CN107946392A - A kind of intelligence heat resistanceheat resistant spot photovoltaic module - Google Patents
A kind of intelligence heat resistanceheat resistant spot photovoltaic module Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- BKUKXOMYGPYFJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylsulfanyl-1h-benzimidazole;hydrobromide Chemical compound Br.C1=CC=C2NC(SCC)=NC2=C1 BKUKXOMYGPYFJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/70—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules comprising bypass diodes
- H10F19/75—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules comprising bypass diodes the bypass diodes being integrated or directly associated with the photovoltaic cells, e.g. formed in or on the same substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/30—Electrical components
- H02S40/34—Electrical components comprising specially adapted electrical connection means to be structurally associated with the PV module, e.g. junction boxes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
本发明公布了一种智能抗热斑光伏组件，包括铝合金边框、第一盖板层、第一封装层、电池片层、第二封装层、第二盖板层及接线盒。所述电池片层设置有若干功率优化芯片及二极管芯片，所述电池片层包括多个电池串，所述电池串由若干焊带焊接的多个电池片串联组成，所述电池串之间使用汇流带连接，所述功率优化芯片与电池串并联连接，所述二极管芯片与电池片反向并联连接。本发明通过将二极管芯片与每个电池片进行反向并联连接，完全消除了组件可能发生的热斑效应，提高了组件的可靠性；通过将功率优化芯片与每个电池串连接，消除了电池串之间的失配，并使各电池串及组件整体的功率输出最大化。
The invention discloses an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module, which comprises an aluminum alloy frame, a first cover layer, a first encapsulation layer, a cell sheet layer, a second encapsulation layer, a second cover layer and a junction box. The battery sheet layer is provided with a number of power optimization chips and diode chips, and the battery sheet layer includes a plurality of battery strings, and the battery string is composed of a plurality of battery sheets welded by a plurality of ribbons in series. The bus belt is connected, the power optimization chip is connected in parallel with the battery series, and the diode chip is connected in antiparallel with the battery slices. The invention completely eliminates the hot spot effect that may occur in the assembly by connecting the diode chip in reverse parallel with each battery slice, and improves the reliability of the assembly; by connecting the power optimization chip with each battery string, the battery The mismatch between the strings, and maximize the power output of each battery string and the module as a whole.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及太阳能光伏发电领域，尤其涉及一种智能抗热斑光伏组件。The invention relates to the field of solar photovoltaic power generation, in particular to an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module.
背景技术Background technique
近年来，由光伏组件、逆变器、控制器及蓄电池等部件组成的光伏发电系统受到越来越多的关注，应用的领域也越来越广泛。光伏发电系统可以适用于各种环境，如居民屋顶、工业屋顶、山地、沙漠戈壁、湖面、偏远地区、海岛等，并利用环境中的太阳能资源，将光能转化为清洁的电能，大大减轻了火力发电带来的环境压力以及能源压力。In recent years, the photovoltaic power generation system composed of photovoltaic modules, inverters, controllers and batteries has received more and more attention, and its application fields have become more and more extensive. Photovoltaic power generation systems can be applied to various environments, such as residential roofs, industrial roofs, mountains, deserts, lakes, remote areas, islands, etc., and use solar resources in the environment to convert light energy into clean electrical energy, which greatly reduces Environmental pressure and energy pressure brought by thermal power generation.
光伏组件是光伏发电系统中基本的组成单元，目前广泛使用的光伏组件基本上都是由超白低铁钢化玻璃、第一层EVA、电池片层、第二层EVA及背板经过高温真空层压后，再安装铝合金边框及接线盒组成。Photovoltaic modules are the basic components of photovoltaic power generation systems. At present, the widely used photovoltaic modules are basically made of ultra-white low-iron tempered glass, the first layer of EVA, the battery layer, the second layer of EVA and the backplane after a high-temperature vacuum layer. After pressing, install the aluminum alloy frame and junction box.
由于组件常被安装在户外环境下，受外界环境因素的影响光伏组件在被应用的同时也面临着诸多潜在的问题。当组件表面有灰尘、风沙、鸟粪等遮挡时，组件输出功率会有所损失，严重时组件会发生热斑效应。所谓热斑效应即指光伏组件串联电路中有被遮挡、脏污、裂纹、气泡等有缺陷区域的电池片时，缺陷电池片被当做负载，消耗其它电池片产生的电能，导致局部过热。热斑效应严重时会使组件起火，引起火灾，对光伏组件造成不可逆的严重损坏，产生巨大的经济损失。Since modules are often installed in outdoor environments, photovoltaic modules are also faced with many potential problems when they are applied due to the influence of external environmental factors. When the surface of the module is covered by dust, sand, bird droppings, etc., the output power of the module will be lost, and in severe cases, the module will have a hot spot effect. The so-called hot spot effect means that when there are cells in the series circuit of photovoltaic modules that are blocked, dirty, cracked, bubbled, etc., the defective cells are used as loads, consuming the electric energy generated by other cells, resulting in local overheating. When the hot spot effect is serious, the module will catch fire, causing a fire, causing irreversible and serious damage to the photovoltaic module, and causing huge economic losses.
目前，解决光伏组件热斑效应的常规方式是在接线盒内部设置旁路二极管或功率优化器。正常情况下，光线不被遮挡时，每个二极管处于反偏压，每个电池片都在产生电能。当一个或多个电池片被遮挡时会停止产生电能，成为一个高阻值电阻，同时其它电池片促使其反偏压，导致连接电池片两端的二极管导通，原本流过被遮挡电池片的电流被二极管分流，防止热斑损坏。功率优化器可以在每个电池串上进行MPPT和直流优化，也可消除热斑及相关故障隐患。At present, the conventional way to solve the hot spot effect of photovoltaic modules is to install bypass diodes or power optimizers inside the junction box. Under normal circumstances, when the light is not blocked, each diode is in reverse bias, and each cell is generating electricity. When one or more cells are blocked, they will stop generating electric energy and become a high-value resistor. At the same time, other cells promote their reverse bias, causing the diodes connected to both ends of the cells to conduct, and the current flowing through the blocked cells Current is shunted by diodes to prevent hot spot damage. The power optimizer can perform MPPT and DC optimization on each battery string, and can also eliminate hot spots and related failure hazards.
由于目前技术及工艺的限制，组件的二极管一般设置在接线盒中，其数量一般为3个左右，每个二极管与一串电池片反向并联连接，其保护功能有限。当遮挡发生时，被遮挡电池仍会消耗较大的功率，其温度也明显升高，具有潜在的隐患，组件的整体输出功率也会明显降低。此外由于每串电池片串联连接，当各串电池片电性能参数不一致时，会有较大的失配，尤其在遮挡的情况下这种失配更大，进一步加大了组件的功率损耗。Due to the limitations of the current technology and process, the diodes of the components are generally set in the junction box, and the number is generally about 3. Each diode is connected in reverse parallel with a string of battery slices, and its protection function is limited. When shading occurs, the shaded battery will still consume a large amount of power, and its temperature will also rise significantly, posing potential hidden dangers, and the overall output power of the module will also be significantly reduced. In addition, because each string of cells is connected in series, when the electrical performance parameters of each string of cells are inconsistent, there will be a large mismatch, especially in the case of shading, which will further increase the power loss of the module.
因此，如何完全消除组件的热斑效应及电池串之间的失配，减少组件内各个电池片之间的相互影响，最大程度地降低遮挡发生时所造成的功率损耗，并使组件的输出功率最大化，提高光伏组件的可靠性是亟待解决的技术问题。Therefore, how to completely eliminate the hot spot effect of the module and the mismatch between battery strings, reduce the interaction between the cells in the module, minimize the power loss caused by shading, and make the output power of the module Maximizing and improving the reliability of photovoltaic modules is an urgent technical problem to be solved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对以上问题，本发明的目的是提供一种智能抗热斑光伏组件，将多个二极管芯片和功率优化芯片集成在组件内部，通过将每片电池片连接一个二极管芯片，消除了热斑效应，降低了各个电池片之间的相互影响；同时每个电池串连接一个功率优化芯片，功率优化芯片针对电池串进行独立MPPT，消除电池串之间的失配，使所并联的电池串输出最大功率，进而使光伏组件的输出功率达到最大化，并提高了组件可靠性。In view of the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module, which integrates multiple diode chips and power optimization chips inside the module, and eliminates the hot spot effect by connecting each cell with a diode chip. The mutual influence between each cell is reduced; at the same time, each battery string is connected to a power optimization chip, and the power optimization chip performs independent MPPT for the battery string to eliminate the mismatch between the battery strings, so that the battery strings connected in parallel can output the maximum power , thereby maximizing the output power of the photovoltaic module and improving the reliability of the module.
本发明的技术方案是提供一种智能抗热斑光伏组件，包括铝合金边框、第一盖板层、第一封装层、电池片层、第二封装层、第二盖板层及接线盒，所述电池片层设置有若干功率优化芯片及二极管芯片，所述电池片层包括多个电池串，所述电池串由若干焊带焊接的多个电池片串联组成，所述电池串之间使用汇流带连接，所述功率优化芯片与电池串并联连接，所述二极管芯片与电池片反向并联连接。The technical solution of the present invention is to provide an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module, including an aluminum alloy frame, a first cover layer, a first packaging layer, a cell layer, a second packaging layer, a second cover layer and a junction box, The battery sheet layer is provided with a number of power optimization chips and diode chips, and the battery sheet layer includes a plurality of battery strings, and the battery string is composed of a plurality of battery sheets welded by a plurality of ribbons in series. The bus belt is connected, the power optimization chip is connected in parallel with the battery series, and the diode chip is connected in antiparallel with the battery slices.
进一步的，所述功率优化芯片与汇流带连接，并通过所述汇流带与单个或多个电池串实现并联连接。Further, the power optimization chip is connected to a bus strip, and is connected in parallel with a single or multiple battery strings through the bus strip.
进一步的，所述二极管芯片分散设置于每个电池串相邻两个电池片之间及电池串一边的端部位置。Further, the diode chips are distributed between two adjacent battery slices of each battery string and at the end of one side of the battery string.
进一步的，所述二极管芯片与电池片之间通过电池片正面和反面引出的焊带进行反向并联连接。Further, the diode chip is connected in antiparallel to the battery sheet through the soldering strips drawn from the front and back of the battery sheet.
进一步的，所述功率优化芯片的数量不超过电池串的数量，二极管芯片数量不超过电池片的数量。Further, the number of power optimization chips does not exceed the number of battery strings, and the number of diode chips does not exceed the number of battery slices.
进一步的，所述第一盖板层为超白低铁钢化玻璃，第二盖板层为钢化玻璃或具有TPT、TPE、PET结构的复合型背板或涂覆型背板。Further, the first cover layer is ultra-clear low-iron tempered glass, and the second cover layer is tempered glass or a composite or coated backplane with TPT, TPE, PET structure.
进一步的，所述电池片为单面发电电池片或双面发电电池片。Further, the battery sheet is a single-sided power generation battery sheet or a double-sided power generation battery sheet.
进一步的，所述电池片为m主栅电池片，且m≥2。Further, the cell is an m busbar cell, and m≥2.
进一步的，所述电池片为整片电池片或1/n切片电池片（n≥2）。Further, the cell is a whole cell or a 1/n sliced cell (n≥2).
进一步的，所述接线盒为无旁路二极管的单体接线盒或分体接线盒。Further, the junction box is a single junction box or a split junction box without bypass diodes.
本发明具有如下有益效果：The present invention has following beneficial effects:
1）通过将二极管芯片集成于组件内部并与每个电池片进行反向并联连接，完全消除了组件可能发生的热斑效应，使得每片电池片都得到了保护，即使当电池片上有阴影遮挡时，与该片电池片连接的二极管芯片及时将电流旁路，防止电池片发生热斑效应；1) By integrating the diode chip inside the module and connecting it in reverse parallel with each cell, the hot spot effect that may occur in the module is completely eliminated, so that each cell is protected, even when there is a shadow on the cell When , the diode chip connected to the battery slice bypasses the current in time to prevent the hot spot effect of the battery slice;
2）通过将功率优化芯片集成于组件内部并与每个电池串连接，可以对每个电池串的输出进行MPPT跟踪，使得各电池串工作在最大功率点，并且各电池串互不影响，消除了电池串之间的失配，实现组件整体输出最大化；2) By integrating the power optimization chip inside the module and connecting it with each battery string, MPPT tracking can be performed on the output of each battery string, so that each battery string works at the maximum power point, and each battery string does not affect each other, eliminating The mismatch between the battery strings is eliminated, and the overall output of the components is maximized;
3）通过将二极管芯片集成于组件内部，可以简化组件背面的接线盒，接线盒不需要配置二极管，因此不会存在接线盒发热对电池片造成的负面影响，同时简化的接线盒由于内部元器件很少，因而组件具有更高的可靠性；3) By integrating the diode chip inside the module, the junction box on the back of the module can be simplified. The junction box does not need to be equipped with a diode, so there will be no negative impact on the battery sheet caused by the heat of the junction box. At the same time, the simplified junction box is due to the internal components Rarely, so components have higher reliability;
4）组件的高度集成实现了真正的智能化，在设计系统时更加方便，同时系统成本也远远低于直流优化器模块或微型逆变器模块，不需要附加硬件及特殊的逆变器。4) The high integration of components realizes the real intelligence, which is more convenient when designing the system. At the same time, the system cost is far lower than the DC optimizer module or micro-inverter module, and does not require additional hardware and special inverters.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明一种智能抗热斑光伏组件剖面图。Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module of the present invention.
图2为本发明一种智能抗热斑光伏组件正面图。Fig. 2 is a front view of an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module of the present invention.
图3为本发明一种智能抗热斑光伏组件正面局部放大图。Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged front view of an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module of the present invention.
图中，1为铝合金边框，2为第一盖板层，3为第一封装层，4为电池片层，5为第二封装层，6为第二盖板层，7为接线盒，8为功率优化芯片，9为二极管芯片，10为焊带，11为汇流带，12为电池串，13为电池片。In the figure, 1 is the aluminum alloy frame, 2 is the first cover layer, 3 is the first packaging layer, 4 is the battery sheet layer, 5 is the second packaging layer, 6 is the second cover layer, 7 is the junction box, 8 is a power optimization chip, 9 is a diode chip, 10 is a welding strip, 11 is a bus strip, 12 is a battery string, and 13 is a battery sheet.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为进一步了解本发明的技术特征与内容，下面结合附图进行说明。In order to further understand the technical features and content of the present invention, the following description will be made in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1、图2和图3所示，一种智能抗热斑光伏组件，包括铝合金边框1、第一盖板层2、第一封装层3、电池片层4、第二封装层5、第二盖板层6及接线盒7。所述电池片层4包括多个电池串12，所述电池串由若干焊带10焊接的多个电池片串联组成，所述电池串之间使用汇流带11连接。所述电池片层4同时设置有若干功率优化芯片8及二极管芯片9，功率优化芯片与电池串并联连接，二极管芯片与电池片反向并联连接。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, an intelligent anti-hot spot photovoltaic module includes an aluminum alloy frame 1, a first cover layer 2, a first packaging layer 3, a cell layer 4, and a second packaging layer 5 , the second cover layer 6 and the junction box 7 . The battery sheet layer 4 includes a plurality of battery strings 12 , and the battery strings are composed of a plurality of battery sheets welded in series by a plurality of welding ribbons 10 , and the battery strings are connected by bus strips 11 . The battery sheet layer 4 is also provided with a number of power optimization chips 8 and diode chips 9, the power optimization chips are connected in series and parallel with the battery, and the diode chips are connected in reverse parallel with the battery sheet.
所述功率优化芯片与汇流带连接，并通过汇流带与单个或多个电池串实现并联连接。所述二极管芯片分散设置于每个电池串相邻两个电池片之间及电池串一边的端部位置。其中功率优化芯片的数量不超过电池串的数量，二极管芯片数量不超过电池片的数量。在本实施例中，电池串数量为6个，电池片数量为60个，对应配置的功率优化芯片数量为3个，二极管芯片数量为60个。功率优化芯片设置在组件的引线端位置，与对应电池串引出的汇流带连接，并对电池串的输出进行MPPT跟踪，使得电池串工作在最大功率点。由于设置了多个功率优化芯片，各电池串相互独立，互不影响，任何情况导致的电池串之间的失配可以得到完全消除，实现组件整体输出最大化。二极管芯片与电池片之间通过电池片正面和反面引出的焊带进行反向并联连接，由于设置了多个二极管芯片，使得每片电池片都得到了保护，即使当电池片上有阴影遮挡时，与该片电池片连接的二极管芯片及时将电流旁路，防止电池片发生热斑效应，同时阴影只会影响被遮挡的电池片，其它未被影响的电池片均能正常工作，从而将阴影的影响降至最低，避免了现有技术中组件内部单个电池片被遮挡后，整个组件的输出功率大幅降低的现象。因此组件内部设置的多个功率优化芯片和二极管芯片可以将其分为多个独立的部分，各部分不会相互影响，极大提高了组件的整体性能及可靠性，使得组件在任何不利因素的影响下均能发挥最佳性能，具有更长的使用寿命。在实际的组件生产过程中，功率优化芯片和二极管芯片只需与对应的汇流带及焊带连接，操作非常方便，适合自动化生产。The power optimization chip is connected to the busbar, and is connected in parallel with single or multiple battery strings through the busbar. The diode chips are distributed between two adjacent battery slices of each battery string and at the end of one side of the battery string. The number of power optimization chips does not exceed the number of battery strings, and the number of diode chips does not exceed the number of battery slices. In this embodiment, the number of battery strings is 6, the number of battery slices is 60, the number of correspondingly configured power optimization chips is 3, and the number of diode chips is 60. The power optimization chip is set at the lead end of the component, connected to the bus strip leading out from the corresponding battery string, and performs MPPT tracking on the output of the battery string, so that the battery string works at the maximum power point. Due to the setting of multiple power optimization chips, each battery string is independent of each other and does not affect each other. The mismatch between battery strings caused by any situation can be completely eliminated, and the overall output of the module can be maximized. The diode chip and the battery are connected in reverse parallel through the solder strips drawn from the front and back of the battery. Since multiple diode chips are installed, each battery is protected, even when there is a shadow on the battery. The diode chip connected to the battery slice bypasses the current in time to prevent the hot spot effect of the battery slice. At the same time, the shadow only affects the blocked battery slice, and other unaffected battery slices can work normally. The impact is minimized, avoiding the phenomenon in the prior art that the output power of the entire assembly is greatly reduced when a single cell inside the assembly is blocked. Therefore, the multiple power optimization chips and diode chips set inside the module can divide it into multiple independent parts, and each part will not affect each other, which greatly improves the overall performance and reliability of the module, making the module in the face of any adverse factors. It can exert the best performance under the influence and has a longer service life. In the actual component production process, the power optimization chips and diode chips only need to be connected with the corresponding busbars and soldering ribbons, which is very convenient to operate and suitable for automated production.
以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的技术人员，根据本发明的上述内容，按照本领域的现有技术和知识，结合本发明的基本思想技术，可以做出各种改变或改进，这些改变或改进应该属于本发明保护范围之内。The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, according to the above content of the present invention, according to the prior art and knowledge in this field, combined with the basic idea and technology of the present invention, various changes or improvements can be made, and these changes or improvements should belong to the present invention within the scope of protection.
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