CN107941741A - The method that methylenum careuleum burst size in Plasma Inactivation bag is detected using near infrared spectrum - Google Patents
The method that methylenum careuleum burst size in Plasma Inactivation bag is detected using near infrared spectrum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种近红外光谱检测仪,包括一透射平台,透射平台包括一基板,基板上竖直设有两块相互平行的竖板,两块竖板上各开设有相对应的透射窗,透射窗覆盖有透明的光学窗片,两块竖板之间设有一载物台,待测物位于两个光学窗片之间,至少一个竖板可沿基板的表面滑动,使得待测物夹持在两个光学窗片之间。本发明还涉及一种利用近红外光谱检测血浆灭活袋中亚甲蓝释放量的方法,包括:将两个光学窗片之间的光程固定为2.0‑5.0mm;将血浆灭活袋放在载物台上,对多个血浆标准溶液进行近红外光谱检测,利用PLS法建立亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型;对未知样品进行近红外光谱检测,利用分析模型分析亚甲蓝的释放量。
The invention relates to a near-infrared spectrum detector, comprising a transmission platform, the transmission platform includes a base plate, two vertical plates parallel to each other are vertically arranged on the base plate, and corresponding transmission windows are respectively opened on the two vertical plates. The transmission window is covered with a transparent optical window, and a stage is arranged between the two vertical plates. The object to be tested is located between the two optical windows. held between two optical windows. The present invention also relates to a method for detecting the release amount of methylene blue in a plasma inactivation bag by using near-infrared spectroscopy, comprising: fixing the optical path between two optical windows to 2.0-5.0mm; placing the plasma inactivation bag On the stage, perform near-infrared spectrum detection on multiple plasma standard solutions, and use the PLS method to establish a multivariate analysis model of methylene blue release; perform near-infrared spectrum detection on unknown samples, and use the analysis model to analyze the release of methylene blue. amount released.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及生物检测领域,尤其涉及一种利用近红外光谱检测血浆灭活袋中亚甲蓝释放量的方法。The invention relates to the field of biological detection, in particular to a method for detecting the release amount of methylene blue in a plasma inactivation bag by using near-infrared spectroscopy.
背景技术Background technique
为了防止输血感染病毒,临床用血浆广泛采用亚甲蓝光照法对血浆病毒进行灭活,这是我国唯一获准在临床使用的单人份血液成分病毒灭活技术。灭活过程在血浆灭活袋中进行,而血浆灭活袋中灭活剂亚甲蓝的释放,是在无菌条件下血浆流经亚甲蓝存贮器时通过逐渐溶解而与血浆一同进入灭活袋,该过程即为亚甲蓝的释放过程,其释放量是决定病毒灭活程度的关键参量。然而,该释放量与多种因素有关,包括流速、环境温度、亚甲蓝的吸湿程度、以及存贮器中固载亚甲蓝的材料、生产工艺等等。若血浆灭活袋中亚甲蓝的释放量过高,则血浆中亚甲蓝残留量过大,易于导致累积毒性;若释放量过低,又不能保证其病毒灭活效果。大量数据表明,病毒灭活剂亚甲蓝必须保证在一个很窄的释放量范围,我国规定为0.9-1.3μmol/L。为了尽可能方便、快速、灵敏地检测释放量,已经出现了大量的基于取样检测的方法,包括固相提取—分光光度法、增敏荧光光谱法、HPLC、化学发光法、共振瑞利散射光谱法。取样检测需要使用抽取装置从血浆灭活袋中抽取样品进行检测,由于抽取操作将对血浆灭活袋造成损伤,这种有损检测方法在取样时极易导致血浆二次污染,包括细菌、化学污染物、以及颗粒物,造成血浆灭活袋中的血浆不能再用于人体,造成了血浆的浪费。也正是基于此,经释放量检测的血浆也就不能再用于临床。因此,对于每一袋应用于临床的血浆,不可能均进行这样的基于有损检测的灭活质量控制。事实上,血浆灭活袋中血浆的质量可靠与否仅仅是一个统计结果。对灭活袋中亚甲蓝释放量的无损检测,即是实现每一袋血浆灭活质量控制的关键问题。In order to prevent virus infection from blood transfusion, the methylene blue light method is widely used to inactivate plasma virus in clinical plasma. This is the only virus inactivation technology approved for clinical use in a single blood component in my country. The inactivation process is carried out in the plasma inactivation bag, and the release of the inactivator methylene blue in the plasma inactivation bag enters with the plasma through gradual dissolution when the plasma flows through the methylene blue storage under sterile conditions Inactivation bag, this process is the release process of methylene blue, and its release amount is a key parameter to determine the degree of virus inactivation. However, the amount of release is related to many factors, including flow rate, ambient temperature, degree of hygroscopicity of methylene blue, and the material and production process of immobilized methylene blue in the storage, etc. If the release amount of methylene blue in the plasma inactivation bag is too high, the residual amount of methylene blue in the plasma will be too large, which will easily lead to cumulative toxicity; if the release amount is too low, the virus inactivation effect cannot be guaranteed. A large number of data show that the virus inactivator methylene blue must be released within a very narrow range, which is 0.9-1.3 μmol/L in my country. In order to detect the release amount as conveniently, quickly and sensitively as possible, a large number of sampling-based detection methods have emerged, including solid phase extraction-spectrophotometry, enhanced fluorescence spectroscopy, HPLC, chemiluminescence, and resonance Rayleigh scattering spectroscopy. Law. Sampling detection requires the use of extraction devices to extract samples from the plasma inactivation bag for testing. Since the extraction operation will cause damage to the plasma inactivation bag, this destructive detection method can easily lead to secondary contamination of plasma during sampling, including bacteria, chemical Pollutants, as well as particulate matter, cause the plasma in the plasma inactivation bag to no longer be used in the human body, resulting in a waste of plasma. It is also based on this that the plasma that has been tested for release can no longer be used clinically. Therefore, it is impossible to carry out such inactivation quality control based on destructive detection for each bag of plasma used in clinical practice. In fact, whether the quality of plasma in the plasma inactivation bag is reliable or not is only a statistical result. The non-destructive detection of the amount of methylene blue released in the inactivation bag is the key issue to realize the quality control of each bag of plasma inactivation.
目前,通常利用近红外光谱法进行样品的无损快速检测,以适用于生产过程的质量控制。其中,漫反射近红外光谱进行样品的无损检测是应该最为广泛的,但是这种方法有一定的局限性:首先该方法一般适用于固体、粉末、膏状体,对于液体样品则难以适用,由于光照射入液体以后只产生极弱的漫反射光,大部分甚至全部为透射光,因此难以根据其漫反射近红外光谱进行液体中的某种物质的定量检测。At present, near-infrared spectroscopy is usually used for non-destructive and rapid detection of samples, which is suitable for quality control in the production process. Among them, the non-destructive testing of samples by diffuse reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy should be the most widely used, but this method has certain limitations: first of all, this method is generally applicable to solid, powder, and paste, but it is difficult to apply to liquid samples. After the light is irradiated into the liquid, only extremely weak diffuse reflection light is produced, and most or even all of it is transmitted light, so it is difficult to quantitatively detect a certain substance in the liquid based on its diffuse reflection near-infrared spectrum.
对于现有的对液体中的物质进行快速定量的近红外光谱检测法,通常需要从被检容器中取样进行检测,主要包括两种方式。第一种,将取得的液体样品置于比色皿中,然后放入仪器的比色皿架进行检测;第二种,将具有狭缝的液体光纤探头插入被检容器的液体之中,被检液体直接流入作为比色皿的光纤探头的狭缝之中,以实现取样操作,而光纤将信号再传输进行光谱仪,以实现快速检测。无论是两种之中的哪一种方式,均为有损检测方法,这种方法的缺陷在上文中已经详述。而使用现有的红外光谱仪对血浆袋直接进行检测会遇到很大的难题,首先,血浆灭活袋中含有较多气泡,这些气泡若处于检测区域会使得测量结果产生很大的误差;其次,血浆灭活袋直接检测时,由于袋体较软,其形状不规则,光谱检测的光程难以固定,利用定量公式难以计算待测物的含量。当然,灭活袋中的血浆含有大量的生物大分子,其中的碳氢键会产生大量的近红外光谱信号,也将干扰检测结果,对检测方法带来一定困难。For the existing near-infrared spectroscopy detection method for rapid quantification of substances in liquids, it is usually necessary to take samples from the container under inspection for detection, which mainly includes two methods. The first one is to place the obtained liquid sample in the cuvette, and then put it into the cuvette rack of the instrument for detection; the second one is to insert the liquid optical fiber probe with a slit into the liquid in the container to be tested, The detection liquid directly flows into the slit of the fiber optic probe as a cuvette to realize the sampling operation, and the fiber optic retransmits the signal to the spectrometer to realize fast detection. No matter which of the two methods is used, it is a destructive detection method, and the defects of this method have been described in detail above. However, using the existing infrared spectrometer to directly detect the plasma bag will encounter great difficulties. First, the plasma inactivation bag contains many air bubbles. If these air bubbles are in the detection area, the measurement results will cause great errors; secondly. , When the plasma inactivation bag is directly detected, because the bag body is soft and its shape is irregular, the optical path of the spectral detection is difficult to fix, and it is difficult to calculate the content of the analyte using the quantitative formula. Of course, the plasma in the inactivation bag contains a large number of biological macromolecules, and the carbon-hydrogen bonds in it will generate a large number of near-infrared spectrum signals, which will also interfere with the detection results and bring certain difficulties to the detection method.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种利用近红外光谱检测血浆灭活袋中亚甲蓝释放量的方法,该方法克服了现有技术难以准确对形状不规则的样品进行近红外定量的缺陷,实现了血浆灭活袋中的亚甲蓝释放量的无损、快速、准确分析。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for detecting the amount of methylene blue released in the plasma inactivation bag by using near-infrared spectroscopy, which overcomes the difficulty of performing near-infrared measurements on irregularly shaped samples in the prior art. Quantitative defects realize the non-destructive, rapid and accurate analysis of the amount of methylene blue released in the plasma inactivation bag.
在一方面,本发明提供了一种近红外光谱检测仪,包括光源、单色器、检测器和计算机处理信息系统,还包括一透射平台,透射平台包括一基板,基板上竖直设有两块相互平行的第一竖板和第二竖板,第一竖板和第二竖板上各开设有相对应的透射窗,透射窗覆盖有透明的光学窗片,且光学窗片位于两块竖板相对的侧面上,第一竖板和第二竖板之间设有一载物台,用于承载盛有待测物的软袋,且该载物台位于光学窗片下沿的下方,盛有待测物的软袋位于两个光学窗片之间,至少一个竖板可沿所述基板的表面水平移动,使得盛有待测物的软袋夹持在两个光学窗片之间且两个光学窗片之间的光程可以调整。In one aspect, the present invention provides a near-infrared spectrum detector, including a light source, a monochromator, a detector and a computer processing information system, and also includes a transmission platform, the transmission platform includes a substrate, and the substrate is vertically provided with two The first vertical board and the second vertical board are parallel to each other, and the first vertical board and the second vertical board are respectively provided with corresponding transmission windows, and the transmission windows are covered with transparent optical windows, and the optical windows are located between the two On the opposite side of the vertical plate, there is a stage between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, which is used to carry the soft bag containing the object to be tested, and the stage is located below the lower edge of the optical window, The soft bag containing the object to be tested is located between the two optical windows, and at least one vertical plate can move horizontally along the surface of the substrate, so that the soft bag containing the object to be tested is clamped between the two optical windows And the optical path between the two optical windows can be adjusted.
进一步地,载物台位于光学窗片下沿以下至少2cm。Further, the stage is located at least 2cm below the lower edge of the optical window.
进一步地,第一竖板与基板固定连接,载物台与第一竖板固定连接,第二竖板上开设有正对载物台的条形孔,条形孔与载物台的形状相适配,载物台可滑动插入条形孔中。Further, the first vertical plate is fixedly connected with the base plate, the loading table is fixedly connected with the first vertical plate, and the second vertical plate is provided with a strip-shaped hole facing the loading table, and the strip-shaped hole is consistent with the shape of the loading table. Fitting, the stage can be slid into the bar hole.
进一步地,基板上固定连接有导轨,第二竖板可沿导轨水平滑动并可锁定于导轨的任一位置,从而固定两个光学窗片之间距离(即光程)。Furthermore, a guide rail is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the second riser can slide horizontally along the guide rail and can be locked at any position of the guide rail, thereby fixing the distance between the two optical windows (that is, the optical path).
进一步地,第二竖板远离第一竖板的一面上固定连接有一定位台,第二竖板通过定位台与导轨滑动连接,定位台螺纹连接有一螺杆,螺杆的轴向与第二竖板相垂直,导轨上固定连接有一固定挡板,固定挡板开设一通孔,螺杆穿设于通孔内。Further, a positioning platform is fixedly connected to the side of the second vertical plate away from the first vertical plate, the second vertical plate is slidably connected to the guide rail through the positioning platform, and the positioning platform is screwed with a screw rod, and the axial direction of the screw rod is the same as that of the second vertical plate. Vertically, a fixed baffle is fixedly connected to the guide rail, the fixed baffle is provided with a through hole, and the screw rod is passed through the through hole.
进一步地,光学窗片的材质为石英或光学玻璃。Further, the material of the optical window is quartz or optical glass.
进一步地,透射窗呈矩形。Further, the transmission window is rectangular.
进一步地,光学窗片的面积大于透射窗的面积。Further, the area of the optical window is larger than that of the transmission window.
在另一方面,本发明还提供了一种利用近红外光谱检测血浆灭活袋中亚甲蓝释放量的方法,采用上述近红外光谱检测仪,包括以下步骤:In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for utilizing near-infrared spectroscopy to detect the release of methylene blue in the plasma inactivation bag, using the above-mentioned near-infrared spectroscopy detector, comprising the following steps:
(1)调整第一竖板和第二竖板之间的距离,使两个光学窗片之间的光程固定为2.0-5.0mm;优选地,光程为3.5mm;(1) Adjust the distance between the first vertical plate and the second vertical plate, so that the optical path between the two optical windows is fixed at 2.0-5.0mm; preferably, the optical path is 3.5mm;
(2)将血浆灭活袋放在近红外光谱检测仪的载物台上并使其位于两个光学窗片之间,并在袋的上方轻微用力挤压,使血浆灭活袋紧密地与两个光学窗片接触,且血浆灭活袋的被挤压后形成规则的平面并将其表面压成平面,其中血浆灭活袋中盛有已知亚甲蓝含量的血浆标准溶液;(2) Put the plasma inactivation bag on the stage of the near-infrared spectroscopy detector and make it between the two optical windows, and squeeze it slightly above the bag so that the plasma inactivation bag is tightly connected to the The two optical windows are in contact, and the plasma inactivation bag is squeezed to form a regular plane and its surface is pressed into a plane, wherein the plasma inactivation bag contains a plasma standard solution with known methylene blue content;
(3)在波数4000-10000cm-1的条件下对血浆标准溶液进行近红外光谱检测,重复测试多个样本,根据多个样本的近红外光谱检测结果,利用PLS法建立亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型;(3) Under the condition of wave number 4000-10000cm -1 , carry out near-infrared spectrum detection to plasma standard solution, repeat test a plurality of samples, according to the near-infrared spectrum detection result of multiple samples, utilize PLS method to establish the methylene blue release amount Multivariate analysis model;
(4)将待测的含亚甲蓝的血浆灭活袋放在所述载物台上,并在袋的上方轻微用力挤压,使血浆灭活袋紧密地与两个光学窗片接触,且血浆灭活袋被挤压后形成规则的平面;(4) Place the plasma inactivation bag containing methylene blue to be tested on the stage, and squeeze it slightly above the bag so that the plasma inactivation bag is in close contact with the two optical windows, And the plasma inactivation bag is squeezed to form a regular plane;
(5)在波数4000-10000cm-1的条件下进行近红外光谱检测,利用所述亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型确定血浆灭活袋中亚甲蓝的释放量。(5) Near-infrared spectrum detection is carried out under the condition of wave number 4000-10000cm −1 , and the release amount of methylene blue in the plasma inactivation bag is determined by using the multivariate analysis model of methylene blue release amount.
进一步地,在步骤(2)中,血浆标准溶液中亚甲蓝的浓度为0.312μmol/L-2.959μmol/L。Further, in step (2), the concentration of methylene blue in the plasma standard solution is 0.312 μmol/L-2.959 μmol/L.
进一步地,在步骤(3)中,血浆标准溶液的个数为52个。Further, in step (3), the number of plasma standard solutions is 52.
进一步地,在步骤(3)和步骤(5)中,近红外光谱检测的近红外光扫描分辨率为8cm-1,扫描次数为32次,扫描速度为0.3165。Further, in step (3) and step (5), the near-infrared light scanning resolution of the near-infrared spectroscopy detection is 8 cm -1 , the number of scans is 32, and the scan speed is 0.3165.
进一步地,在步骤(3)和步骤(5)中,近红外光谱检测的扫描光圈为22,增益为1。Further, in step (3) and step (5), the scanning aperture of the near-infrared spectrum detection is 22, and the gain is 1.
进一步地,在步骤(3)和步骤(5)中,近红外光谱检测后,选择3999.7-4265.8cm-1区间的吸光度均值作为漂移量,对检测的近红外光谱进行漂移消除。Further, in step (3) and step (5), after the near-infrared spectrum is detected, the average absorbance value in the interval of 3999.7-4265.8 cm -1 is selected as the drift amount, and the drift is eliminated for the detected near-infrared spectrum.
进一步地,在步骤(3)和步骤(5)中,近红外光谱检测后,选择5350-6600cm-1和7200-10001cm-1两个区间的吸光度作为富信息光谱。优选地,近红外检测后,选择5827.9-6464.3cm-1和7467.1-9009.9cm-1两个区间的吸光度作为富信息光谱。Further, in step (3) and step (5), after near-infrared spectrum detection, the absorbance in the two intervals of 5350-6600cm -1 and 7200-10001cm -1 is selected as the information-rich spectrum. Preferably, after near-infrared detection, the absorbance in the two intervals of 5827.9-6464.3 cm -1 and 7467.1-9009.9 cm -1 is selected as the information-rich spectrum.
进一步地,在步骤(3)中,选择主成分数为11,按浓度的高低分布随机选择11个样本为预测集,以剩余的41个样本为校正集,利用PLS法建立亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型。Further, in step (3), the number of principal components is selected to be 11, and 11 samples are randomly selected as the prediction set according to the distribution of concentration, and the remaining 41 samples are used as the calibration set, and the release amount of methylene blue is established by the PLS method. multivariate analysis model.
进一步地,亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型的公式为:c=k1A1+k2A2+···+knAn,其中,c代表样品中亚甲蓝的浓度,A1、A2···An分别为从该样本的检测光谱中所选择的富信息光谱区间对应的波长为λ1、λ2···λn处的吸光度,k1、k2···kn为相应的PLS回归系数。Further, the formula of the multivariate analysis model of methylene blue release is: c=k 1 A 1 +k 2 A 2 +···+k n A n , wherein, c represents the concentration of methylene blue in the sample, A 1 , A 2 ···A n are the absorbance at the wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 ··· λn corresponding to the information-rich spectral interval selected from the detection spectrum of the sample, k 1 , k 2 · ··k n is the corresponding PLS regression coefficient.
进一步地,在步骤(2)之前,还包括将充有空气的且未使用过的血浆灭活袋放在所述近红外光谱检测仪的载物台上进行近红外光谱检测后作为光谱背景的步骤。Further, before step (2), it also includes placing an air-filled and unused plasma inactivation bag on the stage of the near-infrared spectrum detector for near-infrared spectrum detection as a spectral background step.
借由上述方案,本发明至少具有以下优点:By means of the above solution, the present invention has at least the following advantages:
本发明的近红外光谱检测仪的透射平台的结构设置能够实现血浆灭活袋无损检测时固定光程,且能够有效解决血浆灭活袋中的气泡存在于检测光路之中的问题,使定量结果准确、可靠。由于光学窗片的挤压作用,将两块光学窗片之间的血浆灭活袋挤压为规则的平面,同时,由于气泡的密度较低,在光学窗片挤压力下,二者之间的血浆灭活袋中的气泡被自然地赶到了光学窗片挤压部分以外的血浆灭活袋中,从而使气泡不会出现在检测区域。The structural setting of the transmission platform of the near-infrared spectrum detector of the present invention can realize the fixed optical path during the non-destructive detection of the plasma inactivation bag, and can effectively solve the problem that the air bubbles in the plasma inactivation bag exist in the detection optical path, so that the quantitative results Accurate and reliable. Due to the extrusion of the optical windows, the plasma inactivation bag between the two optical windows is squeezed into a regular plane. The air bubbles in the plasma inactivation bag between them are naturally driven to the plasma inactivation bag outside the extrusion part of the optical window, so that the air bubbles will not appear in the detection area.
本发明的方法实现了非取样方式下,在血浆灭活袋外即可实现血浆灭活袋中的亚甲蓝释放量的无损、快速、准确分析。模型计算浓度对各样本真实浓度的相关系数分别为98.16%(校正集)和98.93%(预测集),高中低浓度组样本的平均回收率为103.6%-110.8%。The method of the invention realizes the non-destructive, fast and accurate analysis of the amount of methylene blue released in the plasma inactivation bag outside the plasma inactivation bag in a non-sampling mode. The correlation coefficients of the model calculated concentration to the real concentration of each sample were 98.16% (calibration set) and 98.93% (prediction set), and the average recoveries of the samples in the high, middle and low concentration groups were 103.6%-110.8%.
上述说明仅是本发明技术方案的概述,为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段,并可依照说明书的内容予以实施,以下以本发明的较佳实施例并配合附图详细说明如后。The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention. In order to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly and implement them according to the contents of the description, the preferred embodiments of the present invention and accompanying drawings are described in detail below.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明透射平台的立体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the transmission platform of the present invention;
图2是本发明透射平台的前侧面结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front side structure of the transmission platform of the present invention;
图3是本发明透射平台的左侧面结构示意图;Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the left side of the transmission platform of the present invention;
图4是图3中圈A的放大结构示意图;Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an enlarged structure of circle A in Fig. 3;
图5是本发明透射平台的俯视结构示意图;Fig. 5 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the transmission platform of the present invention;
图6是实施例2中基线漂移消除后的近红外光谱图;Fig. 6 is the near-infrared spectrogram after baseline drift is eliminated in embodiment 2;
图7是基于leave-one-out的交互检验的PLS模型的残差;Figure 7 is the residual of the PLS model based on the leave-one-out interactive test;
图8是亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型图;Fig. 8 is the multivariate analysis model figure of methylene blue release amount;
附图标记说明:Explanation of reference signs:
1-第二竖板;2-石英片;3-血浆灭活袋;4-透射窗;5-基板;6-第一竖板;7-载物台;8-定位台;9-螺杆;10-导轨;11-固定挡板。1-second vertical plate; 2-quartz plate; 3-plasma inactivation bag; 4-transmission window; 5-substrate; 6-first vertical plate; 7-stage; 8-positioning platform; 9-screw; 10-guide rail; 11-fixed baffle.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本发明,但不用来限制本发明的范围。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
实施例1Example 1
参见图1-5,本发明的一种近红外光谱检测仪,包括光源、单色器、检测器和计算机处理信息系统,还包括一透射平台,透射平台包括一基板5,基板5上活动连接有两块相互平行的第一竖板6和第二竖板1,第一竖板6和第二竖板1垂直于基板5设置。两块竖板上各开设有相对应的矩形透射窗4,透射窗4上盖设有方形的透明石英片2,石英片2位于两块竖板相对的侧面上,石英片2的面积大于透射窗4的面积。第一竖板6与基板5固定连接,第一竖板6上还固定连接有载物台7,载物台7位于石英片2下沿以下至少2cm,载物台7用于放置盛有待测物的软袋。载物台7的上表面与基板5相平行,第二竖板1上开设有正对载物台7的条形孔,条形孔与载物台7的形状相适配,以使得载物台7可滑动的插入条形孔中。基板5上固定连接有两条导轨10,导轨10垂直于第二竖板1设置,第二竖板1可沿导轨10水平滑动。第二竖板1远离第一竖板6的一面上固定连接有一定位台8,定位台8螺纹连接有一螺杆9,螺杆9的轴向与第二竖板1相垂直,定位台8与导轨10滑动连接,导轨10上固定连接有一固定挡板11,固定挡板11开设一通孔,螺杆9穿设于通孔内。Referring to Fig. 1-5, a kind of near-infrared spectrum detector of the present invention, comprises light source, monochromator, detector and computer processing information system, also comprises a transmission platform, and transmission platform comprises a substrate 5, and flexible connection on the substrate 5 There are two first vertical boards 6 and second vertical boards 1 parallel to each other, and the first vertical boards 6 and second vertical boards 1 are arranged perpendicular to the base plate 5 . Each of the two vertical plates is provided with a corresponding rectangular transmission window 4, and the upper cover of the transmission window 4 is provided with a square transparent quartz plate 2. The quartz plate 2 is located on the opposite side of the two vertical plates, and the area of the quartz plate 2 is larger than that of the transmission window. The area of window 4. The first vertical plate 6 is fixedly connected with the base plate 5, and the first vertical plate 6 is also fixedly connected with a stage 7, the stage 7 is located at least 2 cm below the lower edge of the quartz plate 2, and the stage 7 is used for placing Soft bag for measuring objects. The upper surface of the stage 7 is parallel to the base plate 5, and the second vertical plate 1 is provided with a strip hole facing the stage 7, and the strip hole is adapted to the shape of the stage 7, so that the loading The table 7 is slidably inserted into the bar-shaped hole. Two guide rails 10 are fixedly connected to the base plate 5 , the guide rails 10 are arranged perpendicular to the second riser 1 , and the second riser 1 can slide horizontally along the guide rails 10 . The second riser 1 is fixedly connected with a positioning platform 8 on one side away from the first riser 6, and the positioning platform 8 is threadedly connected with a screw rod 9, and the axial direction of the screw rod 9 is perpendicular to the second riser 1, and the positioning platform 8 and the guide rail 10 Slidingly connected, the guide rail 10 is fixedly connected with a fixed baffle 11, the fixed baffle 11 is provided with a through hole, and the screw rod 9 is penetrated in the through hole.
在进行样品检测时,例如血浆灭活袋3内的样品检测,先调节螺杆使其带动第二竖板1沿导轨10移动,使其滑动至需要的距离,滑动方向与竖板所在的平面垂直,然后调节螺杆9使第二竖板1固定在此位置,即固定了透射检测的光程。且第二竖板1在滑动过程中,载物台7可滑动地插入其上设置的条形孔中,以方便调节光程且保证在不同的光程下,石英片2都可以将血浆灭活袋3夹紧。将血浆灭活袋3放在载物台7上,并在袋的上方轻微用力挤压,使血浆灭活袋紧密地与两个光学窗片接触,使得血浆灭活袋3夹持在两个石英片2之间。在石英片2挤压血浆灭活袋3时,使得两块石英片2之间的血浆灭活袋3形成规则的形状,由此固定了确切的光程(如图4中的标线“5”所标示的距离即为检测光程),且血浆灭活袋3中的气泡向石英片2上沿以上的血浆袋部分迁移,使得石英片2之间没有气泡,防止其对检测结果造成影响。When performing sample detection, such as the sample detection in the plasma inactivation bag 3, first adjust the screw to drive the second vertical plate 1 to move along the guide rail 10, so that it slides to the required distance, and the sliding direction is perpendicular to the plane where the vertical plate is located , and then adjust the screw 9 to fix the second vertical plate 1 at this position, that is, the optical path of the transmission detection is fixed. And during the sliding process of the second vertical plate 1, the stage 7 is slidably inserted into the strip-shaped hole provided thereon to facilitate the adjustment of the optical path and ensure that the quartz plate 2 can sterilize the plasma under different optical paths. Live bag 3 is clamped. Put the plasma inactivation bag 3 on the stage 7, and squeeze it slightly above the bag, so that the plasma inactivation bag is in close contact with the two optical windows, so that the plasma inactivation bag 3 is clamped between the two optical windows. Between 2 pieces of quartz. When the quartz plate 2 squeezes the plasma inactivation bag 3, the plasma inactivation bag 3 between the two quartz plates 2 forms a regular shape, thereby fixing the exact optical path (marking line "5" in Fig. 4 "The distance marked is the detection optical path), and the air bubbles in the plasma inactivation bag 3 migrate to the part of the plasma bag above the upper edge of the quartz sheet 2, so that there are no air bubbles between the quartz sheets 2, preventing it from affecting the detection results .
实施例2Example 2
以下实施例中,使用的材料包括:苏州市红十字中心血站提供的非灭活人血浆,使用一次性病毒灭活配套装置中的过滤器滤除白细胞,得不含亚甲蓝的血浆(即空白血浆)。包含血浆灭活袋的一次性使用血液采输器(转移袋,规格:35ml,生产批号:170428,四川南格尔生物科技有限公司)。亚甲蓝盐酸盐(分析纯,基于干燥品的含量>97%,Sigma-Aldrich公司),实验用水为三蒸水。近红外光谱仪(型号:NEXUS,美国Thermo公司),其透射平台按照实施例1进行改造。In the following examples, the materials used include: non-inactivated human plasma provided by the Blood Bank of Suzhou Red Cross Center, using the filter in the disposable virus inactivation accessory device to filter out white blood cells to obtain plasma without methylene blue ( i.e. blank plasma). Disposable blood collection and transfusion set containing plasma inactivation bag (transfer bag, specification: 35ml, production batch number: 170428, Sichuan Nangeer Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). Methylene blue hydrochloride (analytically pure, >97% based on dry product content, Sigma-Aldrich Company), the experimental water is triple distilled water. Near-infrared spectrometer (model: NEXUS, American Thermo Company), its transmission platform is modified according to embodiment 1.
本实施例为亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型的建立方法,具体如下:The present embodiment is the establishment method of the multivariate analysis model of methylene blue release amount, specifically as follows:
(1)首先配置亚甲蓝储备液:称取亚甲蓝1.3953g(分析纯,干燥失重率为10.6%),置于500mL的容量瓶中,用PBS溶液定容。精密量取1.00ml亚甲蓝溶液,再用PBS溶液定容至1000ml,即得7.8μmol/L亚甲蓝储备液。避光、密封保存。(1) First prepare the methylene blue stock solution: weigh 1.3953 g of methylene blue (analytically pure, with a drying weight loss rate of 10.6%), place it in a 500 mL volumetric flask, and dilute to volume with PBS solution. Accurately measure 1.00ml of methylene blue solution, and then dilute to 1000ml with PBS solution to obtain 7.8μmol/L methylene blue stock solution. Protect from light and keep sealed.
(2)再配置待测样本:首先利用亚甲蓝储备液和PBS缓冲液(pH=7.4),采用逐步稀释法配制一级和二级稀释液。之后,以储备液、稀释液和血浆,精密配制浓度为0.312-2.959μmol/L的亚甲蓝血浆溶液共52个。最后,用一次性灭菌注射器向各血液采输转移袋中加注亚甲蓝血浆溶液,即得待测样本。(2) Reconfigure the sample to be tested: firstly, use the methylene blue stock solution and PBS buffer solution (pH=7.4) to prepare primary and secondary dilutions by stepwise dilution method. After that, a total of 52 methylene blue plasma solutions with a concentration of 0.312-2.959 μmol/L were precisely prepared from the stock solution, dilution solution and plasma. Finally, inject the methylene blue plasma solution into each blood collection and transfusion transfer bag with a disposable sterilized syringe to obtain the sample to be tested.
(3)样本的近红外光谱检测(3) Near-infrared spectroscopy detection of samples
用酒精擦拭待测血浆灭活袋的外表面和透射平台上的石英片,按实施例1的方法调整第一竖板6和第二竖板1之间的距离,使两个光学窗片之间的光程固定为3.5mm。之后,将血浆灭活袋按照实施例1的方法放置在透射平台上,血浆灭活袋每次放的位置尽量左右两边对齐,测定样本光谱。仪器参数为:波数4000-10000cm-1,光程3.5mm,分辨率8cm-1,扫描次数32,扫描速度0.3165,光圈22,增益1。在当天检测样本前,用充有空气的、未使用的血浆灭活袋作为光谱背景。Wipe the outer surface of the plasma inactivation bag to be tested and the quartz plate on the transmission platform with alcohol, and adjust the distance between the first vertical plate 6 and the second vertical plate 1 according to the method in Example 1, so that the distance between the two optical windows is The optical distance between them is fixed at 3.5mm. Afterwards, the plasma inactivation bag was placed on the transmission platform according to the method in Example 1, and the position of the plasma inactivation bag was aligned with the left and right sides as far as possible each time, and the spectrum of the sample was measured. The instrument parameters are: wavenumber 4000-10000cm -1 , optical path 3.5mm, resolution 8cm -1 , scanning times 32, scanning speed 0.3165, aperture 22, gain 1. Air-filled, unused plasma inactivated bags were used as spectral background before testing samples on the day.
(4)将检测获得的血浆袋中样本的近红外透射光谱以3999.7-4265.8cm-1区间的光谱为标准进行基线漂移校准。选择5827.9-6464.3cm-1和7467.1-9009.9cm-1为富信息区间,以均值中心化的光谱为模型变量,选择主成分数为11,按浓度的高低分布随机选择11个样本为预测集,以剩余的41个样本为校正集,以PLS方法建立亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型。(4) The near-infrared transmission spectrum of the sample in the plasma bag obtained by detection is used as the standard spectrum in the range of 3999.7-4265.8 cm -1 to perform baseline drift calibration. Select 5827.9-6464.3cm -1 and 7467.1-9009.9cm -1 as the rich information interval, take the mean-centered spectrum as the model variable, select the number of principal components as 11, and randomly select 11 samples according to the distribution of concentration as the prediction set. Taking the remaining 41 samples as the calibration set, the multivariate analysis model of methylene blue release was established by PLS method.
对于近红外光谱的低波数区域,通常将会出现一段光谱基线。它应该是水平线,不同浓度的样本在该区间的光谱应该完全重叠、没有统计差异,且吸收度均值为0。图6中,在3999.7-4265.8cm-1区间即为各样本的光谱基线。然而,原始光谱中,不同浓度样本的基线发生了漂移,漂移量约为7,这种与浓度无关的漂移量将对亚甲蓝释放量的准确度产生影响。以每个样本的检测光谱在3999.7-4265.8cm-1区间的吸光度均值作为漂移量,对其进行漂移消除,即得所有样本的消除漂移后的光谱。For the low wavenumber region of the near-infrared spectrum, there will usually be a spectral baseline. It should be a horizontal line, and the spectra of samples of different concentrations in this interval should completely overlap, have no statistical difference, and have an absorbance mean of 0. In Fig. 6, the spectral baseline of each sample is in the interval of 3999.7-4265.8 cm -1 . However, in the original spectrum, the baselines of samples with different concentrations drifted by about 7, and this concentration-independent drift will affect the accuracy of methylene blue release. The average absorbance value of the detected spectrum of each sample in the range of 3999.7-4265.8 cm -1 is used as the drift amount, and the drift is eliminated to obtain the drift-eliminated spectra of all samples.
从基线漂移消除后的光谱(图6)可以发现,亚甲蓝的血浆样本在整个光谱区间出现了5350-6600cm-1和7200-10001cm-1两个区间的明显吸收峰,为吸收峰光谱区。对于前者,由高低两个肩峰组成,在5350-5828cm-1的低波数区域,光谱不但吸收度较低,基本为无峰的水平线,且出现了波浪式的毛刺,这类低信噪比的光谱信号将影响定量分析模型的精密度。而高波数区间6464-6600cm-1的光谱,为该吸收峰的末端光谱,吸收度较低,信号较弱,同样也表现为低信噪比。因此,选择该吸收峰光谱区的5827.9-6464.3cm-1的光谱为富信号光谱。同理,在7200-10001cm-1吸收峰光谱区,选择7467.1-9009.9cm-1的光谱为富信号光谱。From the spectrum after baseline drift elimination (Figure 6), it can be found that the plasma sample of methylene blue has two obvious absorption peaks in the range of 5350-6600cm -1 and 7200-10001cm -1 in the entire spectral range, which are the absorption peak spectral regions . For the former, it consists of two high and low shoulder peaks. In the low wave number region of 5350-5828cm -1 , the spectrum not only has low absorption, but is basically a horizontal line without peaks, and there are wavy burrs. This type of low signal-to-noise ratio The spectral signal will affect the precision of the quantitative analysis model. The spectrum in the high wavenumber range of 6464-6600cm -1 is the end spectrum of the absorption peak, with low absorption and weak signal, which also shows a low signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, the spectrum at 5827.9-6464.3 cm -1 in the absorption peak spectral region is selected as the signal-rich spectrum. Similarly, in the 7200-10001cm -1 absorption peak spectral region, select the 7467.1-9009.9cm -1 spectrum as the rich signal spectrum.
以5827.9-6464.3cm-1和7467.1-9009.9cm-1的光谱为富信息光谱,以均值中心化的光谱为模型变量,以校正集样本按leave-one-out的交互检验,计算不同主成分数时PLS模型预测亚甲蓝浓度的残差(图7)。我们可以发现,随着主成分数的增加,预测的浓度残差具有逐渐减小的趋势,表明模型的准确性逐渐增高。当主成分数≥11以后,预测残差减小的程度明显变小,说明主成分数继续增加对模型准确性的贡献率较低。当然,主成分数过大也会导致模型的过拟合,因此,选择11为主成分数。Using the spectra of 5827.9-6464.3cm -1 and 7467.1-9009.9cm -1 as the rich information spectrum, using the mean-centered spectrum as the model variable, and using the calibration set samples according to the leave-one-out interactive test, calculate the scores of different principal components When the PLS model predicts the residual of methylene blue concentration (Fig. 7). We can find that as the number of principal components increases, the predicted concentration residuals tend to decrease gradually, indicating that the accuracy of the model gradually increases. When the number of principal components is greater than or equal to 11, the degree of reduction in the prediction residual decreases significantly, indicating that the continued increase in the number of principal components has a low contribution to the accuracy of the model. Of course, too large a number of principal components will also lead to overfitting of the model, so 11 is selected as the number of principal components.
以选择的两个区间的富信息光谱为亚甲蓝释放量的识别变量,基于前述确定的主成分数,经光谱均值中心化,利用PLS方法建立释放量的多变量分析模型,其中按亚甲蓝浓度的高低分布,随机选择11个样本为预测集,其余的41个为预测集,结果参见图8,图中的▲代表校正集样本,●代表预测集样本。可以发现,在多变量分析模型中,校正样本的校正浓度与真实浓度能够较好地相互对应,在整个检测浓度区间,它们均分布在真实浓度(对角线)附近,其相关系数Rcorr=98.16%。利用建立的模型,对独立的预测集样本中的亚甲蓝释放量进行预测(即样本检测),也不难发现,这些样本的预测浓度仍然表现出了良好的对应关系,它们也能够分布在真实浓度的附近,其相关系数Rpred高达98.93%。由此表明,本发明建立的模型具有良好的准确度。Taking the information-rich spectra of the selected two intervals as the identification variable of the release of methylene blue, based on the previously determined principal component numbers, centering the spectral mean, and using the PLS method to establish a multivariate analysis model for the release of methylene blue, in which methylene blue For the high and low distribution of blue concentration, 11 samples are randomly selected as the prediction set, and the remaining 41 samples are the prediction set. The results are shown in Figure 8. ▲ in the figure represents the calibration set sample, and ● represents the prediction set sample. It can be found that in the multivariate analysis model, the calibration concentration and the real concentration of the calibration sample can correspond to each other well, and they are all distributed near the real concentration (diagonal line) in the entire detection concentration interval, and the correlation coefficient Rcorr=98.16 %. Using the established model to predict the release of methylene blue in the independent prediction set samples (i.e. sample detection), it is not difficult to find that the predicted concentrations of these samples still show a good correspondence, and they can also be distributed in Near the real concentration, the correlation coefficient Rpred is as high as 98.93%. This shows that the model established by the present invention has good accuracy.
为了说明模型的准确度,设计高中低浓度组的样本,进行回收率试验,结果见表1。从表1可见,无论浓度高低,各浓度组均有良好的回收率,回收率在103.6%-110.8%,且没有浓度高低相关性,具有随机性,说明建立的无损检测方法准确、可靠。当然,最低回收率低至96%,而最高则高达119%,这对于一个无损的、快速检测方法,特别是生物样本的检测,完全是一个可以接受的准确度。In order to illustrate the accuracy of the model, the samples of high, middle and low concentration groups were designed and the recovery rate test was carried out. The results are shown in Table 1. It can be seen from Table 1 that no matter the concentration is high or low, each concentration group has a good recovery rate, the recovery rate is 103.6%-110.8%, and there is no correlation between the concentration level and randomness, which shows that the established non-destructive testing method is accurate and reliable. Of course, the lowest recovery rate is as low as 96%, and the highest is as high as 119%, which is an acceptable accuracy for a non-destructive and rapid detection method, especially for the detection of biological samples.
表1近红外光谱非损伤检测血浆中亚甲蓝释放量的准确度Table 1 Accuracy of non-invasive detection of methylene blue release in plasma by near-infrared spectroscopy
以上结果表明,本发明利用近红外光的良好穿透性,采用近红外透射光谱建立了血液采输转移袋中血浆病毒灭活剂亚甲蓝释放量的无损检测模型和方法。将在血浆袋外进行无损检测获得的血浆袋中样本的近红外透射光谱作为识别变量,以3999.7-4265.8cm-1区间的光谱为标准进行基线漂移校准,选择5827.9-6464.3cm-1和7467.1-9009.9cm-1区间的光谱为富信息光谱,以均值中心化的光谱为模型变量,选择主成分数为11,随机选择11个样本为预测集,以剩余的41个样本为校正集,以PLS方法建立了亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型。该模型的公式如下:The above results show that the present invention uses the good penetrability of near-infrared light to establish a non-destructive detection model and method for the release of plasma virus inactivator methylene blue in blood collection and transfusion transfer bags by using near-infrared transmission spectroscopy. The near-infrared transmission spectrum of the sample in the plasma bag obtained by non-destructive testing outside the plasma bag was used as the identification variable, and the baseline drift calibration was performed based on the spectrum in the interval 3999.7-4265.8cm- 1 , and 5827.9-6464.3cm -1 and 7467.1- The spectrum in the 9009.9cm -1 interval is an information-rich spectrum, the mean-centered spectrum is used as the model variable, the number of principal components is selected as 11, 11 samples are randomly selected as the prediction set, and the remaining 41 samples are used as the correction set, and the PLS Methods A multivariate analysis model for methylene blue release was established. The formula for this model is as follows:
c=k1A1+k2A2+···+knAn,其中,c代表样品中亚甲蓝的浓度,A1、A2···An分别为从该样本的检测光谱中所选择的富信息光谱区间对应的波长为λ1、λ2···λn处的吸光度,k1、k2···kn为相应的PLS回归系数。c=k 1 A 1 +k 2 A 2 +···+k n A n , where c represents the concentration of methylene blue in the sample, A 1 , A 2 ···A n are the detected The wavelengths corresponding to the selected information-rich spectral intervals in the spectrum are the absorbance at λ 1 , λ 2 ···λ n , and k 1 , k 2 ···k n are the corresponding PLS regression coefficients.
模型计算浓度对各样本浓度的相关系数分别为98.16%(校正集)和98.93%(预测集),高中低浓度组样本的平均回收率在103.6%-110.8%。由此说明,本发明建立的近红外透射光谱法能够实现在血浆袋外无损、快速、准确分析采输转移袋中亚甲蓝的释放量。预示着能够在无二次污染的条件下,实现对采输转移袋中血浆病毒灭活质量的监控。The correlation coefficients of the model-calculated concentration to each sample concentration were 98.16% (calibration set) and 98.93% (prediction set), and the average recoveries of samples in the high, middle and low concentration groups were 103.6%-110.8%. This shows that the near-infrared transmission spectroscopy method established by the present invention can realize the non-destructive, rapid and accurate analysis of the release amount of methylene blue in the collection and transportation transfer bag outside the plasma bag. It indicates that under the condition of no secondary pollution, the monitoring of the quality of plasma virus inactivation in the collection, transportation and transfer bag can be realized.
实施例3Example 3
本实施例提供了一种采用上述建立的亚甲蓝释放量的多变量分析模型进行血浆中亚甲蓝释放量的检测方法,具体如下:The present embodiment provides a method for detecting the release of methylene blue in plasma using the multivariate analysis model of the release of methylene blue established above, specifically as follows:
用酒精擦拭待测血浆灭活袋的外表面和透射平台上的石英片,按照实施例1的方法调整第一竖板6和第二竖板1之间的距离,使两个光学窗片之间的光程固定为3.5mm。然后将未知亚甲蓝含量的血浆灭活袋(即释放了亚甲蓝的血浆灭活袋)放在载物台上,血浆灭活袋每次放的位置尽量左右两边对齐,测定样本光谱。仪器参数为:波数4000-10000cm-1,光程3.5mm,分辨率8cm-1,扫描次数32,扫描速度0.3165,光圈22,增益1。在当天检测样本前,用充有空气的、未使用的血浆灭活袋作为光谱背景。然后将所测得的近红外透射光谱以3999.7-4265.8cm-1区间的光谱为标准进行基线漂移校准。选择5827.9-6464.3cm-1和7467.1-9009.9cm-1为富信息区间,将该区间各波长处的吸光度代入实施例2所建立的模型的公式中,计算出血浆灭活袋中的亚甲蓝含量。Wipe the outer surface of the plasma inactivation bag to be tested and the quartz plate on the transmission platform with alcohol, adjust the distance between the first vertical plate 6 and the second vertical plate 1 according to the method in Example 1, so that the distance between the two optical windows The optical distance between them is fixed at 3.5mm. Then put the plasma inactivation bag with unknown methylene blue content (that is, the plasma inactivation bag that released methylene blue) on the stage, and align the left and right sides of the plasma inactivation bag each time as much as possible, and measure the sample spectrum. The instrument parameters are: wavenumber 4000-10000cm -1 , optical path 3.5mm, resolution 8cm -1 , scanning times 32, scanning speed 0.3165, aperture 22, gain 1. Air-filled, unused plasma inactivated bags were used as spectral background before testing samples on the day. Then the measured near-infrared transmission spectrum is calibrated with the spectrum in the range of 3999.7-4265.8 cm -1 as the standard for baseline drift. Select 5827.9-6464.3cm -1 and 7467.1-9009.9cm -1 as the rich information interval, and substitute the absorbance at each wavelength in this interval into the formula of the model established in Example 2 to calculate the methylene blue in the plasma inactivation bag content.
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,并不用于限制本发明,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和变型,这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, some improvements can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention. and modifications, these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.
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