CN107927327B - A kind of nutrient fortified feed additive and its preparation technology and application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a nutrient enrichment feed additive and a preparation process and application thereof, and the preparation mainly comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating materials, namely uniformly mixing the nutrient-rich plant biomass to be treated with 0.1-1% of an iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution; (2) pretreating the nutrient-rich plant biomass by an oxygen-free-calcium salt hydrothermal method to obtain a solid hydrothermal plant biomass; (3) mixing solid hydrothermal plant biomass and nutrient-rich microbial thalli, and pouring the mixture into a colloid mill for treatment to prepare colloid mill treatment liquid; (4) adding an antioxidant into the colloid mill treatment fluid; (5) homogenizing and emulsifying the antioxidant-rich colloid mill treatment liquid by a high-pressure homogenizer. The nutrition-enriched feed additive prepared by the invention effectively protects the nutrient components in the plant seeds, has the advantages of high digestibility, good absorptivity, high nutrient conversion rate and high deposition rate, and can obviously improve the content of specific nutrients in livestock and poultry products. Can be used as feed additive for livestock, fowl, aquaculture animal, and companion animal.

Description

A kind of nutrient fortified feed additive and its preparation technology and application

technical field

The invention relates to a nutrient-enhanced feed additive, in particular to a feed additive for producing nutrient-enhanced functional food and its preparation process and application.

Background technique

Food contains a variety of nutrients, but due to different types, their distribution and content are also different. In addition, nutrients are often lost during the production, processing and preservation of food. Nutritionally fortified foods refer to foods that have natural or artificially synthesized natural nutrients added to enhance their nutritional content. Nutritionally fortified foods can not only supplement the lack of nutrients in food, improve the nutritional value of food, and meet the needs of different groups of people, but also have the functions of simplifying dietary processing, facilitating food intake, and preventing diseases and health care.

Existing studies have shown that polyunsaturated fatty acid nutrients (including docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, gamma-linolenic acid, etc.) and terpene nutrients (including Astaxanthin and squalene nutrients, etc.) have significant beneficial effects in preventing diseases, promoting human development, and anti-oxidation, so they have become more and more popular nutritional enhancement elements for ordinary consumers and specific consumer groups.

At present, there are two main ways for humans to ingest these nutrients. The first way is to separate, extract and purify specific target nutrients from the original source (microorganisms and plants), and then make high-concentration preparations such as capsules and eat them directly. , this method has the advantages of convenience and quickness for consumers, but the cumbersome, complicated and long extraction process not only destroys the structure and function of nutrients, but also significantly increases the production cost and sales price of nutrients. Compared with the first method of extracting and concentrating from the original producers through industrial separation and then to human beings, the second method is from the original producers-producing animals-meat, eggs, milk-humans. This method of using animals as nutritional elements. The method of separation and concentration saves the high-cost industrial separation and concentration process, and enriches the nutrients in animal products in a healthy, natural and low-cost way. At the same time, this method utilizes specific nutrient synthesis pathways derived from animals to convert low-priced precursors into high-value target nutrients. -The linolenic acid is converted into DHA and ARA respectively, thereby saving the addition of exogenous DHA and ARA, and has the effect of reducing the production cost.

Invention patent 201210385417.5 discloses "a DHA-rich microalgae powder and its preparation method", which directly processes DHA-rich fermentation broth into microalgae powder, and then uses it as a feed additive for animal husbandry and aquaculture. It is effectively enriched in animals, and then through the food delivery route of "DHA-rich microalgae powder → animal body → human", human beings can take in sufficient DHA from their daily diet.

However, due to the inherent cell membrane and cell wall anti-degradation barrier structure of microorganisms and plants, as well as anti-nutritional factors (hemicellulose, phytic acid, acid-soluble lignin, etc.) Therefore, it is urgent to develop a production process for the production of high digestibility nutrient-enhanced feed additives using microorganisms and plants as raw materials.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a nutrient fortified feed additive and its preparation process and application to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the following technical solutions are adopted:

A preparation process of a nutrient fortified feed additive mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) Material pretreatment: Mix the nutrient-rich plant biomass to be treated with 0.1%-1% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixture, and adjust the pH of the mixture to 3-8;

(2) Oxygen-free-calcium chloride hydrothermal treatment: transfer the mixture material prepared in step (1) into the container, and the vacuum pump evacuates the gas in the container to a relative vacuum degree of -0.01 to -0.1Mpa, and under closed stirring conditions After heating until the temperature reaches 100 ℃, deflate until there is no pressure, then continue to heat to 100-150 ℃ in a closed state, keep the temperature for 30-120 minutes, then deflate and cool down to 20-80 ℃, and separate solid-liquid to obtain solid hydrothermal plant biomass. substance;

(3) colloid mill pulverization: the solid hydrothermal plant biomass obtained in step (2) and the nutrient-rich microbial cells are mixed in a ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 by dry weight, and then mixed with deionized water to prepare a concentration of 5 -10% plant biomass-microbial cell suspension, pour the suspension into a colloid mill, run for 10-30min at a 20μm gap, and run for 10-20min at a 10μm gap to prepare a colloid mill treatment solution;

(4) adding antioxidant: adding antioxidant to the colloid mill treatment solution obtained in step (3) and mixing evenly to prepare an antioxidant-colloid mill treatment solution with an antioxidant concentration of 0.001-0.01%;

(5) High-pressure homogenization: The anti-oxidation-colloid mill treatment solution obtained in step (4) is subjected to a high-pressure homogenizer for multiple homogenization treatment.

The presence of iron after heating in step (1) can cause severe Maillard reactions, resulting in harmful by-products, thus requiring no iron. Iron removal from fat and protein rich materials is very important. When the pH value is 3-8, it is beneficial to inhibit the Maillard reaction and improve the extraction rate of hemicellulose in the biomass. Step (2) vacuuming and deoxygenating, heating to 100° C. and then venting is to remove cold air. The purpose of outgassing after the heat treatment is completed is to remove gaseous harmful by-products and to reduce temperature. Step (3) First 20um and then 10um to increase the pulverization efficiency is much stronger than the direct 10um pulverization effect. Colloid mill treatment destroys the structure of plant seeds, reduces the particle size of material particles, and increases the digestion and absorption rate. The antioxidants in step (4) include ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxyanisole, dibutylhydroxytoluene, propyl gallate, tert-butylhydroquinone, tea polyphenols, vitamin E, L-ascorbic acid - one or more of 6-palmitate. The water used in the present invention is deionized water.

Further, the nutrients are aliphatic nutrients, including polyunsaturated fatty acids and sterols.

Further, the aliphatic nutrients include α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (ARA), eicosapenta One or more of EPA, astaxanthin, and squalene; the nutrient-rich plant biomass is linseed (Linum usitatissimum seed), camelina seed (Camelina Sativa), evening primrose (Oenothera) biennis), borage seeds (Borago officinalis), black currant millet seeds (Ribs. nigrum), mangosteen (Siraitia grosvenorii) and perilla seeds (Perilla. frutescens) any one or more.

Further, the nutrient-rich microbial bacteria described in step (3) include docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-producing microorganisms, eicosatetraenoic acid (ARA)-producing microorganisms, and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-producing microorganisms. , one or more of γ-linolenic acid-producing microorganisms, squalene-producing microorganisms, and astaxanthin-producing microorganisms.

Further, the mass ratio of the nutrient-rich plant biomass and water in the mixed material described in step (1) is 1:3-20.

Further, the conditions for the homogenization treatment in step (5) are a pressure of 10-200 MPa and an inlet temperature of the homogenizer of 4-25°C.

Further, the nutrient-rich microbial cells in step (3) exist in one or more forms of wet state, dry state, and fermented liquid state.

Further, the DHA-producing microorganisms are Schizochytrium, Thraustochytrium, Crypthecodinium, Ulkenia, Shewanella and one or more of Mortierella; the ARA-producing microorganism is Mortierella; the EPA-producing microorganism is Nannochloropsis, Chlorella One or more of the γ-linolenic acid-producing microorganisms are one or more of Mucor and Mortierella, and the astaxanthin-producing microorganisms are Genera Rhodotorula, Rhododendron One or more of the genus Rhodosporidium, Sporospora, Dunaliella, and Haematococcus, and the squalene-producing microorganism is Schizochytrium, Thraustocystis One or more of Thraustochytrium and Pseudozyma.

A nutrient-enhanced feed additive prepared by the above preparation process.

The use of the above-mentioned nutrient-enhanced feed additive is used as a feed additive for livestock and poultry, aquaculture animals and companion animals; the livestock and poultry include cattle, pigs, chickens, ducks and geese; the aquatic animals include shrimp, fish and crabs; The companion animals are cats, dogs and birds.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) The present invention uses microorganisms and plant biomass rich in specific nutrient elements as raw materials, and establishes the preparation of high-digestibility nutrient-enhanced feed additives based on anaerobic-calcium brine thermal pretreatment, colloid mill crushing and high-pressure homogenization treatment methods craft. By extracting hemicellulose from biomass lignocellulose, it destroys the anti-degradation barrier of microorganisms and plant cells, and the addition of calcium chloride can also significantly promote the degradation of the anti-degradation barrier of plant cell walls, and increase the animal digestion and absorption rate of target nutrients. At the same time, the hydrothermal pretreatment method can also convert anti-nutritional factors in biomass into nutrients required for animal growth, such as converting hemicellulose into oligosaccharides, anti-nutritional factors phytic acid into inositol and phosphoric acid, converting anti-nutritional factors into oligosaccharides. The factor acid-soluble lignin is converted into polyphenols, etc. After this method, the anti-nutritional factors of plant seeds will be reduced and the digestibility will be significantly improved.

(2) For the plant seeds containing oil and protein, the present invention innovatively develops the anaerobic-calcium brine thermal pretreatment technology. This method is to carry out high-temperature hydrothermal treatment in the absence of oxygen, iron ions and calcium ions. , significantly reducing the occurrence of Maillard reaction, thus effectively protecting the nutrients in plant seeds.

(3) The degassing step in the anaerobic-calcium brine thermal pretreatment technology can significantly remove low-boiling substances such as alcohols, aldehydes, and acids generated in the hydrothermal process.

(4) The present invention carries out two-step treatment of colloid mill and high-pressure homogenization after mixing the hydrothermally treated plant seeds and nutrient-rich microorganisms. On the basis of reducing the particle size of the material by the colloid mill, high-pressure homogenization technology is applied to destroy the microorganisms. And plant seed cell wall and cell membrane, significantly improve the digestibility of plant seeds and microorganisms, as well as the absorption rate and transformation yield of target nutrient elements.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the preparation process flow chart of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Preparation of DHA fortified feed additive

Mainly include: mix the mildew-free and complete flaxseed with 0.5% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:6, adjust the pH of the mixture to 4, and pour it into a high-pressure hydrothermal reactor , cover the reactor lid, connect the vacuum pump through the air outlet above the liquid level, and evacuate for 5 minutes to remove oxygen. Then each outlet of the reactor was sealed, heated to 100° C., and the gas outlet of the reactor was opened to release the air for 30 seconds, and then the hydrothermal pretreatment was started. The hydrothermal pretreatment conditions were as follows: the temperature was 100°C, the treatment time was 60 minutes, the stirring speed was 60 rpm, and the initial pH value was 7. After the treatment, the air was quickly degassed and cooled to 90°C. After solid-liquid separation, the flaxseeds were washed with deionized water. The schizozoan algal powder and the pretreated flax seeds were mixed at a ratio of 1:3, poured into deionized water for mixing and soaked for 20 minutes, the concentration of schizobacterium was 2.5%, and the concentration of flax seeds was 7.5%. Then, the suspension was poured into the colloid mill, operated at 20μm gap for 20min, and 10μm gap for 10min to make flaxseed powder-microalgae powder mixed solution, and then tea polyphenols and tocopherols were added to the mixed solution to form tea polyphenols and tocopherol concentrations of 0.04% and 0.03%, respectively, of flaxseed meal-microalgae powder mixture. The mixed solution containing antioxidants was pumped into a high-pressure homogenizer, and the final product was obtained after homogenizing for 2 times at a pressure of 200 MPa and an inlet temperature of 4 °C.

Example 2

Preparation of ARA Nutritional Enhanced Feed Additive

Mainly include: Mixing the mildew-free and intact evening primrose seeds with 1% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:10, adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 5, and pouring it into a high-pressure hydrothermal reaction In the kettle, cover the reactor lid, connect the vacuum pump through the air outlet above the liquid level, and evacuate for 5 minutes to remove oxygen. Then each outlet of the reactor was sealed, heated to 100° C., and the gas outlet of the reactor was opened to release the air for 30 seconds, and then the hydrothermal pretreatment was started. The hydrothermal pretreatment conditions were the temperature of 120°C, the treatment time of 30 minutes, the stirring speed of 150 rpm, and the initial pH value of 7. After the treatment, the air was quickly degassed and cooled to 90°C. After solid-liquid separation, the evening primrose seeds were washed with water once. Mix Mortierella alpine with the pretreated evening primrose seeds in a ratio of 1:1, pour into deionized water for mixing and soak for 20 minutes, the concentration of Mortierella alpine is 5%, and the concentration of evening primrose seeds is 5%. Then, the suspension was poured into the colloid mill, operated at 20μm gap for 30min and 10μm gap for 20min to prepare evening primrose seed powder-Mortierella powder mixture, and then tea polyphenols and tocopherols were added to the mixture to form Evening primrose seed powder-Mortierella powder mixed solution with tea polyphenol and tocopherol concentrations of 0.05% and 0.04%, respectively. The mixed solution containing antioxidants was pumped into a high-pressure homogenizer, and the final product was obtained after homogenizing for 2 times at a pressure of 100 MPa and an inlet temperature of 20 °C.

Example 3

Preparation of γ-linolenic acid-squalene-DHA nutritional fortified feed additive

Mainly include: mix the mildew-free and complete perilla seeds with 0.8% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:10, adjust the pH of the mixture to 5, and pour it into a high-pressure hydrothermal reaction In the kettle, cover the reactor lid, connect the vacuum pump through the air outlet above the liquid level, and evacuate for 5 minutes to remove oxygen. Then each outlet of the reactor was sealed, heated to 100° C., and the gas outlet of the reactor was opened to release the air for 30 seconds, and then the hydrothermal pretreatment was started. The hydrothermal pretreatment conditions were the temperature of 150°C, the treatment time of 10 minutes, the stirring speed of 150 revolutions/min, and the initial pH value of 7. After the treatment, the air was quickly degassed and cooled to 90° C. After solid-liquid separation, the perilla seeds were washed with water once. Mix Schizochytrium algae powder and pretreated perilla seeds in a ratio of 1:2, pour into deionized water for mixing and soak for 30 minutes, the concentration of Schizochytrium is 5%, and the concentration of perilla seeds is 2.5% . Then, the suspension was poured into the colloid mill, operated at 20μm gap for 30min, and 10μm gap for 20min to make perilla seed-microalgae powder mixture, and then added tea polyphenols and tocopherols to the mixture to form tea polyphenols and tocopherol concentrations of 0.05% and 0.04%, respectively, perilla seed-microalgae powder mixture. The mixed solution containing antioxidants was pumped into a high-pressure homogenizer, and the final product was obtained after homogenizing for 2 times at a pressure of 150 MPa and an inlet temperature of 20 °C.

Example 4

Preparation of α-linolenic acid-astaxanthin nutritionally fortified feed additive

Mainly include: Mixing the mildew-free and complete flaxseed with 1% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:6, adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 4 and pouring it into a high-pressure hydrothermal reaction kettle , cover the reactor lid, connect the vacuum pump through the air outlet above the liquid level, and evacuate for 5 minutes to remove oxygen. Then each outlet of the reactor was sealed, heated to 100° C., and the gas outlet of the reactor was opened to release the air for 30 seconds, and then the hydrothermal pretreatment was started. The hydrothermal pretreatment conditions were the temperature of 120°C, the treatment time of 30 minutes, the stirring speed of 150 revolutions/min, and the initial pH value of 6.8. After the treatment, the air was quickly degassed and cooled to 90°C. After solid-liquid separation, the flaxseeds were washed with water once. Mix the dry powder of Haematococcus pluvialis and the pretreated flax seeds in a ratio of 1:2 and pour into deionized water for mixing and soaking for 30 minutes. The concentration of Haematococcus pluvialis is 2.5%, and the concentration of perilla seeds is 5%. . Then, the suspension was poured into the colloid mill, and it was run for 30 minutes with a gap of 20 μm and a gap of 10 μm for 20 minutes to prepare a mixture of flaxseed and Haematococcus pluvialis. Then, tea polyphenols and tocopherols were added to the mixture to form tea polyphenols. Flaxseed-Haematococcus pluvialis mixtures with phenol and tocopherol concentrations of 0.05% and 0.04%, respectively. The mixed solution containing antioxidants was pumped into a high-pressure homogenizer, and the final product was obtained after homogenizing for 2 times at a pressure of 150 MPa and an inlet temperature of 20 °C.

Example 5

Preparation of α-linolenic acid-EPA nutritional fortified feed additive

Mainly include: Mixing the mildew-free and complete flaxseed with 1% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:6, adjusting the pH value of the mixture to 4 and pouring it into a high-pressure hydrothermal reaction kettle , cover the reactor lid, connect the vacuum pump through the air outlet above the liquid level, and evacuate for 5 minutes to remove oxygen. Then each outlet of the reactor was sealed, heated to 100° C., and the gas outlet of the reactor was opened to release the air for 30 seconds, and then the hydrothermal pretreatment was started. The hydrothermal pretreatment conditions were the temperature of 120°C, the treatment time of 30 minutes, the stirring speed of 150 revolutions/min, and the initial pH value of 6.8. After the treatment, the air was quickly degassed and cooled to 90°C. After solid-liquid separation, the flaxseeds were washed with water once. The EPA-rich Nannochloropsis dry powder and the pretreated flaxseed were mixed in a ratio of 1:2, poured into deionized water for mixing and soaked for 30 minutes, the Nannochloropsis concentration was 5%, and the flaxseed concentration was 2.5%. Then, the suspension was poured into a colloid mill, operated at 20μm gap for 30min, and 10μm gap for 20min to prepare a flaxseed-Ninochloropsis mixed solution, and then tea polyphenols and tocopherols were added to the mixed solution to form tea polyphenols and tocopherol concentrations of 0.05% and 0.04%, respectively, of the flaxseed-Nanochloropsis mixture. The mixed solution containing antioxidants was pumped into a high-pressure homogenizer, and the final product was obtained after homogenizing for 2 times at a pressure of 150 MPa and an inlet temperature of 20 °C.

The compositions of additives in Examples 1-5 are shown in Table 1. In addition, the water used in Examples 1-5 are all deionized water.

Additive composition in table 1 embodiment 1-5

Example 6

Preparation of DHA fortified feed additive

Mainly include: Mixing mildew-free and complete flaxseed with 1% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:20, adjusting the pH of the mixture to 8 and pouring it into a high-pressure hydrothermal reactor , cover the reaction kettle cover, connect the vacuum pump through the air outlet above the liquid level, and evacuate for 5 minutes until the relative vacuum degree is -0.1Mpa to remove oxygen. Then each outlet of the reactor was sealed, heated to 100° C., and the gas outlet of the reactor was opened to release the air for 30 seconds, and then the hydrothermal pretreatment was started. The hydrothermal pretreatment conditions were as follows: the temperature was 150°C, the treatment time was 30 minutes, the stirring speed was 60 rpm, and the initial pH value was 7. After the treatment, the air was quickly degassed and cooled to 80°C. After solid-liquid separation, the flaxseeds were washed with deionized water. Mix Schizogene algal powder and pretreated flaxseed in a ratio of 1:9, pour into deionized water for mixing and soak for 20 minutes, and then mix with deionized water to prepare a 10% concentration of plant biomass-microorganisms Bacterial suspension. Then, the suspension was poured into the colloid mill, and it was run for 30 min with a gap of 20 μm and a gap of 10 μm for 10 min to prepare a mixed solution of flaxseed powder and microalgae powder. Then, tea polyphenols and tocopherols were added to the mixed solution to form tea polyphenols. and flaxseed meal-microalgae powder mixture with a total concentration of 0.01 tocopherol. The mixed solution containing antioxidants was pumped into a high-pressure homogenizer, and the final product was obtained after homogenizing for 2 times at a pressure of 200 MPa and an inlet temperature of 4 °C.

Example 7

Preparation of DHA fortified feed additive

Mainly include: Mixing the mildew-free and complete flaxseed with 0.1% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution at a mass ratio of 1:3, adjusting the pH of the mixture to 3 and pouring it into a high-pressure hydrothermal reactor , cover the reactor lid, connect the vacuum pump through the air outlet above the liquid level, and evacuate for 5 minutes to a relative vacuum of -0.01Mpa to remove oxygen. Then each outlet of the reactor was sealed, heated to 100° C., and the gas outlet of the reactor was opened to release the air for 30 seconds, and then the hydrothermal pretreatment was started. The hydrothermal pretreatment conditions were as follows: the temperature was 100° C., the treatment time was 120 minutes, the stirring speed was 60 rpm, and the initial pH value was 7. After the treatment, the air was quickly degassed and cooled to 20°C. After solid-liquid separation, the flaxseed was washed with deionized water. The schizozoan algal powder and the pretreated flax seeds were mixed in a ratio of 9:1, poured into deionized water for mixing and soaked for 20 minutes, and then mixed with deionized water to prepare a 5% concentration of plant biomass-microorganisms Bacterial suspension. Then, the suspension was poured into a colloid mill, and it was run for 10 minutes with a gap of 20 μm and a gap of 10 μm for 20 minutes to prepare a mixed solution of flaxseed powder and microalgae powder. Then, tea polyphenols and tocopherols were added to the mixed solution to form tea polyphenols. Flaxseed meal-microalgae powder mixture with a total concentration of 0.001 of tocopherol. The mixed solution containing antioxidants was pumped into a high-pressure homogenizer, and the final product was obtained after homogenizing for 3 times at a pressure of 10 MPa and an inlet temperature of 25 °C.

Example 8

Feed feeding comparison test

The nutrient-enhanced feed additives prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3, as well as the raw materials that have not been processed by this process, are mixed with the Chia laying hen feed at a mass ratio of 1:49 to make laying hen diets, and each laying hen is fed every day. 100g diet, continuously fed for 2 weeks, recorded feed intake every day, and collected fresh chicken manure on the 5th day, the laboratory chloroform-methanol-water method was used to extract the feed and the crude fat in the chicken manure, and the feed and chicken manure were analyzed by GC. DHA, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid content in the feces also calculate the total amount of fatty acids in feed and collect chicken manure, apply the following formula to calculate digestibility, the results are shown in Table 2, as can be seen from Table 2, through the technique of the present invention The digestibility of the nutrient-fortified feed additives after treatment was greatly improved.

(1) Calculation formula of digestibility of DHA-enriched fortified feed additive (linseed + Schizochytrium) group

0.5[(WFdha-WHdha)/WFdha+(WF _{αlna -WH αlna} )/WF _αlna ]

Wherein WF _dha - the total amount of dha in the feed;

WH _dha — the total amount of dha in chicken manure;

WF _alphalna - the total amount of alpha linolenic acid in the feed;

WH _alphalna - the total amount of alpha linolenic acid in chicken manure.

(2) ARA-rich nutritional fortified feed additive (evening primrose seeds + Mortierella alpine)

0.5[(WF _ara -WH _ara )/WF _ara +(WF _{γlna -WH γlna} )/WF _γlna ]

Wherein WF _ara —the total amount of arachidonic acid in the feed;

WH _ara - the total amount of arachidonic acid in chicken manure;

WF _γlna - the total amount of γ-linolenic acid in the feed;

WH _γlna - the total amount of gamma linolenic acid in chicken manure.

(3) Rich in γ-linolenic acid-DHA nutrition fortified feed additive (perilla seeds + Schizochytrium)

0.5[(WF _dha -WH _dha )/WF _dha +(WF _{γlna -WH γlna} )/WF _γlna ]

Wherein WF _dha - the total amount of dha in the feed;

WH _dha — the total amount of dha in chicken manure;

WF _γlna - the total amount of γ-linolenic acid in the feed;

WH _γlna - the total amount of gamma linolenic acid in chicken manure.

Table 2 The effect of this process on the digestibility of feed raw materials

The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a preparation technology of nutrient fortified feed additive, is characterized in that, mainly comprises the following steps: (1) material pretreatment: the nutrient-rich plant biomass to be treated is mixed with 0.1%-1% iron-free calcium chloride aqueous solution to obtain a mixed material, and the pH value of the adjusted mixed material is 3-8; (2) Oxygen-free-calcium chloride hydrothermal treatment: transfer the mixed material prepared in step (1) into a container, vacuum pump the gas in the container to a relative vacuum of -0.01 to -0.1Mpa, and under closed stirring conditions After heating until the temperature reaches 100 ℃, deflate until there is no pressure, then continue to heat to 100-150 ℃ in a closed state, keep the temperature for 30-120 minutes, then deflate and cool down to 20-90 ℃, and separate solid-liquid to obtain solid hydrothermal plant biomass. substance; (3) colloid mill pulverization: the solid hydrothermal plant biomass obtained in step (2) is mixed with nutrient-rich microbial cells in a ratio of 1:9 to 9:1 by dry weight, and then mixed with deionized water to prepare a concentration of 5 -10% plant biomass-microbial cell suspension, pour the suspension into the colloid mill, run for 10-30min at a 20μm gap, and run for 10-20min at a 10μm gap to prepare a colloid mill treatment solution; (4) Adding antioxidants: adding antioxidants to the colloid mill treatment solution obtained in step (3) and mixing evenly to prepare an antioxidant-colloid mill treatment solution with an antioxidant concentration of 0.001-0.01%; (5) high-pressure homogenization: the anti-oxidation-colloid mill treatment solution obtained in step (4) is subjected to homogenization treatment with a high-pressure homogenizer for multiple times; The nutrients are aliphatic nutrients, and the aliphatic nutrients include α-linolenic acid, γ-linolenic acid, conjugated linoleic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapenta One or more of enoic acid, astaxanthin, and squalene; the nutrient-rich plant biomass is flaxseed, camelina seed, evening primrose seed, borage seed, black currant seed, mangosteen kernel and purple Any one or more of Su seeds; Step (3) The nutrient-rich microbial bacteria include docosahexaenoic acid-producing microorganisms, eicosatetraenoic acid-producing microorganisms, eicosapentaenoic acid-producing microorganisms, γ-linolenic acid-producing microorganisms, and squalene-producing microorganisms One or more of microorganisms and astaxanthin-producing microorganisms; the docosahexaenoic acid-producing microorganisms are Schizochytrium, Thraustochytrium, Cryptodinium, and Ukenchichytrium , one or more of Shewanella and Mortierella; the shown eicosatetraenoic acid-producing microorganism is Mortierella; the eicosapentaenoic acid-producing microorganism is Nannochloropsis One or more of genus and Chlorella, the γ-linolenic acid-producing microorganism is one or more of Mucor and Mortierella, and the astaxanthin-producing microorganism is Rhodotorula , one or more of Rhodosporidium, Sporocyst, Salina, Haematococcus, and the squalene-producing microorganism is Schizochytrium, Thraustochytrium, Tactobacillus one or more of the genus. 2 . The preparation process of the nutrient-enhanced feed additive according to claim 1 , wherein the mass ratio of the nutrient-rich plant biomass to water in the mixture described in step (1) is 1:3-20. 3 . 3 . The preparation process of the nutrient-enhanced feed additive according to claim 1 , wherein the conditions of the homogenization treatment in step (5) are a pressure of 10-200 MPa and an inlet temperature of the homogenizer of 4-25° C. 4 . 4. The preparation process of the nutrient-enhanced feed additive according to claim 1, wherein the nutrient-rich microbial cells in step (3) exist in the form of one or more of wet state, dry state, and fermented liquid state . 5. A nutrient-fortified feed additive prepared according to the preparation process of any one of claims 1-4. 6. The purposes of the nutrient-enhanced feed additive of claim 5, characterized in that it is used as a feed additive for livestock and poultry, aquaculture animals, and companion animals; the livestock and poultry include cattle, pigs, chickens, ducks and geese; The aquatic animals include shrimp, fish and crabs; the companion animals are cats, dogs and birds.

Images