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CN107941249B - Device for embedding optical fiber into deep-drilled vertical hole and installation method - Google Patents

Device for embedding optical fiber into deep-drilled vertical hole and installation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107941249B
CN107941249B CN201711050418.3A CN201711050418A CN107941249B CN 107941249 B CN107941249 B CN 107941249B CN 201711050418 A CN201711050418 A CN 201711050418A CN 107941249 B CN107941249 B CN 107941249B
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optical fiber
steel wire
screw
deep
telescopic rod
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CN107941249A (en
Inventor
朱锦旗
卢毅
于军
魏广庆
龚绪龙
蔡田露
王光亚
刘明遥
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GEOLOGIC SURVEY INST JIANGSU PROVINCE
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GEOLOGIC SURVEY INST JIANGSU PROVINCE
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/268Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D11/00Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/264Mechanical constructional elements therefor ; Mechanical adjustment thereof

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for embedding optical fibers into deep drilled vertical holes and an installation method, and the device is characterized by comprising a traction unit, an optical fiber assembly unit and a control unit, wherein the traction unit comprises an electric telescopic rod and a conical head cylinder; the optical fiber assembling unit comprises a lower pulley, an iron ring, a universal joint, a steel wire, a support and an upper pulley, wherein the lower pulley is fixed at the top end of the iron ring, and the iron ring is fixed on the right side of the top end of the conical head cylinder through the universal joint; the control unit comprises a socket, a vertical screw, a measuring optical fiber, an optical fiber screw, a steel wire screw, an automatic bonding machine, an automatic cutting machine, an electric control stepless speed change motor and a computer, and is connected with the computer through a data line. The invention can simply, conveniently, quickly and effectively bury the optical fiber into the deep-drilled vertical hole so as to save a large amount of time and labor cost.

Description

Device for embedding optical fiber into deep-drilled vertical hole and installation method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber measurement, and particularly relates to a device for embedding an optical fiber into a deep-drilled vertical hole and an installation method.
Background
With the development of the optical fiber sensing technology in recent years, the optical fiber sensing technology has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, water resistance, moisture resistance, long durability, convenience in installation, high sensitivity, capability of realizing long-distance and large-range surface monitoring, small loss of transmission signals and the like, and is widely applied to engineering structures and soil deformation monitoring. Chinese patent application 201611234216.X discloses an installation device and an installation method for placing an optical fiber in a pipeline, which effectively solves the installation problem of the optical fiber in monitoring the leakage of the pipeline, and does not relate to the installation process of the optical fiber in the vertical direction. At present, in actual engineering, optical fibers are placed in a drill hole mainly by fixing the optical fibers on a heavy object, the heavy object is slowly placed in the drill hole by utilizing the gravity of the earth, and then operations such as filling and burying the heavy object, pre-tensioning the optical fibers, backfilling the drill hole and the like are carried out. The following disadvantages exist in this method: firstly, the bore diameter of the drill hole is small, and the optical fiber is difficult to be placed at the bottom of the drill hole when the optical fiber is collapsed in the lowering process; secondly, if the drill hole is deep, the heavy object is easy to shake in the lowering process, which is not beneficial to the stable lowering of the optical fiber; thirdly, when the optical fiber is pre-tensioned after the heavy object is buried, the heavy object is likely to move upwards, so that the monitoring result is not real; fourthly, the method consumes large labor and time cost.
In summary, how to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art has become one of the key problems to be solved in the field of fiber measurement technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a device for embedding an optical fiber into a deep-drilled vertical hole and an installation method.
The device for embedding the optical fiber into the deep-drilled vertical hole is characterized by comprising a traction unit, an optical fiber assembly unit and a control unit, wherein the traction unit comprises an electric telescopic rod and a conical head cylinder, an electromagnetic relay is arranged at the bottom of an inner rod of the electric telescopic rod, and a row of barbs are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the conical head cylinder; the optical fiber assembling unit comprises a lower pulley, an iron ring, a universal joint, a steel wire, a support and an upper pulley, wherein the lower pulley is fixed at the top end of the iron ring, and the iron ring is fixed on the right side of the top end of the conical head cylinder through the universal joint; the control unit comprises a socket, a vertical screw, a measuring optical fiber, an optical fiber screw, a steel wire screw, an automatic bonding machine, an automatic cutting machine, an electric control stepless speed change motor and a computer, and is connected with the computer through a data line.
The realization principle of the invention is as follows: firstly, the end A of the measuring optical fiber is sequentially wound around the upper pulley and the lower pulley and then is inserted into the socket, and the electric telescopic rod and the stepless speed change motor are started, so that the electric telescopic rod and the steel wire screw slowly descend the whole device at a speed V, and the revolution R of the steel wire screw is recorded. When the device reaches the bottom of a deep drilling hole, the pressure sensor sends an instruction, the electric telescopic rod stops working, meanwhile, the automatic gluing machine fixes the measuring optical fiber and the steel wire by 10cm once, and the optical fiber screw rod and the vertical screw rod start to work at a speed V. If the single-end measuring optical fiber is adopted, the vertical screw, the optical fiber screw and the steel wire screw stop working after rotating R turns, and the automatic bonder and the stepless speed change motor stop working at the same time; if the double-end measuring optical fiber is adopted, the vertical screw, the optical fiber screw and the steel wire screw rotate for R turns to stop working, and meanwhile, the automatic gluing machine and the stepless speed change motor stop working. And backfilling the deep drilling hole to the top surface of the cone head cylinder, and then pre-tensioning and fixing the measuring optical fiber. After the pre-drawing of the measuring optical fiber is finished, the displacement sensor sends an instruction, the electromagnetic relay is powered off, the electric telescopic rod and the conical head cylinder are separated, and meanwhile, the electric telescopic rod is retracted. And the automatic cutting machine cuts the steel wire and the measuring optical fiber, connects the measuring optical fiber to the measuring instrument and backfills the drilled hole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable advantages that: firstly, the invention can accurately control the optical fiber measurement depth; secondly, the optical fiber is buried after the drill hole is dredged, so that the damage to the optical fiber is reduced; thirdly, the invention can prevent the displacement of the device when the optical fiber is pre-tensioned; fourthly, the invention can overcome the adverse effects of collapse of the drilled hole and the like; fifthly, the invention can simply, conveniently, quickly and effectively embed the optical fiber into the deep drilling hole, thereby saving a large amount of time and labor cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for embedding an optical fiber into a deep-drilled vertical hole according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the conical head cylinder provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the electric telescopic rod provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a control unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples.
With reference to fig. 1, the device for embedding optical fibers into deep drilled vertical holes provided by the invention comprises a traction unit, an optical fiber assembly unit and a control unit 10, wherein the traction unit comprises an electric telescopic rod 17 and a conical head cylinder 1, an electromagnetic relay 6 is arranged at the bottom of an inner rod of the electric telescopic rod 16, and a row of barbs 2 are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the conical head cylinder 1; the optical fiber assembling unit comprises a lower pulley 5, an iron ring 4, a universal joint 3, a steel wire 7, a support 9 and an upper pulley 8, wherein the lower pulley 5 is fixed at the top end of the iron ring 4, and the iron ring 4 is fixed at the right side of the top end of the conical head cylinder 1 through the universal joint 3; the control unit 10 comprises a socket 11, a vertical screw 12, a measuring optical fiber 13, an optical fiber screw 20, a steel wire 7, a steel wire screw 21, an automatic gluing machine 14, an automatic cutting machine 22 and an electric control stepless speed change motor 15, and the control unit 10 is connected with a computer 18 through a data line 17.
The invention provides a further preferable scheme of the device for embedding the optical fiber into the deep drilled vertical hole, which comprises the following steps:
the right side of the top end of the conical head column body 1 is provided with a universal joint 3, a lower pulley 5 is fixed on the right side of the top end of the conical head column body, the bottom end of the conical head column body is provided with a pressure sensor 19, and the left side edge and the right side edge of the conical head column body are respectively provided with a displacement sensor 23.
The conical head column body 1 is fixed on the bottom surface of an inner rod of an electric telescopic rod 16 through an electromagnetic relay 6.
The electric telescopic rod 16 is made of a stainless steel hollow rod; the electric telescopic rod 16 is internally provided with a wireless sensing device and a wireless transmitting device.
The installation method of the device for embedding the optical fiber into the deep-drilled vertical hole is characterized by being used for embedding the deep-drilled vertical hole with the measurement depth of more than 100cm, and comprising the following specific steps of:
step 1, one end of a steel wire 7 reserved in a control unit 10 respectively rounds an upper pulley 8 and a lower pulley 5 along a support 9 and then is inserted into a socket 11 along the support 9;
step 2, sending instruction information through control software of the computer 18, starting the electric telescopic rod 16 and the electric control stepless speed change motor 15, enabling the electric telescopic rod 16 and the steel wire screw 21 to work at the same speed V, slowly lowering the whole device to the bottom of a deep-drilled vertical hole, and recording the lowering distance of the steel wire screw 21 as S meters;
step 3, when the whole device reaches the bottom of a deep-drilled vertical hole, a pressure sensor 19 at the bottom end of the conical head column body 1 sends instruction information, an electric telescopic rod 16 stops working, meanwhile, an automatic bonding machine 14 fixes the steel wire 7 and the measuring optical fiber 13 every 10cm, an optical fiber screw rod 20 and a vertical screw rod 12 start working at a speed V, the vertical screw rod 12 winds the other end of the steel wire 7 on the vertical screw rod 12, and the other end of the steel wire 7 is pulled upwards;
step 4, working condition 1: the adopted measuring optical fiber 13 is single-end measurement, the optical fiber screw 20 and the steel wire screw 21 put the measuring optical fiber 13 and the steel wire 7 down for 0.5S and stop working, and meanwhile, the vertical screw 12, the automatic gluing machine 14 and the electric control stepless speed change motor 15 stop working; working condition 2: the adopted measuring optical fiber 13 is measured at two ends, the optical fiber screw 20 and the steel wire screw 21 put the measuring optical fiber 13 and the steel wire 7 for S meters and stop working, and meanwhile, the vertical screw 12, the automatic gluing machine 14 and the electric control stepless speed change motor 15 stop working;
step 5, deep drilling a vertical hole, backfilling to the top surface of the conical head column body 1, and then pre-tensioning and fixing the measuring optical fiber 13;
step 6, after the pre-drawing of the measuring optical fiber 13 is finished, the displacement sensor 23 sends out instruction information, the electromagnetic relay 6 is powered off, the electric telescopic rod 16 is separated from the conical head cylinder 1, and meanwhile, the electric telescopic rod 16 is retracted;
and 7, sending instruction information through control software of the computer 18, cutting the steel wire (7) and the measuring optical fiber 13 by the automatic cutting machine 22, connecting the measuring optical fiber 13 with the measuring instrument, and backfilling the drilled hole.
The component selection requirement of the device for embedding the optical fiber into the deep drilled vertical hole provided by the invention is as follows:
two rows of barbs 2 are arranged on two sides of the cone head column body 1, the universal joint 3 is arranged on the right side of the top end of the cone head column body, the lower pulley 5 is fixed on the universal joint, the pressure sensor 19 is arranged at the bottom end of the cone head, and the displacement sensor 23 is arranged on the side edge of the cone head.
The conical head column body 1 is made of stainless steel and is 100cm-150cm long.
The conical head cylinder 1 is fixed on the bottom surface of an inner rod of an electric telescopic rod 17 by an electromagnetic relay 6.
The electric telescopic rod 16 is composed of more than two sections of stainless steel hollow rods, and the length of each rod body is 300cm-1000 cm.
The installation method of the device for embedding the optical fiber into the deep-drilled vertical hole, which is provided by the invention, is taken as a specific application embodiment, the drilling depth of a certain project is selected to be 201m, the deformation depth of a soil body to be monitored is 200m, and the double-end measuring optical fiber is adopted, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
step 1, one end of a steel wire 7 reserved in a control unit 10 is respectively wound around an upper pulley 8 and a lower pulley 5 along a support 9 and then is inserted into a socket 11 along the support 9.
And 2, sending instruction information through control software of the computer 18, starting the electric telescopic rod 16 and the electric control stepless speed change motor 15, enabling the electric telescopic rod 16 and the steel wire screw 21 to work at a speed of 10m/min, slowly lowering the whole device to the bottom of the deep drilling hole, and recording the lowering distance of the steel wire 7 to be 400 m.
And 3, when the whole device reaches the bottom of a deep drilling hole, sending an instruction by a pressure sensor 19 at the bottom end of the conical head column body 1, stopping the work of the electric telescopic rod 16, fixing the steel wire 7 and the measuring optical fiber 13 every 10cm by an automatic bonding machine 14, starting the work of the optical fiber screw rod 20 and the vertical screw rod 12 at the speed of 10m/min, winding the other end of the steel wire 7 on the vertical screw rod 12 by the vertical screw rod 12, and pulling the other end of the steel wire 7 upwards.
And 4, lowering the measuring optical fiber 13 and the steel wire 7 by 400m through the optical fiber screw 20 and the steel wire screw 21, and stopping working, wherein the vertical screw 12, the automatic gluing machine 14 and the electric control stepless speed change motor 15 stop working at the same time.
And 5, deep drilling a vertical hole, backfilling to the top surface of the conical head column body, and then pre-tensioning and fixing the measuring optical fiber 13.
And 6, after the pre-drawing of the measuring optical fiber 13 is finished, the displacement sensor 23 sends out instruction information, the electromagnetic relay 6 is powered off, the electric telescopic rod 16 is separated from the conical head cylinder 1, and meanwhile, the electric telescopic rod 16 is retracted.
And 7, sending instruction information through control software of the computer 18, cutting the steel wire 7 and the measuring optical fiber 13 by the automatic cutting machine 22, connecting the measuring optical fiber 13 with the measuring instrument, and backfilling the drilled hole.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the prior art, and the description thereof is not limited thereto.
The invention obtains satisfactory trial effect through repeated test verification.
The above embodiments and examples are specific supports for the device for embedding an optical fiber into a deep-drilled vertical hole and the installation method provided by the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any equivalent changes or equivalent modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea provided by the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical scheme of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The device for embedding the optical fiber into the deep drilled vertical hole is characterized by comprising a traction unit, an optical fiber assembly unit and a control unit (10), wherein the traction unit comprises an electric telescopic rod (16) and a conical head cylinder (1), an electromagnetic relay (6) is arranged at the bottom of an inner rod of the electric telescopic rod (16), and a row of barbs (2) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the conical head cylinder (1); the optical fiber assembling unit comprises a lower pulley (5), an iron ring (4), a universal joint (3), a steel wire (7), a support (9) and an upper pulley (8), wherein the lower pulley (5) is fixed at the top end of the iron ring (4), and the iron ring (4) is fixed on the right side of the top end of the cone head cylinder (1) through the universal joint (3); the control unit (10) comprises a socket (11), a vertical screw rod (12), a measuring optical fiber (13), an optical fiber screw rod (20), a steel wire (7), a steel wire screw rod (21), an automatic bonding machine (14), an automatic cutting machine (22) and an electric control stepless speed change motor (15), and the control unit (10) is connected with a computer (18) through a data line (17).
2. The device for burying the optical fiber in the deep drilled vertical hole according to claim 1, wherein the right side of the top end of the conical head cylinder (1) is provided with a universal joint (3) and fixed with a lower pulley (5), the bottom end is provided with a pressure sensor (19), and the left side and the right side are respectively provided with a displacement sensor (23).
3. The device for embedding optical fibers in deep drilled vertical holes as claimed in claim 2, wherein the conical head cylinder (1) is fixed on the bottom surface of the inner rod of the electric telescopic rod (16) through the electromagnetic relay (6).
4. A device for embedding optical fibers in deep drilled vertical holes according to claim 3, characterized in that the electric telescopic rod (16) is made of stainless steel hollow rod; the electric telescopic rod (16) is internally provided with a wireless sensing device and a wireless transmitting device.
5. The method for installing an apparatus for installing an optical fiber into a deep-drilled vertical hole according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method is used for installing a deep-drilled vertical hole with a measurement depth of more than 100cm, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, one end of a steel wire (7) reserved in a control unit (10) is respectively wound around an upper pulley (8) and a lower pulley (5) along a support (9) and then inserted into a socket (11) along the support (9);
step 2, sending instruction information through control software of a computer (18), starting an electric telescopic rod (16) and an electric control stepless speed change motor (15), enabling the electric telescopic rod (16) and a steel wire screw (21) to work at the same speed V, slowly lowering the whole device to the bottom of a deep-drilled vertical hole, and recording the lowering distance of the steel wire screw (21) as S meters;
step 3, when the whole device reaches the bottom of a deep-drilled vertical hole, a pressure sensor (19) at the bottom end of the conical head cylinder (1) sends instruction information, an electric telescopic rod (16) stops working, meanwhile, an automatic gluing machine (14) fixes a steel wire (7) and a measuring optical fiber (13) at intervals of 10cm, an optical fiber screw (20) and a vertical screw (12) start to work at a speed V, and the vertical screw (12) winds the other end of the steel wire (7) on the vertical screw (12) and pulls the other end of the steel wire (7) upwards;
step 4, working condition 1: the adopted measuring optical fiber (13) is single-end measurement, the optical fiber screw (20) and the steel wire screw (21) put the measuring optical fiber (13) and the steel wire (7) down for 0.5S and stop working, and meanwhile, the vertical screw (12), the automatic gluing machine (14) and the electric control stepless speed change motor (15) stop working; working condition 2: the adopted measuring optical fiber (13) is measured at two ends, the optical fiber screw (20) and the steel wire screw (21) put the measuring optical fiber (13) and the steel wire (7) for S meters and stop working, and meanwhile, the vertical screw (12), the automatic gluing machine (14) and the electric control stepless speed change motor (15) stop working;
step 5, deep drilling of a vertical hole, backfilling to the top surface of the conical head cylinder (1), and then pre-tensioning and fixing the measuring optical fiber (13);
step 6, after the pre-drawing of the measuring optical fiber (13) is finished, the displacement sensor (23) sends out instruction information, the electromagnetic relay (6) is powered off, the electric telescopic rod (16) is separated from the conical head cylinder (1), and meanwhile, the electric telescopic rod (16) is retracted;
and 7, sending instruction information through control software of the computer (18), cutting the steel wire (7) and the measuring optical fiber (13) by the automatic cutting machine (22), connecting the measuring optical fiber (13) with the measuring instrument, and backfilling the drilled hole.
CN201711050418.3A 2017-10-31 2017-10-31 Device for embedding optical fiber into deep-drilled vertical hole and installation method Active CN107941249B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109083639B (en) * 2018-07-11 2019-07-16 中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所 A method of laying vertical fiber and injection hole sealing in gun drilling
CN114705126B (en) * 2022-01-26 2023-07-25 中煤科工生态环境科技有限公司 Deep goaf optical fiber construction guiding device, process and full stratum monitoring method

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CN1587899A (en) * 2004-09-30 2005-03-02 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 Method and its device for frozen soil subside and drill monitoring
CN104094137A (en) * 2012-01-06 2014-10-08 普拉德研究及开发股份有限公司 Fiber Optic Well Deployment for Seismic Surveying
CN103438820A (en) * 2013-09-05 2013-12-11 南京大学 Borehole profile rock and soil mass layered deformation optical fiber measuring method
CN106917622A (en) * 2015-12-25 2017-07-04 中国石油天然气集团公司 A kind of coal bed gas well monitoring system
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