CN107835244A - Agriculture crop field MONITORING AND PRE WARNING SYSTEM OF CLIMATIC CALAMITY based on Internet of Things - Google Patents
Agriculture crop field MONITORING AND PRE WARNING SYSTEM OF CLIMATIC CALAMITY based on Internet of Things Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于物联网的农业大田气候灾害监测预警系统，包括农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统、农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统、4G无线网络传输系统、物联网服务器、数据图像软件平台和预警信息分析系统。通过监测采集农业大田气候灾害数据和农业大田气候灾害视频图像，可以整合农业大田气候数据监测与视频采集集成系统，并利用移动4G无线通讯网络，将全国各个不同地区农业大田的各个传感器监测出的气候数据和摄像机采集到的视频图像同时传输至市、省、国家农业气象分析部门的电脑终端，或者客户电脑终端，便于研究人员及时进行数据分析，达到预警功能。
The invention discloses an agricultural field climate disaster monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things, including an agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system, an agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system, a 4G wireless network transmission system, an Internet of Things server, and a data image software platform and early warning information analysis system. By monitoring and collecting agricultural field climate disaster data and agricultural field climate disaster video images, the integrated system of agricultural field climate data monitoring and video acquisition can be integrated, and the mobile 4G wireless communication network can be used to monitor the various sensors of agricultural fields in different regions of the country. The climate data and video images collected by the camera are simultaneously transmitted to the computer terminals of the city, province, and national agricultural meteorological analysis departments, or to the client's computer terminal, which is convenient for researchers to conduct data analysis in time and achieve early warning functions.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种农田气候预警系统，具体是一种基于物联网的农业大田气候灾害监测预警系统。The invention relates to a farmland climate early warning system, in particular to an agricultural field climate disaster monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things.
背景技术Background technique
农业是国民经济的基础，广义的农业包括耕作业、林业、畜牧业和渔业。在我国，大田种植业是农业的主体。大田种植业受自然条件的影响很大，它一方面要求有适宜耕作的土地，一般要求地形平坦，土壤深厚、肥沃，水源丰富，灌溉便利；另一方面要有足够的供农作物生长所需的光照、热量和水分。世界上农业发展较早、农业发达的地区多分布在降水适中的热带、温带平原地区。我国地处东亚季风区，是世界上主要的“气候脆弱区”之一，也是农业气候灾害的多发区。据统计，中国每年因各种气候灾害造成的农田受灾面积达3.4*107hm2,造成的经济损失约占国民生产总值(GDP)的3%—6%。1995年以来，在全球变暖的大背景下，中国每年因气候灾害造成的直接经济损失超过1000亿元。Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy, and agriculture in a broad sense includes farming, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery. In my country, field planting is the main body of agriculture. Field planting is greatly affected by natural conditions. On the one hand, it requires land suitable for farming, generally flat terrain, deep and fertile soil, abundant water sources, and convenient irrigation; on the other hand, there must be enough water for crop growth. light, heat and moisture. Most of the areas in the world with early agricultural development and developed agriculture are located in tropical and temperate plains with moderate rainfall. my country is located in the East Asian monsoon region, which is one of the world's major "climatically vulnerable regions" and also an area where agricultural climate disasters frequently occur. According to statistics, the area of farmland affected by various climatic disasters in China reaches 3.4*10 7 hm 2 every year, and the resulting economic losses account for about 3%-6% of the gross national product (GDP). Since 1995, under the background of global warming, China's annual direct economic losses due to climate disasters have exceeded 100 billion yuan.
目前，我国的物联网，在农业领域的应用尚处于尝试性起步阶段，整体应用水平和建设规模明显落后于电力、医疗、环保等其它行业。尤其各地农业大田种植气候灾害监测体系基本呈各自为战、散兵游勇式发展，点多面广，严重缺乏整体整合设计，重复投入问题较突出，农业大田气象灾害信息分析和防灾减灾工作不能深入开展，可持续发展不够。At present, the application of my country's Internet of Things in the field of agriculture is still in the tentative initial stage, and the overall application level and construction scale obviously lag behind other industries such as electric power, medical care, and environmental protection. In particular, the climate disaster monitoring system for agricultural field planting in various places basically develops in a fragmented and scattered manner, with many points and a wide range, a serious lack of overall integrated design, and the problem of repeated investment is prominent. The analysis of meteorological disaster information in agricultural fields and the work of disaster prevention and mitigation cannot be carried out in depth. Sustainability is not enough.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种基于物联网的农业大田气候灾害监测预警系统，解决了各地农业大田种植气候灾害监测预警体系分散，重复投入，点多面广，数据和图像信息缺乏，研究人员获取数据、分析数据、采取措施及其不方便的问题。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an agricultural field climate disaster monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things, which solves the problem of scattered agricultural field planting climate disaster monitoring and early warning systems, repeated investment, multiple points and wide areas, lack of data and image information, and researchers obtaining data. , analyze data, take action and its inconvenient issues.
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
基于物联网的农业大田气候灾害监测预警系统，包括农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统、农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统、4G无线网络传输系统、物联网服务器、数据图像软件平台和预警信息分析系统；所述农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统，用于对大田气候灾害环境的数据进行监测；所述农业大田气候视频图像监控系统，用于对大田气候环境的视频和图像进行监控；所述4G无线网络传输系统连接于所述物联网服务器，接收来自农业大田气候数据监测系统和农业大田气候视频图像监控系统的信息并处理，然后将处理后的信息实时发送至所述数据图像软件平台；所述预警信息分析系统，用来存储、对比、分析农田气候灾害数据和农田气候灾害视频图像。The agricultural field climate disaster monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things, including the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system, the agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system, the 4G wireless network transmission system, the Internet of Things server, the data image software platform and the early warning information analysis system; The agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system is used to monitor the data of the field climate disaster environment; the agricultural field climate video image monitoring system is used to monitor the video and images of the field climate environment; the 4G wireless network The transmission system is connected to the server of the Internet of Things, receives and processes information from the agricultural field climate data monitoring system and the agricultural field climate video image monitoring system, and then sends the processed information to the data image software platform in real time; the early warning The information analysis system is used to store, compare and analyze farmland climate disaster data and farmland climate disaster video images.
作为本发明的优选方案：所述农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统和所述农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统，都能够实时通过所述4G无线网络传输系统，进行数据和视频图像的同步传送。As a preferred solution of the present invention: both the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system and the agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system can transmit data and video images synchronously through the 4G wireless network transmission system in real time.
作为本发明的优选方案：所述物联网服务器，接收来自农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统和农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统的大田数据信息和大田视频图像信息并处理，然后将处理后的信息下发，包括物联网服务器接收来自农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统的农业大田空气温湿度数据、光照度数据、二氧化碳数据、太阳辐射数据、大气压力数据、风速数据、风向数据、雨量数据、蒸发数据、土壤水分数据和土壤温度数据，并判断农业大田环境气候温度是否太高、湿度是否太大、光照度是否太强，太阳辐射、大气压力、风速、风向、雨量、蒸发、土壤水分、土壤温度是否正常范围内数值，当判断结果为是时，将上述信息下发至数据图像软件平台；当判断农业大田环境气候数据过高、过大、过强、数值超出正常时，将上述信息下发至预警信息分析系统。As a preferred solution of the present invention: the server of the Internet of Things receives and processes field data information and field video image information from the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system and the agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system, and then downloads the processed information Development, including the Internet of Things server receiving agricultural field air temperature and humidity data, illuminance data, carbon dioxide data, solar radiation data, atmospheric pressure data, wind speed data, wind direction data, rainfall data, evaporation data, soil Moisture data and soil temperature data, and judge whether the environmental climate temperature of the agricultural field is too high, whether the humidity is too high, whether the illuminance is too strong, whether the solar radiation, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, evaporation, soil moisture, and soil temperature are within the normal range When the judgment result is yes, send the above information to the data image software platform; when it is judged that the environmental climate data of the agricultural field is too high, too large, too strong, or the value is beyond normal, send the above information to the early warning information analysis system.
作为本发明的优选方案：所述农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统，包括农业大田空气温湿度传感器、光照度传感器、二氧化碳传感器、太阳辐射传感器、大气压力传感器、风速传感器、风向传感器、雨量传感器、蒸发传感器、土壤水分传感器和土壤温度传感器；传感器监测到的气候环境数据以人机界面触摸液晶屏显示，并通过Zigbee或者RS485传送至PLC数据处理终端。As a preferred solution of the present invention: the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system includes an agricultural field air temperature and humidity sensor, an illumination sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a solar radiation sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a rainfall sensor, and an evaporation sensor , soil moisture sensor and soil temperature sensor; the climate and environment data monitored by the sensor is displayed on the human-machine interface touch LCD screen, and transmitted to the PLC data processing terminal through Zigbee or RS485.
作为本发明的优选方案：所述Zigbee为一种短距离数据传输技术。As a preferred solution of the present invention: the Zigbee is a short-distance data transmission technology.
作为本发明的优选方案：所述4G无线网络传输系统，包括GPRS模块、4G移动手机卡、智能天线；所述4G移动手机卡插入所述GPRS模块的卡槽内。所述智能天线连接所述GPRS模块，将所述农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统的传感器监测采集到的大田环境数据和所述农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统监控到的大田视频图像信息，快速传输出去。As a preferred solution of the present invention: the 4G wireless network transmission system includes a GPRS module, a 4G mobile phone card, and a smart antenna; the 4G mobile phone card is inserted into the card slot of the GPRS module. The smart antenna is connected to the GPRS module, and the field environmental data collected by the sensor monitoring system of the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system and the field video image information monitored by the agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system are quickly transmitted go out.
作为本发明的优选方案：所述数据图像软件平台，能够在同一软件界面上，实时的分区域显示农业大田气候数据信息和农业大田视频图像信息。As a preferred solution of the present invention: the data image software platform can display agricultural field climate data information and agricultural field video image information in real time on the same software interface.
作为本发明的优选方案：所述预警信息分析系统包括农业大田环境气候的数据信息预警分析、图像视频信息预警分析和地理位置信息预警分析。As a preferred solution of the present invention: the early warning information analysis system includes data information early warning analysis of agricultural field environmental climate, image and video information early warning analysis and geographic location information early warning analysis.
通过上述公开内容，本发明的有益效果是：通过监测采集农业大田气候灾害数据和农业大田气候灾害视频图像，可以整合气候数据监测与视频采集集成系统，并利用移动4G无线通讯网络，将全国各个不同地区农业大田的各个传感器监测出的气候数据和摄像机采集到的视频图像同时传输至市、省、国家农业气象分析部门的电脑终端，或者客户电脑终端。综上，本发明解决了各地农业大田种植气候灾害监测预警体系分散，重复投入，点多面广，数据和图像信息缺乏，研究人员获取数据、分析数据、采取措施及其不方便的问题。Through the above disclosure, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: by monitoring and collecting agricultural field climate disaster data and agricultural field climate disaster video images, the integrated system of climate data monitoring and video collection can be integrated, and the mobile 4G wireless communication network can The climate data monitored by various sensors in the agricultural fields in different regions and the video images collected by the cameras are simultaneously transmitted to the computer terminals of the city, province, and national agricultural meteorological analysis departments, or to the client's computer terminals. To sum up, the present invention solves the problems of scattered monitoring and early warning systems for climate disasters in agricultural field planting in various places, repeated investment, multiple points and wide areas, lack of data and image information, and the inconvenience of researchers obtaining data, analyzing data, and taking measures.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的整体系统图。Fig. 1 is the overall system diagram of the present invention.
图2为本发明物联网服务器接收数据和图像的流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of receiving data and images by the IoT server of the present invention.
图3为本发明4G无线网络传输系统示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the 4G wireless network transmission system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
请参照附图1，一种基于物联网的农业大田气候灾害监测预警系统，包括农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统、农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统、4G无线网络传输系统、物联网服务器、数据图像软件平台和预警信息分析系统。Please refer to attached drawing 1, a kind of agricultural field climate disaster monitoring and early warning system based on the Internet of Things, including agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system, agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system, 4G wireless network transmission system, Internet of things server, data image Software platform and early warning information analysis system.
所述农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统，包括农业大田空气温湿度传感器、光照度传感器、二氧化碳传感器、太阳辐射传感器、大气压力传感器、风速传感器、风向传感器、雨量传感器、蒸发传感器、土壤水分传感器和土壤温度传感器；其中，空气温度传感器监测范围是-40～80℃，精度是±1℃，分辨率是1℃。空气湿度传感器监测范围是0～100%RH，精度是±5%RH，分辨率是1%RH。光照度传感器测量范围是0～200Klux，精度是±5%FS。二氧化碳传感器检测量程是0～5000ppm，精度是±50 ppm。太阳辐射传感器测量的光谱范围是0.3～3μm，年变化率小于±2%。大气压力传感器监测量程是0kPa～110kPa，精度是±10Pa。风速传感器测量范围是0～70m/s，精度是±0.3m/s。风向传感器监测范围是0～360度，精度是±1度。蒸发传感器监测量程是0～200mm，精度是±1%。土壤水分传感器用来监测土壤容积含水量，监测水分量程是0～100%，精度是±2%。土壤温度传感器监测土壤温度量程是-40～70℃，精度是±0.5℃。这些传感器都是输出4-20Ma和485信号。其中雨量传感器的承水口径是φ200mm，测量范围是0～4mm/min，精度是±0.4mm，雨量传感器是输出脉冲信号，1脉冲=0.2mm降水。以及参见图2，PLC数据处理终端采集传感器监测到的气象数据和脉冲量数据，并通过4G无线网络传输至电脑PC端的数据图像软件平台。研究人员对环境数据进行分析，可以及时掌握农作物生长情况，当农作物因环境气候因素生长受限时，用户可快速反应，采取应急措施。The agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system includes an agricultural field air temperature and humidity sensor, an illumination sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, a solar radiation sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, a wind speed sensor, a wind direction sensor, a rainfall sensor, an evaporation sensor, a soil moisture sensor and a soil temperature sensor. Sensor; Among them, the monitoring range of the air temperature sensor is -40 to 80°C, the accuracy is ±1°C, and the resolution is 1°C. The monitoring range of the air humidity sensor is 0~100%RH, the accuracy is ±5%RH, and the resolution is 1%RH. The measurement range of the illuminance sensor is 0~200Klux, and the accuracy is ±5%FS. The detection range of the carbon dioxide sensor is 0-5000ppm, and the accuracy is ±50ppm. The spectral range measured by the solar radiation sensor is 0.3-3 μm, and the annual variation rate is less than ±2%. The monitoring range of the atmospheric pressure sensor is 0kPa～110kPa, and the accuracy is ±10Pa. The measurement range of the wind speed sensor is 0~70m/s, and the accuracy is ±0.3m/s. The monitoring range of the wind direction sensor is 0 to 360 degrees, and the accuracy is ±1 degree. The monitoring range of the evaporation sensor is 0~200mm, and the accuracy is ±1%. The soil moisture sensor is used to monitor the volumetric moisture content of the soil, the monitoring moisture range is 0-100%, and the accuracy is ±2%. The soil temperature sensor monitors the soil temperature with a range of -40 to 70°C and an accuracy of ±0.5°C. These sensors all output 4-20Ma and 485 signals. Among them, the water-receiving diameter of the rain sensor is φ200mm, the measurement range is 0-4mm/min, and the accuracy is ±0.4mm. The rain sensor is an output pulse signal, and 1 pulse = 0.2mm precipitation. And see Figure 2, the PLC data processing terminal collects the meteorological data and pulse volume data monitored by the sensor, and transmits them to the data image software platform of the computer PC through the 4G wireless network. By analyzing the environmental data, researchers can grasp the growth of crops in a timely manner. When the growth of crops is limited due to environmental and climatic factors, users can quickly respond and take emergency measures.
所述农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统，包括IP网络摄像头，硬盘录像机，安装基站，实时监控大田农作物的生长信息，并将图像视频传输到监控中心。在监控中心或异地互联网上即可随时看到农作物的生长情况。The agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system includes an IP network camera, a hard disk video recorder, and a base station installed to monitor the growth information of field crops in real time, and transmit the image and video to the monitoring center. The growth of crops can be seen at any time in the monitoring center or on the remote Internet.
所述物联网服务器，接收来自农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统和农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统的大田数据信息和大田视频图像信息并处理，然后将处理后的信息下发，包括物联网服务器接收来自农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统的农业大田空气温湿度数据、光照度数据、二氧化碳数据、太阳辐射数据、大气压力数据、风速数据、风向数据、雨量数据、蒸发数据、土壤水分数据和土壤温度数据，并判断农业大田环境气候温度是否太高、湿度是否太大、光照度是否太强，太阳辐射、大气压力、风速、风向、雨量、蒸发、土壤水分、土壤温度是否正常范围内数值，当判断结果为是时，将上述信息下发至数据图像软件平台；当判断农业大田环境气候数据过高、过大、过强、数值超出正常时，将上述信息下发至预警信息分析系统。The IoT server receives and processes the field data information and field video image information from the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system and the agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system, and then issues the processed information, including the Internet of Things server receiving Agricultural field air temperature and humidity data, illuminance data, carbon dioxide data, solar radiation data, atmospheric pressure data, wind speed data, wind direction data, rainfall data, evaporation data, soil moisture data and soil temperature data from the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system, And judge whether the environmental climate temperature of the agricultural field is too high, whether the humidity is too high, whether the illuminance is too strong, whether the solar radiation, atmospheric pressure, wind speed, wind direction, rainfall, evaporation, soil moisture, and soil temperature are within the normal range. When the judgment result is When it is time, send the above information to the data image software platform; when it is judged that the environmental climate data of the agricultural field is too high, too large, too strong, or the value is beyond normal, send the above information to the early warning information analysis system.
请参照图3，所述4G无线网络传输系统，包括GPRS模块、4G移动手机卡、智能天线；所述4G移动手机卡插入所述GPRS模块的卡槽内。所述智能天线连接所述GPRS模块，将所述农业大田气候灾害数据监测系统的传感器监测采集到的大田环境数据和所述农业大田气候灾害视频图像监控系统监控到的大田视频图像信息，快速传输至集中监控中心。Please refer to FIG. 3 , the 4G wireless network transmission system includes a GPRS module, a 4G mobile phone card, and a smart antenna; the 4G mobile phone card is inserted into the card slot of the GPRS module. The smart antenna is connected to the GPRS module, and the field environmental data collected by the sensor monitoring system of the agricultural field climate disaster data monitoring system and the field video image information monitored by the agricultural field climate disaster video image monitoring system are quickly transmitted to the centralized monitoring center.
所述数据图像软件平台，能够在同一软件界面上，实时的分区域显示农业大田气候数据信息和农业大田视频图像信息。需要说明的是数据图像软件平台，通过云数据管理中心，实现数据和视频图像的采集、接入、审核、交换、共享、管理、分析、模型生成功能。通过历史曲线、数据对比达到预警分析功能。The data image software platform can display agricultural field climate data information and agricultural field video image information in real time and sub-regionally on the same software interface. What needs to be explained is the data image software platform, through the cloud data management center, the functions of data and video image collection, access, review, exchange, sharing, management, analysis, and model generation are realized. The function of early warning analysis can be achieved through historical curves and data comparison.
所述预警信息分析系统包括农业大田环境气候的数据信息预警分析、图像视频信息预警分析和地理位置信息预警分析。能够整合全国不同地域的农田气候数据和视频图像信息，便于研究人员进行预警信息分析。The early warning information analysis system includes data information early warning analysis of agricultural field environment and climate, image and video information early warning analysis and geographical location information early warning analysis. It can integrate farmland climate data and video image information in different regions of the country, which is convenient for researchers to analyze early warning information.
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的实施方式，但是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的宗旨和范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求。The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than limit them. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalent. Replacement without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall be covered by the claims of the present invention.
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| CN112747789A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-05-04 | 计算云科技(江苏)有限公司 | Farmland environment monitoring system based on big data |
| CN113504581A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-15 | 海南青峰生物科技有限公司 | Farmland small-sized climate observation station system based on 5G communication |
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| CN113917565A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-11 | 云南五佳生物科技有限公司 | Flue-cured tobacco is planted with field climate real-time supervision device based on thing networking |
| CN113917565B (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2024-02-09 | 云南五佳生物科技有限公司 | Tobacco is planted and is used field climate real-time supervision device based on thing networking |
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