CN107872185A - Load drive device, electric machine assembly and motor driver - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of motor driver and applies its electric machine assembly and load drive device.The motor driver includes frequency conversion control circuit, bridge circuit and chopper circuit, the synchronous motor connects AC power by the bridge circuit and chopper circuit, under synchronous motor synchronous operation state, the frequency conversion control circuit controls the on or off of the chopper circuit with controlled motor electric current, be simultaneously emitted by frequency control signal control the bridge circuit first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch and second and third bidirectional electronic switch alternate conduction to carry out frequency control to motor.Above-mentioned motor driver starting torque is big, torque links up, and can be higher than synchronous speed and run.

Description

Load drive device, electric machine assembly and motor driver

Technical field

The present invention relates to Motor Control Field, more particularly to a kind of motor driver for driving single-phase synchronous machine and should With the electric machine assembly and load drive device of the motor driver.

Background technology

Single-phase synchronous machine has low small volume, in light weight, efficiency high, energy consumption, simple in construction, reliable operation, maintenance side Just the advantages that, the demand for development of motor miniaturization and high-output power is can adapt to, thus be applied to more and more In household electrical appliance, electric tool, medicine equipment and light equipment.So, rotating speed of the synchronous motor in stable state only with alternating current Source frequency is related, and can not realize and be run higher than supply frequency synchronous rotational speed.

The content of the invention

In view of above-mentioned condition, it is necessary to provide it is a kind of can controlled motor higher than supply frequency synchronous speed operation motor drive The electric machine assembly and load drive device of dynamic device and the application motor driver.

Embodiments of the invention provide a kind of motor driver, for driving the rotor of synchronous motor to turn relative to stator Dynamic, the motor driver includes frequency conversion control circuit, bridge circuit and chopper circuit, and the bridge circuit includes the first bridge Arm and the second bridge arm, first bridge arm include first and second bidirectional electronic switch being connected in series, the second bridge arm bag The the 3rd and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch being connected in series is included, is connected after first and second described bridge arm parallel connection with the chopper circuit Between the first end of AC power and the second end, the tie point of first and second bidirectional electronic switch and the 3rd and the 4th are two-way The synchronous motor is connected between the tie point of electronic switch, under synchronous motor operational state, the frequency conversion control circuit control The on or off of the chopper circuit is made with controlled motor electric current, is simultaneously emitted by frequency control signal control described first and the Four bidirectional electronic switch and second and third bidirectional electronic switch alternate conduction are with to motor progress frequency control.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the frequency conversion control circuit also includes a current detection circuit, the current detecting electricity Detect the electric current for flowing through motor, frequency conversion control circuit chopper circuit according to the electric current output control for flowing through motor in road The current regulating signal of on or off.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the frequency conversion control circuit includes speed setting unit, shaping circuit and same OR gate, The speed setting unit provides the variable-frequency pulse of corresponding different motor speeds, and the shaping circuit provides and AC power just half Ripple or negative half-wave with frequency same-phase just or the synchronous working pulse of anti-phase rectangle, the rectangle synchronous working pulse and the change Trigger signal of the frequency pulse through the same OR gate output triggering first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch, the frequency conversion control circuit is also Including a NOT gate, the NOT gate receives the trigger signal of the same OR gate output, and exports triggering described second and third is two-way The trigger signal of electronic switch.

As a kind of preferred scheme, during the synchronous motor starting and synchronous operation, the frequency conversion control circuit The chopper circuit is controlled to turn on and end, when the variable-frequency pulse of the frequency conversion control circuit is the first level, the frequency conversion control Circuit processed triggers described first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch conducting in the positive half-wave of AC power, is negative half in AC power Second and third bidirectional electronic switch conducting is triggered during ripple；When the variable-frequency pulse is second electrical level, the VFC Circuit triggers second and third bidirectional electronic switch conducting when AC power is positive half-wave, is negative half-wave in AC power When trigger described first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch conducting.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the frequency conversion control circuit includes first to fourth drive circuit, and described first and Four drive circuits receive the trigger signal of the same OR gate output, and second and third described drive circuit receives touching for NOT gate output Signal, the first output end of first drive circuit connects the control terminal of the first bidirectional electronic switch, first driving Second output end of circuit connects the tie point of first and second bidirectional electronic switch, the first output of second drive circuit End connects the control terminal of second bidirectional electronic switch, described second pair of the second output end connection of second drive circuit To electronic switch and the tie point of the 4th bidirectional electronic switch；The first output end connection the 3rd of 3rd drive circuit is two-way The control terminal of electronic switch, the second output end of the 3rd drive circuit connect the connection of the 3rd and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch Point, the first output end of the 4th drive circuit connect the control terminal of the 4th bidirectional electronic switch, the 4th driving Second output end of circuit connects the tie point of second bidirectional electronic switch and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch, described first to 4th drive circuit is isolated drive circuit, and has Delayed conducting to immediately turn off function, to prevent the upper and lower electronic cutting of same bridge arm Pass simultaneously turns on phenomenon.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the frequency conversion control circuit also includes pulse-width modulation circuit, current detection circuit and whole The electric current of motor is flowed through in current circuit, current detection circuit detection, and the rectification circuit carries out rectification and defeated to current of electric Go out the smooth signal of rectification, the speed setting unit also output current Setting signal, the smooth signal of rectification of the measured current And electric current of the given value of current signal via pulse width modulation output high-frequency pulsed width modulation pulse as output to the chopper circuit Regulate signal.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the frequency conversion control circuit also include being connected to pulse-width modulation circuit and chopper circuit it Between the 5th drive circuit, the chopper circuit is can turn off bidirectional electronic switch.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the absolute value of the smooth signal of rectification after the rectified processing of current of electric is given more than electric current When determining to give electric current corresponding to signal, the pulse-width modulation circuit exports low level, to turn off the chopper circuit, when motor electricity When flowing through the absolute value of the smooth signal of rectification after rectification processing less than electric current is given corresponding to given value of current signal, the pulsewidth Modulation circuit exports high level, to turn on the chopper circuit.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the 3-30 of electric moter voltage fundamental frequency when the frequency of high-frequency pulsed width modulation pulse is synchronous rotational speed Times.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the speed setting unit includes rotation-speed setting circuit, slope control circuit, stream/speed Featured configuration circuit and voltage controlled oscillator, rotation-speed setting circuit provide the tach signal of controlled motor speed, and electricity is controlled through slope Constant realizes former rotating speed to the smooth change of new rotating speed according to set time on road, then corresponding through stream/fast featured configuration circuit output The given value of current signal of friction speed is to the pulse-width modulation circuit, and output speed Setting signal is to voltage controlled oscillator, voltage-controlled The variable-frequency pulse of the corresponding different motor speeds of oscillator output.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the speed setting unit includes position sensor and speed initialization circuit, institute's rheme Put the corresponding difference that the rotor lock-out pulse of sensor output respective rotor magnetic pole rotation provides as the speed setting unit The variable-frequency pulse of motor speed, the given value of current signal of the corresponding motor friction speed of speed initialization circuit output.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the frequency conversion control circuit also includes the voltage inspection being connected with the 5th drive circuit Slowdown monitoring circuit, when electric moter voltage is above or below corresponding preset value, the voltage detecting circuit controls the 5th drive circuit Turn off the chopper circuit.

As a kind of preferred scheme, the frequency conversion control circuit, bridge circuit and chopper circuit are integrated at least one collection Into in circuit, the integrated circuit includes first to fourth terminal, and first and second described terminal is used to connect AC power First end and the second end, the first terminal are also connected with a tie point of first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and described second Terminal connects another tie point of first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, the third terminal connection by the chopper circuit The tie point of first and second bidirectional electronic switch and motor wiring, the forth terminal connect the 3rd and the 4th bidirectional electronic and opened Another wiring of the tie point and motor of pass；The integrated circuit by standard logic circuits, ASIC, thick film circuit, MCU, FPGA, PLD and bidirectional electronic switch are realized.

Embodiments of the invention also provide a kind of electric machine assembly, including motor and are connected between motor and AC power As above the motor driver described in any one.

Embodiments of the invention also provide a kind of load drive device, including electric machine assembly as described above and by the electricity The load of thermomechanical components driving.

Motor driver described in embodiment of the present invention uses the combination of bridge circuit and chopper circuit, and by right The high frequency modulated control of the chopper circuit realizes single-phase synchronous machine current regulation, by four two-way electricity of its real circuit The control of sub switch realizes the stepless smooth frequency control function of single-phase synchronous machine, and circuit is simple and reliable, and cost is relatively low.

Brief description of the drawings

In accompanying drawing：

Fig. 1 is the drive circuit figure of existing single-phase synchronous machine.

Fig. 2 is the oscillogram of the electric moter voltage of existing single-phase synchronous machine shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the functional-block diagram of the electric machine assembly of embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the motor of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 a- Fig. 5 c are the circuit diagrams of the embodiment of bidirectional electronic switch in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 is the concrete function block diagram of the motor driver of an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is the oscillogram of motor driver motor in Fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is the concrete function block diagram of the motor driver of another embodiment of the present invention.Main element symbol is said It is bright

Following embodiment will combine above-mentioned accompanying drawing and further illustrate the present invention.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by the way that the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail, technical scheme will be made And other beneficial effects are apparent.Used it is appreciated that accompanying drawing only provides with reference to explanation, be not used for limiting the present invention System.The connection shown in accompanying drawing is only to be described for ease of clear, and does not limit connected mode.

Referring to Fig. 3, the electric machine assembly 100 of an embodiment of the present invention includes motor 10 and oriented for controlled motor 10 The motor driver 30 of starting, the motor driver 30 are connected between AC power 60 and motor 10.The motor 10 can directly drive load 50, also can be by loading bindiny mechanism's driving load 50.In present embodiment, motor 10 is single-phase same Motor is walked, in other embodiment, motor 10 can be single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, single-phase excitation magnetic synchronization motor or single-phase asynchronous electricity Machine.In present embodiment, the load bindiny mechanism is clutch 40, and the clutch 40 can be spring clutch, centrifugation clutch Device, friction clutch or electromagnetic clutch.In present embodiment, illustrated so that load 50 is the flabellum of blower fan as an example, other In embodiment, load 50 can be the impeller or other equipment of water pump.In present embodiment, the motor driver 30 can make Motor is started in each start each along a fixed-direction, and motor can also be made to be run higher than supply frequency synchronous speed.

Fig. 4 is shown according to the motor 10 of an embodiment of the present invention.The motor 10 includes stator and can relative stator rotation The rotor 114 turned.The stator winding 116 that stator has stator core 112 and is set around in stator core 112.Stator core 112 It can be made up of soft magnetic materials such as pure iron, cast iron, cast steel, electrical sheet, silicon steel.Rotor 114 has permanent magnet.The magnetic pole of stator and turn There is non-uniform gap 118 between the magnetic pole of son 114 so that rotor 114 when static its pole axis R relative to stator pole axis S An angle [alpha] is offset, is started with allowing the rotor when being powered every time in the presence of motor driver 30 of motor 10 to have Torque.In present embodiment, stator and rotor are respectively provided with two magnetic poles.It should be understood that in more embodiments, stator and The number of magnetic poles of rotor can also be unequal, and has more magnetic poles, such as four, six etc..

It refer again to Fig. 3, in present embodiment, the motor driver 30 is a four port integrated circuits, and it is wrapped Include housing, from housing stretch out four terminals I1, I2, M1, M2, and be packaged in housing frequency conversion control circuit 20, bridge-type Circuit 70 and chopper circuit 80, the frequency conversion control circuit 20, bridge circuit 70 and chopper circuit 80 are on semiconductor chip. The bridge circuit 70 includes the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and the first bidirectional electronic that first bridge arm includes being connected in series is opened K1 and the second bidirectional electronic switch K2 is closed, second bridge arm includes the 3rd bidirectional electronic switch K3 and the 4th pair be connected in series To electronic switch K4, first and second described bridge arm is connected in parallel between first node A1 and section point A2, and described first Node A1 connection terminals I1, the section point A2 pass through the connection terminal I2 of chopper circuit 80.The terminal I1 passes through one The first end of K0 connections AC power 60 is switched, the switch K0 is the power switch of the electric machine assembly 100.The terminal I2 Connect the second end of AC power.Described first and second bidirectional electronic switch K1, K2 tie point and the 3rd and the 4th are two-way Electronic switch K3, K4 tie point difference connection terminal M1 and M2, a wiring of the terminal M1 connections motor 10, the terminal Another wiring of M2 connections motor 10 between the terminal M1 and M2 to connect motor.The AC power 60 can be civil power AC power, there is such as 50 hertz or 60 hertz of nominal frequency, nominal voltage can be 110 volts, 220 volts or 230 volts etc.. The first end of the AC power 60 and the second end can be the live wire and zero line of AC power respectively, can also be exchange respectively The zero line and live wire of power supply.The first to fourth bidirectional electronic switch K1-K4 can be bidirectional thyristor T1 (Fig. 5 a) or just Antiparallel metal-oxide-semiconductor, triode, it can also be composed in parallel (Fig. 5 b) by two unidirectional thyristors S1 and S2 are positive and negative, can also be by unidirectional The circuit that IGCT S3 and diode D1-D4 connects into shown in Fig. 5 c forms, and in Fig. 5 c, the anode of the single-phase IGCT S3 connects Connect diode D1, D2 negative electrode, single-phase IGCT S3 negative electrode connection diode D3, D4 anode, diode D1 anode with Diode D3 negative electrode connection, diode D2 anode are connected with diode D4 negative electrode.In Fig. 5 c, the single-phase IGCT The other kinds of electronic switch such as IGBT, GTR, MOS, GTO can be replaced by.It is described in the circuit shown in Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b Bidirectional thyristor T1 both ends and two unidirectional thyristor S1 and S2 both ends being connected in parallel can with parallel connection one by resistance R and The circuit that electric capacity C is connected in series.In other embodiment, the chopper circuit 80 is also connected to first node A1 and terminal Between I1.

The frequency conversion control circuit 20 includes eight output end G1-G5 and M1-M3, and the output end G1-G4 connects respectively The control terminal of the bidirectional electronic switch K1-K4 is connected to, output end M1, M2 is the terminal of the motor driver 30 M1 and M2.The motor 10 start and running in, the frequency conversion control circuit 20 controls the chopper circuit 80 to turn on And shut-off, with regulation motor electric current, and control first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch K1, K4 and second and third bidirectional electronic are opened K2, K3 alternate conduction are closed, to provide the variable-frequency power of all-wave head to motor 10 in the starting process of motor 10, that is, is being handed over Flow in each positive negative cycle of power supply and provide constant drive to the motor 10.The output end G5 is connected to the copped wave Circuit 80, the output end M3 are connected to the section point A2.

Fig. 6 is refer to, the frequency conversion control circuit 20 includes filter regulator circuit 21, speed setting unit 90, shaping electricity Road 22, with OR gate 26, pulse-width modulation circuit 23, rectification circuit 25, current detection circuit 37, voltage detecting circuit 38, NOT gate 28, And first to the 5th drive circuit 41-45.The terminal I1 passes through resistance R1 connection voltage-stabiliser tubes Z1 negative electrode, the voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 anode connection terminal I2, the voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 negative electrode pass through diode D5 connections filter regulator circuit 21.AC power It is most of circuits that the alternating current of 60 outputs provides magnitude of voltage through resistance R1, voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, diode D5, filter regulator circuit 21 Voltage (such as 5V) between 3 volts to 18 volts of the stabilization generally used is simultaneously supplied to each control circuit in motor driver 30 As DC supply VCC.

The negative electrode of the voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 is also connected with the shaping circuit 22, and the alternating current that AC power 60 exports is through resistance R1, voltage-stabiliser tube Z1, shaping circuit 22 provide with AC power positive half-wave or negative half-wave with frequency same-phase just or anti-phase rectangle Work asynchronously pulse, and the diode D5 can prevent DC supply VCC from influenceing rectangle synchronous working pulse.

The output end of the shaping circuit 22 connects an input of the same OR gate 26, the speed setting unit 90 One output end connects another input of the same OR gate 26 to provide the variable-frequency pulse of corresponding different motor speeds, it is described with or The output end of door 26 connects the input of the drive circuit 44 of the first drive circuit 41 and the 4th respectively.The same OR gate 26 Output end is also connected with the input of the NOT gate 28, the output end of the NOT gate 28 connect respectively second drive circuit 42 and The input of 3rd drive circuit 43.First output end of first drive circuit 41 is as the frequency conversion control circuit 20 Output end G1 connections the first bidirectional electronic switch K1 control terminal, the second output end conduct of first drive circuit 41 First and second bidirectional electronic switch K1, K2 tie point described in the output end M1 connections of the frequency conversion control circuit 20.It is described Output end G2 connection described second two-way electricity of first output end of the second drive circuit 42 as the frequency conversion control circuit 20 Sub switch K2 control terminal.Output end of first output end of the 3rd drive circuit 43 as the frequency conversion control circuit 20 G3 connections the 3rd bidirectional electronic switch K3 control terminal, the second output end of the 3rd drive circuit 43 is as the change Output end M2 connections described 3rd and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch K3, K4 of frequency control circuit 20 tie point.The 4 wheel driven Output end G4 connection fourth bidirectional electronic switch of first output end of dynamic circuit 44 as the frequency conversion control circuit 20 K4 control terminal, the second output end of the 4th drive circuit 44 and the second output end of second drive circuit 42 are connected Output end M3 as the frequency conversion control circuit 20 is connected to section point A2.Used in present embodiment with OR gate 26 to same Step rectangle working pulse and variable-frequency pulse carry out computing to produce the drive signal of first to fourth bidirectional electronic switch of control, In the other embodiment of the present invention, XOR gate or other similar circuits, the first to fourth driving electricity can also be used certainly Road 41-44 is isolated drive circuit, and has Delayed conducting to immediately turn off function, to prevent the upper and lower bidirectional electronic of same bridge arm from opening Pass simultaneously turns on phenomenon.

The current detection circuit 37 is connected to the output of terminal I2 and frequency conversion control circuit 20 with the chopper circuit 80 Between holding M3, the current detection circuit 37 detects the electric current for flowing through motor 10, the rectification circuit 25 and the current detecting The connected electric current for detecting current detection circuit 37 of circuit 37 carries out rectification smoothing processing.The speed setting unit 90 it is another One input of the output end connection pulse-width modulation circuit 23 corresponds to the given value of current signal of different motor speeds, institute to provide Another input for stating pulse-width modulation circuit 23 connects the output end of the rectification circuit 25.The pulse-width modulation circuit 23 it is defeated Go out the input that end connects the 5th drive circuit 45, another input of the 5th drive circuit 45 connects the electricity Pressure detection circuit 38.The voltage detecting circuit 38 is connected to port I2, and the voltage of motor 10 is flowed through for detecting.Described 5th The output end of drive circuit 45 connects the chopper circuit 80.

The speed setting unit 90 includes speed given circuit 91, slope control circuit 92, the stream/speed being linked in sequence (electric current/rotating speed) featured configuration circuit 94 and voltage controlled oscillator 95.The voltage controlled oscillator 95 connects the speed and sets list One output end of member 90 is set with providing variable-frequency pulse to the same OR gate 26, the stream/fast characteristic of corresponding different motor speeds Another output end of circuits 94 sets as the electric current and connects the pulse-width modulation circuit 23.

For the chopper circuit 80 for that can turn off bidirectional electronic switch K5, the bidirectional electronic switch K5 that turns off can be by single-phase Electronic switching device (IGBT, GTR, MOS, GTO, triode) is positive and negative to be composed in parallel, or switched by unidirectional electron (IGBT, GTR, MOS, GTO) and diode composition bidirectional switch circuit (such as Fig. 5 c).Certainly, in more embodiments of the present invention, The chopper circuit 80 can also be parallel circuit, snubber circuit, triggers circuit of other classes etc..

Also referring to Fig. 7, now the operation principle of the motor driver 30 is illustrated.

Illustrated in present embodiment so that motor 10 turns clockwise as an example, during electric motor starting, AC power 60 exports The voltage that size and Orientation sinusoidally changes with the time, such as the AC power waveform in Fig. 7, AC supply voltage is through electricity Resistance R1 decompressions, voltage-stabiliser tube Z1 voltage stabilizings obtain the pulsating dc voltage synchronous with AC power positive half-wave, this pulsating dc voltage warp The DC supply VCC needed for the motor driver 30 is provided after diode D1 and filter regulator circuit 21, also through whole The rectangle synchronous working pulse synchronous with AC power positive half-wave is provided after shape circuit 22.

The rotation-speed setting circuit 91 provides the tach signal of controlled motor velocity variations, and the tach signal is through described oblique Constant realizes smooth change of the tach signal from former rotating speed to new rotating speed to slope control circuit 92 according to set time, then through stream/speed The given value of current signal that featured configuration circuit 94 exports corresponding different motor speeds is set to pulse-width modulation circuit 23, stream/fast characteristic The also output speed Setting signal of circuits 94 exports the variable-frequency pulse of corresponding different motor speeds through voltage controlled oscillator 95.

The current detection circuit 37 detects the electric current for flowing through motor 10, and the electric current of the detection is through the rectification circuit 25 The pulse-width modulation circuit 23 is delivered to after carrying out rectification smoothing processing.The correspondence that the stream/fast featured configuration circuit 94 exports The given value of current signal of different motor speeds is together with the signal after the electric current for flowing through motor 10 is rectified smoothly through the pulsewidth Modulation circuit 23 exports high-frequency pulsed width modulation pulse, and the absolute value of signal after current of electric smoothed processing is given more than electric current When determining to give electric current corresponding to signal, the pulse-width modulation circuit 23 exports low level, after current of electric smoothed processing The absolute value of signal is less than corresponding to given value of current signal the pulse-width modulation circuit 23 when giving electric current and exports high level, high frequency Width-modulation pulse exports positive switch and reverser drive signal, driving through the 5th drive circuit 45 can turn off bidirectional electronic Switch K5 closing/conducting.Bidirectional electronic switch K5, which can be turned off, realizes high frequency chopping pulsewidth modulation, whole circuit is realized Constant current or Sine Wave Pulse Width Modulation operation.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the pulse-width modulation circuit 23 can be by Schmidt trigger or with similar work( Schmidt's difference that the circuit realiration of energy, the smoothing factor of regulation rectification circuit 25 and the electric current of pulse-width modulation circuit 23 compare, The frequency of the pulsewidth modulation for the high-frequency pulsed width modulation pulse that can be then exported with adjusting pulsewidth modulation circuit 23, pulsewidth modulation herein 3~30 times of electric moter voltage fundamental frequency when frequency is synchronous rotational speed.

Rectangle synchronous working pulse is passed through with the variable-frequency pulse that voltage controlled oscillator 95 exports and driven with OR gate the 26, first and the 4th The drive signal being Turned on/off of circuit 41,44 output driving bidirectional electronic switch K1, K4.The output of the same OR gate 26 is again The drive being Turned on/off through NOT gate 28, the second drive circuit 42 and the 3rd drive circuit 43 output driving bidirectional electronic switch K2, K3 Dynamic signal.

Single-phase synchronous machine terminal voltage waveform in Fig. 7 is refer to, during the motor 10 is started and run simultaneously, institute Bidirectional electronic switch K5 can be turned off by, which stating, is maintained at the copped wave state that is Turned on/off, and described bidirectional electronic switch K1, K3 and K2, K4 are handed over For conducting, specifically, when the variable-frequency pulse is the first level, the frequency conversion control circuit 30 is in the positive half-wave of AC power Described first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch K1, K4 conducting are triggered, described second and the is triggered when AC power is negative half-wave Three bidirectional electronic switch K2, K3 are turned on；When the variable-frequency pulse is second electrical level, the frequency conversion control circuit 30 is in AC power To trigger second and third bidirectional electronic switch K2, K3 conducting during positive half-wave, institute is triggered during half-wave to bear in AC power State first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch K1, K4 conducting, the described first to the 5th bidirectional electronic switch K1-K5's cooperatively forms list The electric moter voltage waveform for the motor side that is synchronised.It can be seen from figure 7 that the frequency conversion control circuit 20 of the embodiment of the present invention realizes The expansion of the tuning range of motor 10 changes with stepless continuous.The pulsewidth modulation of current of electric is coordinated to can obtain required waveform and amplitude Current waveform.

In the motor operation stage, when current detection circuit 37 detects that excessively stream, voltage detecting circuit 38 detect motor mistake After pressing or being under-voltage, the voltage detecting circuit 38 sends control signal and controls the 5th drive circuit 45 to stop output drive signal extremely The chopper circuit 80, the chopper circuit 80 disconnects the path that motor is connected with AC power 60, so as to protect the He of motor 10 Each element in motor driver 30, reduce the fault rate of electric machine assembly 100, extend the service life of electric machine assembly 100.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that can also in motor driver 30 set location sensor, make bridge-type The sense of current of motor is flowed through in the position of magnetic pole control for the rotor that circuit 70 senses according to position sensor.

Fig. 8 is refer to, is that the rotor-position controlled motor detected according to position sensor of embodiment of the present invention operates Block diagram.The main distinction of Fig. 8 illustrated embodiments and Fig. 6 illustrated embodiments is, in the speed setting unit 90 Including position sensor 96 and speed initialization circuit 98.The position sensor 96 can use Hall sensor, for measuring pair The rotor-position pulse for answering rotor magnetic pole to rotate, the rotor-position pulse work asynchronously pulse with rectangle through with OR gate 26, the The triggering the being Turned on/off letter of one and the 4th drive circuit 41,44 output drivings first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch K1, K4 Number.The output of the same OR gate 26 again through NOT gate 28, the second drive circuit 42 and the output driving second of the 3rd drive circuit 43 and The trigger signal that 3rd bidirectional electronic switch K2, K3 is Turned on/off.The corresponding different motor speed of the output of speed initialization circuit 98 The given value of current signal of degree enters pulse-width modulation circuit 23, the given value of current value of control input to pulse-width modulation circuit 23 it is big It is small, torque and the speed of motor can be adjusted with this.Rotor-position pulse in Fig. 6 with pressing caused by the rotor-position sensor Variable-frequency pulse waveform is identical caused by controlled oscillator 95, and the principle of controlled motor variable frequency work is identical with circuit theory shown in Fig. 6, It will not be repeated here.

In embodiments of the present invention, the voltage controlled oscillator 95 or position sensor 96 export the change progressively to diminish in the cycle Frequency pulse, effectively first to fourth bidirectional electronic switch K1-K4 of control conducting and cut-off in real time, just the half of AC power The effective controlled loading of drive signal makes electric moter voltage waveform to the current direction in motor corresponding to being produced when involving negative half-wave Without vacancy, neat, complete, stably, substantially increase the starting torque of motor, reduce starting failure and vibration noise.Moreover, Using the electric machine assembly 100 and load drive device starting torque of above-mentioned motor driver 30 be big, torque links up, electric machine assembly 100 can start the load of larger starting torque and rotary inertia.In the motor operation stage, the pulsewidth modulation of pulse-width modulation circuit 23 Frequency 3~30 times of electric moter voltage fundamental frequency when being synchronous rotational speed, motor 10 is run higher than synchronous speed.

In present embodiment, the motor driver 30 uses positive logic (high level 1) device to realize, similarly also may be used Antilogical (low level 1) or positive and negative logic combination or other logical devices or MCU is used to add software logic to realize, these The scope of patent protection of the present invention all should be belonged to.

Fin can be housed on the motor driver 30, think that motor driver 30 is radiated.

Motor driver 30 described in embodiment of the present invention can be turned off using 4 bidirectional electronic switch K1-K4 and 1 Bidirectional electronic switch K5 combination, and it is single-phase by being realized to the high frequency modulated control for turning off bidirectional electronic switch K5 The stepless smooth frequency control function of synchronous motor, circuit is simple and reliable, and cost is relatively low.

Motor driver 30 provided in an embodiment of the present invention, also can be by ASIC, thickness in addition to being realized with standard logic circuits Film circuit, MCU, FPGA, PLD realize that these all should be in the application protection domain.Certainly, using integrated electricity The form on road, it can conveniently install, reduce circuit size, reduce circuit cost and improve the reliability of circuit.

The electric moter voltage waveform of motor driver 30 provided in an embodiment of the present invention is neat, complete, stably, greatly improves Detent torque, reduce single-phase synchronous machine and start failure and vibration noise phenomenon.The embodiment of the present invention is also used in single-phase In the system of the various loads of synchronous machine drives and speed governing, high-speed cruising application.Moreover, the VFC of the embodiment of the present invention Circuit is in addition to it can drive single-phase synchronous machine, it may also be used for drive single-phase asynchronous induction machine, motor with cup rotor etc..

In other embodiment, visual actual conditions are integrated in integrated circuits by part logic circuit, for example, can be with Only integrated frequency conversion control circuit 20 in integrated circuits, and high-power chopper circuit 80 and bridge circuit 70 are located at integrated circuit It is outside.For another example the motor driver 30 all can also be arranged at printing electricity with discrete component according to the design needs On the plate of road.

Embodiments of the invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, it is every to utilize this hair The equivalent structure or equivalent flow conversion that bright specification and accompanying drawing content are made, or directly or indirectly it is used in other related skills Art field, and with antilogical circuit realiration this control thought, be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. A kind of 1. motor driver, for driving the rotor of synchronous motor relative to stator rotation, the motor driver Including frequency conversion control circuit, bridge circuit and chopper circuit, the bridge circuit includes the first bridge arm and the second bridge arm, and described One bridge arm includes first and second bidirectional electronic switch for being connected in series, and second bridge arm includes the 3rd be connected in series and the Four bidirectional electronic switch, be connected to after first and second described bridge arm parallel connection with the chopper circuit AC power first end and Between second end, between the tie point of the tie point of first and second bidirectional electronic switch and the 3rd and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch The synchronous motor is connected, under synchronous motor operational state, the frequency conversion control circuit controls the conducting of the chopper circuit Or cut-off is simultaneously emitted by the control described first of frequency control signal and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch and second with controlled motor electric current And the 3rd bidirectional electronic switch alternate conduction with to motor carry out frequency control.
2. 2. motor driver as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control circuit also includes an electric current and examined The electric current of motor is flowed through in slowdown monitoring circuit, the current detection circuit detection, and the frequency conversion control circuit is according to the electric current for flowing through motor The current regulating signal of the on or off of chopper circuit described in output control.
3. 3. motor driver as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control circuit includes speed and sets list Member, shaping circuit and same OR gate, the speed setting unit provide the variable-frequency pulse of corresponding different motor speeds, the shaping Circuit provide with AC power positive half-wave or negative half-wave with frequency same-phase just or anti-phase rectangle works asynchronously pulse, the square Just as step working pulse and the variable-frequency pulse through the same OR gate output triggering first and the triggering of the 4th bidirectional electronic switch Signal, the frequency conversion control circuit also include a NOT gate, and the NOT gate receives the trigger signal of the same OR gate output, and exports The trigger signal of triggering second and third bidirectional electronic switch.
4. 4. motor driver as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that in the synchronous motor starting and ran simultaneously Cheng Zhong, the frequency conversion control circuit control the chopper circuit conducting and ended, and the variable-frequency pulse of the frequency conversion control circuit is During the first level, the frequency conversion control circuit triggers described first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch in the positive half-wave of AC power Conducting, second and third bidirectional electronic switch conducting is triggered when AC power is negative half-wave；The variable-frequency pulse is the During two level, the frequency conversion control circuit triggers second and third described bidirectional electronic switch when AC power is positive half-wave and led It is logical, described first and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch conducting are triggered when AC power is negative half-wave.
5. 5. motor driver as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control circuit includes first to fourth Drive circuit, described first and the 4th drive circuit receive the trigger signal of the same OR gate output, second and third described drive Dynamic circuit receives the trigger signal of NOT gate output, and the first output end of first drive circuit connects the first bidirectional electronic switch Control terminal, the second output end of first drive circuit connects the tie point of first and second bidirectional electronic switch, described First output end of the second drive circuit connects the control terminal of second bidirectional electronic switch, and the of second drive circuit Two output ends connect the tie point of second bidirectional electronic switch and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch；3rd drive circuit First output end connect the 3rd bidirectional electronic switch control terminal, the 3rd drive circuit the second output end connection the 3rd and The tie point of 4th bidirectional electronic switch, the first output end of the 4th drive circuit connect the 4th bidirectional electronic switch Control terminal, the second output end of the 4th drive circuit connects second bidirectional electronic switch and the 4th bidirectional electronic and opens The tie point of pass, first to fourth drive circuit is isolated drive circuit, and has Delayed conducting to immediately turn off function, with Prevent the upper and lower electronic switch of same bridge arm from simultaneously turning on phenomenon.
6. 6. motor driver as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control circuit also includes pulsewidth modulation The electric current of motor, the rectification circuit pair are flowed through in circuit, current detection circuit and rectification circuit, the current detection circuit detection Current of electric carries out rectification and exports the smooth signal of rectification, the speed setting unit also output current Setting signal, the reality The smooth signal of rectification and the output high-frequency pulsed width modulation pulse of given value of current signal via pulse width modulation for surveying electric current are used as output To the current regulating signal of the chopper circuit.
7. 7. motor driver as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control circuit also includes being connected to arteries and veins The 5th drive circuit between wide modulation circuit and chopper circuit, the chopper circuit are that can turn off bidirectional electronic switch.
8. 8. motor driver as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the rectification after the rectified processing of current of electric is smooth When the absolute value of signal is more than given electric current corresponding to given value of current signal, the pulse-width modulation circuit exports low level, to close Break the chopper circuit, and the absolute value of the smooth signal of rectification after current of electric rectified processing is less than given value of current signal pair During the given electric current answered, the pulse-width modulation circuit exports high level, to turn on the chopper circuit.
9. 9. motor driver as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the frequency of high-frequency pulsed width modulation pulse turns to be synchronous 3-30 times of electric moter voltage fundamental frequency when fast.
10. 10. motor driver as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the speed setting unit includes rotational speed setup Circuit, slope control circuit, stream/fast featured configuration circuit and voltage controlled oscillator, rotation-speed setting circuit provide controlled motor speed Tach signal, through slope control circuit, constant realizes former rotating speed to the smooth change of new rotating speed according to set time, then through stream/ Given value of current signal to the pulse-width modulation circuit, and output speed that fast featured configuration circuit output corresponds to friction speed gives Signal is to voltage controlled oscillator, the variable-frequency pulse of the corresponding different motor speeds of voltage controlled oscillator output.
11. 11. motor driver as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the speed setting unit includes position sensing Device and speed initialization circuit, the rotor lock-out pulse of the position sensor output respective rotor magnetic pole rotation is as the speed The variable-frequency pulse for the different motor speeds of correspondence that setting unit provides, the corresponding motor friction speed of speed initialization circuit output Given value of current signal.
12. 12. motor driver as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control circuit also include with it is described The voltage detecting circuit of 5th drive circuit connection, when electric moter voltage is above or below corresponding preset value, the voltage detecting Circuit controls the 5th drive circuit to turn off the chopper circuit.
13. 13. motor driver as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the frequency conversion control circuit, bridge circuit and cut Wave circuit is integrated at least one integrated circuit, and the integrated circuit includes first to fourth terminal, it is described first and second Terminal is used for first end and the second end for connecting AC power, and the first terminal is also connected with first bridge arm and the second bridge arm A tie point, the Second terminal passes through another company that the chopper circuit connects first bridge arm and the second bridge arm Contact, the third terminal connect tie point and the motor wiring of first and second bidirectional electronic switch, and the forth terminal connects Connect another wiring of the tie point and motor of the 3rd and the 4th bidirectional electronic switch；The integrated circuit by standard logic circuits, ASIC, thick film circuit, MCU, FPGA, PLD and bidirectional electronic switch are realized.
14. 14. a kind of electric machine assembly, including motor and be connected between motor and AC power as any in claim 1-13 Motor driver described in.
15. 15. a kind of load drive device, including electric machine assembly as claimed in claim 14 and driven by the electric machine assembly Load.