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CN107949141A - A kind of anode movable type plasma burner - Google Patents

A kind of anode movable type plasma burner Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107949141A
CN107949141A CN201711319095.3A CN201711319095A CN107949141A CN 107949141 A CN107949141 A CN 107949141A CN 201711319095 A CN201711319095 A CN 201711319095A CN 107949141 A CN107949141 A CN 107949141A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
anode
wall
cathode
gun body
plasma burner
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201711319095.3A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
石为华
侯傲
王晶晨
李康
安宾
吴道洪
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenwu Technology Group Corp Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenwu Technology Group Corp Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenwu Technology Group Corp Co Ltd filed Critical Shenwu Technology Group Corp Co Ltd
Priority to CN201711319095.3A priority Critical patent/CN107949141A/en
Publication of CN107949141A publication Critical patent/CN107949141A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05HPLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of anode movable type plasma burner, mainly include:Cathode, gun body, connector and anode, wherein, the cathode includes:Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section horizontally disposed in the inner cavity of the gun body;The connector includes:Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, it is described it is small it is interior be connected through thread segment with the outer wall of the gun body, the imperial palace is connected through thread segment with the outer wall thread of the anode, and the inner wall of the anode and the outer wall of the gun body are slidably and sealingly connected with.The present invention carries out the Igniting pattern of plasma burner by using the anode moving contact formula starting the arc optimization of starting the arc mode, which can realize the quick starting the arc, plasma immediate stability is realized after the starting the arc, it is adjustable with striking-distance between anode and cathode, the features such as arcing voltage scope is big, the easy starting the arc.

Description

A kind of anode movable type plasma burner
Technical field
The invention belongs to the technical field of the plasma burners such as petrochemical industry, metallurgy and power industry, and in particular to a kind of Anode movable type plasma burner.
Background technology
Plasma refers to that what gas was ionized generation contains a large amount of electronics, ion, excited state molecule, atom and freedom The high active substance of group, also referred to as " the 4th state " of material, low temperature plasma temperature range arrives tens of thousands of degree thousands of, With regard to hot plasma, hot plasma is applied to industrial, can be used as pulverized coal boiler ignition rifle, rubbish, solid waste Prepared by gasification etc., the igniting of gas turbine and steady combustion, the hydrogen in terms of chemical industry, currently also have numerous studies to use heat plasma Body prepares the materials such as graphene.
Supplier of the plasma burner as heat source at present, is mainly used in power station pulverized coal boiler igniting, solid waste rubbish Melt process, flying dust processing etc., existing plasma burner uses Jie that single source of the gas is produced as plasma more Matter source of the gas, medium source of the gas are mainly compressed air, argon gas, the simple gases such as hydrogen, by high-voltage breakdown or are connect during use The mode for touching arcing produces electric arc, for ionization medium gas.
Existing power plant uses plasma igniter, since its structure is larger, passes through negative and positive by the way of movable cathode substantially Pole contacting ignition arc forms plasma, carries out current interruption by movable cathode after boiler-burner igniting, primarily serves ignition action. And long-time service is needed for the plasma burner of the industries such as rubbish melting, the high pressure starting the arc is all used, passes through high electricity Electric arc is formed between pressure breakdown and anode and cathode, dielectric gas forms plasma by electric arc, for the supply of heat source, but needs Supporting power-supply system is wanted to possess the control section of the high pressure starting the arc, whole system power supply is numerous and diverse, while increases system cost, at the same time Making requirement on machining accuracy to workpiece is high, after easily there is Partial ablation during use, it is not easy to the starting the arc, it is necessary to carry out pipe portion Part is replaced, adversely affecting its combustion efficiency.
The content of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of anode movable type plasma burner, by using sun Ghandler motion moves the optimization that the contact starting the arc carries out the Igniting pattern of plasma burner starting the arc mode, and which can be realized quickly The starting the arc, realizes plasma immediate stability after the starting the arc, striking-distance is adjustable between having anode and cathode, and arcing voltage scope is big, holds The features such as easy starting the arc.
It is at least to solve one of above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution that the present invention takes is:
The present invention proposes a kind of anode movable type plasma burner, including:Cathode, gun body, connector and anode, wherein, The cathode includes:Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section horizontally disposed in the gun body In chamber;The connector includes:Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, it is described small interior through thread segment and institute The outer wall for stating gun body is connected, and the imperial palace is connected through thread segment with the outer wall thread of the anode, the inner wall of the anode and institute The outer wall for stating gun body is slidably and sealingly connected with.
Further, isometrical section of inside of the cathode is horizontally disposed cooling water through hole.
Further, along the circumferential direction it is equipped with isometrical section of outer wall of the cathode multiple with the cooling water through hole phase The radial hole of connection.
Further, further include:Insulating layer, it is wrapped in isometrical section of outside of the cathode, is set on the insulating layer It is equipped with the apopore being connected with the radial hole.
Further, isometrical section of outside diameter of the cathode be less than the gun body internal diameter so that the cathode it is isometrical The inner wall of section and the gun body forms circular passage, and the circular passage is connected with the apopore, forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).
Further, the gun body passes through seal and the insulating layer and the electric discharge close to one end of the electric discharge section Section forms end part seal.
Further, the end of the gun body and the anode form gas cavity, and the electric discharge section of the cathode is along level Direction is arranged in the gas cavity.
Further, the anode includes connected outlet portion and mounting portion, wherein, the inside of the outlet portion is along level Direction is provided with scaling jet passage, and the interior of the scaling jet passage is provided with what is be connected with the gas cavity Gas lumen.
Further, the side wall of the outlet portion is equipped with the air inlet being connected with the gas lumen, for being passed through Dielectric gas;The dielectric gas cools down anode by the gas lumen, and by described in air inlet entrance Gas cavity, cools down cathode and forms air film protection in cathode surface.
Further, seal, the mounting portion are provided between the small interior outer wall through thread segment and the gun body Outer wall be threadedly coupled with the imperial palace through thread segment, the outer wall of the inner wall of the mounting portion and the gun body is slidingly sealed company Connect, and seal is provided between the inner wall of the mounting portion and the outer wall of the gun body.
The present invention includes at least following beneficial effect:
1)The present invention uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, can replace conventional high-tension starting the arc system-level device, and the present invention can be with Realize the quick starting the arc, plasma immediate stability is realized after the starting the arc, striking-distance is adjustable between having anode and cathode, arcing voltage model Enclose it is big, the features such as the easy starting the arc;
2)The present invention uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, passes through the research to device structure so that and cooled cathode is more reasonable, So that cathode service life increased;
3)The present invention uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, and anode and cathode are cooled down by dielectric gas, reduce sun The heat that pole water cooling is taken out of, that improves burner uses power.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of burner of the present invention.
Wherein, isometrical section 101, it is cooling water through hole 1011, radial hole 1012, electric discharge section 102, gun body 2, small interior through screw thread Section 301, imperial palace are through in thread segment 302, outlet portion 401, scaling jet passage 402, mounting portion 403, gas cavity 404, gas Chamber 405, the first air inlet 4051, the second air inlet 4052, insulating layer 5, seal 6, cooling water flow to W.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand technical scheme, with reference to specific embodiment to this Invention is described in further detail.The embodiments described below is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, without being understood that For limitation of the present invention.Particular technique or condition are not specified in embodiment, according to the described skill of document in the art Art or condition are carried out according to product description.
According to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of burner of the present invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, institute of the present invention Stating anode movable type plasma burner includes:Cathode, insulating layer, gun body, connector and anode.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, cathode of the present invention includes:Be connected with each other isometrical section and Electric discharge section, wherein, described isometrical section is horizontally disposed in the inner cavity of the gun body, and described isometrical section of outside diameter is less than institute State the internal diameter of gun body so that the inner wall of described isometrical section and the gun body forms circular passage, and described isometrical section of inside is It is hollow, horizontally disposed cooling water through hole is formed, meanwhile, along the circumferential direction it is equipped with described isometrical section of outer wall multiple The radial hole being connected with the cooling water through hole, cooling water enters from the cooling water through hole, from the circular passage Reversely outflow, cooling water flows to W as shown in the figure, more specifically, the radial hole is disposed in proximity to the electric discharge section side At 0.5 times of isometrical section of outside diameter distance, the aperture of the radial hole is 0.5 times of the isometrical section of internal diameter;According to the present invention Some embodiments, isometrical section of the present invention of outside diameter is 10-20mm, is preferably 15mm;The radial hole quantity for 6 or 8.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, the electric discharge section in coniform, be connected with described isometrical section and Positioned at described isometrical section of right side, and the electric discharge section is horizontally disposed in the gas cavity, the electric discharge section Length is 2-2.5 times of isometrical section of outside diameter, is preferably 2 times of isometrical section of outside diameter, and cone angle is 15-25 °, is preferably 20 °, material It is of fine quality to elect tungsten as.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, insulating layer of the present invention is wrapped in isometrical section of the cathode Outside, is provided with the apopore being connected with the radial hole, the quantity and size of the apopore on the insulating layer It is identical with the radial hole that described isometrical section of outer wall is equipped with, during installation, overlapped with the radial hole, i.e., described water outlet Hole is connected with the circular passage and radial hole respectively, forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR);According to some embodiments of the present invention, institute It is preferably polytetrafluoro to state insulating layer material, and the thickness of the insulating layer is preferably 3mm.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, gun body of the present invention is close to one end of the electric discharge section, i.e., Described isometrical section of right end, end part seal, the end of the gun body are formed by seal and the insulating layer with the electric discharge section Portion forms gas cavity with the anode, and the electric discharge section of the cathode is horizontally disposed in the gas cavity;Distance The position of the 0.5 times of gun body outside diameter in end of the gun body, it is axially disposed on the gun body outer wall to have external screw thread, for connecting State connector;According to some embodiments of the present invention, the material of gun body of the present invention is preferably isolation material.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, connector of the present invention is annulus column construction, is divided into not With the both ends internal thread structure of internal diameter, including:Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, wherein, it is described small It is interior to be connected through thread segment by seal with the outer wall of the gun body, mounting portion of the imperial palace through thread segment and the anode Outer wall thread connects, and the inner wall of the mounting portion of the anode and the outer wall of the gun body are slidably and sealingly connected with, and the mounting portion Inner wall and the gun body outer wall between be provided with seal, by the threaded connection of anode and connector, pass through the company The mode of threaded connection between fitting and anode allows anode to be moved along equipment axis direction, is passed through dielectric gas, the starting the arc When adjustment the distance between anode and cathode twisted by spanner, after anode and cathode contact, reverse Twist wrench makes anode and cathode die opening The starting the arc is completed in increase, is passed through the combustion process that dielectric gas completes plasma burner;According to some embodiments of the present invention, originally The material for inventing the connector is preferably red copper.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, anode of the present invention includes:Connected mounting portion and outlet Portion, wherein, the mounting portion outer wall is provided with the external screw thread that length is 10-20mm, preferably 15mm, the peace in the axial direction The wall thickness in dress portion is 8-12mm, is preferably 10mm, coordinates with the imperial palace of the connector through thread segment and installs.
According to an embodiment of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 1, the inside of the outlet portion is horizontally disposed to have scaling to spray Mouth passage, the interior of the scaling jet passage are provided with the gas lumen being connected with the gas cavity;It is described go out The side wall of oral area is equipped with the air inlet being connected with the gas lumen, including:First air inlet and the second air inlet, more Body:First air inlet is arranged at the outer of the outlet portion at the spout 40-50mm of the scaling jet passage It is preferably 45mm, the bore of first air inlet is 8-12mm on wall;Close to cathode side, described scaling jet passage Side wall on, multiple second air inlets of circumference uniform distribution, the gas cavity is connected with the gas lumen, described The bore of two air inlets is 0.5 times of the bore of first air inlet, and quantity is preferably 8-12;The dielectric gas passes through First air inlet cools down anode into the gas lumen, and enters the gas cavity by the second air inlet, right Cathode is cooled down and forms air film protection in cathode surface, ionizes to be formed after plasma state through the contracting by cathode and anode Spout passage sprays, and improves the service life of equipment anode and cathode, while reduce the heat that water cooling is taken out of.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the anode outside diameter is 40-60mm, is preferably 50mm, length 70- 100mm, preferably 80mm, the material of the anode is preferably red copper.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the scaling spout smallest passage sectional dimension is sprayed for the scaling of the anode Mouth passage length 1:6-1:9, preferably 1:8;The scaling jet passage includes:The necking section and expansion segment being sequentially connected, wherein, The inlet calibre of the necking section is 1 with the spout relative aperture of the expansion segment:1-1:3, preferably 1:2, the length of the necking section Spend for 4-6mm, preferably 5mm, the inlet calibre of the necking section is 5-10mm, preferably 8mm.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gap between anode and cathode of the present invention cannot be too big, gap too conference Cause resistance too big, cause working gas to be not easy to be ionized, so as to be difficult to form flame, so the present invention passes through the connection Part moves anode, and it is 3-5mm to make the distance between anode and cathode gap, and the spacing preferably adjusted when using is 4mm.
The course of work of anode movable type plasma burner of the present invention is:By between the connector and anode The mode of threaded connection anode is moved along equipment axis direction, be passed through dielectric gas, when starting the arc is twisted by spanner The distance between anode and cathode is adjusted, after anode and cathode contact, reverse Twist wrench makes the increase of anode and cathode die opening, and appearance can lead to The runner of dielectric gas is crossed, plasma is produced after electric arc ionization, is sprayed by anode spout and complete the starting the arc, reduce anode water cooling The heat taken away, increases the mean temperature of plasma, and flame mean temperature completes plasma burner at 2500-3000 DEG C Combustion process.
Embodiment 1:Dielectric gas is using argon gas as dielectric gas, and anode necking section inlet calibre is 5mm, and length is 4mm, expansion segment spout bore are 10mm, length 40mm, and scaling jet passage overall length is 44mm, and anode outside diameter is 50mm, long To spend for 80mm, anode mounting portion internal diameter is 40mm, the long 15mm of internal thread, and the first air inlet is located at away from anode nozzle 45mm, First air inlet bore is 10mm, and the second air inlet bore is 5mm, and quantity is 10, circumference uniform distribution, pitch diameter 45mm, Isometrical section of outside diameter of cathode is 15mm, and length 150mm, cathodic discharge section is cone, and cone angle is 20 °, length 30mm.
Burner operation data of the present invention are as follows:Electric current 140-150A, voltage 50-60V, makes the moon by screw thread rotation Electric arc is produced after positive contact, it is not necessary to which additional high pressure arc starter, anode and cathode are cooled down by dielectric gas, service life Up to more than 30h, plasma temperature can be to 2800 DEG C, and gas consumption is controlled in 50-70L/min.
Jet passage dependency structure size is scaled by changing, can make the starting the arc unstable not in scope of design, it is difficult to adjust Die opening is saved, easy current interruption, influences the normal operation of burner.
Inventor's discovery, anode movable type plasma burner according to the present invention, using anode movable type striking Structure, can replace conventional high-tension starting the arc system-level device, it is possible to achieve the quick starting the arc, realizes that plasma is steady rapidly after the starting the arc Calmly, the features such as striking-distance is adjustable between having anode and cathode, and arcing voltage scope is big, the easy starting the arc;Meanwhile the present invention is using sun Ghandler motion dynamic formula arc-striking structure, passes through the research to device structure so that cooled cathode is more reasonable so that cathode service life has Increased;In addition, the present invention uses anode movable type arc-striking structure, anode and cathode are cooled down by dielectric gas, subtracted The heat that anode water cold belt goes out is lacked, that improves burner uses power.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the term such as term " connected ", " connection " should do broad sense reason Solution, for example, it may be fixedly connected or be detachably connected, or integrally;Can be mechanical connection or electricity Connection;It can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected by intermediary, can be the connection inside two elements or two The interaction relationship of element.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood as the case may be Concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or position of the instruction such as term " on ", " under ", "left", "right" It is based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship to put relation, is for only for ease of the description present invention and simplifies description, rather than Indicate or imply that signified device or element there must be specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore cannot It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or the spy for combining the embodiment or example description Point is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms is not It must be directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any Combined in an appropriate manner in a or multiple embodiments or example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, the technology of this area Different embodiments or example described in this specification and different embodiments or exemplary feature can be combined by personnel And combination.
Although the embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described above, it is to be understood that above-described embodiment is example Property, it is impossible to limitation of the present invention is interpreted as, those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention can be to above-mentioned Embodiment is changed, changes, replacing and modification, meanwhile, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the think of according to the application Think, in specific embodiments and applications there will be changes.

Claims (10)

  1. A kind of 1. anode movable type plasma burner, it is characterised in that including:Cathode, gun body, connector and anode, wherein,
    The cathode includes:Isometrical section and electric discharge section being connected with each other, described isometrical section horizontally disposed in the gun body Inner cavity in;
    The connector includes:Be connected with each other it is small it is interior through thread segment and imperial palace through thread segment, it is described small interior through thread segment and institute The outer wall for stating gun body is connected, and the imperial palace is connected through thread segment with the outer wall thread of the anode, the inner wall of the anode and institute The outer wall for stating gun body is slidably and sealingly connected with.
  2. 2. plasma burner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that isometrical section of inside of the cathode is along level Direction is provided with cooling water through hole.
  3. 3. plasma burner according to claim 2, it is characterised in that along circle on isometrical section of outer wall of the cathode Circumferential direction is equipped with multiple radial hole being connected with the cooling water through hole.
  4. 4. plasma burner according to claim 3, it is characterised in that further include:Insulating layer, it is wrapped in described the moon Isometrical section of outside of pole, is provided with the apopore being connected with the radial hole on the insulating layer.
  5. 5. plasma burner according to claim 4, it is characterised in that isometrical section of outside diameter of the cathode is less than institute State the internal diameter of gun body so that the inner wall of isometrical section of the cathode and the gun body forms circular passage, the circular passage with The apopore is connected, and forms chilled(cooling) water return (CWR).
  6. 6. plasma burner according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the gun body is close to one end of the electric discharge section End part seal is formed with the electric discharge section by seal and the insulating layer.
  7. 7. plasma burner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the end of the gun body is formed with the anode Gas cavity, the electric discharge section of the cathode are horizontally disposed in the gas cavity.
  8. 8. plasma burner according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the anode includes connected outlet portion and peace Dress portion, wherein, the inside of the outlet portion is horizontally disposed scaling jet passage, the side wall of the scaling jet passage It is internally provided with the gas lumen being connected with the gas cavity.
  9. 9. plasma burner according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the side wall of the outlet portion be equipped with it is described The air inlet that gas lumen is connected, for being passed through dielectric gas;The dielectric gas by the gas lumen to anode into Row cooling, and the gas cavity is entered by the air inlet, cathode is cooled down and forms air film in cathode surface and is protected Shield.
  10. 10. plasma burner according to claim 8, it is characterised in that described small interior through thread segment and the gun body Outer wall between be provided with seal, the outer wall of the mounting portion is threadedly coupled with the imperial palace through thread segment, the mounting portion Inner wall and the outer wall of the gun body be slidably and sealingly connected with, and set between the inner wall of the mounting portion and the outer wall of the gun body There is seal.
CN201711319095.3A 2017-12-12 2017-12-12 A kind of anode movable type plasma burner Pending CN107949141A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711319095.3A CN107949141A (en) 2017-12-12 2017-12-12 A kind of anode movable type plasma burner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201711319095.3A CN107949141A (en) 2017-12-12 2017-12-12 A kind of anode movable type plasma burner

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107949141A true CN107949141A (en) 2018-04-20

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CN201711319095.3A Pending CN107949141A (en) 2017-12-12 2017-12-12 A kind of anode movable type plasma burner

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111879160A (en) * 2020-07-11 2020-11-03 云南福贵磷化工有限公司 Integrated gas collecting, recovering, burning and recycling device
CN115142961A (en) * 2022-06-22 2022-10-04 武汉科技大学 A gas turbine plasma ignition device

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111879160A (en) * 2020-07-11 2020-11-03 云南福贵磷化工有限公司 Integrated gas collecting, recovering, burning and recycling device
CN115142961A (en) * 2022-06-22 2022-10-04 武汉科技大学 A gas turbine plasma ignition device

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