Heat treatment method of the large size with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece, installation side and heat treatment
Fixture
Technical field
The invention belongs to heat treatment technics, it is related to a kind of large-scale heat treatment method with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece, installation
Side and fixture of heat treatment.
Background technique
With the tube-like thin-wall ring-shaped work pieces to close up, need to carry out vacuum heat treatment guarantee material final performance after weld formation, this
Class part is welded by thin-wall stamping part, in vacuum heat treatment processing, the needle-shaped bulge in piece surface many places, recessed often occurs
The defects of hole, warpage and surface large area are recessed and cause to scrap.The large-scale tube-like thin-wall ring-shaped work pieces with closing in, because part exists
There are the processes such as molding, welding before heat treatment, part shape is special, the big thin-walled of size, there is adding for various complexity before heat treatment
Work stress, during heat treatment, moulding stress, welding stress and heat treatment thermal stress, material structure Stress superposition influence, very
Empty heat-treatment distortion control is always the problem in this field.It is disclosed in the patent application of 102747196 A of Publication No. CN
A kind of support device for preventing annular workpieces from deforming, but the part of device processing is the annular thin wall workpiece of simple shape,
The problem on deformation with the tube-like thin-wall ring-shaped work pieces to close up is not can solve.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is: propose a kind of large-scale heat treatment method with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece, installation side and heat
Handle fixture, so as to avoid occurring after large-scale band closing in tube-like thin-wall heat treatment of workpieces the needle-shaped bulge in piece surface many places, pit,
The defects of warpage and surface large area are recessed, improves the qualification rate of part.
The technical scheme is that the large-scale heat treatment method with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece, processed tubular are thin
The outer diameter of walled workpieces 2 is not less than 800mm, and axial length is not less than 500mm, and the upper end of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 has arc-shaped receipts
The wall thickness of mouth section, tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 is not more than 1.5mm;It is characterized in that, the step of heat treatment, is as follows:
1, welding installation is while 5: when installation 5 lower port is aligned with the upper port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and spot welding is connect,
Solder joint is uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the spacing of adjacent welds is 30mm~40mm;
2, tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and fixture of heat treatment are assembled: inner support cylinder 3 being put into the centre of bottom plate 9, then by tubular
Thin-wall workpiece 2 is sleeved on the outside of inner support cylinder 3, and the lower port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and the lower end of inner support cylinder 3 are affixed, then
Outer cylinder 1 is put on bottom plate 9, the outside of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 is sleeved on, so far completes tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and heat treatment folder
The assembly of tool;
3, it is heat-treated: assembly tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and fixture of heat treatment is lifted into heat-treatment furnace, close fire door, it is right
Stove is vacuumized, and vacuum degree in furnace is made to be lower than 6.65 × 10-2Pa is warmed to temperature as defined in specification of heat treatment, heat preservation hot
Time as defined in processing specification is filled with argon gas into furnace and is cooled down, and is cooled to 80 DEG C or less and comes out of the stove.
The installation side 5 that heat treatment method of the large size with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece as described above uses, it is characterised in that:
Installation side 5 is a step cylinder, and the outer diameter of its upper section cylinder is less than the outer diameter of lower section cylinder, the height H1=15mm of upper section cylinder~
The outer diameter of 20mm, height H2=10mm~15mm of lower section cylinder, lower section cylinder are identical as the outer diameter of 2 upper port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece,
Material and the wall thickness for installing side 5 are identical as the material of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and wall thickness;There is at least two in installation 5 upper port of side
The work piece hoisting handle being uniformly distributed along the circumference.
The fixture of heat treatment that heat treatment method of the large size with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece as described above uses, feature exist
In: fixture of heat treatment includes outer cylinder 1, inner support cylinder 3, inner support cylinder outer ring 4, inner support cylinder lifting handles 7, outer cylinder lifting handles
8, bottom plate (9) and bottom plate lifting handles 10;Bottom plate lifting handles 10 are fixed on the periphery of bottom plate 9;Inner support cylinder 3 is a circle
Cylinder, the external surface shape of inner support cylinder 3 is identical as the external surface shape of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2, in the upper port of interior support tube 3,
2 sets of the tube-like thin-wall workpiece outsides in interior support tube 3, the external surface shape of inner support cylinder 3 and the inner surface of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2
Between gap be 1mm~1.5mm, 3 height of inner support cylinder is higher than the sum of height and installation side 5 height of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2
50mm~100mm, the inner support cylinder lifting handles 7 for thering is at least two to be uniformly distributed along the circumference in the upper port of interior support tube 3;Outer cylinder 1
It is a cylinder, the lower port of outer cylinder 1 is located on bottom plate 9,1 set of the outer cylinder outside in tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2, in the upper of outer cylinder 1
The outer cylinder lifting handles 8 for thering is at least two to be uniformly distributed along the circumference on port.
The invention has the advantages that propose a kind of large-scale heat treatment method with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece, installation side and
Fixture of heat treatment, avoid after large-scale band closing in tube-like thin-wall heat treatment of workpieces occur the needle-shaped bulge in piece surface many places, pit,
The defects of warpage and surface large area are recessed, improves the qualification rate of part.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that side is installed in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further details below.Referring to Fig. 1,2,3, at the large-scale heat with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece
Reason method, the outer diameter of processed tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 are not less than 800mm, and axial length is not less than 500mm, tube-like thin-wall work
The upper end of part 2 has arc-shaped closing in section, and the wall thickness of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 is not more than 1.5mm;It is characterized in that, heat treatment
Steps are as follows:
1, welding installation is while 5: when installation 5 lower port is aligned with the upper port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and spot welding is connect,
Solder joint is uniformly distributed along the circumference, and the spacing of adjacent welds is 30mm~40mm;Its role is to reinforce the upper port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2
Intensity prevents upper port from deforming;
2, tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and fixture of heat treatment are assembled: inner support cylinder 3 being put into the centre of bottom plate 9, then by tubular
Thin-wall workpiece 2 is sleeved on the outside of inner support cylinder 3, and the lower port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and the lower end of inner support cylinder 3 are affixed, then
Outer cylinder 1 is put on bottom plate 9, the outside of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 is sleeved on, so far completes tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and heat treatment folder
The assembly of tool;3 type face of inner support cylinder is identical as the type face of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2, avoids in the type face of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2
It falls into;It is affixed in the inner support cylinder outer ring 4 that the upper port of interior support tube 3 is welded and installation side 5 switching position, it is common with installation side 5
Prevent the buckling deformation of the upper port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2;In the upward 50mm of the lower port of inner support cylinder 3, inner support cylinder 3
Gap between external surface shape and the outer surface of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 gradually reduces from top to bottom, in the lower end of interior support tube 3
At mouthful, above-mentioned gap is zero, it is therefore prevented that the buckling deformation of the lower port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2;Outer cylinder 1 is in tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2
Outside, the outer surface that argon gas directly blows to tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 when preventing heat treatment cooling causes, piece surface many places needle
The defects of shape bulge, pit and surface large area are recessed;
3, it is heat-treated: assembly tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and fixture of heat treatment is lifted into heat-treatment furnace, close fire door, it is right
Stove is vacuumized, and vacuum degree in furnace is made to be lower than 6.65 × 10-2Pa is warmed to temperature as defined in specification of heat treatment, heat preservation hot
Time as defined in processing specification is filled with argon gas into furnace and is cooled down, and is cooled to 80 DEG C or less and comes out of the stove.
The installation side 5 that heat treatment method of the large size with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece as described above uses, it is characterised in that:
Installation side 5 is a step cylinder, and the outer diameter of its upper section cylinder is less than the outer diameter of lower section cylinder, the height H1=15mm of upper section cylinder~
The outer diameter of 20mm, height H2=10mm~15mm of lower section cylinder, lower section cylinder are identical as the outer diameter of 2 upper port of tube-like thin-wall workpiece,
Material and the wall thickness for installing side 5 are identical as the material of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 and wall thickness;There is at least two in installation 5 upper port of side
The work piece hoisting handle being uniformly distributed along the circumference.
The fixture of heat treatment that heat treatment method of the large size with closing in tube-like thin-wall workpiece as described above uses, feature exist
In: fixture of heat treatment includes outer cylinder 1, inner support cylinder 3, inner support cylinder outer ring 4, inner support cylinder lifting handles 7, outer cylinder lifting handles
8, bottom plate (9) and bottom plate lifting handles 10;Bottom plate lifting handles 10 are fixed on the periphery of bottom plate 9;Inner support cylinder 3 is a circle
Cylinder, the external surface shape of inner support cylinder 3 is identical as the external surface shape of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2, in the upper port of interior support tube 3,
2 sets of the tube-like thin-wall workpiece outsides in interior support tube 3, the external surface shape of inner support cylinder 3 and the inner surface of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2
Between gap be 1mm~1.5mm, 3 height of inner support cylinder is higher than the sum of height and installation side 5 height of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2
50mm~100mm, the inner support cylinder lifting handles 7 for thering is at least two to be uniformly distributed along the circumference in the upper port of interior support tube 3;Outer cylinder 1
It is a cylinder, the lower port of outer cylinder 1 is located on bottom plate 9,1 set of the outer cylinder outside in tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2, in the upper of outer cylinder 1
The outer cylinder lifting handles 8 for thering is at least two to be uniformly distributed along the circumference on port.
The inner support cylinder outer ring 4 of the upper port welding of inner support cylinder 3 is affixed with installation side 5 switching position;From inner support cylinder 3
The upward 50mm of lower port in, gap between the external surface shape of inner support cylinder 3 and the inner surface of tube-like thin-wall workpiece 2 is from upper
It is gradually reduced under, at the lower port of interior support tube 3, above-mentioned gap is zero.
Embodiment 1
It is 1Cr11Ni2W2MoV with the tube-like thin-wall workpiece material to close up, wall thickness 0.7mm, outside diameter is Ф 940,
End diameter be Ф 852, a height of 752, referring to Fig. 3.
The height H1=15mm of the installation side upper section cylinder of the welding, the height H2=10mm of lower section cylinder, inner support cylinder it is outer
Gap between surface shape and the inner surface of tube-like thin-wall workpiece is 1mm, and inner support cylinder height is higher than tube-like thin-wall workpiece
The sum of height and installation side height 50mm, installation side lower port is aligned with the upper port of workpiece and spot welding connection, and solder joint is circumferentially
Uniformly distributed, the spacing of adjacent welds is 30mm.
Step 1, shove charge: vertical vacuum furnace is selected, clamping part is lain in into shove charge on bracket;Put two measurements zero
The load thermocouple of part temperature, the load thermocouple is placed on by part, and makes the load thermocouple and feature contacts.
Step 2, vacuum hardening: the process of the vacuum hardening is to force down the work that vacuum drying oven is evacuated to vacuum chamber
In 6.65 × 10-3Pa;Vacuum drying oven is warming up to 1050 DEG C, and keeping the temperature makes the temperature for the part being located in the vacuum drying oven reach 1050
DEG C, 20 points+5 points are kept the temperature at 1050 ± 10 DEG C.After heat preservation, vacuum furnace bottom and top intake valve are opened, is filled with into furnace
Argon gas;The pressure of the argon gas is 0.8~1.0bar;When being filled with argon gas, is stirred by fan and part is as cold as 50 DEG C of skies of coming out of the stove
It is cold.
Step 3: vacuum tempering: the process of the vacuum tempering is that vacuum drying oven is evacuated to the operating pressure of vacuum chamber
For 6.65 × 10-3Pa.Vacuum drying oven is warming up to 650 DEG C, and keeping the temperature makes the temperature for the part being located in the vacuum drying oven reach 650
DEG C, at 650 ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 30+10 points.After heat preservation, argon gas is filled with into furnace;The pressure of the argon gas be 0.8~
1.0bar;When being filled with argon gas, by fan stirring by part be as cold as 50 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
For the effect for verifying the present embodiment, part is detected, result find no bulge, pit or collapse and its
It, which is deformed, generates.
Embodiment 2
It is 1Cr11NiMoV with the tube-like thin-wall workpiece material to close up, part wall thickness is 0.9mm, and outside diameter is Ф 940,
End diameter be Ф 852, a height of 752.
The height H1=20mm of the installation side upper section cylinder of the welding, the height H2=15mm of lower section cylinder, inner support cylinder it is outer
Gap between surface shape and the inner surface of tube-like thin-wall workpiece is 1.5mm, and inner support cylinder height is higher than tube-like thin-wall workpiece
Height and installation the sum of side height 80mm, installation side lower port is aligned with the upper port of workpiece and spot welding connection, and solder joint is along circle
Zhou Junbu, the spacing of adjacent welds are 35mm.
Step 1, shove charge: horizontal vacuum furnace is selected, clamping part is lain in into shove charge on bracket;Put two measurements zero
The load thermocouple of part temperature, the load thermocouple is placed on by part, and makes the load thermocouple and feature contacts.
Step 2, it vacuumizes: stove is vacuumized, be evacuated to furnace pressure lower than 6.65 × 10-2Pa;
Step 3 vacuum hardening: furnace temperature is risen to 600 DEG C with 10 DEG C/minute, heat preservation stops to Part temperature up to 600;With 6 DEG C/minute
Furnace temperature is risen to 800 DEG C, heat preservation stops to Part temperature up to 800, and divides to 10~50Pa;Furnace temperature is risen to 1050 with 3 DEG C/minute
DEG C, heat preservation to Part temperature stops up to 1050 DEG C ± 10 DEG C.At 1050 DEG C of ± 10 DEG C of heat preservation 30+10 points.After heat preservation, into furnace
It is filled with argon gas;The pressure of the argon gas is 1.8~2.0bar;When being filled with argon gas, part is as cold as 50 DEG C by fan stirring and is gone out
Furnace is air-cooled.
Step 4: vacuum tempering: the process of the vacuum tempering is that vacuum drying oven is evacuated to the operating pressure of vacuum chamber
For 6.65 × 10-3Pa.Vacuum drying oven is warming up to 650 DEG C, and keeping the temperature makes the temperature for the part being located in the vacuum drying oven reach 650
± 10 DEG C, 1 hour is kept the temperature+10 points at 650 ± 10 DEG C.After heat preservation, argon gas or nitrogen are filled with into furnace;The argon gas or nitrogen
The pressure of gas is 1.8~2.0bar;When being filled with argon gas or nitrogen, by fan stirring by part be as cold as 50 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
For the effect for verifying the present embodiment, part is detected, result finds no needle-shaped pit, bulge or collapses
And other deformations generate.
Embodiment 3
It is 1Cr11NiMoV with the tube-like thin-wall workpiece material to close up, wall thickness 0.7mm, outside diameter is ф 940, and small end is straight
Diameter be ф 852, a height of 752.Annealing heat-treatment is carried out to part.
The height H1=15mm of the installation side upper section cylinder of the welding, the height H2=15mm of lower section cylinder, inner support cylinder it is outer
Gap between surface shape and the inner surface of tube-like thin-wall workpiece is 1.5mm, and inner support cylinder height is higher than tube-like thin-wall workpiece
Height and installation the sum of side height 50mm, installation side lower port is aligned with the upper port of workpiece and spot welding connection, and solder joint is along circle
Zhou Junbu, the spacing of adjacent welds are 30mm.
Step 1, shove charge: vertical or bedroom vacuum drying oven is selected, clamping part is lain in into shove charge on bracket;Put two
The load thermocouple of Part temperature is measured, the load thermocouple is placed on by part, and connects the load thermocouple with part
Touching is close.
Step 2, it vacuumizes: stove is vacuumized, be evacuated to furnace pressure lower than 6.65 × 10-2Pa;
Step 3, it heats up: furnace temperature being risen to 600 DEG C with 10 DEG C/minute, heat preservation to Part temperature stops up to 600 DEG C, with 6 DEG C/minute
Furnace temperature is risen to 755 DEG C, heat preservation to Part temperature stops up to 755 DEG C ± 10 DEG C.
Step 4, vacuum annealing: at 755 DEG C, keeping the temperature 1 hour, after heat preservation, argon gas be filled with into furnace, the argon gas
Pressure is 1.0bar;When being filled with argon gas, by fan stirring by part be as cold as 80 DEG C come out of the stove it is air-cooled.
For the effect for verifying the present embodiment, part is detected, result find no needle-shaped pit or collapse and its
It, which is deformed, generates.