CN107915528A - Cultivation method of morchella - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of morel, which comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a culture medium, (2) inoculating and culturing in a bag, (3) cultivating a field, and (4) harvesting, wherein the culture medium uses raw materials including wheat grains, wood chips, bamboo strips, corn flour, wheat bran, glutamic acid, vitamin C, citric acid, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, fine sand, water, ethanol and ethyl orthosilicate. The invention can obtain high-quality morchella in a shorter period by artificial cultivation.

Description

A kind of cultivation method of hickory chick

technical field

The present invention relates to the technical field of the cultivation method of hickory chick.

Background technique

Morchella is a rare species of edible fungus with high edible and medicinal value. Its cap contains isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine and threonine. Valine and 7 kinds of essential amino acids for human body, the whole contains 20% crude protein, 26% crude fat, 38.1% carbohydrates, a variety of amino acids, especially glutamic acid content as high as 1.76%, and at least 8 kinds of vitamins, Including vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B12, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, etc.

The price of morels on the market is high, and the supply is in short supply. The main reason is that the morels for sale are basically wild, the quantity is limited, and it is difficult to obtain. The exploitation of a large number of wild resources will also cause damage to the environment.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to propose a kind of hickory chick cultivation method that can obtain high-quality hickory chick in a short cycle by artificial cultivation.

Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A kind of cultivation method of hickory chick, it comprises following process:

(1) Culture medium preparation:

A. Grinding wheat grains, sawdust, and bamboo shreds to obtain spare crushed materials;

B. Separately take corn flour, wheat bran, glutamic acid, vitamin C, citric acid and mix them with water and ethanol evenly, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, keep stirring under heating conditions, microspheres are formed in the mixture, and the microspheres The ball is filtered out and washed;

C. Mix crushed materials, microspheres, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, fine sand, and water evenly, and obtain a culture medium after standing;

(2) Inoculation and bag culture:

Put the culture medium into the bag, seal the bacteria bag after filling, and sterilize it, then insert the morel strains, and cultivate it for 5-7 days under sterile light-proof conditions;

(3) Field cultivation:

Select a field with a soil pH value of 6.5-7.5 for further cultivation. Firstly, the field is sorted, dug, and disinfected. Then, a landfill ditch is dug on the field, plant ash is spread on the bottom of the ditch, and then the fungus bag is placed in the Fill the ditch, then cover the straw, spread a layer of fine soil on the straw, and then water the ditch daily to keep the soil moist;

(4) Harvesting

Field cultivation takes 90 to 180 days to harvest mature morels.

Preferably: the raw materials of the medium include 30-40 parts of wheat grains, 20-30 parts of sawdust, 15-25 parts of bamboo shreds, 10-15 parts of corn flour, and 10-15 parts of wheat bran in parts by mass. 5~10 parts of glutamic acid, 5~10 parts of vitamin C, 1~3 parts of citric acid, 1~5 parts of gypsum, 0.1~1.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1~1.0 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 15~25 parts fine sand.

In addition, preferably: the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the step B is 1:1-5.

In addition, preferably: the mass ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate to the ethanol is 1:1~3.

In addition, preferably: the heating temperature in the step B is 30-40°C.

In addition, preferably: the mass of the water in the step C is 10-50% of the mass of the pulverized material.

The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The culture medium of the present invention can continuously and stably provide necessary nutrients for the growth of Morchella in the whole process of bag cultivation and field cultivation, and the release rate of nutrients is uniform, stable and long-lasting;

(2) In the process of cultivating morels, the medium of the present invention can effectively isolate the nutritional components from the metabolic wastes produced by the growth of morels, so as to avoid some metabolic wastes from hindering the further growth of morels;

(3) The present invention can realize the large-scale cultivation of hickory chick, and has great economic benefits;

(4) The present invention can realize high-quality artificial cultivation of hickory chick;

(5) The invention can significantly shorten the morel culture period.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail through the following examples, but this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following examples. Without departing from the idea of the above-mentioned method of the present invention, various replacements or changes made according to common technical knowledge and conventional means in this field shall be included within the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

(1) Culture medium preparation:

A. Grinding wheat grains, sawdust, and bamboo shreds to obtain spare crushed materials;

B. Separately take corn flour, wheat bran, glutamic acid, vitamin C, citric acid and mix them with water and ethanol evenly, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, keep stirring under heating conditions, microspheres are formed in the mixture, and the microspheres The ball is filtered out and washed;

C. Mix crushed materials, microspheres and gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, fine sand, and water evenly, and obtain a culture medium after standing still, wherein the raw materials of the culture medium are calculated in parts by mass, including 30 parts of wheat grains , 20 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of bamboo shreds, 10 parts of corn flour, 10 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of glutamic acid, 5 parts of vitamin C, 1 part of citric acid, 1 part of gypsum, 0.1 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of phosphoric acid Dipotassium hydrogen, 15 parts of fine sand, the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the step B is 1:1, the mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate to ethanol in the step B is 1:1, and the heating temperature in the step B is 30°C , the quality of the water in the step C is 10% of the quality of pulverized material;

(2) Inoculation and bag culture:

Put the culture medium into the bag, seal and sterilize the fungus bag after the filling is completed, then insert the morel strains of the stepper rib, and cultivate it for 5 days under sterile light-proof conditions;

(3) Field cultivation:

Select a field with a soil pH value of 6.5-7.5 for further cultivation. Firstly, the field is sorted, dug, and disinfected. Then, a landfill ditch is dug on the field, plant ash is spread on the bottom of the ditch, and then the fungus bag is placed in the Fill the ditch, then cover the straw, spread a layer of fine soil on the straw, and then water the ditch daily to keep the soil moist;

(4) Harvesting

After 90 days of cultivation in the field, the mature morels can be harvested.

Example 2

(1) Culture medium preparation:

A. Grinding wheat grains, sawdust, and bamboo shreds to obtain spare crushed materials;

B. Separately take corn flour, wheat bran, glutamic acid, vitamin C, citric acid and mix them with water and ethanol evenly, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, keep stirring under heating conditions, microspheres are formed in the mixture, and the microspheres The ball is filtered out and washed;

C. Mix crushed material, microspheres and gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, fine sand, and water evenly, and obtain a culture medium after standing still, wherein the raw materials of the culture medium are calculated in parts by mass, including 40 parts of wheat grains , 30 parts of wood chips, 25 parts of bamboo shreds, 15 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of wheat bran, 10 parts of glutamic acid, 10 parts of vitamin C, 3 parts of citric acid, 5 parts of gypsum, 1.0 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.0 parts of phosphoric acid Dipotassium hydrogen, 25 parts of fine sand, the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the step B is 1:5, the mass ratio of ethyl orthosilicate to ethanol in the step B is 1:3, and the heating temperature in the step B is 40°C , the quality of the water in the step C is 50% of the quality of pulverized material;

(2) Inoculation and bag culture:

Put the culture medium into the bag, seal and sterilize the fungus bag after the filling is completed, then insert the morel strains of the stepper rib, and cultivate it for 7 days under sterile light-proof conditions;

(3) Field cultivation:

Select a field with a soil pH value of 6.5-7.5 for further cultivation. Firstly, the field is sorted, dug, and disinfected. Then, a landfill ditch is dug on the field, plant ash is spread on the bottom of the ditch, and then the fungus bag is placed in the Fill the ditch, then cover the straw, spread a layer of fine soil on the straw, and then water the ditch daily to keep the soil moist;

(4) Harvesting

After 180 days of field cultivation, the mature morels can be harvested.

Example 3

(1) Culture medium preparation:

A. Grinding wheat grains, sawdust, and bamboo shreds to obtain spare crushed materials;

B. Separately take corn flour, wheat bran, glutamic acid, vitamin C, citric acid and mix them with water and ethanol evenly, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, keep stirring under heating conditions, microspheres are formed in the mixture, and the microspheres The ball is filtered out and washed;

C. Mix crushed materials, microspheres, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, fine sand, and water evenly, and obtain a culture medium after standing still, wherein the raw materials of the culture medium are calculated in parts by mass, including 35 parts of wheat grains , 25 parts of sawdust, 20 parts of bamboo shreds, 15 parts of corn flour, 15 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of glutamic acid, 6 parts of vitamin C, 1 part of citric acid, 5 parts of gypsum, 0.3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.3 parts of phosphoric acid Dipotassium hydrogen, 20 parts of fine sand, the volume ratio of ethanol and water is 1:3 in the described step B, and the mass ratio of tetraethyl orthosilicate and ethanol is 1:1～2 in the step B, and heating temperature is in the step B 30 DEG C, the quality of the water in the step C is 30% of the quality of pulverized material;

(2) Inoculation and bag culture:

Put the culture medium into the bag, seal and sterilize the fungus bag after the filling is completed, then insert the strain of morel spp., and cultivate it under sterile light-proof conditions for 6 days;

(3) Field cultivation:

Select a field with a soil pH value of 6.5-7.5 for further cultivation. Firstly, the field is sorted, dug, and disinfected. Then, a landfill ditch is dug on the field, plant ash is spread on the bottom of the ditch, and then the fungus bag is placed in the Fill the ditch, then cover the straw, spread a layer of fine soil on the straw, and then water the ditch daily to keep the soil moist;

(4) Harvesting

After 150 days of field cultivation, the mature morels can be harvested.

Claims (6)

1. a cultivation method of hickory chick, is characterized in that: described cultivation method comprises the following processes: (1) Culture medium preparation: A. Grinding wheat grains, sawdust, and bamboo shreds to obtain spare crushed materials; B. Separately take corn flour, wheat bran, glutamic acid, vitamin C, citric acid and mix them with water and ethanol evenly, then add tetraethyl orthosilicate, keep stirring under heating conditions, microspheres are formed in the mixture, and the microspheres The ball is filtered out and washed; C. Mix crushed materials, microspheres, gypsum, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, fine sand, and water evenly, and obtain a culture medium after standing; (2) Inoculation and bag culture: Put the culture medium into the bag, seal the bacteria bag after filling, and sterilize it, then insert the morel strains, and cultivate it for 5-7 days under sterile light-proof conditions; (3) Field cultivation: Select a field with a soil pH value of 6.5-7.5 for further cultivation. Firstly, the field is sorted, dug, and disinfected. Then, a landfill ditch is dug on the field, plant ash is spread on the bottom of the ditch, and then the fungus bag is placed in the Fill the ditch, then cover the straw, spread a layer of fine soil on the straw, and then water the ditch daily to keep the soil moist; (4) Harvesting Field cultivation takes 90 to 180 days to harvest mature morels. 2. The cultivation method of hickory chick according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the raw material of described culture medium comprises 30～40 parts of wheat grains, 20～30 parts of sawdust, 15～25 parts of bamboo shreds in parts by mass. 10-15 parts of corn flour, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 5-10 parts of glutamic acid, 5-10 parts of vitamin C, 1-3 parts of citric acid, 1-5 parts of gypsum, 0.1-1.0 parts of diphosphate Potassium hydrogen, 0.1~1.0 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 15~25 parts of fine sand. 3. the cultivation method of hickory chick according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step B, the volume ratio of ethanol and water is 1:1～5. 4. the cultivation method of hickory chick according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mass ratio of described ethyl orthosilicate and described ethanol is 1:1～3. 5. the cultivation method of hickory chick according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step B, heating temperature is 30～40 ℃. 6. The cultivation method of hickory chick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the quality of the water in the step C is 10% to 50% of the quality of the ground material.