) chase after urea 3-5kg.
2.3 maintain strict control over seeding quality pass
(1) date of seeding：After wheat harvest, grab moisture sowing when robbing, strives sowing before June 8 and terminates, at the latest no more than June 10.
(2) mechanical drilling technology is promoted：Avoid broadcasting sowing and rotation of sowing seeds is broadcast, suppressed after broadcasting, prevent the evaporation of water in soil.
(3) application rate：Regulated and controled according to soil moisture content, per acre with kind of a 2-2.5kg, it is ensured that one broadcasts full seedling, seedling foot, full stand, seedling
It is even.
(4) depth of planting：It should control in 3-5cm, it is optimal with 4cm.
(5) subterranean pest-insect is prevented：Mu mutters red granule with 3% leaf during site preparation or 1.8% Abamectin 2-3kg prevents
Control.
2.4 do a good job of it weeding pass
The excellent 73 high-yield and high-efficiency key technology of saving water, resisting drought rice drought is exactly weeding, and closed soil treatment is crucial, cauline leaf process
Preventing and kill off will in time, and a small amount of malignant weed, which is aided with, manually to be pulled out.
(1) closed soil treatment：Broadcast in rear 1d, mu carries out closed soil treatment with pendimethalin 115-125ml, during spray
Have to accomplish：Water has to be no less than 50kg per acre, and spraying has to uniformly, necessarily be unable to drain spray, respray, spray date
Preferably at dusk.
(2) cauline leaf process：In rice shoot 2.5-3 periods, weeds carried out before 3 leaf phase, and cauline leaf process is no more than twice, per acre
Add fluroxypyr 50g with the good 115-125ml of Han Qiu, be watered 35-45kg even sprayings.
2.5 have poured key water：
It is to obtain the major measure of high-yield and high-efficiency to need the watering of water sensitive phase in saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, saving water, resisting drought rice drought
Excellent 73 key water requirement period is：Emergence water：Soil moisture content deficiency, will irrigate emergence water in time during sowing after broadcasting；Tillering stage：Continuous 10-15d
No rain (broadcasting rear 25-30d), needs to water, and to irrigate soil 2-4cm deep invasions moistening, influences mu spike number to prevent water shortage；Pull out
Save boot stage：Continuous 8-10d needs to water, water shortage influences grain number per spike without rain (broadcasting rear 50d or so)；Heading flowering pollination period：Continuously
5-7d needs to water, is at this time most sensitive period, water shortage influences setting percentage without rain；Pustulation period：Continuous 8-10d needs to water without rain,
Water shortage influences mass of 1000 kernel.
Wherein the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period are needed in saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73
Will spray power-assisted liquid before watering.
The power-assisted liquid is consisting of component：Component A：30-50 parts of water, 1-20 parts of gibberellin, 2-6 parts of yeast extract, egg
White 3-5 parts of peptone, 5-10 parts of glucose, 0.5mg/ml KNO33-6 parts of solution, 0.5mg/mlMgSO41-4 parts of solution, 0.25mg/ml
KH2PO41-3 parts of solution；B component：3-6 parts of Berthelot ' s liquid, 2-5 parts of 8mg/L adenines, NAA1-3 parts of 2mg/L；
Its power-assisted liquid making method is：
(1) component A preparation method is：Adding water in beaker, add yeast extract and peptone, mixing is even,
Be placed on electric furnace and be heated to 60-80 DEG C, stirring 20-30min until solution becomes settled solution, after will to clarify mixed solution cold
But to room temperature, gibberellin, glucose, KNO are added into settled solution3Solution, MgSO4Solution, KH2PO4Solution, is mixed
Uniformly, up to component A；
(2) B component preparation method：Take Berthelot ' s liquid to be placed in beaker, adenine, NAA are added dropwise
In Berthelot ' s liquid beakers, and 80-200rpm/min stirrings at the same time are until solution mixing is complete, up to B component；
(3) by component A and B component according to 5~10:0.5~2 is uniformly mixed, and is to add B component in component A, obtains
Power-assisted liquid mother liquor；
(4) power-assisted liquid mother liquor is distributed into Packaging Bottle, every bottle of 40-100ml, lucifuge, room temperature preservation.
Power-assisted liquid when in use, by power-assisted liquid mother liquor and water according to 1:10~1:25 are diluted, and with saving water, resisting drought
Rice drought excellent 73 is sprayed in water-saving before needing the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period watering with spraying
On excellent 73 blade of drought resisting rice drought and spike of rice, rear interval 1-3 days, then carry out the excellent 73 key water requirement period watering of saving water, resisting drought rice drought.
2.6 integrated pest prevention and control：
(1) Major Pests：Subterranean pest-insect, rice thrips, rice leaf roller, yellow rice borer, planthopper.
(2) Major Diseases：Banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, false smut.
(3) control method：The investigation of field pest and disease damage is carried out, with reference to local insect pests forecasting situation, pesticide species, dosage
Same rice, it should be noted that Control stage and method, emphasis period are the cut phase, promote integrated control.
The beneficial effects are mainly as follows：The hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 of the present invention is in Anhui drought kind drought
Under the different cultivation modes such as pipe, drought kind water pipe, water kind drought pipe, drought resisting, anti-fall, meter You, high yield, stable yields, adaptability are shown
The advantages that wide, while realize that saving water, resisting drought, nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently have more using the multiple gene polymerization with resisting a variety of disease pests, initiative
The germ plasm resource of kind good characteristic, cultivates the character such as disease-resistant, pest-resistant, degeneration-resistant, nutrient efficient, high yield, high-quality in the " water-saving of one
Drought resisting rice " new varieties, " saving water, resisting drought rice " promote the breakthrough of actual per unit area yield in China's Rice Production, realize in Rice Production
The strategic objective of " spraying insecticide less, Shaoshi chemical fertilizer, saving water, resisting drought, green increase ", saves pesticide 50%, chemical fertilizer 30% is water-saving
More than 30%.
Embodiment：
In order to make the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention easy to understand, tie below
Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is further explained.
Embodiment 1：
A kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73；
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, including concrete technical scheme are as follows：
1 excellent 73 feature of drought
1.1 biological characteristics
Drought excellent 73 belongs to triple crossing combination, time of infertility dry planting and dry administration, water kind drought pipe 115-125d；Seedling stage early growth and quick tiller,
Well developed root system, tillering ability are strong；Plant height 103-125cm, mu effective fringe 16.5-20.0 ten thousand, spike length 20-23cm, per total grain panicle number
145-210, setting percentage 81.3-85.5%, mass of 1000 kernel 28-30g.
1.2 botanical character
Plant type is compact, and leaf color is blue or green elegant, and stalk is sturdy and elastic good, resistance to fertile, resistance to lean, and later stage green grass or young crops stalk yellow maturity annesl is good.
1.3 yield show
2011-2012 participates in the examination of upland rice area of Anhui Province, and average yield per mu 472.13kg, relatively compares green non-irrigated No. 1 volume increase
26.47%, up to the pole level of signifiance；2011-2012 planted experimentally along Huaihe River area, demonstration plant, performance yielding ability protrude, general mu
450-600kg is produced, more obvious than the volume increase of same type kind, food flavor is good, and resistance is strong, wide adaptability, deep to be welcome by peasant.
1.4 meters of matter
It is high-quality that national two level is reached through Ministry of Agriculture's rice and quality of item supervisory detection test center inspection result rice quality
Rice standard.
1.5 resistance
Through Shanghai City Agricultural biological Gene Center's drought resistance field test and disease resistance inoculated identification：Drought resistance resists up to 3 grades
It is S2 grades of bacterial leaf-blight, MR1 grades of blast resisting, false smut MR2 grades anti-.
2 high-yield culture techniques
2.1 seed treatment
(1) bask seeds：Select fine day to bask seeds 2d before the sowing of non-coated seed, avoid the exposure on cement field.
(2) soak seed：After solarization seed sowing before with 0.2% strong chlorine oil aqueous solution seed soaking disinfection 10h, with clear water Xian totally,
Drying to sow.
(3) seed pelleting：Using upland rice seed-dressing agent special, seed pelleting processing is carried out.
2.2 apply fertilizers scientifically
(1) base manure：Mu is applied, ternary compound fertilizer 35kg, zinc sulfate 2kg.
(2) top dressing：Primary tiller fertilizer (after 5 leaves), chases after urea 8kg；Second of fringe granulated fertilizer (boot stage-beginning ear period) chases after
Urea 4kg.
2.3 maintain strict control over seeding quality pass
(1) date of seeding：After wheat harvest, grab moisture sowing when robbing, June 5, sowing terminated.
(2) mechanical drilling technology is promoted：Avoid broadcasting sowing and rotation of sowing seeds is broadcast, suppressed after broadcasting, prevent the evaporation of water in soil.
(3) application rate：Regulated and controled according to soil moisture content, per acre with kind of a 2kg, it is ensured that one broadcasts full seedling, seedling foot, full stand, Miao Yun.
(4) depth of planting：Control is in 3.0-3.5cm.
(5) subterranean pest-insect is prevented：Mu is muttered red granule 2.5kg prevention with 3% leaf during site preparation.
2.4 do a good job of it weeding pass
The excellent 73 high-yield and high-efficiency key technology of saving water, resisting drought rice drought is exactly weeding, and closed soil treatment is crucial, cauline leaf process
Preventing and kill off will in time, and a small amount of malignant weed, which is aided with, manually to be pulled out.
(1) closed soil treatment：Broadcast in rear 1d, mu carries out closed soil treatment with pendimethalin 118ml, and when spray is certain
Accomplish：Water has to be no less than 50kg per acre, and spraying has to uniformly, necessarily be unable to drain spray, respray, spray date is best
In at dusk.
(2) cauline leaf process：In rice shoot 2.5-3 periods, weeds carried out before 3 leaf phase, and cauline leaf process is no more than twice, per acre
Add fluroxypyr 50g with the good 115ml of Han Qiu, be watered 38kg even sprayings.
2.5 have poured key water：
It is to obtain the major measure of high-yield and high-efficiency to need the watering of water sensitive phase in saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, saving water, resisting drought rice drought
Excellent 73 key water requirement period is：Emergence water：Soil moisture content deficiency, will irrigate emergence water in time during sowing after broadcasting；Tillering stage：Continuous 10-15d
No rain (broadcasting rear 25-30d), watering, to irrigate soil 2-4cm deep invasions moistening, influences mu spike number to prevent water shortage；Jointing
Boot stage：Continuous 8-10d is without rain (broadcasting rear 50d or so), and watering, soil 2-4cm deep invasions moistening, prevents water shortage from influencing
Grain number per spike；Heading flowering pollination period：Continuous 5-7d is without rain, and watering, is at this time most sensitive period, and water shortage influences setting percentage；Grouting
Phase：Continuous 8-10d influences mass of 1000 kernel without rain, watering, water shortage.
Wherein the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period are needed in saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73
Will spray power-assisted liquid before watering.
The power-assisted liquid is consisting of component：Component A：40 parts of water, 11 parts of gibberellin, 4 parts of yeast extract, 3 parts of peptone,
7 parts of glucose, 0.5mg/ml KNO33 parts of solution, 0.5mg/mlMgSO42 parts of solution, 0.25mg/ml KH2PO41.5 parts of solution；
B component：3 parts of Berthelot ' s liquid, 3.5 parts of 8mg/L adenines, NAA1.5 parts of 2mg/L；
Its power-assisted liquid making method is：
(1) component A preparation method is：Adding water in beaker, add yeast extract and peptone, mixing is even,
Be placed on electric furnace and be heated to 80 DEG C, stirring 20min until solution becomes settled solution, after clarification mixed solution is cooled to room
Temperature, gibberellin, glucose, KNO are added into settled solution3Solution, MgSO4Solution, KH2PO4Solution, is mixed evenly, i.e.,
Obtain component A；
(2) B component preparation method：Take Berthelot ' s liquid to be placed in beaker, adenine, NAA are added dropwise
In Berthelot ' s liquid beakers, and 100rpm/min stirrings at the same time are until solution mixing is complete, up to B component；
(3) by component A and B component according to 5:0.8 is uniformly mixed, and is to add B component in component A, obtains power-assisted liquid
Mother liquor；
(4) power-assisted liquid mother liquor is distributed into Packaging Bottle, every bottle of 50ml, lucifuge, room temperature preservation.
Power-assisted liquid when in use, by power-assisted liquid mother liquor and water according to 1:10 are diluted, and with it is excellent in saving water, resisting drought rice drought
73 need the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period to be sprayed before watering with spraying in saving water, resisting drought rice
On excellent 73 blade of drought and spike of rice, rear interval 1 day, then carry out the excellent 73 key water requirement period watering of saving water, resisting drought rice drought.
2.6 integrated pest prevention and control：
(1) Major Pests：Rice thrips, rice leaf roller, yellow rice borer.
(2) Major Diseases：Banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, false smut.
(3) control method：In late July to mid-September, saving water, resisting drought rice tiller later stage to the pustulation period, emphasis is cut
Phase, every 667 ㎡, the 1.8% avermectin 50ml or 48% chlopyrifos 50ml or wide 8g of health, are watered 40kg spraying prevention cnaphalocrocis
Snout moth's larva, striped rice borer, yellow rice borer.In saving water, resisting drought rice tillering stage (mid-July), every 667 ㎡ Jing Gang, withered bud bacterium 200ml or
12.5% Tebuconazole 12g or by steady 10-15g is opposed, is watered 40kg spraying prevention banded sclerotial blights.In saving water, resisting drought rice tillering stage (in 7 months
Ten days) and the prevention of cut phase, 75% tricyclazole 30-40g of tillering stage every 667 ㎡, it is watered 40kg spraying prevention leaf pest；The cut phase is every
667 ㎡, which use to take, opposes steady 15-20g or Prochloraz 80-100ml, is watered 40kg spraying prevention rice blast.In saving water, resisting drought rice children fringe point
Change six phases (10-15d before heading) and cut phase, every 667 ㎡ is with well hilllock withered bud bacterium 200ml or 12.5% Tebuconazole 12g or by enemy
Steady 10-15g, is watered 40kg spraying prevention false smut.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73；
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, including concrete technical scheme are as follows：
1st, excellent 73 feature of drought
1.1 biological characteristics
Drought excellent 73 belongs to triple crossing and combines, time of infertility water kind drought pipe 115-125d, seedling stage early growth and quick tiller, well developed root system,
Tillering ability is strong；Plant height 103-120cm, mu effective fringe 16.5-19.5 ten thousand, spike length 20-25cm, per total grain panicle number 145.5-210.5
Grain, setting percentage 81.3-85.5%, mass of 1000 kernel 28-30g.
1.2 botanical character
Plant type is compact, and leaf color is blue or green elegant, and stalk is sturdy and elastic good, resistance to fertile, resistance to lean, and later stage green grass or young crops stalk yellow maturity annesl is good.
1.3 yield show
Anhui Province's upland rice pilot production in 2013, average yield per mu 478.9kg, relatively compares green non-irrigated No. 1 volume increase 11.57%；
2011-2013 planted experimentally along Huaihe River area, demonstration plant, performance yielding ability protrude, general per mu yield 450-600kg, compares same type
Kind volume increase is obvious, and food flavor is good, and resistance is strong, wide adaptability, deep to be welcome by peasant.
1.4 meters of matter
It is high-quality that national two level is reached through Ministry of Agriculture's rice and quality of item supervisory detection test center inspection result rice quality
Rice standard.
1.5 resistance
Through Shanghai City Agricultural biological Gene Center's drought resistance field test and disease resistance inoculated identification：Drought resistance resists up to 3 grades
It is S2 grades of bacterial leaf-blight, MR1 grades of blast resisting, false smut MR2 grades anti-.
2 high-yield culture techniques
2.1 seed treatment
(1) bask seeds：Select fine day to bask seeds 1d before the sowing of non-coated seed, avoid the exposure on cement field.
(2) soak seed：After solarization seed sowing before with 0.2% strong chlorine oil aqueous solution seed soaking disinfection 12h, with clear water Xian totally,
Drying to sow.
(3) seed pelleting：Using upland rice seed-dressing agent special, seed pelleting processing is carried out.
2.2 apply fertilizers scientifically
(1) base manure：Mu is applied, ternary compound fertilizer 30kg, zinc sulfate 2kg.
(2) top dressing：Primary tiller fertilizer (after 5 leaves), chases after urea 10kg；Second of fringe granulated fertilizer (boot stage-beginning ear period)
Chase after urea 5kg.
2.3 maintain strict control over seeding quality pass
(1) date of seeding：After wheat harvest, grab moisture sowing when robbing, strives that sowing terminated June 8.
(2) mechanical drilling technology is promoted：Avoid broadcasting sowing and rotation of sowing seeds is broadcast, suppressed after broadcasting, prevent the evaporation of water in soil.
(3) application rate：Regulated and controled according to soil moisture content, per acre with kind of a 2.2kg, it is ensured that one broadcasts full seedling, seedling foot, full stand, Miao Yun.
(4) depth of planting：Control is optimal in 4.0cm.
(5) subterranean pest-insect is prevented：Mu is prevented with 1.8% Abamectin 2.2kg during site preparation.
2.4 do a good job of it weeding pass
The excellent 73 high-yield and high-efficiency key technology of saving water, resisting drought rice drought is exactly weeding, and closed soil treatment is basic, cauline leaf process
Preventing and kill off will in time, and a small amount of malignant weed, which is aided with, manually to be pulled out.
(1) closed soil treatment：Broadcast in rear 1d, mu carries out closed soil treatment with pendimethalin 120ml, and when spray is certain
Accomplish：Water has to be no less than 50kg per acre, and spraying has to uniformly, necessarily be unable to drain spray, respray, spray date is being close to
Evening.
(2) cauline leaf process：In rice shoot 2.5-3 periods, weeds carried out before 3 leaf phase, and cauline leaf process 2 times, uses Han Qiuhao per acre
120ml adds fluroxypyr 50g, is watered 40kg even sprayings.
2.5 have poured key water：
It is to obtain the major measure of high-yield and high-efficiency to need the watering of water sensitive phase in saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, saving water, resisting drought rice drought
Excellent 73 key water requirement period is：Emergence water：Soil moisture content deficiency, will irrigate emergence water in time during sowing after broadcasting；Tillering stage：Continuous 10-15d
No rain (broadcasting rear 25-30d), watering, to irrigate soil 2-4cm deep invasions moistening, influences mu spike number to prevent water shortage；Jointing booting
Phase：Continuous 8-10d is without rain (broadcasting rear 50d or so), and watering, soil 2-4cm deep invasions moistening, influences grain number per spike to prevent water shortage；
Heading flowering pollination period：Continuous 5-7d is without rain, and watering, soil 2-4cm deep invasions moistening, is at this time most sensitive period, water shortage
Influence setting percentage；Pustulation period：Continuous 8-10d influences mass of 1000 kernel without rain, watering, water shortage.
Wherein the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period are needed in saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73
Will spray power-assisted liquid before watering.
The power-assisted liquid is consisting of component：Component A：45 parts of water, 13 parts of gibberellin, 5 parts of yeast extract, 4 parts of peptone,
6 parts of glucose, 0.5mg/ml KNO33 parts of solution, 0.5mg/mlMgSO42 parts of solution, 0.25mg/ml KH2PO41.5 parts of solution；
B component：3 parts of Berthelot ' s liquid, 2.5 parts of 8mg/L adenines, 2 parts of 2mg/L NAA；
Its power-assisted liquid making method is：
(1) component A preparation method is：Adding water in beaker, add yeast extract and peptone, mixing is even,
Be placed on electric furnace and be heated to 75 DEG C, stirring 30min until solution becomes settled solution, after clarification mixed solution is cooled to room
Temperature, gibberellin, glucose, KNO are added into settled solution3Solution, MgSO4Solution, KH2PO4Solution, is mixed evenly, i.e.,
Obtain component A；
(2) B component preparation method：Take Berthelot ' s liquid to be placed in beaker, adenine, NAA are added dropwise
In Berthelot ' s liquid beakers, and 80rpm/min stirrings at the same time are until solution mixing is complete, up to B component；
(3) by component A and B component according to 10:1 is uniformly mixed, and is to add B component in component A, obtains power-assisted liquid mother
Liquid；
(4) power-assisted liquid mother liquor is distributed into Packaging Bottle, every bottle of 60ml, lucifuge, room temperature preservation.
Power-assisted liquid when in use, by power-assisted liquid mother liquor and water according to 1:10 are diluted, and with it is excellent in saving water, resisting drought rice drought
73 need the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period to be sprayed before watering with spraying in saving water, resisting drought rice
On excellent 73 blade of drought and spike of rice, rear interval 2 days, then carry out the excellent 73 key water requirement period watering of saving water, resisting drought rice drought.
2.6 integrated pest prevention and control：
(1) Major Pests：Rice leaf roller, yellow rice borer, planthopper.
(2) Major Diseases：Banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, false smut.
(3) control method：In late July to mid-September, saving water, resisting drought rice tiller later stage to the pustulation period, emphasis is cut
Phase, every 667 ㎡, the 1.8% avermectin 50ml or 48% chlopyrifos 50ml or wide 8g of health, are watered 40kg spraying prevention cnaphalocrocis
Snout moth's larva, striped rice borer, yellow rice borer.In saving water, resisting drought rice tillering stage (mid-July), every 667 ㎡ with the withered bud bacterium 200ml of well hilllock or
12.5% Tebuconazole 12g or by steady 10-15g is opposed, is watered 40kg spraying prevention banded sclerotial blights.In saving water, resisting drought rice tillering stage (in 7 months
Ten days) and the prevention of cut phase, 75% tricyclazole 30-40g of tillering stage every 667 ㎡, it is watered 40kg spraying prevention leaf pest；The cut phase is every
667 ㎡, which use to take, opposes steady 15-20g or Prochloraz 80-100ml, is watered 40kg spraying prevention rice blast.In saving water, resisting drought rice children fringe point
Change six phases (10-15d before heading) and cut phase, every 667 ㎡ is with well hilllock withered bud bacterium 200ml or 12.5% Tebuconazole 12g or by enemy
Steady 10-15g, is watered 40kg spraying prevention false smut.
To carrying out experiment investigation respectively in embodiment provided by the invention, section is planted by 2 kinds of embodiment 1 and embodiment respectively
Water drought resisting rice drought excellent 73 is investigated, and the results are shown in Table 1；
1 saving water, resisting drought rice of table drought excellent 73 investigates project
By the above results show that：By the present invention hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 Anhui dry planting and dry administration, drought kind water pipe,
Under the difference cultivation mode such as water kind drought pipe, the advantages that showing drought resisting, anti-fall, meter You, high yield, stable yields, wide adaptability, at the same time
Realize that saving water, resisting drought, nitrogen and phosphorus efficiently have a variety of good characteristics using the multiple gene polymerization with resisting a variety of disease pests, initiative
Germ plasm resource, cultivates the character such as disease-resistant, pest-resistant, degeneration-resistant, nutrient efficient, high yield, high-quality in " saving water, resisting drought rice " new product of one
Kind, " saving water, resisting drought rice " promotes the breakthrough of actual per unit area yield in China's Rice Production, realizes in Rice Production and " sprays insecticide less, is few
To fertilize, the strategic objective of saving water, resisting drought, good quality and high output ".
The basic principles, main features and the advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. high yield cultivating method along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, it is characterised in that：High yield cultivating method It is as follows including concrete technical scheme：1.1 seed treatment(1) bask seeds：Select fine day to bask seeds 1-2d before the sowing of non-coated seed, avoid the exposure on cement field；(2) soak seed：After solarization seed sowing before with 0.2% strong chlorine oil aqueous solution seed soaking disinfection 10-12h, with clear water Xian totally, dry in the air It is dry to sow；(3) seed pelleting：Using upland rice seed-dressing agent special, seed pelleting processing is carried out；1.2 apply fertilizers scientifically(1) base manure：Mu is applied, ternary compound fertilizer (N:P2O5：K2Each 15%) 30-40kg of O, zinc sulfate 1.5-2.5kg, be according to soil Earth fertility situation increases and decreases.(2) top dressing：See seedling top dressing, primary tiller fertilizer (after 5 leaves), chases after urea 8-10kg；Second of fringe granulated fertilizer (booting Phase-beginning ear period) chase after urea 3-5kg；1.3 maintain strict control over seeding quality pass(1) date of seeding：After wheat harvest, grab moisture sowing when robbing, strives sowing before June 8 and terminates, at the latest no more than June 10；(2) mechanical drilling technology is promoted：Avoid broadcasting sowing and rotation of sowing seeds is broadcast, suppressed after broadcasting, prevent the evaporation of water in soil；(3) application rate：Regulated and controled according to soil moisture content, per acre with kind of a 2-2.5kg, it is ensured that one broadcasts full seedling, seedling foot, full stand, Miao Yun；(4) depth of planting：It should control in 3-5cm, it is optimal with 4cm；(5) subterranean pest-insect is prevented：During site preparation mu with 3% leaf mutter red granule or 1.8% Abamectin 2-3kg prevention；1.4 do a good job of it weeding passThe excellent 73 high-yield and high-efficiency key technology of saving water, resisting drought rice drought is exactly weeding, and closed soil treatment is crucial, and cauline leaf process is prevented and kill off Timely, a small amount of malignant weed, which is aided with, manually to be pulled out；(1) closed soil treatment：Broadcast in rear 1d, mu carries out closed soil treatment with pendimethalin 115-125ml, and when spray is certain Accomplish：Water has to be no less than 50kg per acre, and spraying has to uniformly, necessarily be unable to drain spray, respray, spray date is best In at dusk；(2) cauline leaf process：In rice shoot 2.5-3 periods, weeds carried out before 3 leaf phase, and cauline leaf process uses Korea Spro per acre no more than twice Autumn, good 115-125ml added fluroxypyr 50g, was watered 35-45kg even sprayings；1.5 have poured key water：It is to obtain the major measure of high-yield and high-efficiency to need the watering of water sensitive phase in saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 Key water requirement period is：Emergence water：Soil moisture content deficiency, will irrigate emergence water in time during sowing after broadcasting；Tillering stage：Continuous 10-15d is without rain (broadcasting rear 25-30d), needs to water, and to irrigate soil 2-4cm deep invasions moistening, influences mu spike number to prevent water shortage；Jointing is pregnant Ear period：Continuous 8-10d needs to water, water shortage influences grain number per spike without rain (broadcasting rear 50d or so)；Heading flowering pollination period：Continuous 5-7d Without rain, need to water, be at this time most sensitive period, water shortage influences setting percentage；Pustulation period：Continuous 8-10d needs to water without rain, water shortage Influence mass of 1000 kernel；In before saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73 needs the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period watering Power-assisted of spraying liquid；1.6 integrated pest prevention and control：(1) Major Pests：Subterranean pest-insect, rice thrips, rice leaf roller, yellow rice borer, planthopper；(2) Major Diseases：Banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, false smut；(3) control method：The investigation of field pest and disease damage is carried out, with reference to local insect pests forecasting situation, the same water of pesticide species, dosage Rice, it should be noted that Control stage and method, emphasis period are the cut phase, promote integrated control.
- 2. the high yield cultivating method according to claim 1 along Huaihe River area hybridization saving water, resisting drought rice drought excellent 73, its feature exists In：The power-assisted liquid is consisting of component：Component A：30-50 parts of water, 1-20 parts of gibberellin, 2-6 parts of yeast extract, peptone 3- 5 parts, 5-10 parts of glucose, 0.5mg/ml KNO33-6 parts of solution, 0.5mg/mlMgSO41-4 parts of solution, 0.25mg/ml KH2PO41-3 parts of solution；B component：3-6 parts of Berthelot ' s liquid, 2-5 parts of 8mg/L adenines, NAA1-3 parts of 2mg/L；Its power-assisted liquid making method is：(1) component A preparation method is：Add water in beaker, add yeast extract and peptone, even, postposition is mixed In being heated to 60-80 DEG C on electric furnace, stirring 20-30min until solution becomes settled solution, after clarification mixed solution is cooled to Room temperature, gibberellin, glucose, KNO are added into settled solution3Solution, MgSO4Solution, KH2PO4Solution, is mixed evenly, Up to component A；(2) B component preparation method：Take Berthelot ' s liquid to be placed in beaker, Berthelot ' is added dropwise in adenine, NAA In s liquid beakers, and 80-200rpm/min stirrings at the same time are until solution mixing is complete, up to B component；(3) by component A and B component according to 5~10:0.5~2 is uniformly mixed, and is to add B component in component A, obtains power-assisted Liquid mother liquor；(4) power-assisted liquid mother liquor is distributed into Packaging Bottle, every bottle of 40-100ml, lucifuge, room temperature preservation.Power-assisted liquid when in use, by power-assisted liquid mother liquor and water according to 1:10~1:25 are diluted, and with saving water, resisting drought rice drought Excellent 73 need the interim jointing-booting stage of water sensitive, heading flowering pollination period, pustulation period to be sprayed before watering with spraying in saving water, resisting drought On excellent 73 blade of rice drought and spike of rice, rear interval 1-3 days, then carry out the excellent 73 key water requirement period watering of saving water, resisting drought rice drought.
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| CN109287412A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-01 | 云南农业大学 | Dryland Cultivation Method of Hybrid Japonica Rice |
| CN115024169A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-09 | 上海市农业科学院 | Method for reducing methane emission of rice field based on direct seeding and dry pipe planting and application of method |
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