CN107843980A - Visible infrared dual-channel refractive and reflective optical system - Google Patents
Visible infrared dual-channel refractive and reflective optical system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统，其包括沿同一光轴依次顺序设置的反射主镜、次镜及反射镜，所述反射主镜反射可见光和红外光，所述反射主镜的反射面朝向所述次镜、且其中心区域设有通孔，所述次镜反射可见光、透射红外光；可见光和红外光均被所述反射主镜的反射面反射至所述次镜，其中，可见光被所述次镜反射后，通过所述通孔在可见光成像面成像；红外光则透射所述次镜后，被所述反射镜反射至红外像面成像。所述可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统中，可见光和红外光采用共口径共光路的形式，实现了对目标的可见光和红外光双波段的同时成像，提高了光能利用效率；同时整个系统具有结构紧凑的特点，可在保证系统总长较小的条件下实现大口径，有利于对目标的远距离探测。
The present invention provides a visible-infrared double-channel catadioptric optical system, which includes a reflective primary mirror, a secondary mirror and a reflective mirror arranged in sequence along the same optical axis, the reflective primary mirror reflects visible light and infrared light, and the reflective primary mirror The reflective surface of the mirror faces the secondary mirror, and a through hole is provided in its central area, and the secondary mirror reflects visible light and transmits infrared light; both visible light and infrared light are reflected to the secondary mirror by the reflective surface of the reflective primary mirror , wherein, after the visible light is reflected by the secondary mirror, it passes through the through hole to form an image on the visible light imaging plane; after the infrared light passes through the secondary mirror, it is reflected by the reflector to the infrared image plane for imaging. In the visible-infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system, visible light and infrared light adopt the form of common aperture and common optical path, which realizes simultaneous imaging of the target's visible light and infrared light dual-band, and improves the efficiency of light energy utilization; at the same time, the entire system It has the characteristics of compact structure, and can realize large-caliber under the condition of keeping the overall length of the system small, which is beneficial to long-distance detection of targets.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光学技术领域，尤其涉及一种可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统。The invention relates to the field of optical technology, in particular to a visible-infrared double-channel catadioptric optical system.
背景技术Background technique
在军事、民用等各类应用领域中，为了在不同的外界环境下快速、及时的发现目标，并对目标进行实时的跟踪和精确测量，既要求得到目标的可见光图像，又需要得到其红外图像。In various application fields such as military and civilian, in order to quickly and timely find targets in different external environments, and to track and measure targets in real time, it is required to obtain both visible light images and infrared images of targets. .
对此，现有技术中，普遍采用的单一波段光学系统已经越来越难以满足实际使用的需要，越来越多的双波段光学系统被应用到实际中。但是，现有双波段光学系统一般存在结构复杂、体积大等问题。In view of this, in the prior art, the commonly used single-band optical system has become more and more difficult to meet the needs of practical use, and more and more dual-band optical systems have been applied in practice. However, the existing dual-band optical systems generally have problems such as complex structures and large volumes.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此，本发明提供一种结构简单、体积较小的可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统，用于解决现有技术中存在的问题。In view of this, the present invention provides a visible-infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system with simple structure and small volume, which is used to solve the problems existing in the prior art.
一种可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统，其包括：沿同一光轴依次顺序设置的反射主镜、次镜及反射镜，所述反射主镜反射可见光和红外光，所述反射主镜的反射面朝向所述次镜、且其中心区域设有通孔，所述次镜反射可见光、透射红外光；可见光和红外光均被所述反射主镜的反射面反射至所述次镜，其中，可见光被所述次镜反射后，通过所述通孔在可见光成像面成像；红外光则透射所述次镜后，被所述反射镜反射至红外像面成像。A visible-infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system, which includes: a reflective primary mirror, a secondary mirror, and a reflective mirror arranged sequentially along the same optical axis, the reflective primary mirror reflects visible light and infrared light, and the reflective primary mirror The reflective surface faces the secondary mirror, and a through hole is provided in its central area, and the secondary mirror reflects visible light and transmits infrared light; both visible light and infrared light are reflected to the secondary mirror by the reflective surface of the reflective primary mirror, wherein After the visible light is reflected by the secondary mirror, it passes through the through hole to form an image on the visible light imaging surface; after the infrared light passes through the secondary mirror, it is reflected by the reflecting mirror to the infrared image surface to form an image.
本发明一较佳实施方式中，所述反射主镜的反射面为二次曲面。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflective surface of the reflective primary mirror is a quadric surface.
本发明一较佳实施方式中，所述次镜包括朝向所述反射主镜的第一表面和朝向所述反射镜的第二表面，所述第一表面为二次曲面，所述第二表面为非球面。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary mirror includes a first surface facing the reflecting primary mirror and a second surface facing the reflecting mirror, the first surface is a quadric surface, and the second surface is aspherical.
本发明一较佳实施方式中，所述次镜的第一表面镀有反射可见光、透射红外光的光谱分光膜。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first surface of the secondary mirror is coated with a spectroscopic film that reflects visible light and transmits infrared light.
本发明一较佳实施方式中，所述次镜由透射红外光的材料构成。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the secondary mirror is made of a material that transmits infrared light.
本发明一较佳实施方式中，所述反射镜为平面反射镜。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reflector is a plane reflector.
本发明一较佳实施方式中，所述反射镜与所述光轴的夹角为45度。In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the included angle between the reflector and the optical axis is 45 degrees.
相较于现有技术，本发明提供的可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统中，可见光和红外光采用共口径共光路的形式，实现了对目标的可见光和红外光双波段的同时成像，提高了光能利用效率；同时整个系统具有结构紧凑的特点，可以在保证系统总长较小的条件下实现大口径，有利于对目标的远距离探测。Compared with the prior art, in the visible-infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system provided by the present invention, visible light and infrared light adopt the form of common aperture and common optical path, which realizes simultaneous imaging of the target’s visible light and infrared dual-band, improving At the same time, the whole system has the characteristics of compact structure, which can realize large aperture under the condition of keeping the total length of the system small, which is beneficial to long-distance detection of targets.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a visible-infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system provided by the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了便于理解本发明，下面将参照相关附图对本发明进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本发明的较佳实施方式。以上仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。In order to facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully below with reference to the associated drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the description of the present invention and the contents of the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields , are all included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention in the same way.
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field of the invention. The terminology used herein in the description of the present invention is only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and is not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
本发明提供一种可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统，其包括：沿同一光轴依次顺序设置的反射主镜、次镜及反射镜，所述反射主镜反射可见光和红外光，所述反射主镜的反射面朝向所述次镜、且其中心区域设有通孔，所述次镜反射可见光、透射红外光；可见光和红外光均被所述反射主镜的反射面反射至所述次镜，其中，可见光被所述次镜反射后，通过所述通孔在可见光成像面成像；红外光则透射所述次镜后，被所述反射镜反射至红外像面成像。The invention provides a visible-infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system, which includes: a reflective primary mirror, a secondary mirror, and a reflective mirror arranged sequentially along the same optical axis, the reflective primary mirror reflects visible light and infrared light, and the reflective The reflective surface of the primary mirror faces the secondary mirror, and a through hole is provided in its central area, and the secondary mirror reflects visible light and transmits infrared light; both visible light and infrared light are reflected to the secondary mirror by the reflective surface of the reflective primary mirror. Mirror, wherein, after the visible light is reflected by the secondary mirror, it passes through the through hole to form an image on the visible light imaging surface; after the infrared light passes through the secondary mirror, it is reflected by the reflecting mirror to the infrared image surface for imaging.
请参阅图1，为本发明一较佳实施例提供的可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统，其包括反射主镜1、次镜2及反射镜3，所述反射主镜1、所述次镜2及所述反射镜3沿同一光轴依次顺序设置。所述反射主镜1反射可见光和红外光，所述反射主镜1的反射面11朝向所述次镜2、且其中心区域设有通孔13。所述次镜2反射可见光、透射红外光。可见光和红外光均被所述反射主镜1的反射面11反射至所述次镜2，其中，可见光被所述次镜2反射后，通过所述通孔13在可见光成像面15成像；红外光则透射所述次镜2后，被所述反射镜3反射至红外像面31成像。Please refer to Fig. 1, the visible infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system that a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides, it comprises reflective primary mirror 1, secondary mirror 2 and reflective mirror 3, described reflective primary mirror 1, described secondary The mirror 2 and the reflector 3 are sequentially arranged along the same optical axis. The reflective primary mirror 1 reflects visible light and infrared light, the reflective surface 11 of the reflective primary mirror 1 faces the secondary mirror 2 , and a through hole 13 is provided in its central area. The secondary mirror 2 reflects visible light and transmits infrared light. Both visible light and infrared light are reflected to the secondary mirror 2 by the reflective surface 11 of the reflective primary mirror 1, wherein, after the visible light is reflected by the secondary mirror 2, it forms an image on the visible light imaging surface 15 through the through hole 13; After the light is transmitted through the secondary mirror 2, it is reflected by the reflective mirror 3 to the infrared image plane 31 for imaging.
本实施例中，所述反射主镜1包括朝向所述次镜2的反射面11及背离所述次镜2的背面12，其中，所述反射面11为二次曲面。In this embodiment, the reflective primary mirror 1 includes a reflective surface 11 facing the secondary mirror 2 and a back surface 12 facing away from the secondary mirror 2, wherein the reflective surface 11 is a quadric surface.
优选地，所述通孔13的中心轴和所述光轴同轴。Preferably, the central axis of the through hole 13 is coaxial with the optical axis.
本实施例中，所述次镜2包括朝向所述反射主镜1的第一表面21和朝向所述反射镜3的第二表面23，所述第一表面21为二次曲面，所述第二表面23为非球面。In this embodiment, the secondary mirror 2 includes a first surface 21 facing the reflecting primary mirror 1 and a second surface 23 facing the reflecting mirror 3, the first surface 21 is a quadric surface, and the second surface The two surfaces 23 are aspherical.
本实施例中，所述次镜2的第一表面21镀有反射可见光、透射红外光的光谱分光膜。由此，所述次镜2可有效地反射可见光、透射红外光，从而形成可见光和红外光两个通道。In this embodiment, the first surface 21 of the secondary mirror 2 is coated with a spectroscopic film that reflects visible light and transmits infrared light. Thus, the secondary mirror 2 can effectively reflect visible light and transmit infrared light, thereby forming two channels of visible light and infrared light.
优选地，所述次镜2由透射红外光的材料构成，如透红外玻璃(透过红外光截止或吸收可见光及紫外光，可以是透红外有色玻璃或通过玻璃镀透红外膜来制做)，或者透红外塑料(由PC、PMMA材料制成)。Preferably, the secondary mirror 2 is made of a material that transmits infrared light, such as infrared-transmitting glass (cutting off infrared light or absorbing visible light and ultraviolet light, it can be made of infrared-transmitting colored glass or coated with an infrared-transmitting film) , or infrared plastic (made of PC, PMMA materials).
可以理解的是，所述反射主镜1的反射面11和所述次镜2的第一表面21均为二次曲面，对于可见光共同构成反射式成像系统。所述次镜2的第二表面23为非球面，对于红外成像系统有修正像差的作用。It can be understood that, both the reflective surface 11 of the reflective primary mirror 1 and the first surface 21 of the secondary mirror 2 are quadric surfaces, which jointly constitute a reflective imaging system for visible light. The second surface 23 of the secondary mirror 2 is an aspheric surface, which can correct aberrations for the infrared imaging system.
本实施例中，所述反射镜4为平面反射镜。优选地，所述反射镜4与所述光轴的夹角为45度。当然，并不局限于此，所述反射镜4与所述光轴的夹角可以根据实际红外像面31的位置设置进行设计，如60度或其他角度均可。In this embodiment, the reflector 4 is a plane reflector. Preferably, the included angle between the reflector 4 and the optical axis is 45 degrees. Of course, it is not limited thereto, and the included angle between the reflector 4 and the optical axis can be designed according to the actual position setting of the infrared image plane 31 , such as 60 degrees or other angles.
本实施例中，可见光和红外光两个波段分别成像于可见光成像面15和红外像面31，当然，并不局限于此，根据实际设计需要，也可以在可见光成像面15和红外像面31后加上后续光路，由此可二次成像于其它位置。In this embodiment, the two bands of visible light and infrared light are respectively imaged on the visible light imaging surface 15 and the infrared image surface 31. Of course, it is not limited thereto. After adding the follow-up optical path, it can be imaged at other positions again.
相较于现有技术，本发明提供的可见红外双通道折反射式光学系统中，可见光和红外光采用共口径共光路的形式，实现了对目标的可见光和红外光双波段的同时成像，提高了光能利用效率；同时整个系统具有结构紧凑的特点，可以在保证系统总长较小的条件下实现大口径，有利于对目标的远距离探测。Compared with the prior art, in the visible-infrared dual-channel catadioptric optical system provided by the present invention, visible light and infrared light adopt the form of common aperture and common optical path, which realizes simultaneous imaging of the target’s visible light and infrared dual-band, improving At the same time, the whole system has the characteristics of compact structure, which can realize large aperture under the condition of keeping the total length of the system small, which is beneficial to long-distance detection of targets.
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。The above-mentioned embodiments only express several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but should not be construed as limiting the patent scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent for the present invention should be based on the appended claims.
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| CN112859319A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-05-28 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | Large-caliber wide-spectrum coaxial bidirectional layout telescope optical system |
| CN112859319B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2025-01-03 | 中科院南京天文仪器有限公司 | A large-aperture, wide-spectrum, coaxial, bidirectional telescope optical system |
| CN116400378A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2023-07-07 | 中国电子科技集团公司信息科学研究院 | Visible-long wave infrared double-color imaging detection system |
| CN116400378B (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2024-07-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司信息科学研究院 | Visible-long wave infrared double-color imaging detection system |
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