CN107862139A - The optimization method of reduction cable bearer eddy-current loss based on Orthogonal Experiment and Design - Google Patents
The optimization method of reduction cable bearer eddy-current loss based on Orthogonal Experiment and Design Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及涡流损耗领域,尤其涉及一种基于正交试验设计的降低电缆支架涡流损耗的优化方法,主要适用于提高效率与准确性。The invention relates to the field of eddy current loss, in particular to an optimization method for reducing eddy current loss of a cable support based on orthogonal test design, which is mainly applicable to improving efficiency and accuracy.
背景技术Background technique
在交流大电流作用下,电缆支架的导磁性会对电缆周围的磁场产生不可忽视的影响,长期电缆运行经验表明,普通钢支架涡流损耗不能忽略。因此,对钢制支架涡流损耗进行研究,有利于合理选择电缆布置方式和电缆支架材料,减少损耗,提高电缆运行水平。Under the action of high AC current, the magnetic permeability of the cable bracket will have a non-negligible impact on the magnetic field around the cable. Long-term cable operation experience shows that the eddy current loss of ordinary steel brackets cannot be ignored. Therefore, the research on the eddy current loss of the steel support is conducive to the reasonable selection of the cable layout and the material of the cable support, reducing the loss and improving the operation level of the cable.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中存在的效率低、准确性低的缺陷与问题,提供一种效率高、准确性高的基于正交试验设计的降低电缆支架涡流损耗的优化方法。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects and problems of low efficiency and low accuracy in the prior art, and provide an optimization method based on orthogonal test design to reduce eddy current loss of cable support with high efficiency and high accuracy.
为实现以上目的,本发明的技术解决方案是:一种基于正交试验设计的降低电缆支架涡流损耗的优化方法,该方法包括以下步骤:To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of optimization method for reducing the eddy current loss of cable support based on orthogonal test design, the method may further comprise the steps:
a、设计影响因素水平表,并根据水平数和影响因素数计算生成正交试验表;a. Design the level table of influencing factors, and generate an orthogonal test table according to the number of levels and the number of influencing factors;
b、根据正交试验表进行仿真计算,得到各组仿真试验中电缆支架上的涡流损耗值;b. Carry out the simulation calculation according to the orthogonal test table, and obtain the eddy current loss value on the cable bracket in each group of simulation tests;
c、在正交试验表中添加仿真结果,根据该仿真结果分别求出每个影响因素各水平的均值与极差,并绘制效应曲线图;c. Add the simulation results in the orthogonal test table, calculate the mean value and range of each level of each influencing factor according to the simulation results, and draw the effect curve;
d、根据效应曲线图得到各种影响因素对电缆支架涡流损耗的主次顺序,并通过正交试验分析得到降低电缆支架涡流损耗的最优方案。d. According to the effect curve, the primary and secondary order of various influencing factors on the eddy current loss of the cable support is obtained, and the optimal scheme for reducing the eddy current loss of the cable support is obtained through orthogonal test analysis.
步骤a中,所述正交试验表通过公式Ln(qp)计算生成,其中,n表示行数,p表示列数,q表示水平数,行数n、列数p、水平数q相互间关系如下:In step a, the orthogonal test table is calculated and generated by the formula L n (q p ), wherein, n represents the number of rows, p represents the number of columns, q represents the number of levels, and the number of rows n, the number of columns p, and the number of levels q are mutually The relationship between them is as follows:
n=qk,k=2,3,4…,p=(n-1)/(q-1)。n=q k , k=2, 3, 4 . . . , p=(n-1)/(q-1).
步骤a中,所述影响因素是指影响电缆支架涡流损耗的因素,其包括电缆与支架表面的距离、三相电缆的排列方式、电缆支架材料的相对磁导率、电缆支架材料的电阻率;所述正交试验表中列数p取4。In step a, the influencing factors refer to factors affecting the eddy current loss of the cable support, which include the distance between the cable and the surface of the support, the arrangement of the three-phase cables, the relative magnetic permeability of the cable support material, and the resistivity of the cable support material; The number of columns p in the orthogonal test table is 4.
步骤a中,所述正交试验表中水平数q取3,k取3;In step a, the number of levels q in the orthogonal test table is 3, and k is 3;
所述电缆与支架表面的距离分别设置为20mm、30mm、40mm;The distances between the cables and the surface of the support are respectively set to 20mm, 30mm, and 40mm;
所述三相电缆的排列方式分别设置为品字放置于中相、水平放置于中相、竖直放置于中相;The arrangement of the three-phase cables is respectively set to be placed in the middle phase, horizontally placed in the middle phase, and vertically placed in the middle phase;
所述电缆支架材料的相对磁导率分别设置为200、300、400;The relative magnetic permeability of the cable support material is set to 200, 300, 400 respectively;
所述电缆支架材料的电阻率分别设置为1×10-7Ω·m,2×10-7Ω·m,3×10-7Ω·m。The resistivities of the cable support materials are respectively set to 1×10 -7 Ω·m, 2×10 -7 Ω·m, and 3×10 -7 Ω·m.
步骤b中,先通过正交试验表得到多组试验数据,再根据各组试验数据,利用有限元软件建立多种电缆支架输电线路模型,然后计算各种电缆支架输电线路模型中电缆支架上的涡流损耗值。In step b, multiple sets of test data are first obtained through the orthogonal test table, and then according to each set of test data, a variety of cable support transmission line models are established using finite element software, and then the various cable support transmission line models are calculated. Eddy current loss value.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
本发明一种基于正交试验设计的降低电缆支架涡流损耗的优化方法基于数学分析和仿真,能够在大量减少试验次数的情况下得到准确的试验结果,节省了计算时间和大规模的数据处理,提高了降低电缆支架涡流损耗优化的效率和准确性。An optimization method for reducing the eddy current loss of a cable support based on an orthogonal test design in the present invention is based on mathematical analysis and simulation, and can obtain accurate test results while greatly reducing the number of tests, saving calculation time and large-scale data processing, Improved the efficiency and accuracy of optimization for reducing eddy current losses in cable supports.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明基于正交试验设计的降低电缆支架涡流损耗的优化方法的流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the optimization method for reducing the eddy current loss of the cable support based on the orthogonal test design of the present invention.
图2是本发明中电缆品字形放置于中相的结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the cable character placed in the middle phase in the present invention.
图3是本发明中电缆水平放置于中相的结构示意图。Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of cables placed horizontally in the middle phase in the present invention.
图4是本发明中电缆竖直放置于中相的结构示意图。Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of cables placed vertically in the middle phase in the present invention.
图5是本发明中电缆与电缆支架之间的位置关系示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the cable and the cable support in the present invention.
图6是本发明中效应曲线图。Fig. 6 is an effect curve diagram in the present invention.
图中:电缆支架1、电缆2。In the figure: cable bracket 1, cable 2.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图说明和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
参见图1,一种基于正交试验设计的降低电缆支架涡流损耗的优化方法,该方法包括以下步骤:Referring to Fig. 1, an optimization method for reducing the eddy current loss of a cable support based on an orthogonal test design, the method includes the following steps:
a、设计影响因素水平表,并根据水平数和影响因素数计算生成正交试验表;a. Design the level table of influencing factors, and generate an orthogonal test table according to the number of levels and the number of influencing factors;
b、根据正交试验表进行仿真计算,得到各组仿真试验中电缆支架上的涡流损耗值;b. Carry out the simulation calculation according to the orthogonal test table, and obtain the eddy current loss value on the cable bracket in each group of simulation tests;
c、在正交试验表中添加仿真结果,根据该仿真结果分别求出每个影响因素各水平的均值与极差,并绘制效应曲线图;c. Add the simulation results in the orthogonal test table, calculate the mean value and range of each level of each influencing factor according to the simulation results, and draw the effect curve;
d、根据效应曲线图得到各种影响因素对电缆支架涡流损耗的主次顺序,并通过正交试验分析得到降低电缆支架涡流损耗的最优方案。d. According to the effect curve, the primary and secondary order of various influencing factors on the eddy current loss of the cable support is obtained, and the optimal scheme for reducing the eddy current loss of the cable support is obtained through orthogonal test analysis.
步骤a中,所述正交试验表通过公式Ln(qp)计算生成,其中,n表示行数,p表示列数,q表示水平数,行数n、列数p、水平数q相互间关系如下:In step a, the orthogonal test table is calculated and generated by the formula L n (q p ), wherein, n represents the number of rows, p represents the number of columns, q represents the number of levels, and the number of rows n, the number of columns p, and the number of levels q are mutually The relationship between them is as follows:
n=qk,k=2,3,4…,p=(n-1)/(q-1)。n=q k , k=2, 3, 4 . . . , p=(n-1)/(q-1).
步骤a中,所述影响因素是指影响电缆支架涡流损耗的因素,其包括电缆与支架表面的距离、三相电缆的排列方式、电缆支架材料的相对磁导率、电缆支架材料的电阻率;所述正交试验表中列数p取4。In step a, the influencing factors refer to factors affecting the eddy current loss of the cable support, which include the distance between the cable and the surface of the support, the arrangement of the three-phase cables, the relative magnetic permeability of the cable support material, and the resistivity of the cable support material; The number of columns p in the orthogonal test table is 4.
步骤a中,所述正交试验表中水平数q取3,k取3;In step a, the number of levels q in the orthogonal test table is 3, and k is 3;
所述电缆与支架表面的距离分别设置为20mm、30mm、40mm;The distances between the cables and the surface of the support are respectively set to 20mm, 30mm, and 40mm;
所述三相电缆的排列方式分别设置为品字放置于中相、水平放置于中相、竖直放置于中相;The arrangement of the three-phase cables is respectively set to be placed in the middle phase, horizontally placed in the middle phase, and vertically placed in the middle phase;
所述电缆支架材料的相对磁导率分别设置为200、300、400;The relative magnetic permeability of the cable support material is set to 200, 300, 400 respectively;
所述电缆支架材料的电阻率分别设置为1×10-7Ω·m,2×10-7Ω·m,3×10-7Ω·m。The resistivities of the cable support materials are respectively set to 1×10 -7 Ω·m, 2×10 -7 Ω·m, and 3×10 -7 Ω·m.
步骤b中,先通过正交试验表得到多组试验数据,再根据各组试验数据,利用有限元软件建立多种电缆支架输电线路模型,然后计算各种电缆支架输电线路模型中电缆支架上的涡流损耗值。In step b, multiple sets of test data are first obtained through the orthogonal test table, and then according to each set of test data, a variety of cable support transmission line models are established using finite element software, and then the various cable support transmission line models are calculated. Eddy current loss value.
本发明的原理说明如下:Principle of the present invention is described as follows:
影响电缆支架涡流损耗的因素有:(1)电缆通过电流大小;(2)电缆与支架表面距离;(3)三相电缆不同排列方式;(4)电缆支架材料的相对磁导率;(5)电缆支架材料的电阻率。因为五个影响因素中电缆通过电流大小由负荷决定,无法人为控制,所以在研究降低电缆支架涡流损耗方法时该因素不作为比较条件,因此,将(2)~(5)作为影响电缆支架涡流损耗的因素,每个因素选择3组数值(即3种水平),采用现有方法来安排电缆支架涡流损耗仿真计算,理论上来说,对于4因素3水平的条件,如果每种情况全部计算,需要完成34=81组的仿真才能比较出最优结果所对应的因素和水平值,而采用正交试验设计仅需要进行9组计算,即可得到最优的方案。The factors affecting the eddy current loss of the cable support are: (1) the size of the current passing through the cable; (2) the distance between the cable and the surface of the support; (3) the different arrangements of the three-phase cables; (4) the relative magnetic permeability of the cable support material; (5) ) resistivity of the cable support material. Because the size of the cable passing current among the five influencing factors is determined by the load and cannot be controlled artificially, this factor is not used as a comparison condition when studying the method of reducing the eddy current loss of the cable support. For the loss factor, select 3 sets of values (that is, 3 levels) for each factor, and use the existing method to arrange the simulation calculation of the eddy current loss of the cable support. In theory, for the conditions of 4 factors and 3 levels, if all calculations are made in each case, It is necessary to complete 3 4 =81 sets of simulations to compare the factors and levels corresponding to the optimal results, while using the orthogonal test design only needs to perform 9 sets of calculations to obtain the optimal solution.
本设计以电缆支架三维仿真为基础,设计出4因素3水平正交试验表,利用有限元软件计算出电缆支架涡流损耗,根据输出结果进行数据分析,求出各水平的均值与极差,并绘制效应曲线图,最终获取一组降低电缆支架涡流损耗的最佳方案。类似的,本设计涉及的方法也可以应用到其他型号电缆支架降低电缆支架涡流损耗中,根据不同的指标要求和模型结构,套用本设计的流程和方法,避免运算的庞大数据量和数据后期处理,该方法的适应性强,灵活多变,也可以推广到热学分析、力学分析等其他领域。This design is based on the three-dimensional simulation of the cable support, and an orthogonal test table with 4 factors and 3 levels is designed, and the eddy current loss of the cable support is calculated by using the finite element software, and the data analysis is carried out according to the output results, and the average value and range of each level are obtained, and Draw the effect curve, and finally obtain a set of optimal solutions to reduce the eddy current loss of the cable support. Similarly, the method involved in this design can also be applied to other types of cable supports to reduce the eddy current loss of cable supports. According to different index requirements and model structures, the process and method of this design can be applied to avoid the huge amount of calculation data and data post-processing , the method is highly adaptable, flexible and changeable, and can also be extended to other fields such as thermal analysis and mechanical analysis.
实施例:Example:
参见图1,一种基于正交试验设计的降低电缆支架涡流损耗的优化方法,该方法包括以下步骤:Referring to Fig. 1, an optimization method for reducing the eddy current loss of a cable support based on an orthogonal test design, the method includes the following steps:
a、设计影响因素水平表,并根据水平数和影响因素数计算生成正交试验表;a. Design the level table of influencing factors, and generate an orthogonal test table according to the number of levels and the number of influencing factors;
本实施例确定影响电缆支架涡流损耗的因素分别是电缆与支架表面的距离、三相电缆的排列方式、电缆支架材料的相对磁导率、电缆支架材料的电阻率;所述电缆与支架表面的距离分别设置为20mm、30mm、40mm;所述三相电缆的排列方式分别设置为品字放置于中相、水平放置于中相、竖直放置于中相;所述电缆支架材料的相对磁导率分别设置为200、300、400;所述电缆支架材料的电阻率分别设置为1×10-7Ω·m,2×10-7Ω·m,3×10-7Ω·m;This embodiment determines that the factors affecting the eddy current loss of the cable support are the distance between the cable and the support surface, the arrangement of the three-phase cables, the relative magnetic permeability of the cable support material, and the resistivity of the cable support material; the distance between the cable and the support surface The distances are set to 20mm, 30mm, and 40mm respectively; the arrangement of the three-phase cables is respectively set to be placed in the middle phase, horizontally placed in the middle phase, and vertically placed in the middle phase; the relative magnetic permeability of the cable support material The electrical resistivity is set to 200, 300, and 400 respectively; the resistivity of the cable support material is respectively set to 1×10 -7 Ω·m, 2×10 -7 Ω·m, 3×10 -7 Ω·m;
设计4个影响因素的正交试验因素和水平如表1所示,所述正交试验表通过公式Ln(qp)计算生成,其中,n表示行数,p表示列数,q表示水平数,行数n、列数p、水平数q相互间关系如下:The factors and levels of the orthogonal test of the four influencing factors are shown in Table 1. The orthogonal test table is calculated and generated by the formula L n (q p ), where n represents the number of rows, p represents the number of columns, and q represents the level The relationship between row number n, column number p, and horizontal number q is as follows:
n=qk,k=2,3,4…,p=(n-1)/(q-1);n=q k , k=2, 3, 4..., p=(n-1)/(q-1);
由于影响因素为4个,水平数q=3,因此k=3,计算出n=9,选择正交试验表L9=(34)进行试验,试验参数组合如表2所示;Since there are 4 influencing factors and the number of levels q=3, k=3, n=9 is calculated, and the orthogonal test table L 9 =(3 4 ) is selected for the test, and the combination of test parameters is shown in Table 2;
表1影响因素水平表Table 1 Level table of influencing factors
表2正交试验表L9(34)Table 2 Orthogonal Test Table L 9 (3 4 )
b、先通过正交试验表得到4因素3水平的9组试验数据,再根据各组试验数据,利用有限元软件建立多种电缆支架输电线路模型,然后计算各种电缆支架输电线路模型中电缆支架上的涡流损耗值;b. First obtain 9 sets of test data with 4 factors and 3 levels through the orthogonal test table, and then according to each set of test data, use finite element software to establish a variety of cable support transmission line models, and then calculate the cables in various cable support transmission line models Eddy current loss value on the bracket;
c、进行数据的统计分析,其中,在正交试验表中添加仿真结果,根据该仿真结果分别求出每个影响因素各水平的均值与极差(如表3所示),并绘制效应曲线图,对计算结果进行直观分析如图6;C, carry out the statistical analysis of data, wherein, add simulation result in orthogonal test table, find out the mean value and extreme difference (as shown in table 3) of each level of each influencing factor respectively according to this simulation result, and draw effect curve Figure 6, visual analysis of the calculation results is shown in Figure 6;
表3各因素水平的均值与极差Table 3 The mean and range of each factor level
d、根据效应曲线图得到各种影响因素对电缆支架涡流损耗的主次顺序,并通过正交试验分析得到降低电缆支架涡流损耗的最优方案;d. According to the effect curve, the primary and secondary order of various influencing factors on the eddy current loss of the cable support is obtained, and the optimal solution for reducing the eddy current loss of the cable support is obtained through orthogonal test analysis;
根据表3与图6得出以下结论:According to Table 3 and Figure 6, the following conclusions can be drawn:
(1)四个因素对涡流损耗影响的主次顺序是:(1) The primary and secondary order of the influence of the four factors on the eddy current loss is:
(2)通过正交试验分析可以得到最优的参数组合为A3B1C1D1,即电缆与支架表面的间距最大、三相电缆品字形放置于中相、电缆支架材料的相对磁导率最小、电缆支架材料的电阻率最大;也就是说,在施工条件允许范围内,增大电缆与支架表面的间距、三相电缆采用品字形敷设方式、电缆支架材料尽量选择导磁和导电性低的材料,此为降低支架涡流损耗的最好方法。(2) The optimal parameter combination can be obtained through orthogonal test analysis as A 3 B 1 C 1 D 1 , that is, the distance between the cable and the surface of the support is the largest, the three-phase cable is placed in the middle phase, and the relative magnetic field of the cable support material is The conductivity is the smallest, and the resistivity of the cable support material is the largest; that is, within the scope of construction conditions, increase the distance between the cable and the surface of the support, three-phase cables should be laid in a zigzag shape, and the cable support material should be magnetically conductive and conductive. This is the best way to reduce the eddy current loss of the bracket.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. optimization method of the reduction cable bearer eddy-current loss based on Orthogonal Experiment and Design, it is characterised in that this method Comprise the following steps:A, influence factor water-glass is designed, and generation orthogonal test table is calculated according to number of levels and influence factor number;B, simulation calculation is carried out according to orthogonal test table, obtains the eddy-current loss value on cable bearer in each group l-G simulation test;C, simulation result is added in orthogonal test table, it is each horizontal equal to obtain each influence factor respectively according to the simulation result Value and extreme difference, and draw effect curve figure;D, primary and secondary order of the various influence factors to cable bearer eddy-current loss is obtained according to effect curve figure, and passes through orthogonal examination Test the optimal case that analysis is reduced cable bearer eddy-current loss.
- A kind of 2. optimization side of reduction cable bearer eddy-current loss based on Orthogonal Experiment and Design according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that:In step a, the orthogonal test table passes through formula Ln(qp) generation is calculated, wherein, n represents line number, p tables Show columns, q represents number of levels, and line number n, columns p, the mutual relations of number of levels q are as follows:N=qk, k=2,3,4 ..., p=(n-1)/(q-1).
- A kind of 3. optimization side of reduction cable bearer eddy-current loss based on Orthogonal Experiment and Design according to claim 2 Method, it is characterised in that:In step a, the influence factor refer to influence cable bearer eddy-current loss factor, it include cable and The distance of rack surface, the arrangement mode of threephase cable, the relative permeability of cable bearer material, the resistance of cable bearer material Rate;The orthogonal test table midrange p takes 4.
- A kind of 4. optimization side of reduction cable bearer eddy-current loss based on Orthogonal Experiment and Design according to claim 3 Method, it is characterised in that:In step a, number of levels q takes 3, k to take 3 in the orthogonal test table;The distance of the cable and rack surface is respectively set to 20mm, 30mm, 40mm;The arrangement mode of the threephase cable is respectively set to product word and is positioned over middle phase, is placed horizontally at middle phase, is vertically placed on Middle phase;The relative permeability of the cable bearer material is respectively set to 200,300,400;The resistivity of the cable bearer material is respectively set to 1 × 10-7Ω m, 2 × 10-7Ω m, 3 × 10-7Ω·m。
- A kind of 5. optimization side of reduction cable bearer eddy-current loss based on Orthogonal Experiment and Design according to claim 1 Method, it is characterised in that:In step b, first pass through orthogonal test table and obtain multigroup test data, further according to each group test data, profit A variety of cable bearer model of power transmission system are established with finite element software, are then calculated electric in various cable bearer model of power transmission system Eddy-current loss value on cable support.
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